DE20023801U1 - Injection molded water-soluble container - Google Patents

Abstract

Capsule container that for dispensing detergents to a washing machine, the capsule container is made of a material that has been injection molded, and at least partially soluble in the intended aqueous site.

Description

The The present invention relates to rigid, water-soluble containers. It also concerns capsules, in particular Capsules used for the release of substances which dissolve or disperse in the gastrointestinal tract, such as ingestible ingredients such as pharmaceutical or nutritionally effective Materials that can be used on humans or animals, and capsule-like containers, in particular such containers, to be dispensed into an aqueous Environment of substances such as detergents, pesticides, biocides, deodorants, Dyes and pigments and water treatment chemicals used can be.

Clothes washing compositions can through a dispensing container, from which the composition of the washing drum is fed, delivered to a clothes washing machine or directly into the washing drum are given. The washing compositions may be dispersed in powder, liquid or block form. liquid Compositions have the disadvantage that they are spilled can. The same applies to Powder compositions. Powder compositions have the additional Disadvantage of producing dust that can be inhaled. These problems are overcome or diminished when washing composition blocks are used. These are ordinary seperatly packaged. When unpacking a block for use it still possible that some dust can be generated. It is also for the user uncomfortable to unpack the block. Furthermore, it is for the user almost impossible, some contact between the block and his or her Avoid skin, which will require that the user Wash your hands after starting the washing machine. In fact, all described carry Method the risk of contact between the composition and the skin, and it is in all cases he wishes, that the user washes his hands after starting the washing machine. In In this context, it should be borne in mind that many compositions for Support the cleaning effect contain enzymes. Although the user enzyme remains tolerate those who are left behind in their clothes after washing it may be the contact between the concentrated containing the enzymes Washing composition and the skin does not tolerate.

Similar considerations With regard to others, the tissue care, the surface care and wash the dishes enclosing Areas. Consequently, in particular with respect to dishwashing compositions also the problems of spillage, dust formation, Skin contact and discomfort.

It is known chemical compounds that are dangerous or charming nature, in water-soluble packable dispersible materials such as films. This packaging can Simply add water to the contents of the packaging in the water To dissolve water or to disperse.

To the For example, WO 98/12587 discloses a package comprising a shell a water-soluble or water-dispersible material comprising a flexible wall and a water-soluble one or water-dispersible heat seal includes. The packaging may contain an organic liquid, e.g. a pesticide, fungicide, insecticide or herbicide.

CA-A-1,112,534 discloses a package made from a water-soluble material in sheet form is and in itself a pasty, for automatic dishwasher compatible detergent composition. In what serlöslichen Material may be e.g. to poly (vinyl alcohol), polyethylene oxide or methylcellulose.

It is also known, water-soluble Container through Thermoforming of a water-soluble Mold material. For example, WO 92/17382 discloses a agricultural chemical such as a pesticide-containing package, a first layer of non-planar, water-soluble or water-dispersible material and a second layer of water-soluble or water-dispersible material placed over the first layer and with it through a continuous, closed, water-soluble or water-dispersible seal along a continuous Area of one over the other sealed layers is sealed.

The However, the above packaging methods have numerous disadvantages on.

Of the The first disadvantage is that they are not particularly attractive Appearance. In areas such as in a household environment used containers For example, an attractive appearance for an item is highly desirable. Liquids, in water-soluble Foil covers included are, can have a flabby, unattractive appearance.

The second drawback is that it is difficult to form two or more separate compartments in the package so that two incompatible components are included but separated. Although an arrangement for separate incompatible materials in flexible pads has been described in WO 93/08095, the proposed method is complex and currently not achievable in large-scale production. It Therefore, it can not be used to make large numbers of containers.

Of the third disadvantage is that the release profile of in the containers contained compositions can be controlled only limited. Is e.g. a composition between two planar, water-soluble Foils or in a thermoformed packaging, the composition is simply released at the time the slides are on dissolve in water or disperse. While it possible may be the time of the beginning of the release of the content To control to a certain degree, the release rate can be the content may be can not be controlled because the entire slide almost simultaneously triggers or dispersed. Furthermore, it can be difficult for a longer period of time pretend before the contents of the packaging are released. One additional Problem also arises from thermoformed packaging. Will that be Thermoforming not carefully controlled, the film material at the times at which the material is pulled into the mold during thermoforming, accidentally thinned become. This could the packaging contents too early be released. Moreover, it is the case of all the above packaging not possible, different compositions at different times or at different speeds, as it did, as above discussed, not possible is more than one composition in each water-soluble container contribute.

Of the fourth disadvantage is that the container does not come with a special fast speed can be produced. Are the containers through heat sealing of planar Foils or made by thermoforming, the containers must be immediately filled and sealed. All these procedures must be carried out one after the other. This means that it is not possible is, a fast throughput for To get mass goods like household products. For example, standard thermoforming machines only about 400 to 800 containers produce per minute.

It There are many forms of systems on the market today be used in the delivery of medical preparations. at the two, which predominate especially with respect to oral routes, These are hard gelatin capsules and tablets - the like mentioned solid dosage formulations. Both of these dosage forms have remained virtually unchanged for decades. Become a gelatin capsule by a dipping process with the construction of successive layers made while Tablets formed by pressing a powder or fine granules become.

The gelatin capsules currently used are widely used worldwide to deliver thousands of prescription and over-the-counter medicines and nutritional formulations. Unfortunately, they have many highly significant limitations, including: their inability to be easily formed into a shape that facilitates optimal delivery of their ingredients to the patient; the fact that gelatin is animal-based; and the considerable likelihood that they will stick in the esophagus of the patient when swallowing. These and other limitations have been confirmed in recent years - see below - and efforts have been made to address them by finding and using numerous materials as an alternative to gelatin, but in most cases the materials are even more fragile, difficult to shape, and significantly more expensive than gelatin and other conventional solid dose delivery systems, which is why they have not been used successfully for this purpose so far - leaving the problem of the hard gelatin capsule and still having to overcome its disadvantages. Some of these disadvantages are as follows:
As stated above, gelatin is animal-based by being extracted from bone and animal skin and, as such, carries the risk or at least the perceived risk of being associated with Kreutzfeld-Jakob disease. The manufacturing process used to make hard gelatin capsules involves a so-called dipping process which makes the thickness parameters difficult to control. Significantly, the process itself does not result in the more complex shapes, sizes, and chemical properties now required in the drug and nutrient industry, especially when controlled release is desired. Hard gelatin capsules themselves are also problematic in that they attract static charge, thereby posing an additional problem to their handling during manufacture, while the gelatin itself tends to undergo adverse physical and chemical changes during long-term storage.

As also emphasized above, proper swallowing of gelatin capsules may be quite difficult, as they can all too easily stick in the esophagus. While this may seem trivial, it is true that, while the most common cause of hospital casualty is that patients fall out of bed, the second most frequent cause of the accident is capsules or tablets sticking to the patient's esophagus stay! Very few patients can swallow a capsule in a lying position, and if a gelatin capsule sticks in the esophagus, it can be extremely difficult to remove them NEN. In fact, it has been found that by drinking liquids such as water, such a sticky capsule can not be moved even if large amounts are consumed, and occasionally, sticking can not be overcome even when food is eaten. Part of the problem may be that a filled gelatin capsule floats when its contents are not tight (as is often the case), tending to remain in the mouth after the initial sip of water has been swallowed. This will allow stickiness to develop rapidly on the surface of the capsule, which in turn increases the likelihood that the capsule will stick to the esophagus when it is finally swallowed.

you Now it became clear that the above capsule type is different Uses as in medicine and in human or animal body having. In particular, it has been recognized that many are for delivery to their Point of use to be packaged substances where the body an aqueous one Environment is, in similar, but slightly larger capsules could be involved. consequently could a capsule-like container - a "capsule" container - used be used to Detergents to a washing machine, pesticides on a paddy field or water treatment chemicals to a reservoir leave. About that come off when used by appropriately sizing the various parts of the container or by appropriate selection of the materials of which they are made, various Parts of the container at different times.

The The present invention seeks to provide water-soluble containers which include some or more to overcome all of the above disadvantages.

The present invention has numerous different aspects and embodiments as follows:
The present invention provides a rigid, water-soluble container made of an injection molded polymer, eg, a poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVOH) and / or a cellulose ether, such as hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC), the container comprising a composition, eg, a fabric care, Surface care or dishwashing composition.

The The present invention also provides a capsule, i. a container ready comprising a self-supporting receiving part and a closure part, wherein the receiving part and the closure part together a composition, e.g. a fabric care, surface care or dishwashing composition enclose, wherein the receiving part of a water-soluble polymer and the closure part from a water-soluble Polymer molded, wherein in use the closure part before the receiving part triggers.

The The present invention also provides an injection molded capsule container any size or Gestalt for the delivery of a Water of certain ingredients, preferably selected from a Fabric Care, Surface Care or dishwashing composition, ready, with the container made of a material that is in the intended aqueous Destination dissolves.

The The present invention further provides a method of washing of goods which require the use of one as defined above container comprising a receiving or washing capsule as defined above, the method comprising introducing the container, the receiving or washing capsule into a laundry washing machine before starting the washing process, the container, the pickup or washing capsule during the washing process completely is consumed. The goods washing machine may be e.g. a dishwasher or a laundry washing machine act.

The present invention also provides a capsule container comprising at least two constituents consisting of one or more Material (s) is made, the castable and water soluble or is water dispersible or in which is an essential part the surface these components are water-soluble or water dispersible, allowing perforations through the wall left behind be when the capsule container with an aqueous Environment is brought into contact, wherein the container one to six, preferably has one or two or three divisions, the content of different departments for the watery Environment accessible is when the capsule container such an aqueous Environment is exposed, with the accessibility time to the various Divisions from one department to another the same or different can be. The contents of the containers may be e.g. no Fabric Care, Surface Care or dishwashing composition act.

The The following description and the following drawings refer to each and all as discussed above Aspects and embodiments either individually or in combination thereof.

The container to overcome the present invention some or all of the above disadvantages.

First, because the containers are rigid and self-supporting, they have an attractive, uniform shape Appearance that does not vary between different containers. Further, the rigid containers can easily incorporate various elements that are considered pleasing to the eye, but which are impossible to incorporate into the flexible containers discussed above.

Secondly Due to the rigidity of the containers, it is possible to have two or more compartments or larger through Walls separated from each other Departments to produce separate mutually exclusive incompatible ingredients separate from each other. The containers can also a part of the composition on an outer surface, e.g. in a well. Furthermore, the container in almost any shape that could be useful to be cast. In particular, you can he was raised or in-depth areas.

thirdly Is it possible, the release profile of the contents of the container to control. Because the container is rigid is, is it possible the width of all container walls so adapt that both the beginning of the release of the composition and the rate of release are controlled. For example can one or more walls thin designed so that the composition is released early. In another embodiment can the walls be made thick to ensure that here is a delayed one Release of the composition takes place. The release rate The composition can also be controlled by ensuring it be that only a part of the container has thin walls that are in front the rest of the container solve or disperse. Different walls or wall parts of the container can from different water-soluble polymers are prepared, which have different resolution properties. For example, a first compartment may be enclosed by a polymer such as PVOH be that at a higher or lower temperature than the second compartment enclosing polymer solves. consequently can different ingredients released at different times become. contains the container a solid or gelatinous Composition, it is even not necessary that the container Composition completely encloses. A part can remain exposed, so when added to water immediately begins to break away.

Fourth can they, because the containers rigid and self-supporting, using on a manufacturing plant of normal stuffing equipment easily filled become. Such a filling equipment can good and like to fill at least 1500 containers per minute.

Desirably exists the container in addition to its content essentially from the injection molded polymer. It is possible, that suitable additives such as plasticizers and lubricants are included. softener are generally added in an amount of up to 20% by weight, e.g. FROM 15 to 20 wt .-% used, lubricants are generally used in an amount of 0.5 to 5 wt .-%, and the polymer is Therefore, generally in an amount of 75 to 84.5 wt .-%, on the Base of the total weight of the casting composition used. Examples for suitable Polymers are PVOH and cellulose ethers such as HPMC.

PVOH is a known water-soluble Material used to make water-soluble films for wrapping as discussed above Compositions is used. Cellulose ethers were generally not for producing water-soluble Sheets used because they have poor mechanical strength.

PVOH materials can Unlike gelatin, they are modified in such a way that they interact with different speeds under different conditions (including the pH of the aqueous Medium into which they are introduced) solve.

Of the preferably for molding the container PVOH used in the present invention may be partially or fully alcoholized or hydrolyzed. For example, it may be 40 to 100%, preferably 70 to 92%, stronger preferably about 88% alcoholized or hydrolyzed polyvinyl acetate be. The polymer such as PVOH or cellulose ether is generally in cold water of 20 ° C soluble, can but in cold water at 20 ° C insoluble be and only in warm water or hot water at a temperature e.g. of 30 ° C, 40 ° C, 50 ° C or even 60 ° C become soluble. In the case of PVOH this parameter becomes due to its degree of hydrolysis certainly.

For certain For applications or uses, polymers are also desired in aqueous Environments are soluble at temperatures as low as 5 ° C.

To the Guarantee that the polymer is injection molded like PVOH or cellulose ether can, it is common Ingredients such as plasticizers and mold release agents in an amount from to e.g. 15 wt .-% of the composition to include. suitable Plasticizers are e.g. Pentaerythritol such as depentaerythritol, sorbitol, mannitol, Glycerol and glycols such as glycerol, ethylene glycol and polyethylene glycol.

Solids such as talc, stearic acid, magne Sodium stearate, silica, zinc stearate and colloidal silica may also be used. A preferred PVOH already present in a mold suitable for injection molding is sold in granular form under the name CP1210T05 from Soltec Developpement SA, Paris, France.

Of the PVOH may vary depending on the selected Formulation and required melt flow index at temperatures e.g. poured from 180-220 ° C become. He can become containers, Capsule bodies, Caps, receiving parts and closure parts with suitable hardness, texture and solubility properties to be poured.

One the biggest practical Problems of current hard gelatin capsules lie in their ability to to pick up a static electric charge. Such capsules quickly pick up a high static charge during manufacturing, with the effect that they do not just touch each other and everyone else non-polar surfaces stick, but also for that Make sure they get particles of foreign material from their surroundings attract. This also means that the capsules are difficult to fill and their surfaces must be treated immediately before printing. This phenomenon is for some castable Polymers, but not for PVOH usual, not only soluble, ingestible, castable and weldable is, but also carries no electric charge, the above-described Can cause problems. Thus, it is still one Another consequence of using an injection molding process is that the castable Material in terms of its ability to pick up and hold a static charge can - or it one or more additional Can include substances, which has some effect on the way the capsule gets in this Relationship behaves shows.

consequently In yet another aspect, this invention provides an injection molding container such as a receptacle or capsule container ready, made of no static charge absorbing materials such as PVOH or a cellulose ether.

One Aspect of the present invention is, as indicated above, a capsule, i. a container, comprising a self-supporting receiving part and a closure part, wherein the receiving part and the closure part together a composition like a fabric care, surface care or dishwashing enclose, where the receiving part of a water-soluble polymer and the closure part from a water-soluble Polymer molded, wherein in use the closure part before the receiving part triggers.

Preferably the capsule is a washing capsule enclosing a washing composition.

One another aspect of the present invention is, as indicated above, an injection molded capsule container of any size or Gestalt for the delivery of a Water of certain ingredients, in particular selected from a fabric care, surface care or dishwashing composition, a detergent, pesticide, biocide, deodorant, dye, pigment or a water treatment chemical, wherein the container of a material that is in the intended aqueous Destination dissolves.

In many aspects of the present invention, including this Aspects, is the water-soluble Polymer not limited to PVOH or a cellulose ether. Other water-soluble Compounds such as polyglycolides, gelatin, polylactides and polylactide-polyglycolide copolymers can be used. These ingredients may also contain ingredients such as plasticizers and mold release agents such as those that described above. All of the polymer compositions, including of the PVOH and cellulose ethers also other ingredients such as colorants and their properties modifying ingredients lock in.

In all aspects and embodiments of the The present inventor comprises the container or the capsule in general a receiving part receiving the compositions and a closure part, that simply close the receiving part or even at least one may have certain recording function. The receiving part points preferably sidewalls which terminate at its upper end in an outward flange at which the closure member is sealingly secured, in particular, when the closure part is in the form of a film. The attachment can be done by means of an adhesive, but is preferred by means of a seal between the flange and the closure part achieved. A heat seal or other methods such as infrared, radio-frequency, ultrasound, laser, Solvent-, Vibratory or spin welding can be used. One Glue like an aqueous one solution of PVOH or a cellulose ether may also be used. The seal is desirably as well water soluble.

The The closure itself may be injection molded or blown. However, this is preferably a fastened on the receiving part Plastic film. The foil may e.g. PVOH or a cellulose ether such as HPMC or another water-soluble polymer.

The Have container walls such thicknesses that the containers are rigid. For example have the outer walls and any interior walls, the independent injection molded from each other, thicknesses greater than 100 μm, e.g. greater than 150 μm or larger than 200 μm, 300 μm or 500 μm, 750 μm or 1 mm up. Preferably, the closure member is made of a thinner material as the receiving part. Thus, the thickness of the closure part is typically in the range of 10 to 200 μm, preferably 50 to 100 microns and the wall thickness of the receiving part in the range of 300 to 1500 .mu.m, preferably 500 to 1000 μm. However, the closure member may also have a wall thickness of 300 to 1500 microns as 500 to 1000 μm exhibit.

Preferably dissolves the closure part in water (at least to the degree to which granted is that the washing composition in the receiving part by the water solved and preferably completely solved is) at 40 ° C in less than 5 minutes, preferably in less than 2 minutes.

The Receiving part and the closure part could have the same thickness or different Have thicknesses. The closure part may e.g. of higher solubility as the receiving part to dissolve faster.

Preferably has the washing capsule in its outer shape generally the shape of a cuboid, with the top wall is formed by the closure part and the side walls and the base wall are formed by the receiving part.

Preferably For example, a washing capsule of the invention is made by molding an assembly made of receiving parts, each receiving part with adjacent Connected recording parts and of them by a cracking or tearing is separable. The arrangement is preferably about one having columns and rows of the receiving parts. The Shooting parts can through fragile fabrics of the water-soluble polymer such as PVOH or a cellulose ether are separated.

alternative can do this the receiving parts are manufactured with the flanges mentioned above, so they are separated by a line of weakness. For example, the material may be thinned out and thus easily broken or be torn. The thinning may be from the casting process, or preferably from a later scribing step result.

in the Manufacturing process is the injection molded arrangement a filling zone supplied and all Receiving parts are filled with the washing composition. A Layer of water-soluble Polymer such as PVOH or a cellulose ether can then be placed on the assembly be attached to the closure parts for all receiving parts of the arrangement to build. The assembly can then be packaged in the individual washing capsules be separated or left for packaging as an arrangement to disconnected from the user. Preferably, it is used as an arrangement so that the user cancels the individual washing capsules or breaks off. Preferably, the assembly has an extending between the capsules Symmetry line on, and the two halves of the arrangement are around folded this line of symmetry such that the closure parts facing each other Contact lie. This supports the protection of the closure parts against any damage between the factory and User. It is clear that the fasteners are more prone to damage than the ones Shooting parts are. Alternatively, two identical arrangements of washing capsules are packed together by placing their closure parts together facing contact.

In some embodiments invention, the container, the capsule or receptacle define a single compartment. In other embodiments invention, the container, the capsule or the receiving part define two or more compartments, which contain various products useful in a washing process. In such a situation, a dividing wall ends or ends or subdivision walls the container preferably at the upper part of the container, the capsule or the receiving part, i. in the same plane as the upper edges of the side walls, so that the contents of the departments when shooting the Receiving part can not mix through the closure part. Of the Container, the capsule or the receiving part can with a preferably from the side walls spaced upstand preferably with one generally cylindrical Be given shape. If desired, can the remaining volume of the container, the capsule or the Receiving part by extending between the upstand and the side walls in two walls or split several parts.

Of the Container, the capsule, the receiving part or the closure part can with an opening e.g. a depression formed in the sidewall or the base wall is and preferably to the outward direction open, be shaped. That is, it preferably forms no part of the main volume passing through the container, the capsule, the receiving part or the closure part is defined. Preferably, the opening is to suitable to press-fit a solid block (e.g., a tablet) from a composition, e.g. a useful during the washing process Pick up material.

Preferably If the closure part consists of a transparent or translucent material, so that the contents of the washing capsule is recognizable.

Preferably is the container the capsule or the receiving part made of a transparent or translucent material, so that the contents of the washing capsule is recognizable.

The Washing composition within the container, the capsule or the Shooting part or a section thereof does not have to be uniform. To the Example could be he / she / it during first of all with a useful during a washing process determinable means, e.g. one gel and then another Material filled become. This first material could dissolve in the washing process so slowly that its charge over in the washing process a long duration is given. This could e.g. be useful to an immediate, delayed or sustained release of a plasticizer in a clothes washing machine container, capsule or receiving part.

Of the container or the capsule may e.g. in at least two parts (a body part and a cap member) which are tight and preferably sealing and inseparably match each other to form a division in which the ingredient to be achieved is stored. In one Example, the container or the capsule three parts - one Body like a receiving part, a first cap and then a second cap, the on the closed end of either the body or the first cap Fits, so that one capsule with two separate compartments is obtained. Lying three such parts (or more, four parts - a body and three caps - the three departments, etc.), of course, the ingredients in each department be the same or different.

In all embodiments In the present invention, a compartment may e.g. a liquid or solid component (such as a powder, granules or a pressed or gelatinous Tablet) and another another liquid or solid component (such as a powder, granules or a pressed or gel tablet) contain. In another embodiment can more than one component in one or more departments. To the For example, a department may include a solid component e.g. in shape a ball or pill (such as a powder, granules or a pressed or gelatinous tablet) and a liquid one Component included.

By Use of the cap / body parts of the container of the receiving part or capsule with different thicknesses or from different polymers or both such as PVOH polymers with different Hydrolysis degrees possible this invention provides improved control of the release of various Ingredients at different times or in different Positions within a broad scope of the aqueous destination.

Of the capsular container can be any size or Have shape. Cheap is e.g. the standard capsule shape - an elongated tubular packaging with closed, rounded ends. Although it is possible is that different parts mostly have the same sizes, is it about it also common, that a long body with a shorter one Cap is present (the cap can make up half or a quarter of the body). Typically, a capsule-shaped container a closed total length from 4 to 10 cm, such as 4 to 6 cm and an outside diameter of 2 to 4 cm up. However, it should be clear that there is no theoretical limitation on both Size as well the form is present, and the aptitude question usually arises the basis of the "dose" of the contents of the container, the size of one any opening, through which the container must fit, and the available Dispensing means is decided.

Of the capsular container can be in at least two parts (a body or receiving part and a cap part) which is tight and preferably sealing and inseparable fit together. The actual connection of the parts can be cheap in any Manner performed can, however, benefit from the actual nature of the capsule material - the fact that this is one that can be injection molded (it is a thermoplastic) to be pulled. Consequently it acts In the preferred joining method, welding, e.g. either heat welding through Melting of the parts when they are in contact with each other and "running into each other" and then cooling and Solidifying to obtain an integral device, or solvent welding, where Mostly the same effect by partially loosening the adjacent parts of the Capsule and again running into one another and then solidifying under Forming a whole is achieved. Heat welding is the much preferred way although any of the sealing techniques described herein can be used.

Actually the invention in one of its several aspects an injection molded capsule container with a cap part and a body part ready, the after filling be welded together into a single indivisible unit (i.e., sealing and preventing subsequent access to content and thus ensuring the containment of the contents, whether solid, powder, granulate, Liquid-, Gel or suspension dosage forms).

In In another aspect, the invention provides a capsule which for the Delivery of a certain drug or device is used on the human or animal body, wherein the capsule is made of a material that is injection molded can be and at least partially dissolves in the body.

The Invention provides a capsule - i. a small container for the relevant ingredients, wherein the container at least partially in two parts (a body part and a cap member) which is tight and preferably sealing and inseparably match each other to form a division in which the ingredient to be dispensed is stored. In a another embodiment The capsule can have three parts - one Body, a first cap and then a second cap which is closed on the End of either the body or the first cap fits, so that one capsule with two separate departments. And are three such parts (or more, four parts - one Body and three caps - the of course, the ingredients can be the same or be different.

In one example - see 11A In the accompanying drawings, the capsule may comprise a body and a cap, each provided with a central, axially parallel partition so that the capsule as a whole has two separate compartments.

By Use of capsule caps / body parts with different thicknesses or different polymers or both allows the invention provides improved control of the release of various Active ingredients at different times or in different positions. This difference in release time is in many applications or uses, including in the gastrointestinal tract, in which the ability to control the release time useful in developing the science of chronobiology, useful.

The Capsule has any shape, preferably an elongated tubular packaging. The ends are advantageously closed, whether round or conical. Although it is possible It is beyond that that there are different parts with the same sizes useful, that here is a long body with a shorter one Cap is present (the cap can make up half or a quarter of the length of the body). Typically, the capsule has a drug or nutrient use closed total length from 10 to 25 mm and an outer diameter from 5 to 10 mm.

Even though it possible is that there are different parts with the same sizes, it is useful that a long body with a shorter one Cap (the cap can be half or a quarter of the length of the body make out). Typically, a capsule container of other uses or uses as medicines or nutrients a closed total length from 3 to 12 cm, e.g. 4 to 10 cm and an outer diameter of 1 to 5 cm, e.g. 2 to 4 cm up. However, it should be clear that both in Size as well Form no theoretical limitation, and the suitability question becomes usually based on the "dose" of the contents of the container, the size of one any opening, through which the container must fit, and the available Dispensing means decided.

The capsule according to the invention is intended to deliver a certain active ingredient or a certain device used on the human or animal body to become. The delivery can take place in any suitable way; for the Most active ingredients are preferred to the oral route - and their benefits are included oral administration of the capsule particularly evident - however can, if appropriate, rectal or vaginal routes are used naturally. regardless However, the nature of the trail clearly requires that the material, off which the capsule is made - the material which is injection-molded can be - to Delivery to the target organism (which is a human or an animal can act) of course should be safe. PVOH - polyvinyl alcohol - is one such Material - it is not only non-toxic but also available in food qualities and very much preferred.

at PVOH - or specific formulations based on PVOH - are currently at the cheapest injection-moldable, water-soluble or water-dispersible material, and among the various commercially available available PVOH formulations are a particularly preferred Sort around the area of materials, under the name CP1210T05 from Soltec Developpement SA Paris, France (in the form of granules).

In general, PVOH polymers are synthetic materials which, when properly formulated with other excipients such as plasticizers, especially glycerin (but other glycols and polyglycols may be used depending on their intake acceptance) and solids such as talc, stearic acid, magnesium stearate, silica, zinc stearate, colloidal silica, respectively selected formulation and required melt flow index at temperatures between 180-220 ° C to capsule bodies and caps having suitable hardness, texture and solubility properties required for a pharmaceutical or similar capsule, can be poured.

PVOH materials can Unlike gelatin, they are modified in such a way that they interact with different speeds under varying conditions (including the pH of the aqueous Medium - like the internal parts of the target organism body in which they are to be introduced) to solve. Capsules made of PVOH materials can therefore to release their contents in any suitable location, e.g. if pharmaceutical use is considered, in the stomach, upper or lower small intestine, large intestine, as desired be formulated.

Of Further, PVOH formulations interact with many organic ones Solvents or oils of the in drug or nutrient compositions generally not used, while those commonly used in such compositions used aqueous Gels can be formulated in such a way that they withstand the interaction with PVOH, so PVOH made capsules can be used such that they are such materials contain.

The The invention provides a capsule that is in at least two parts (a body part and a cap member) which is tight and preferably sealing and inseparable from made of PVOH match each other. The actual Connection of the parts can be done in any convenient way however, advantage may come from the actual Nature of capsule material - the The fact that this is one that will be injection-molded can (it is a thermoplastic) be pulled. Consequently acts the preferred joining method is welding - either hot welding weld together of the parts when in contact with each other and "running into each other" and then cooling down and Solidify to become an integral device, or Solvent welding, where Mostly the same effect by partially releasing the adjacent parts the capsule and running into each other and then solidifying under Forming a whole can be achieved. Hot welding is the much preferred way.

Actually the invention in one of its various aspects in particular an injection-molded capsule (suitable for use in dispensing a certain active ingredient or a certain device) with a Cap part and a body part ready, after filling welded together into a single inseparable unit (thereby sealing them and preventing subsequent access to the content and thus ensures the encapsulation of the content whether granules, liquid, Gel or suspension dosage forms).

PVOH materials are particularly suitable for hot welding being a cheap one Type of this technique laser welding although any suitable method is used can, with the proviso, that it actually a permanent welding with the polymer used to form the capsule. Some other general methods are infrared (IR) -, Radiofrequency (RF) and ultrasonic welding.

Some these methods can the addition of other items or require procedures to ensure their correct operation. To the Example can RF welding the use of a conductor contained in the capsule surface a metal (usually Aluminum). Laser welding usually requires that the upper surface for the used laser is transparent and the lower surface is opaque to him. This can be done by avoiding opaque coatings and fillers on the outer surface of the Capsule cap and by applying to the upper surface of the backshell be achieved. For example, a perimeter may be one of a suitable one Material around the body to be printed to the required connection point to weld to facilitate this point. As a result of welding becomes vorteilfahterweise a planar Cross section of the capsule container receive.

Under the different methods, laser welding is preferred, since no direct contact is required and she can do that very much achieve high production speeds required.

After this the intended contents were placed in the capsule body and the Cap on the body was set the two parts of the capsule through, suppose a laser beam to be welded into a single unit that will not be welded afterwards easy and without leaving behind of visible traces in the body and the cap can be disconnected to regain access to the contents receive. As a result, would be any attempt to falsify the content, clearly recognizable.

For example, the two parts of the capsule to be welded together are made such that the open end of one part fits into the open end of the other part with the smallest gap that can be practically achieved to allow easy assembly. Usually, but not necessarily, the capsule is at one or the other component with a stop verse so that the entry of one into the other part can not go beyond the fixed position and in any case stops at the same.

The both halves or sheaths are in closed position when the entire periphery the open end of a part of the periphery of the open end of the other part overlaps is. The closed capsule is then ready for welding, and this is done by bringing the capsule very close to the welding head. The distance varies with the selected one Welding process. The welding apparatus is turned on and forms a weld between the two themselves in contact in the form of a weld line in a closed loop around the periphery of the capsule. This can be achieved either by using the welding heads in the form of a ring (the continuous or consist of a number of separate heads can), or by turning the capsule or the head around each other, assumed to be achieved by rolling the capsule behind the head. The exact procedure depends from the selected welding technology from.

It is possible, too, Solvent welding, i. the use of a solvent for the selected use injection-molded material, so that the surface layers soften the material on which the two parts are in contact and flowable be made. In the case of PVOH, the solvent is conveniently Water or an aqueous electrolyte solution (typically containing an alkali metal halide such as lithium chloride as electrolyte). However, this technique requires an extra step for the welding process, in which the solvent is applied to one of the surfaces to be contacted before the both cases getting closed. However, this method is not preferred since it is probably comparatively slow and the addition of water and solute for the Ingredients) or other preparations contained in the capsule quite can be disadvantageous.

The weldability the two parts (body and Cap) of the injection-molded capsule of the invention into a single Unit, which subsequently without visible destruction the capsule can not be separated into its two parts stands in contrast to the nature of the known hard gelatin capsule parts, the not welded in this way can be. Consequently, integrity can be the contents are protected by the capsule according to the invention in a manner those made using gelatin capsule parts can not be done.

On Reason of integrity the welded seal can in all aspects and embodiments the container, the receiving part or the capsule with egg nem suitable powder, a suitable liquid, filled with a suitable gel or oil.

The Invention provides a capsule, a container or a receiving part ready, which is made of a material that is injection molded can be. The injection molding process provides controlled variations in the thickness of the walls and the arched one Ends of one or both halves the capsule, which allows is that the release properties are infinitely varied can. The use of such molded capsule shells allows the development of capsule formulations which Contain pearls or granules with controlled release, wherein It can be determined where the content is released, so that System as a whole can be manufactured to its content regardless of different physicochemical properties of the Content to the desired Position, with the desired Speed and the desired Release duration. This also allows the delivery system to protect of the drug before adverse conditions in other parts of the organism - e.g. in the gastrointestinal tract - used can be before the absorption occurs when the capsule or the container intended for administration to the human or animal body is.

It There are many advantages to using capsules injection molding compared to traditional dip coating techniques, and it's the effort worth explaining here.

• a) Die Dicke der Wandabschnitte kann genauer gesteuert werden und dadurch unter anderem derart variiert werden, dass eine geeignete Auflösungsgeschwindigkeit der Kapsel erhalten wird.
• b) Eine reduzierte Wanddicke, die mit den Spritzgusskapselhüllen möglich ist, führt zu erhöhten Produktionsgeschwindigkeiten.
• c) Die Oberflächenform (Glätte) sowohl der inneren als auch der äußeren Kapseloberflächen kann für den Guss verglichen mit dem Tauchen genauer gesteuert werden, wobei Letzteres nur eine Steuerung der Innenoberflächenform gewährt.
• d) Der Grad (die Enge) der Passform zwischen den beiden Kapselhälften kann durch den Guss enger gesteuert werden.
• e) Der Spritzguss gewählt das Hinzufügen von Abschnittsvariation um den Rand von einer oder beiden der Kapselhälften, sodass Besonderheitem für den endgültigen Kapselaufbau wie Ultraschall- oder Laserschweißen in den Basisbestandteilaufbau eingeschlossen werden können.
• f) Werden beide Kapselhälften gleichzeitig im selben Spritzgusswerkzeug gegossen, können die Kapselhälften automatisch als Nachgussvorgang zusammengesetzt werden, der sofort durchgeführt wird, wenn die Werkzeughälften offen sind, was für die Sauberkeits- und Qualitätsgewährleistung von Nutzen ist.
• g) Es besteht keine Notwenigkeit für weitere Abgleich- oder Bemessungsvorgänge.

The dip coating of gelatin is the traditional method of making capsule shells. One of the basic characteristics of a capsule is the rate at which the shell material dissolves or disperses to release the contained ingredients. Using the dipping method, there is limited control of the final thickness of the capsule shell. The basic advantage of using the injection molding process is that there is much more versatility about the final constituent form, eg:

• a) The thickness of the wall sections can be more accurately controlled and thereby be varied, inter alia, such that a suitable dissolution rate of the capsule is obtained.
• b) A reduced wall thickness, which is possible with the injection-molded capsule sleeves, leads to increased production speeds.
• c) The surface shape (smoothness) of both the inner and outer capsule surfaces can be more accurately controlled for casting compared to dipping, the latter being only one Control of the inner surface shape granted.
• d) The degree (tightness) of the fit between the two capsule halves can be more closely controlled by the casting.
• e) Injection molding has chosen to add section variation around the edge of one or both of the capsule halves so that features for the final capsule assembly, such as ultrasonic or laser welding, can be included in the base constituent assembly.
• f) If both capsule halves are simultaneously poured in the same injection molding tool, the capsule halves can be automatically assembled as a refilling process, which is carried out immediately when the tool halves are open, which is useful for the cleanliness and quality assurance.
• g) There is no need for further adjustment or dimensioning operations.

The Invention provides a capsule for delivery to the human or animal body an active ingredient or device. For the most part it is the ingredient as hereinbefore proposed a drug - a pharmaceutical Active substance - or possibly a certain sort of nutrient active material - a "nutrient-active" material - like vitamins or oligoelements or food supplements. However, it is not impossible, this capsule is used to deliver a very different kind of "ingredient", such as a measuring or sampling device or a machine, as in some forms of medicine or Surgery may be required is used.

In In its broadest aspect, the invention provides a capsule which is made of a material that is injection-molded can. This injection molding concept has several unexpected consequences such as the selection of a PVOH type polymer for this purpose, in particular For example, an injection-molded capsule can be shaped to almost any shape become useful could be (as discussed in the above can be found). In particular, they may be given outer raised (or recessed) surfaces be - this has the advantage that for the preferred oral delivery path is clearly the surface area the capsule is reduced, which contacts the walls of the esophagus can come when the capsule is swallowed, and thereby the risk is reduced, that the capsule sticks in the esophagus and consequently the Passage of the capsule down to the stomach relieved.

In In another aspect, therefore, the invention provides an injection molded capsule (suitable for use in delivering a certain active ingredient or some device) with raised parts cast into its outer surface ready.

consequently can the container, the capsule, the capsule container, the receiving part or the closure part e.g. raised parts cast into their outer surface exhibit.

The increased Parts - mostly They are hereinafter referred to as "elevated", although the effect of a increased Obviously achieved by lowering the other parts can - can in Form of short, small, pimple-like protrusions, or they can ribs be complete or partially extend either around or along the capsule. The parts can be like this be constructed to include or act as markers, the one identification of the capsule and its contents - either visually for the sighted or palpable for the Visually impaired or even by a machine or a reader grant. consequently a code can be poured into the surface be so filled one Capsule at all stages of its life by the manufacturer Quality Assurance and quality control, through a wholesaler or retailer as part of an inventory control system and by the user identified prior to use, especially those with visual impairment can be.

The surface the capsule, the container, the Receiving part or the closure part does not need to be printed pretreated.

By a suitable punching of the molds used, either imprinted or imprinted, cast any required pattern into the surface become. Both the imprinted as well as the embossed Variants provide the capsule with different properties and the benefits described herein below. The complexity of the pattern is only due to the practical limitations of mold manufacturing limited.

Thinner areas the walls from different compartments of the capsule container are preferably according to the general elongated Shape of the capsule container arranged longitudinally.

The use of an embossed pattern has many interesting possibilities. For example, gastrointestinal passage from the mouth to the rectum for orally-dispensed, finely-soluble drugs is often too short to allow the active ingredient of a certain orally-dispensed drug to be absorbed, with the result that most of the drug is excreted and thus wasted. However, an injection molding into a suitable pattern provides a way of converting the capsule into, say, acidic conditions prevailing in the stomach - from an integral, sealed container to a perforated one container, from which the contents of the capsule can easily escape as a solution or suspension (more like a tea bag or a metal pouring device) ready.

One such impressed pattern construction may include a capsule of standard shape but with relatively thick walls. Around a suitable portion of the capsule is an arrangement of thin walled ones Einprägeelementen shaped. After the capsule reaches the stomach, it dissolves the thin-walled Elements in the capsule body quickly, leaving the capsule with a grid structure with holes left behind becomes. These holes can be small enough to prevent the contents of the capsule leaves, but big enough be to enable that the dissolution medium enters and makes contact with the contents of the capsule. Like in old times described, can PVOH materials due to variations in molecular weight and Hydrolysis degree selected in such a way be that at different speeds and at different speeds different temperatures in aqueous Solve conditions. This can be done by varying the thickness and the dissolution characteristics the injection molded capsule materials of the body of the capsule are constructed in such a way that he is at a selected Speed, especially in the stomach dissolves or breaks up. After this the capsule solved or broken up, the beads or granules are released, however, only after being in the stomach for a longer duration of up to 12 hours were held. As long as the capsules remain intact with holes, walk not through the sphincter the stomach outlet into the duodenum, until the peristalsis begins.

in the General is for Applications or uses outside of washing the difference the accessibility time to an aqueous environment from one department to another in the range of 1 minute to 12 hours at the same temperature in the range of 5 ° C to 95 ° C.

A different possibility it is a capsule in a relatively sparingly soluble polymeric material - such as High molecular weight PVOH with a high degree of hydrolysis - with a same arrangement of holes (rather than thin-walled soluble elements) to solve and then in a separate process, after filling and Placing the cap to cover the area containing the holes with a relatively soluble Polymer either by spraying or by shrinking or by sticking a soluble Sleeve too to water. It should be noted that such a "covered" perforated capsule either breaks down in the gastrointestinal tract after use after use washed in from the stomach which releases their ingredients or further can be transported to the body in the feces too leave while they still use the active ingredient-bearing beads or the active ingredient-bearing Contains granules (though until then freed from the bulk of the active substance content). The relatively limited soluble polymer used in this case could also an insoluble one Be a polymer - with Of course, that it is both injection-moldable is as well as from the body is tolerated.

On this way, a capsule with an outside diameter between 3 and 6 mm, e.g. contain a variety of beads that are slightly larger than the holes formed in the capsule and on which the finely divided, limited soluble drugs is piled up. The drug dissolves in acidic environments, which prevail in the stomach, only slowly. The capsule may be due to her size in the stomach and consequently the release of the drug in solution form allow for absorption in the stomach and gastrointestinal tract. In this way is the absorption of the limited soluble drug in the gastrointestinal tract elevated, there the pearls for a longer one Time to be kept in the stomach, as if from a gelatin capsule which quickly dissolves with the result that the beads move quickly from the stomach into the small intestine. In the "feed state", units move with the dimensions from bigger than 3 mm not through the sphincter the stomach outlet into the duodenum, as long as the contents are in the stomach. Consequently, he will if one such PVOH capsule taken with the breakfast is kept in the stomach until after dinner when a normal lunch was taken. Was the capsule not dissolved in stomach or broken up, she is flushed from the stomach into the colon, where she either dissolve or can break up or from the body in the fecal matter is eliminated. The overall result is an increased transit time of the drug delivery system from the mouth to the fecal matter and consequently an increased one bioavailability for limited soluble Drug.

The Capsule, which either holes contains or developed while her integrity maintains, can also be used to advantage, so that the beads, the soluble drug and controlled release membranes programmed to that they are from the better absorption of such a drug rather in the small intestine show advantages in the large intestine, stay in the stomach and stay healthy thereby a constant rate of systemic drug input provide.

These pore-containing or pore-developing capsules may be used to deliver two or more drugs to specific areas, each at a controlled relative rate, although the art in conventional form, have different rates of drug absorption or metabolism in other areas of the gastrointestinal tract.

During the oral way for Many of the drug applications using the capsules of the invention are also preferred the rectal and vaginal route, especially those using of perforated capsules, the holes generate in vivo, important.

Of the oral way is generally for limited soluble Medicines and for good drug input control and activation localization suitable.

Of the rectal route is especially for use with perforated capsules, the in vivo holes produce, along with controlled release drugs carrying beads or granules suitable. This grants the Prevention of "first passage metabolism" - some medicines are for oral use Administer especially sensitive. The perforated capsule can the drug at a controlled rate over her Localize in the rectum, so the drug is different as the delivery form of a suppository released locally from the beads or granules in the capsule is going to make a steady localized delivery to the upper hemorrhoidal Vein (unlike the higher middle and upper hemorrhoidal Veins that deliver blood to the liver provide systemic delivery without a "first Durchgangsstoffwechsel "by the liver). If they are not included in the capsule, they would the beads move up into the descending colon and so would their drug content mainly to the medial and upper hemorrhoidal Deliver veins. Consequently, using the rectal route with a perforated capsule, a drug to a patient in a similar, however, more akceptible way than the one given by an intravenous infusion achieved.

Of the vaginal route with a perforated capsule facilitates drug delivery at constant speed, followed by stoppage when the system from the body opening to taken at certain time.

Out others can be used in the preceding examples Selective approaches are developed to speed things up the drug entry through the selected route of product use to maximize and control, providing solutions to many current problems drug delivery to humans and animals.

A another consequence of using an injection molding process is that that the castable Material can easily include one or more additional substances, which has some effect on the way the capsule is added Use behaves - e.g. on their surface properties (and especially their stickiness or liability) or theirs dissolution rate exhibit.

consequently In yet another aspect, the invention provides an injection molded capsule (suitable for use in the oral delivery of a certain active ingredient or some device) prepared from an injection molding material which is one or more particulate hydrophobic solids contains to both the surface tack to reduce as well as increase the density of the capsule, reducing the risk of that the capsule in the esophagus sticks, is reduced.

This overcome one of the problems of the present Hard gelatine capsules - and of those made from any other water-soluble Polymer are made - namely, that when ingested into the mouth, the capsule is in contact with water comes, which then before dissolving the Softening process started and obtained a stickiness of the surface is the problems and interruptions on the capsule route through the esophagus Stomach can cause (which sometimes leads to the release of its contents in the esophagus leads). As indicated, a reduction of this tackiness can be achieved by modifying the castable polymer formulation by adding inert solids in powder form - though Naturally the added solids recommended for ingestion and with the in the capsule containing medical preparation must be compatible.

These Use of added solids provides a more rigid capsule shell a surface Be prepared less directly by the aqueous content in the mouth or in the esophagus is influenced, whereby the surface tackiness during the initial Swallowing is reduced.

In this aspect - the Introduction of a particulate Solid for influencing the stickiness - the solid is very preferably extremely fine with typical particle sizes ranging from 1-50 microns and preferably 5-10 Micron lie. The upper limit is generally a practical one Border for the casting method, however, with an increasing solid particle size, the capsule surface becomes one greater degree of insoluble Solid content and to a lower degree of polymer (partially under the contact surface with the esophagus is hidden).

Materials, which are used to reduce capsule surface tackiness can, are particularly preferably insoluble and preferably hydrophobic.

substances the for suitable for this purpose are talc, stearic acid, magnesium stearate, zinc stearate, Sodium stearate, colloidal silica and magnesium trisilicate, wherein talc and magnesium stearate are particularly preferred.

In In yet another aspect, the invention provides an injection molded capsule (suitable for use in the oral delivery of a certain active ingredient or some device) made of an injection-moldable material is prepared containing one or more particulate solids contains at the dissolution rate the capsule e.g. under the different pH conditions that exist in the gastrointestinal tract to accelerate.

Different as gelatin capsules, sometimes prematurely (especially in older Patients) when they stick in the esophagus and can open capsules of PVOH (in particular) be formulated so that they in the esophagus Do not open, but release their contents only where necessary - i.e. if you have the relevant Reach the target area.

Of the Particulate solid to be introduced into the spray mixture may be a material which is hardly affected in a non-acidic medium, itself however, dissolves quickly in an acidic medium so that it becomes possible that the capsule contains its contents e.g. releases in the stomach. In another Ausfühungsform The solid material can be one that is relatively acidic in an acidic medium insoluble is relatively soluble in a neutral environment, so it makes possible is that the capsule contents e.g. released in the lower small intestine and in the colon becomes.

The simple resolution of the solid in the selected one Medium is sufficient to significantly accelerate capsule breakup especially if a gas is also formed when the caused physical movement to an almost immediate one Release of the contents from the capsule leads.

such Of course, solids are subject to the same restrictions access and compatibility as above. The solids used to accelerate the dissolution rate of the capsule container can be used are preferably the bicarbonate and carbonate salts of the alkali metal and alkaline earth metals, typically of sodium, potassium, magnesium and calcium, all of which are salts containing carbon dioxide gas Purpose of the bubbling can release.

Of the Solid is very preferably extremely finely divided, typical particle sizes being in the range of 1-25 microns and preferably 5-10 Micron lie.

Materials, for influencing the capsule dissolution rate in one non-acidic medium (e.g., in the lower intestine or in the colon) can be however, without being affected by an acidic medium (e.g., in the stomach) are particularly preferred solid acid substances with carbon or sulfonic acid groups or salts thereof. Substances that are suitable for this purpose are cinnamic acid, Tartaric acid, Mandelic, fumaric acid, Maleic acid, malic acid, pamoic acid, citric acid and naphthalenedisulfonic as free acids or as their alkali or alkaline earth metal salts, with tartaric acid, citric acid and cinnamic acid in the form of acids or their alkali metal salts are particularly preferred.

One the biggest practical Problems of current hard gelatin capsules is their ability to to absorb static electric charge. Take such capsules in their manufacture quickly a high static charge on what the effect is that they do not just stick together and at all other non-polar surfaces but also stick particles of foreign material out of their own Attract surroundings. It also means that the capsules are hard too to fill are and that their surfaces must be treated immediately before printing.

This phenomenon is for some castable polymers, but not for PVOH usual, not only soluble, ingestible, castable and weldable is but in addition also carries no static charge, which can cause the above problems. Consequently, there is one another consequence of using an injection molding process therein, that the castable Material in terms of its ability to static To pick up and hold cargo, or it can be selected or several additional ones Include substances That may have some effect on the way the capsule is behaves in this regard having.

consequently In another aspect, this invention provides an injection molded capsule (suitable for use in the delivery of a drug or a Device to the human or animal body) ready which is made of materials that are not static take up.

The capsule of the invention is one which, when used to deliver some drug or device to the human body or animal body, in the body dissolves to release its contents therein. The term "dissolve" is used here in a fairly general sense to mean that the capsule crumbles, decomposes, blasts or disperses, and does not actually dissolve, though it becomes most common.

A different possibility is it, a capsule, a container or a receiving part in a relatively soluble Polymer material such as a high molecular weight PVOH with a high degree of hydrolysis with a similar Arrangement of holes (rather as thin-walled soluble To pour elements) and then in a separate process after filling and capping, the holes containing region with a relatively soluble polymer either by spray on or by shrinking or sticking a soluble sleeve to cover. The relatively limited soluble polymer used in this case could even an insoluble one Be a polymer - with the proviso Naturally, that it is injection-moldable is.

A another consequence of the use of an injection molding process in that the castable Material can easily include one or more additional substances, which has some effect on the way the capsule is used behaves - e.g. on the dissolution rate having.

consequently In yet another aspect, the invention provides a container, e.g. a relatively large s / n Injection capsule container, pickup part, capsule or closure part ready, the / the made of an injection-moldable Material is made containing one or more particulate solids contains at the dissolution rate of the container to accelerate. This solid can also be found in the contents of the container, receiving part or the capsule present.

The simple resolution of the solid in the selected one Medium is sufficient to significantly accelerate container break-up to effect, especially if a gas is generated when the caused physical movement to almost immediate release content from the container leads.

The closest solids for For this purpose, the bicarbonate and carbonate salts of the alkali metal and alkaline earth metals, typically of sodium, potassium, magnesium and calcium.

Of the Solid is very preferably extremely finely divided, typical particle sizes being in the range of 1 to 20 μm and preferably 5 to 10 μm lie.

Other Materials used to influence the capsule dissolution rate can, are particularly preferably solid acidic substances with carbon or Sulfonic acid groups or Salts thereof. Substances for cinnamic acid, tartaric acid, mandelic acid, fumaric acid, maleic acid, malic acid, pamoic acid, citric acid and naphthalenedisulfonic as free acids or their alkali or alkaline earth metal salts, with tartaric acid, citric acid and cinnamic acid in the form of acids or their alkali metal salts are particularly preferred.

Of the container or the capsule of the present invention may be any composition which is intended to be released when the container in an aquatic environment is given.

consequently he can e.g. a fabric care, surface care or dishwashing composition contain. A fabric care composition is any composition, in the field of tissue care such as tissue washing, tissue treatment or dyeing method used becomes. A surface care composition is any composition used in the field of surface care, e.g. used for cleaning, treating or polishing a surface becomes. Suitable surfaces are e.g. household surfaces like worktops as well as surfaces of sanitary ware like sinks, sinks and Toilets. A dishwashing composition is any composition used in the field of dishwashing is like a dishwashing, Water softener- or rinse aid composition.

Examples for such Compositions are dishwashing, water softening, washing, Detergent and rinse aid compositions. In this case, the composition is especially for use in a household washing machine like a clothes washing machine or a dishwasher suitable. Other examples are disinfecting, antibacterial and antiseptic compositions, e.g. those who are intended to be diluted with water before use, or a concentrated one refill, e.g. For a pressure spray that is used in household situations. A such a composition can simply be added to water, that already contained in the spray container is.

The container may be used to contain any composition. Desirably, the composition has a mass of at least 10 g or 15 g, eg 10 g or 15 g to 100 g, in particular 10 g to 15 g to 40 g. For example, a dishwashing composition may be 10 g or 15 g to 20 g, a water hardener composition 15 g to 35 g and a washing composition 10 g to 40 g, 20 g to 40 g or 30 g to 40 g weigh.

Of the container may also be e.g. a detergent, pesticide, biocide, deodorant, dye, Pigment or water treatment chemical. He can e.g. Detergents or water treatment chemicals to a washing machine submit.

For pharmaceutical or nutrient applications or uses is the typical mass of the contents of the capsule container in the Range from 10 mg to 15 g, preferably 50 mg to 1 g.

For others Uses as medicines, nutrients or for washing, the typical mass of the contents of the capsule container is in Range from 1 g to 100 g, preferably 2 g to 50 g.

in the Generally, especially when used in a household environment, is the maximum degree of container 5 cm. For example, a cuboid container may have a length of 1 to 5 cm, in particular 3.5 to 4.5 cm, a width of 1.5 to 3.5 cm, in particular 2 to 3 cm and a height from 1 to 2 m, in particular 1.25 to 1.75 cm.

The The composition contained in the capsule can e.g. any one be that for the particular application, e.g. a clothes washing or dishwashing application suitable is. It can be a powder or a liquid, but it is one Liquid, it may be a low water content formulation, preferably with a maximum water content of 5% by weight to the integrity of the walls of the Maintain a capsule, or a formulation with a higher water content, e.g. containing at least 8% by weight of water. The composition can be formulated in the light of the fact that the user whether by inhalation or by skin contact with the composition does not come in contact. For example, the composition may be Include enzyme, without consideration of body contact between the enzyme-containing composition and the user.

Does the container contain a aqueous liquid with a relatively high water content, it may be necessary to take steps to ensure, that the liquid the water-soluble Polymer does not attack when in cold water (20 ° C) or water at a temperature of up to, say, 35 ° C is soluble. Steps can be taken be, the inner surfaces of the container e.g. by coating it with agents such as PVdC (poly (vinylidene chloride)) or PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene) or the composition adapt to ensure that it will not dissolve the polymer. For example, it was found that the warranty that the composition has a high ionic strength or contains a means which minimizes water loss through the walls of the container prevents that the composition dissolves the polymer from the inside. This is more detailed in EP-A-518,689 and WO 97/27743.

The in the container contained composition hangs Naturally from the intended use of the composition. she can e.g. surfactants Agents such as an anionic, nonionic, cationic, and ampotheres or zwitterionic surfactant Means or mixtures thereof included.

Examples of anionic surfactants are straight-chain or branched alkyl sulfates and alkyl polyalkoxylated sulfates, also known as alkyl ether sulfates. Such surfactants can be prepared by the sulfation of higher C ₈ -C ₂₀ fatty alcohols.

Examples of primary alkylsurfactants are those of the formula ROSO ₃ ^- M ⁺ wherein R is a linear C ₈ -C ₂₀ hydrocarbyl group and M is a water-dissolving cation. Preferably, RC is C ₁₀ -C ₁₆ , for example C ₁₂ -C ₁₄ alkyl, and M is an alkali metal such as lithium, sodium or potassium.

Examples of secondary alkyl surface active sulfates are those having the sulfate moiety on a "backbone" of the molecule, eg those of the formula CH ₂ (CH ₂ ) _n (CHOSO ₃ ^- M ⁺ ) (CH ₂ ) _m CH ₃ wherein m and n are independently 2 or more, the sum of m + n is typically 6 to 20, eg 9 to 15, and M is a water-donating cation such as lithium, sodium or potassium.

Particularly preferred secondary alkyl sulfates are (2,3) -alkyl sulfates of the formula CH ₂ (CH ₂ ) _x (CHOSO ₃ ^- M ⁺ ) CH ₃ and CH ₃ (CH ₂ ) _x (CHOSO ₃ ^- M +) CH ₂ CH ₃ , for the 2-sulfate or the 3-sulfate. In these formulas, x is at least 4, eg 6 to 20, preferably 10 to 16. M is a cation such as an alkali metal, eg lithium, sodium or potassium.

Examples of alkoxylated alkyl sulfates are ethoxylated alkyl sulfates of the formula: RO (C ₂ H ₄ O) _n SO ₃ ^- M ⁺ wherein R is a C ₈ -C ₂₀ -, preferably C ₁₀ -C ₁₈ - such as C ₁₂ -C ₁₆ alkyl group, M is at least 1, for example 1 to 20, preferably 1 to 15, in particular 1 to 6 and M is a salt-forming Cation such as lithium, sodium, potassium, ammonium, alkylammonium or alkanolammonium. These compounds can provide particularly desired fabric cleaning performance benefits when used in combination with alkyl sulfates.

The Alkyl sulfates and alkyl ether sulfates are generally in the form of mixtures used, the varying alkyl chain lengths and, if present, include varying degrees of alkoxylation.

Other anionic surfactants which may be used, salts of fatty acids, for example C _8-C18 fatty acids, especially the sodium, potassium or alkanolammonium salts, and alkyl, for example C _8-18, benzene sulfonates.

Examples of nonionic surfactants are fatty acid alkoxylates such as fatty acid ethoxylates, especially those of the formula: RO (C ₂ H ₄ O) _n OH wherein R is a straight or branched C ₈ -C _{1 6} alkyl group, preferably a C ₉ -C ₁₅ -, for example C ₁₀ -C ₁₄ or C ₁₂ -C ₁₄ alkyl group and n is at least 1, for example 1 to 16, preferably 2 to 12, more preferably 3 to 10.

The nonionic surfactant alkoxylated fatty alcohols often have a hydrophilic-lipophilic Equilibrium (HLB) ranging from 3 to 17, more preferred 6 to 15, more preferably 10 to 15.

Examples of fatty alcohol ethoxylates are those made from alcohols having 12 to 15 carbon atoms and containing about 7 moles of ethylene oxide. Such materials are sold commercially under the trademarks Neodol 25-7 and Neodol 23-6.5 by Shell Chemical Company. Other useful neodols include Neodol 1-5, an ethoxylated fatty alcohol having an average of 11 carbon atoms in its alkyl chain with about 5 moles of ethylene oxide; Neodol 23-9, an ethoxylated primary C ₁₂ -C ₁₃ alcohol containing about 9 moles of ethylene oxide; and Neodol 91-10, an ethoxylated primary C ₉ -C ₁₁ alcohol containing about 10 moles of ethylene oxide.

Alcohol ethoxylates of this type have also been marketed by Shell Chemical Company under the Dobanol brand. Dobanol 91-5 is an ethoxylated C ₉ -C ₁₁ fatty alcohol with an average of 5 moles of ethylene oxide, and Dobanol 25-7 is an ethoxylated C ₁₂ -C ₁₅ fatty alcohol with an average of 7 moles of ethylene oxide per mole of fatty alcohol.

Other examples of suitable nonionic ethoxylated ethoxylated alcohols include Tergitol 15-S-7 and Tergitol 15-S-9, both of which are linear secondary alcohol ethoxylates available from Union Carbide Corporation. Tergitol 15-S-7 is a mixed ethoxylated product of a linear secondary C ₁₁ -C ₁₅ alcohol with 7 moles of ethylene oxide, and Tergitol 15-S-9 is the same but with 9 moles of ethylene oxide.

Other suitable ethoxylated nonionic surfactant alcohols are Neodol 45-11, a similar one Ethylene oxide condensation product of a fatty alcohol having 14 to 15 Is carbon atoms and a number of ethylene oxide groups per mol of about 11. Such products are also of Shell Chemical Company available.

Further nonionic surfactants are, for example, C ₁₀ -C ₁₈ -alkylpolyglycosides, such as C ₁₂ -C ₁₆ -alkylpolyglycosides, in particular the polyglucosides. These are particularly useful when high foaming compositions are desired. Other surfactants are polyhydroxy fatty acid amides such as C ₁₀ -C ₁₈ N- (3-methoxypropyl) glycamides and Pluron-type ethylene oxide-propylene oxide block polymers.

Examples for cationic surfactants are those of the Quaternary Ammonium type.

Examples of ampothere surfactants are C ₁₀ -C ₁₈ amine oxides and the C ₁₂ -C ₁₈ betaines and sulfobetaines.

Of the Total content of surfactants in the washing or detergent composition is desirably 60 to 95% by weight, in particular 75 to 90% by weight. Desirably lies an anionic surfactant Agent in an amount of 50 to 75 wt .-%, the nonionic surfactant Agent in an amount of 5 to 20 wt .-%, the cationic surface-active In an amount of 0 to 10 wt .-% and / or the ampothere surfactants Agent in an amount of 0 to 10 wt .-% before. These quantities are based on the total solids content of the composition, i. only water, if present.

Dishwashing compositions usually include a detergent builder. Suitable builders are alkali metal or ammonium phosphates, polyphosphates, phosphonates, polyphosphonates, carbonates, bicarbonates, borates, -po lyhydroxysulfonates, polyacetates, carboxylates such as citrates and other polycarboxylates. The builder is desirably present in an amount of up to 90% by weight, preferably 15 to 90% by weight, more preferably 15 to 75% by weight, based on the total weight of the composition. Further details about suitable constituents are given, for example, in EP-A-694,059, EP-A-518,720 and WO 99/06522.

The Compositions can especially when used as laundry or dishwashing compositions also include enzymes such as protease, lipase, amylase and cellulase enzymes. Such enzymes are commercially available and are described e.g. under the registered trademarks Esperase, Alcalase, Savinase, Termamyl, Lipolase and Celluzyme sold by Novo Nordisk A / S. Desirably lie the enzymes in the composition in an amount of 0.5 to 3 wt .-%, in particular 1 to 2 wt .-% before.

The Compositions can, if desired, a thickener or gelling agent. suitable Thickeners are polyacrylate polymers such as those listed under brand CARBOPOL or brand ACUSOL from Rohm and Hass Company to be expelled. Other suitable thickeners are xanthan gums. The thickener, if present, is generally in in an amount of 0.2 to 4% by weight, in particular 0.2 to 2% by weight in front.

The Compositions can optionally also include one or more additional ingredients. Close this conventional Detergent composition ingredients such as other surfactants Agents, bleaching, bleach-boosting agents, Builders, foam boosters or suds suppressors, tarnish and anti-corrosion agents, organic solvents, co-solvents, Phase stabilizers, emulsifiers, preservatives, soil suspending agents, Dirt releasing agent, germicidal Agents, phosphates such as sodium tripolyphosphate or potassium tirpolyphosphate, pH adjusting agents or buffers, sources of alkalinity in which it is is not a builder, Chelating agents, clays such as smectite clays, enzyme stabilizers, anti-limescale agents, Colorants, dyes, hydrotropes, dye transfer inhibitors, brighteners and perfumes one.

If used such optional ingredients do not constitute more than 10% by weight, e.g. 1 to 6 wt .-% of the total weight of the compositions.

The builders counteract the effects of calcium or other ion, the water hardness encountered during the washing or bleaching use of the compositions herein. Examples of such materials are citrate, succinate, malonate, carboxymethyl succinate, carboxylate, polycarboxlate and polyacetyl carboxylate salts, for example with alkali metal or alkaline earth metal cations, or the corresponding free acids. Specific examples are sodium, potassium and lithium salts of oxydisuccinic acid mellitic acid, benzene polycarboxylic acids, C ₁₀ -C ₂₀ fatty acids and citric acid. Other examples are phosphonate-type organic sequestering agents such as those sold by Monsanto under the trademark Dequest, and alkyl hydroxyphosphonates. Citrate salts and C ₁₂ -C ₁₈ fatty acid soaps are preferred.

Other suitable builders are polymers and copolymers known to be Builder properties exhibit. For example, close Such materials suitable polyacrylic acid, polymaleic acid and Polyacrylic / polymaleine and copolymers and their salts such as those which are sold by BASF under the trademark Sokalan.

The builders generally form 0 to 3% by weight, more preferably 0.1 to 1% by weight. of the compositions.

compositions which include an enzyme can optionally, materials are obtained which maintain the stability of the enzyme. Such enzyme stabilizers include e.g. Polyols such as propylene glycol, boric acid and Borax. Combinations of these enzyme stabilizers can also be used. If used, form the enzyme stabilizers generally 0.1 to 1% by weight of the compositions.

The compositions may optionally comprise materials which serve as phase stabilizers and / or cosolvents. Examples are C ₁ -C ₃ -alcohols or -diols such as methanol, ethanol, propanol and 1,2-propanediol. C ₁ -C ₃ -alcoholamines such as mono-, di- and triethanolamines and monoisoporpanolamine can also be used by themselves or in combination with the alcohols.

If the composition in liquid form is present, it may be anhydrous or e.g. up to 5% by weight of water contain. aqueous Compositions generally contain more than 8% by weight of water based on the weight of the aqueous Composition. Desirably included the watery Compositions more than 10 wt .-%, 15 wt .-%, 20 wt .-%, 25 wt .-% or 30% by weight of water, but desirably less as 80% by weight of water, stronger desired less as 70% by weight, 60% by weight, 50% by weight or 40% by weight of water. You can e.g. 30 to 65 wt .-% water.

The Compositions can optionally comprise ingredients which maximize the pH of the compositions Keep tuned or hold it. Examples of pH adjusting Agents are NaOH and Citric Acid. The pH may vary depending on the nature of the composition, e.g. 1 to 13 as 8 to 11 amount. For example, a dishwashing composition desirably one pH of 8 to 11, a washing composition desirably one pH of 7 to 9 and a water softening composition desirably one pH from 7 to 9 on.

The Composition such as a washing composition in the container, the Capsule or the receiving part or in a section thereof, if more Being a department does not have to be uniform. For example, during the First making a fixable agent, e.g. one in a washing process useful Gel and then fed another material. The first material could be slowly in the washing process, so his charge over a long period of time is given in the washing process. This could e.g. to be useful, by a delayed or prolonged release of a plasticizer in a clothes washing capsule provide.

The Composition, such as a washing composition, in particular for washing dishes or washing a tablet. Preferably contains one Tablet a useful in the washing process Material and is formulated so that during a washing process a slow release of this material and / or sustained release provided thereof. Delayed release may be due to Provide the tablet with a slow during the washing process be solved Coating can be achieved. In another embodiment The tablet can be a quick release of early in the wash required components e.g. of water softener components and / or Provide enzymes. The tablet may e.g. a disintegrant like one, which bubbles on contact with water, such as a combination of citric acid and an alkali metal carbonate or bicarbonate.

A Tablet can be in one main volume of the receiving part or in one as described above outwardly facing opening or depression to be provided.

has a washing capsule of the invention a tablet, which in a after outwards pointing opening or depression, the tablet is preferably one, which does not transfer any washing composition to the hands of a user. To the For example, you can use a soluble Polymer material to be coated. As mentioned above she also for a delayed one Release of their charge desired be. Is it desirable that the tablet dissolves quickly, can it be e.g. include a disintegrant such as an effervescent.

According to one Another aspect of the invention is a method for washing Goods provided comprising the use of a as above described and defined container, receptacle or washing capsule, the method comprising introducing the container, the Recording or washing capsule in a laundry washing machine such as a laundry washing machine or dishwasher before Beginning of the washing process conditionally, the container, the receiving or washing capsule during the Washing completely consumed.

The invention also provides a capsule - ie a container for the relevant ingredients, which container is present in at least two parts (a body part and a cap part) which fit tightly and preferably sealingly and inseparably to form a compartment in which the ingredient to be dispensed is kept. In one example - see 11A In the accompanying drawings, the capsule may comprise a body and a cap, each provided with a central, axially parallel partition so that the capsule as a whole has two separate compartments. In another example, the capsule may have three parts - a body, a first cap, and then a second cap that fits onto the closed end of either the body or the first cap, thus again providing a capsule with two separate compartments. And if there are two or three such parts (or more, four parts - one body and three caps - making three compartments, etc.), of course, the ingredients in each compartment may be the same or different.

The Capsule of the invention is one that can be found in the particular aqueous Medium dissolves, to release its content in it. The term "solve" here is in a fairly general one Senses used to mean that the capsule crumbles, decomposes, blasted or dispersed; she does not really have to break, though she will in most cases.

The The invention will now be further described by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings Drawings are described, wherein:

1 is a perspective view, generally from above, of an arrangement of receiving parts;

2 a perspective view, generally from above, an arrangement of another off guide of receiving parts is;

3 a perspective view of some of the in 2 shown parts, but viewed from the bottom, is generally;

4 a perspective view, generally from above, of a third embodiment of the receiving part;

5 a perspective view, generally from above, of the embodiment of 4 but filled with a washing composition and sealed by a closure member to form a washing capsule of the invention;

6 a perspective view from above, a fourth embodiment of the receiving part; and

7 a perspective view from below of receiving parts of the in 6 is shown type;

8A Figure 3 shows longitudinal cross-sections of a capsule container of the invention in its open or closed state;

9 the closed capsule container of 8B however, in a perspective view;

10A Figure 3 shows longitudinal cross-sections of capsule containers with two and three compartments of the invention;

11A And B show cross-sections, respectively, longitudinally and transversely of another capsule container with two compartments of the invention;

12 shows a section through the wall of a solid-filled polymer capsule container of the invention;

13A M show various different forms of pouring on and into the surface of capsule containers of the invention.

1 shows an arrangement of eight receiving parts 2 , which are arranged in the form of two columns and four rows. Each receiving part has a flat base wall without recesses or depressions and four upright side walls and no top wall, thus each receiving part is open at the top. To its opening is at the upper part of the side walls 4 there is an outwardly directed flange 6 which extends around the entire opening. The receiving parts are adjacent to receiving parts by tissue 8th between the flanges 6 connected. The flanges 6 All recording parts lie in one plane. The base walls of all receiving parts are also in a position parallel to the plane in which the flanges lie.

The The arrangement shown in the drawing is made by injection molding. That in this embodiment used thermoplastic polymer is polyvinyl alcohol and is translucent. The wall thickness is about 0.7 mm. The resulting cast arrangement is self-supporting.

After injection, scribe lines can enter the tissues 8th cut between the flanges to assist in breaking off the washing capsules for use.

The pouring assembly is fed to a filling zone where the receiving parts are simultaneously filled via eight nozzles with a dishwashing composition. The dishwashing composition could be a powder, gel or paste or could be a liquid formulation. If one is a liquid, it may be a liquid formulation having a relatively low water content, eg, 2 to 5 wt%, which provides the properties of the polymer. In another embodiment, the water content could be higher, for example, up to 60% or even 80% by weight unless the PVOH is attacked by the composition. Such steps are described above. A transparent cover sheet is then placed on the assembly and against the flanges 6 heat-sealed such that each receiving part has an attached closure part above. The closure member is also made of polyvinyl alcohol, but is much thinner, about 80 microns in this embodiment.

Although the film forming the closure parts is robust, it is clear that it is generally less robust than the receiving parts. In this case, the capsules may be brought into face-to-face contact before packaging the product. An arrangement of washing capsules identical to that of the drawing can be brought into facing contact therewith. In another embodiment and conveniently, the arrangement shown in the drawing around the line AA, shown in FIG 1 to be folded.

The Drawing illustrates the invention, but is in practice an arrangement of receiving parts probably much larger. Nevertheless would be that Production process as described.

When used, a user simply breaks a washing capsule off the assembly and places them in the dishwasher. During the washing process, the entire washing capsule dissolves. The first part to be released is generally the closure part. This can happen very quickly, after the washing process is started and the washing composition is dispensed immediately. The receiving part generally dissolves more slowly, but is completely dissolved at the end of the washing process.

The 2 and 3 show an alternative embodiment of the receiving parts. The in the 2 and 3 shown receiving parts have a similar shape and size as those in 1 However, in the main chamber, which is defined by the base wall and the side walls of each Aufnah meteils, have a generally cylindrical upstand 10 in the middle position. Each upstand is open at its upper end and its upper end is in the same plane as the flange 6 ,

As in 3 each receiving part also has a recess 12 in a central position in its base wall. The recess is relatively flat and agrees with the upstand 10 that is supported by the base wall on its outside. Each well contains one tablet in it 14 , Each tablet contains a washing composition or material which forms part of a washing composition but is formulated for rapid release, slow release and / or sustained release. For slow release, it may be a tablet that dissolves over a longer period of time. For sustained release, it may be a tablet coated with a polymer coating that dissolves slowly, releasing its charge in the middle or at the end of a wash cycle.

Another difference between the embodiment of 2 and those of 1 is that in the embodiment of 2 a variety of tearable tissues 16 of polymeric material extending between the flanges and adjacent receiving portions.

The in the 2 and 3 In turn, the arrangement shown is made by injection molding using HPMC polymer with a wall thickness of about 0.8 mm, although PVOH, for example, may also be used. The tablets 14 be in the wells 12 placed in the undersides of the base walls in interference fit. The assembly is then turned over to fill. The upstands 10 are filled with a material and the remaining volumes between the upstands and the side walls for the respective receiving parts then filled with a different material. A cover sheet is then placed over the assembly ge and against the flanges 6 and against the ends of the upstands 10 heat-sealed such that each receiving part has a closure part above it. The closure part consists of about 70 micron thick HPMC. Again, for example, PVOH can also be used.

The in the 4 and 5 illustrated embodiment is similar to that of 2 and 3 in that it has an upstand. However, the remaining volume of the receiving part is by means of the walls 18 . 20 which extend from the upstand in opposite directions and are each connected to a respective side wall of the receiving part, divided into two. It is clear that the receiving part comprises three main chambers, the contents are released after the release of the closure part in the wash water. A chamber 22 is defined in the upstand, and the other chambers 24 . 26 have an identical size with each other and are defined between the upstand and the side walls. The underside of the receiving part can be like the embodiment of 2 and 3 comprise a central depression into which a tablet is pressed. The receiving parts are molded in an assembly by injection molding.

5 shows a washing capsule, the in 4 shown receiving part used. The receiving part was then filled with three different materials useful in a dishwashing cycle, and a cover sheet is shown attached.

The embodiment of the 6 and 7 is easier than the one of 2 to 5 , The receiving part shown has no central upstand. There is a main volume. However, the underside of the base wall is molded with a depression, and a tablet is press-fitted into this depression. In the embodiment of the 6 and 7 For example, the main chamber of the receiving part may be filled with two or more gels, which for example remain separate side by side or are present together or in the form of separate strips. The receiving parts of the 6 and 7 can be formed in an array by vacuum forming.

In the embodiments of the 4 to 7 are the materials selected for the female parts and closure parts and their thicknesses as for the embodiment of FIG 1 described.

8th shows a two-part capsule container with a section of the invention in its open and its closed form.

The body ( 111 ) and the cap ( 112 ) are welded together and made such that the open end ( 111 ) from one part to the open end ( 112a ) of the other part with the smallest gap that can be practically achieved to form a light assembly runs. There is a "stop" - a ridge ( 111b ), which is completely around the outside of the body 111 running, with a groove ( 112b ) completely around the inside of the cap 112 running, working together - so that one part's entry can not overflow the other in a set position and definitely stops in the same.

Lie the two halves or covers 111 . 112 in closed position (as in 8B ) by placing the entire periphery of the open end 111 of the body 111 through the periphery of the open end 112a the cap 112 is overlapped, the capsule container is ready for welding. The welding apparatus (not shown) forms a weld ( 113 ) between the two layers around the entire periphery of the container.

The 10 and 11 show different types of capsule containers according to the invention with several compartments.

In 10 the container consists of two or more parts (three in 10A , four are in 10B but several could be present) - in each case a single cap part ( 132 ) and several body parts (like 131 ) are present. The exterior of the body part 131 is largely the same as an "ordinary" body part (as in 8th ), however, every interior is at its "outer" end ( 131c ) designed so that it fits tightly into the open mouth of the next body part, mostly like the body 111 in 8th in the cap 112 fits.

As shown (in 10A ), if the first (outer) body part 131 filled with product A, then with the second (inner) body part 131 be sealed in it. The second part of the body 131 can then be filled with product B, the cap 132 put in position and the three parts are welded together at the same time.

11 shows a capsule container with body ( 141 ) and cap ( 142 ), two departments side by side ( 11B shows a cross section on the line AA in 11A ). Of course, the two departments can contain different products (A and B).

The number of separate chambers, either linear (see 10 ) or side by side in the body part (see 11 ) is theoretically not limited. Of course, limitations are imposed by practical manufacturing issues.

In 12 Figure 3 is a section through the wall of a solid filled polymeric capsule container of the invention.

Inert solids in powder form were added to the polymer formulation prior to casting. This provides a more rigid shell. In particular, it provides a more rigid capsule shell having a surface that is less directly affected by the water content of the mouth or esophagus, thereby reducing surface tackiness during initial swallowing. The capsule surface is to a significant degree of the particulate insoluble solid ingredient (such as 154 ) produced; the soluble polymer ( 155 ) is partially below the contact surface ( 156 ).

13 etc. show various different molds on the surface of capsule containers of the invention, some in the form of cross-sections.

These are themselves eklar and need only a little comment. 13A For example, Figure F shows a capsule container with longitudinal raised ribs while 13B one with lateral (or circumferential) raised ribs and 13E showing one with helical ribs. 13C , H shows a container with raised pimples while 13C , I shows one with enhanced identification coding patterns. The 13G , J, K, L, and M show variant analogs to some of the others, but more with imprints than with elevated parts.

The The invention will be further explained in the following examples.

examples

Example 1:

Production of capsules by injection molding and laser welding

The casting stage

Capsules according to the invention were made by injection molding using an injection molding machine of the type Arborg 220D (35 tons). The injection cavities were located yourself in a water-cooled Composite double impression stainless steel mold (Cap / body). The PVOH had a material melt flow index of 10-20 grams per 10 minutes (DIN 53735).

The Spray temperatures were 175, 180, 180 and 185 ° C in the Feed, Zone 2 and 3, and in the nozzle areas. The injection pressure the first stage was 400 psi (.....) and the pressure in the holding stage was 270 psi (......). The pressure dwell time was 3 seconds in the first level and 5 seconds in the hold level. The mold temperatures were between ambient temperature and 40 ° C.

The casting pressures were just sufficient to fill the cavities at the first pressure stage and then sufficient packaging pressure to to hold her at the second stage. The mold opening and closing speeds were as fast as possible.

As stated, the mold layout was divided into two halves, with one half Capsule bases and the other half Capsule caps poured. After the mold opening sequence, two took robotically controlled loading plates pneumatically each capsule half of every tool surface on. With identical cavity spacing centers, these loading plates became brought into contact with each other such that each capsule half in such a way localized was that ordinary temporary To obtain localization of the pair ready for automatic filling has been.

The filling level

To For testing purposes, the capsules were hand-made with various test materials (see below) filled.

The welding stage

The closed capsule is placed in a transparent tube with an inside diameter not more than 20% larger than the outside diameter the capsule introduced. An array of diodes is circumferentially around the outside of the pipe isolated. Running the capsule through the diode array, a weld is formed. The speed of the capsule and the power of the diode array emitted IR provide the necessary control ready for fusion. The IR emission is either continuous or discontinuously. In the case of a discontinuous emission is this by synchronizing the distance depending on the shape of the weld, the for the Sensitivity of the contents of the capsule for IR is achieved.

are the properties of the material contained in the capsule in such a way that they absorb IR is such a shift of the laser needed that the irradiation with IR is limited to the area of the connection. This is done by an electrical shift or in another embodiment by a form of optical displacement using a Lenses / prism assembly causes. To master The difficulty of synchronization will turn into an optical one Fiber used to deliver the IR to restrict the irradiation area.

Example 2:

Production of capsules using laser welding

In a laser welding step another embodiment For example, the laser or other IR source is arranged such that the connection area is focused. This does not form a complete weld of the Scope, but a Punktverschweißung. Again, the Laser continuously. By forcing the filled capsules to do so to roll (by mechanical means) while being irradiated with the laser Become a complete welding of the scope. In another embodiment, the optical Fiber used to deliver the IR to the junction.

test results

PVOH capsules prepared in the manner described in Example 1 above were filled with either sugar or tea leaves. They were built that they had a cap part that dissolves rather than the body, and consequently the capsule progressively opens.

Equally was also a number of conventional ones Gelastine capsules made and filled.

in the Test was a capsule in the mouth of a subject (in the cheek space) and asked the testpeson to write down if he / she wants that Perceives taste of the content - hence when the capsule was "opened", and then when the capsule completely solved was.

It gave two subjects, and each test was performed twelve times (for each filling).

The usual Gelatine capsules opened within 3-4 Minutes and solved completely within 5-8 Minutes. The sugar-filled PVOH capsules of the invention opened within 8-12 Minutes while it with the tea filled longer lasted - 14-18 minutes. A complete resolution lasted 30-40 Minutes in each case.

Claims (10)

Capsule container, used for dispensing detergents to a washing machine can be, with the capsule container is made of a material that has been injection molded, and at least partially soluble in the intended aqueous site. capsule container according to claim 1, wherein the container in two pieces; a body part and a cap part. Capsule container according to claim 2, wherein the body part and the cap part different Di have. capsule container according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the body part and the cap part by welding are connected. capsule container according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the capsule container PVOH (polyvinyl alcohol) includes. A capsule according to claim 5, wherein the PVOH is so modified is that he has their dissolution rate affected. A capsule according to claim 6, wherein the PVOH is a particulate solid to influence his resolution contains. capsule container according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the capsule contents in powder, liquid, Granules, Liquid, Gel or suspension form is present. capsule container according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the capsule container at least includes two departments. capsule container according to claim 9, wherein the compartments of the capsule container with filled with different compositions.