DE19963486A1 - Adjustment mechanism to set one component against another has two toothed cogwheels and an input shaft with toothed splines and splined planet wheels for a simple adjustment action with precise positioning - Google Patents

Abstract

The mechanism for an adjustment setting between two components has at least one adjustment cogwheel (1) with a toothed zone (5) and a further cogwheel (2) with a toothed area (6). An input shaft (3) is toothed with splines (14), and at least two planetary cogwheels (10a-10d) have toothed splines (15,16). The teeth (1) of the first cogwheel (1) mesh with one set of planetary splines (15) and the other cogwheel teeth (6) mesh with the other set of planetary splines (16). The splines (14) of the input shaft (3) mesh either with the planetary splines (16) of each planet wheel (10a-1d) or the teeth of the first and second cogwheels. The tooth count at the teeth (5,6) of the two cogwheels (1,2) differ from each other and/or the planetary tooth splines (15,16) have different tooth counts.

Description

The invention relates to a seat back adjustment device for Adjusting a seat back against a seat bottom. Derarti ge seat back adjusters are especially for strength Vehicle seats used to adjust the backrest angle in one of those To be able to set the user selected position.

For such seat back adjustment devices are in particular Rotary adjustments with eccentric drive are known. Here is an au External gear with a smaller diameter and smaller toughness Number in an internally toothed gear with a larger diameter and larger number of teeth attached, the externally toothed tooth wheel with the help of an eccentric axis constantly with the larger, outer Gear remains firmly toothed and when the eccentric axis rotates leads to a relative angle adjustment.

Such seat back adjustment devices with eccentric drive he generally only allow a service with relatively high Torques of e.g. B. 4 to 6 nanometers. Furthermore, the Seat back adjustment not only rotated or turned the seat back works, but due to the eccentric drive in one rope led movement.  

DE 197 29 562 A1 shows a seat back adjustment for one Motor vehicle seat in which the adjustment of the backrest by ezen trical turning of a gear in a ring gear by Ver push a pair of wedges in a slide bearing Gap occurs. To reduce the required adjustment forces or torques are the sliding surfaces with a lubricating varnish and an ad causing a plastic deformation of the sliding surfaces ditatively provided.

Lubrication of this type can certainly reduce the amount of ringing tion of frictional forces and therefore the required torque tes can be achieved, but the effort involved is considerable and leads to high production costs. Furthermore, one correspondingly complex sealing of the lubricated sliding surfaces against dust and moisture. Even with good smith tion, relatively high torques are still necessary also an eccentric adjustment of the seat back along one Tumbling takes place.

The invention is based, compared to the state of the task Technology to create improvements and especially with relative a reliable, easy-to-use seat backrest to create adjustment.

This task is accomplished by a seat back adjustment device Adjustment of a seat back compared to a seat bottom reached with a z. B. on the seat lower part of the first adjustable wheel with a first internal toothing, a z. B. on the seat back attachable second adjusting gear with a second inner ver toothing, a shaft for operation by a user, the kon centrically through the first adjustment wheel and the second adjustment gear runs and on the outer circumference a shaft outer toothing is formed, and at least two planet gears each have a first external toothing and one axially to the first Have external toothing offset second external toothing, wherein  the first external teeth in engagement with the first internal ver teeth and the shaft outer teeth are and the second outer gears are in engagement with the second internal gearing, wherein the first internal toothing and the second internal toothing different numbers of teeth and / or the first external teeth and the second external toothing has different numbers of teeth point.

The invention is based on the idea of adjusting the seat back not through an eccentric movement, but through a Relative rotation of two adjusting gears with internal teeth achieve that through common orbital gears and a common Drive shaft are connected. The planet gears have here axially separated areas, each with a of the two adjusting gears with internal teeth are. By now the number of teeth of the internal toothing and / or the number of teeth of the axially separated external gears each orbital are different from each other, that lead from the first internal toothing and the first external toothing first gear system and that from the second internal toothing and second gear system formed under the second external toothing different orbital movements. Because on each of the planet gears a first external toothing and a second external toothing rigid are coupled with each other, the adjusting gears with In internal gear forced to a relative rotation. Act here the teeth of the external gears like wedges that are in tooth gaps of the inner teeth of the adjustment gears. Through this wedge kung is caused by the relative rotational movement of the adjusting gears.

Thus, depending on the difference in the number of teeth of the internal gears or external gears a high reduction can be achieved, so that the operator with a relatively low adjustment or low adjustment torque through a comfortable adjustment can lead. According to the invention, no eccentric ver  position along a wobble path, but a twist around the Axis of the shaft reached, so that a good, accurate and convenient Positioning the seat back is possible without the subsequent Position of the seat in the vertical or horizontal direction must be corrected again. Furthermore, the strength of the construction when using several planet gears, so that the seat back can transmit high forces. Thus, high Forces or torques are absorbed, e.g. B. in accident bounce or to attach seat belts to the seat rest.

By making the first and second external teeth of the planet gears the same Can have a number of teeth by a difference in the number of teeth the internal gears a high reduction of the adjusting torque ment can be achieved. So that the first and second external teeth of the planet gears, each fitting in the first or second interior gearing is engaged, at least in one of the circulation gears an angular offset between the two external gears advantageous.

Advantageously, the second can be fastened to the seat back Adjusting gear a smaller number of teeth than that on the seat bottom build attachable first adjusting gear, as this is the turning direction tion of the shaft corresponds to the direction of rotation of the seat back, which too leads to a higher usability. However, it is an order reversed structure possible, in which the adjusting gear with small rer number of teeth is attached to the seat base, making a counter the shaft is actuated continuously.

The planetary gears can consist of two axially connected Single wheels are manufactured. Advantageously, sheet metal Stamped parts or pressed parts for the individual wheels used are glued or welded together. The adjustment Gears can according to the invention as sheet metal stampings or sheet metal pressed parts are executed. Furthermore, the outer shaft toothing  voltage formed by a drive gear fitted to the shaft are, so that the seat back adjustment device according to the invention essentially by a shaft and several pressed parts or stamped parts le, especially pressed sheet metal parts or stamped sheet metal parts inexpensively can be manufactured.

The planet gears and possibly the drive gear can by a guide wheel with corresponding recesses that on the Shaft is inserted. The guide wheel can be here at its radial outer surface on one or both inner ver serrations slide off, creating a good, reliable and easy Bearing of the axis and the planet gears is reached. This Guide wheel can also be used as a pressed or stamped part, in particular which are executed as a pressed metal part.

The adjusting gears can advantageously be pressed as deep Cogwheels run where the inner area is not punched out, but only deeply pressed in the axial direction is, so that there is a simple, tight axial cover of the Ver adjusting gear results.

In addition, axial covers, e.g. B. also by pressing parts or stamped parts are provided.

According to the invention, a rotary movement can advantageously take place or in addition to the rotation of the shaft directly over the axis the planet gears can be reached. Here, for. B. a Engage the drive wheel in the holes of the planetary gears and thus direct adjustment of the planet gears in the internal gears reach. Thus, a rough adjustment without reduction be achieved for faster adjustment by the operator is helpful. The fine adjustment can be on closing over the shaft in the manner described above with ge low force or torque. According to the invention a changeover between the coarse adjustment and the fine adjustment  lung z. B. by a common knob that is pulled out or is pressed, and either engages in the shaft or engages in the drive wheel, possible.

For a finer translation, the drive wheel for the coarse adjustment outside from an external gear and a council be operated. Such training is general but not necessary, because according to the invention already through the bet adequate reduction is achieved. The system according to the invention can in particular have no particular Lubrication; however, it is an additional lubrication at least possible.

The invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings gene explained in more detail in some embodiments. Show it:

Fig. 1 is an exploded assembly in the axial direction of a seat recliner according to a first embodiment of the invention;

Figure 2 is an exploded assembly in the axial direction of a seat recliner according to a second embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 3 is an exploded axial structure of a third embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 4 shows the assembled structure from FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 shows the composite structure of Fig. 2;

Fig. 6 is an exploded assembly in the axial direction of a seat recliner according to another embodiment of the invention;

Fig. 7 is a composite structure of a Sitzlehnenverstell device according to another embodiment of the invention;

Fig. 8 is a composite structure of a Sitzlehnenverstell device according to another embodiment of the invention;

Fig. 9 is an axially exploded structure of another embodiment of the invention.

According to Fig. 1 there are two Verstellzahnräder 1, 2 axially directly at each other. However, a structure with an axial spacing is possible. The adjusting gears are arranged concentrically around a shaft 3 , which has a square-shaped section at its axial end.

The first adjusting gear 1 is attached to the seat base, ie in particular vehicle-fixed, whereas the second adjusting gear is attached to the seat back of a motor vehicle. The adjusting gears 1 , 2 have internal gears 5 , 6 with different numbers of teeth. Here, for. B. the first internal toothing 5 of the first adjusting gear 1 has a number of teeth of m of z. B. 38, the number of teeth of the second internal toothing 6 has a smaller number of teeth of z. B. n-1, ie 37 in this example.

On the axis, a drive gear 9 , with a shaft outer toothing 12 is provided, for. B. plugged onto the square area 4 . As in Fig. 1, two planet gears 15 , 16 are in engagement with the drive gear 12 . In the example shown in FIG. 1 with two planetary gears, these are offset on the axis by 180 °, that is to say arranged on opposite sides. It is also possible training with three or four or more gears, which are distributed correspondingly symmetrically over the shaft. The planet gears 15 , 16 each have two interconnected individual gears. In Fig. 1, this is shown in the right-hand rotation gear 16 by the individual wheels 17 , 18 which are glued or welded together on their axial end faces. The external teeth 13 b, 14 b of the planet gear 16 are formed without an angular offset from one another, whereas the external teeth 13 a, 14 a of the other planet gear 15 are arranged with an angular offset of half a tooth spacing, so that the teeth of a single gear exactly between the teeth of the other single gear. When assembling the exploded view shown in FIG. 1, the first external teeth 13 a, 13 b are in engagement with the first internal teeth 5 , and the second external teeth 14 a, 14 b are in engagement with the second internal teeth 6 . The angular offset of the second planetary gear 15 is thus the difference in the number of teeth of the two internal gears is fitted.

When the shaft 3 is actuated, the drive gear 9 and the planet gears form an outer gear pair, and the first internal gears 13 a, 13 b of the planet gears with the first internal gearing 5 form an inner gear pair, furthermore the second external gears 14 a, 14 b of the planet gears with the second internal gearing 6 a second pair of inner wheels. When the shaft 3 is actuated, the planet gears 15 , 16 thus perform an orbital movement in both adjusting gears, whereby a relative rotation of the adjusting gears is forced to one another due to the different number of teeth of the internal gears. Here, the teeth of the Umlaufzahnrä the press in the not exactly matching spaces between the inner teeth of the inner teeth 5 , 6 and thus act wedge-shaped due to their shape. At z. B. an internal toothing of 36 or 37 teeth and an external toothing of 12 teeth, a reduction of 36/12 + 1 = 4 is achieved. The gear ratio can be set as desired using the number of teeth on the internal and external gears. In this case, different numbers of teeth of the external gears can also be set, wherein the number of teeth of the internal gears can be the same or also different.

In Fig. 1, the holes 7 , 8 serve to fasten the adjusting toothed wheels together.

In FIG. 2, in addition to the embodiment of FIG. 1, a guide wheel 19 is provided, which has recesses 20 and 21 for receiving the planetary gears 15 , 16 and a recess 22 for receiving the drive gear 9 . Except for these recesses, he extends the guide wheel 19 over a closed circular surface, the radial outer peripheral portions 23 , 24 of which can slide against the first internal toothing and the second internal toothing 6 . As a result, radial guidance is achieved, so that a wobbling movement of the shaft and the gears in the internal gearing can be prevented. Here, a certain amount of reeving of the sections 23 and 24 occurs on the internal toothing, but since seat back adjustment devices do not require high speeds and relatively little adjustment movements over the service life, the wear produced here is negligible. The planet gears 15 , 16 also slide in radial inner surfaces ( 50 , 51 ) and the drive gear 9 in a radial inner surfaces ( 52 ) of the guide wheel 19 .

If three or four planetary gears are used, correspondingly more recesses must be formed in the guide wheel 19 .

Referring to FIG. 2, the Verstellzahnräder 1, 2 are formed as parts of pressed sheet metal parts 27, 28 may, in which spaces 25, 26 only tiefgepreßt so that it axially of the adjusting gears 1, 2 are displaced. In this way, a good axial seal of the seat back adjustment device against dirt, moisture, etc. is achieved and the waste when manufacturing the adjustment gears is kept low. The elongated surface shown in Fig. 2 of the pressed sheet metal parts 27 , 28 can with the holes shown for attachment to the seat base or the seat back the NEN.

According to FIG. 2, axial covers 29 can be provided on one or both sides of the seat back adjustment device and can be attached to the shaft 3 in a simple manner. Furthermore, attachments of these covers to the seat back or the seat substructure are also possible, so that they can slide or seal on the shaft.

All parts shown in Fig. 1 and 2 except for the shaft 3 NEN can be produced as pressed parts, stamped parts, in particular sheet metal pressed parts and sheet metal stamped parts, so that a simple, accurate and inexpensive assembly of the seat back adjustment device is possible.

Fig. 3 shows a further embodiment in which a bush 30 is provided for receiving the adjusting gears 1 , 2 . The socket still carries the drive gear 9 and can simply be plugged onto the shaft 3 .

Fig. 4 shows this embodiment in the assembled state. A storage of the adjusting gears is also possible in the embodiments from FIGS. 1 and 2, whereby the embodiment of FIG. 5 is achieved when mounted directly on the shaft in the assembled state.

In the embodiment of FIG. 6, in addition to the embodiment of FIG. 2, a drive wheel 32 is provided concentrically with the shaft 3 . The drive wheel 32 has two pins 33 , 34 for a grip in central holes 35 , 36 of the planet gears 15 , 16 . The pins 34 , 33 are rotatable in the central holes. By rotating the drive wheel 32 , a direct Umlaufbewe supply of the planet gears 15 , 16 on the drive gear 9 can be achieved without the shaft 3 having to be rotated. A ratio of 1: 1 is achieved, so that an adjustment of the adjusting gears 1 , 2 to one another without reduction, as described in the above embodiments, can be achieved. Thus, an adjustment with a higher torque of z. B. 4 or 5 Nm can be achieved as a coarse adjustment of the seat back via the drive wheel 32 , whereas the Feinver position in the manner described above via the shaft 3 . For actuation from the outside, the drive wheel 32 may have an axial projection 38 with two flats 37 on which a corresponding actuating device, for. B. a lever is inserted. According to the invention, in particular an actuation of both the shaft 3 and the drive wheel 32 via, for. B. a common rotary knob that can be adjusted in the axial direction between two positions and alternately engages either in the shaft 3 or the drive wheel 32 . Thus, the user can choose between the two adjustment options by simply pulling out the rotary knob.

Fig. 7 shows the embodiment of Fig. 6, in which the axial projection 38 protrudes axially. An adjusting device, e.g. B. a knob can thus either engage in the flat 37 or the sides of the square 4 to enable the various adjustment possibilities. In the axial projection 38 of an external gear according to FIG. 8 are plugged 41, so that a voltage Bedie the coarse adjustment via an additional ratchet to Besse ren translation and the external gear 41 is possible.

FIG. 9 shows a further embodiment in which, in contrast to previous embodiments, four planet gears 60 , 61 , 62 and 63 are used. These four planet gears enable operation as in the above-described embodiments; since the connection between the drive gear 9 and the Verstellzahnrä changes 1 , 2 in this embodiment via four planet gears, for. B. two teeth of the four planetary gears, a high strength of the seat back adjuster can be ensured. High forces or torques can thus be transmitted. High re torques z. B. occur in a rear-end collision, in which the seat back is accelerated to the rear. Wei terhin very high torques can occur when attaching the safety belt to the seat back in the event of a rear-end collision with a front object. Thus, in addition to the advantages according to the invention described above, high accident safety can be ensured.

The four planet gears 60 to 63 can be taken up according to FIG. 9 by a guide wheel 64 with four peripheral recesses or holes 65 , 66 , 67 , 68 and a central recess or recess 69 , this guide wheel as in FIG. 2 described a sliding guide both in the internal toothing of the Ver adjusting gears and in the recesses 65 to 68 for the order wheels guaranteed.

Referring to FIG. 6, the shaft 3 can in a protective tube 42 inserted who the. The pressed sheet metal parts of the Fig. 4, 5, 7, 8 may be joined together to beliebi ge manner, for. B. riveted to each other via the holes 7 , 8 of FIG. 1.

The gears can e.g. B. be trapezoidal or as involute be trained.

Claims (16)

1. Seat back adjustment device for adjusting a seat back relative to a seat bottom, with
a z. B. attachable to the seat bottom first adjustment gear ( 1 ) with a first internal toothing ( 5 ),
a z. B. attachable to the seat back second adjustment gear ( 2 ) with a second internal toothing ( 6 ),
a shaft ( 3 ) for actuation by a user, which runs con centrically through the first adjusting gear ( 1 ) and the second adjusting gear ( 2 ) and has external shaft teeth ( 12 ), and
at least two planetary gears ( 10 , 11 ), each having a first external toothing ( 13 a, 13 b) and a second external toothing ( 14 a, 14 b) offset axially to the first external toothing, the first external toothing ( 13 a, 13 b ) are in engagement with the first internal toothing ( 5 ) and the shaft external toothing ( 12 ) and the second external toothing ( 14 a, 14 b) are in engagement with the second internal toothing ( 6 ),
wherein the first internal toothing ( 5 ) and the second internal toothing ( 6 ) different numbers of teeth (n, nx) and / or the first external teeth ( 13 a, 13 b) and the second external teeth ( 14 a, 14 b) different numbers of teeth ( m) have. 2. Seat back adjustment device according to claim 1, characterized in that the first internal teeth ( 5 ) and the second internal teeth ( 6 ) have different numbers of teeth (n, nx) and the first external teeth ( 13 a, 13 b) and the second external teeth ( 14 a, 14 b) have the same number of teeth (m), the first external toothing ( 13 a) and the second external toothing ( 14 a) having an angular offset to one another at least in the case of a planetary gear ( 15 ). 3. Seat back adjustment device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the attachable to the seat back second adjusting gear ( 2 ) has a smaller number of teeth (nx) than the attachable to the seat base first adjusting gear ( 1 ). 4. Seat back adjustment device according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the number of teeth (n) of the first and second external teeth ( 13 , 14 ) a third to a quarter of the number of teeth (n, n-1) of the first internal teeth and / or second Internal teeth is and the number of teeth (n) of the first internal teeth ( 5 ) from the number of teeth (n-1) of the second internal teeth ( 6 ) differs by 1. 5. Seat back adjustment device according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the planet gears ( 15 , 16 ) each consist of two axially connected, preferably glued or welded, in particular as sheet metal stamping parts manufactured individual gears ( 17 , 18 ). 6. Seat back adjustment device according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that concentrically on the shaft ( 3 ) a preferably as a sheet metal stamping or sheet metal pressed gefer-made drive gear ( 9 ) with the shaft external teeth ( 12 ) is attached. 7. Seat back adjustment device according to claim 6, characterized in that the drive gear ( 9 ) on the shaft ver non-rotatably, for. B. on a non-round, e.g. B. Vierkantörmi gene section ( 4 ) of the shaft is attached. 8. Seat back adjustment device according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that a preferably designed as a stamped sheet metal or pressed sheet metal guide wheel ( 19 ) is attached to the shaft ( 3 ), the recesses ( 20 , 21 , 22 ) with inner contact surfaces ( 50 , 51 , 52 ) for slidably receiving the order gears ( 15 , 16 ) and the drive gear ( 9 ) and has radially outer contact surfaces ( 23 , 24 ) for slidable position on the first and / or second internal toothing ( 5 , 6 ). 9. Seat back adjustment device according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the adjusting gears ( 1 , 2 ) as stamped sheet metal parts, pressed sheet metal parts or areas of sheet metal pressed parts ( 27 , 28 ) are made. 10. Seat back adjustment device according to claim 9, characterized in that at least one adjusting gear ( 1 , 2 ) is formed as the outer region of a pressed sheet metal part ( 27 , 28 ), the inner region ( 25 , 26 ) of which is pressed. 11. Seat back adjustment device according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that one or two, preferably designed as stamped sheet metal or pressed sheet metal axial covers ( 29 ) are provided for the axial sealing of the Sitzlehnenver adjusting device. 12. Seat back adjustment device according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that a planetary drive wheel ( 32 ) for coarse adjustment of the seat back is arranged concentrically to the shaft, the at least two pins ( 33 , 34 ) for particularly rotatable engagement in central holes ( 35 , 36 ) of the planetary gears ( 15 , 16 ). 13. Seat back adjustment device according to claim 12, characterized in that the epicyclic drive wheel ( 32 ) can be actuated from outside the seat back adjustment device, preferably via flats ( 37 ) of an axial projection ( 38 ). 14. Seat back adjustment device according to claim 12 or 13, characterized in that the epicyclic drive wheel ( 32 ) via a radial outer surface ( 39 ) rotatably in an adjusting toothed wheel ( 1 ) or a system ( 40 ) of a sheet metal pressing part ( 27 ) connected to the adjusting gear is. 15. Seat back adjustment device according to one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that on the shaft ( 3 ) an externally accessible actuating gear ( 41 ) is provided for operating a ratchet. 16. Seat, in particular motor vehicle seat, with a seat bottom part, a seat back adjustable to the seat bottom and a seat back adjustment device according to one of the claims 1 to 15.