DE19962408A1 - Polymer-metal alloys, used for production of plastic parts with improved properties, obtained by compounding polymer with low-melting metal so that both components are in the molten state during the process - Google Patents

Polymer-metal alloys, used for production of plastic parts with improved properties, obtained by compounding polymer with low-melting metal so that both components are in the molten state during the process

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Publication number
DE19962408A1
DE19962408A1 DE1999162408 DE19962408A DE19962408A1 DE 19962408 A1 DE19962408 A1 DE 19962408A1 DE 1999162408 DE1999162408 DE 1999162408 DE 19962408 A DE19962408 A DE 19962408A DE 19962408 A1 DE19962408 A1 DE 19962408A1
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Germany
Prior art keywords
polymer
components
metal
liquid form
production
Prior art date
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Ceased
Application number
DE1999162408
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German (de)
Inventor
Sven Prollius
Christian Hopmann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Vereinigung zur Foerderung des Instituts fuer Kunststoffverarbeitung in Industrie und Handwerk an Der Rhein
Original Assignee
Vereinigung zur Foerderung des Instituts fuer Kunststoffverarbeitung in Industrie und Handwerk an Der Rhein
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Application filed by Vereinigung zur Foerderung des Instituts fuer Kunststoffverarbeitung in Industrie und Handwerk an Der Rhein filed Critical Vereinigung zur Foerderung des Instituts fuer Kunststoffverarbeitung in Industrie und Handwerk an Der Rhein
Priority to DE1999162408 priority Critical patent/DE19962408A1/en
Publication of DE19962408A1 publication Critical patent/DE19962408A1/en
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C45/0013—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor using fillers dispersed in the moulding material, e.g. metal particles
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/02—Elements
    • C08K3/08—Metals

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)
  • Processes Of Treating Macromolecular Substances (AREA)
  • Injection Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

Polymer/metal alloys are based on thermoplastic polymer(s), duroplastic(s) or elastomer(s), in which the melting point of the metal component is between 20 and 400 deg C and within or below the processing temperature of the polymer(s), so the metal is in a molten state during production of the alloy and in further processing. Independent claims are also included for: (a) a method for the production of polymer/metal alloys by feeding both components (together or separately) in solid or liquid form into a suitable compounding machine (extruder, mixer, kneader etc.) and mixing all components together in liquid form; and (b) a method for the further processing of these polymer/metal alloys by feeding the components (together, as a finished compound or separately) into a suitable machine (extruder or injection moulding machine) in solid or liquid form and mixing or processing all components in liquid form.

Description

Anwendungsgebietfield of use

Die Erfindung betrifft Polymerlegierungen entsprechend dem Oberbegriff des An­ spruchs 1. Sie dient insbesondere zur Herstellung von Bauteilen aus Kunststoffen mit verbesserten elektrischen, thermischen oder mechanischen Eigenschaften.The invention relates to polymer alloys according to the preamble of the Proverb 1. It is used in particular for the production of components from plastics improved electrical, thermal or mechanical properties.

Stand der TechnikState of the art Compounds aus Kunststoffen und MetallenCompounds made of plastics and metals

Insbesondere zur Verbesserung der thermischen und elektrischen Eigenschaften werden Polymere mit Metallen in Form von Fasern und Pulver gefüllt und seit langem industriell standardisiert eingesetzt/1-4/. Zur Herstellung und Weiterverarbeitung dieser Compounds werden verschiedene Verfahren eingesetzt, bei denen entweder
In particular, to improve the thermal and electrical properties, polymers are filled with metals in the form of fibers and powders and have long been used in an industrially standardized manner / 1-4 /. Various processes are used to manufacture and process these compounds, either

  • 1. vor dem Aufschmelzen Polymere und Metallkomponenten miteinander vermischt werden und im Spritzgießverfahren direkt verarbeitet werden. Dabei werden die Metallfasern in der Polymerschmelze im Spritzgießaggregat verteilt.1. Before melting, polymers and metal components are mixed together and are processed directly in the injection molding process. The Metal fibers distributed in the polymer melt in the injection molding unit.
  • 2. vor dem Aufschmelzen Polymere und Metallkomponenten miteinander vermischt werden, die Metallkomponenten in einem Compoundierextruder in der Polymer­ schmelze verteilt werden und das entstandene Compound anschließend zu Granu­ lat verarbeitet wird. In einem zweiten Schritt kann dann die Verarbeitung auf Spritz­ gießmaschinen folgen.2. Polymer and metal components are mixed together before melting be the metal components in a compounding extruder in the polymer melt are distributed and the resulting compound then to granu lat is processed. In a second step, processing can be carried out by spray casting machines follow.
  • 3. oder die Metallfasern in einem Compoundierextruder erst in die Polymerschmelze zudosiert werden und dann anschließend wie in 2) vorgegangen wird.3. or the metal fibers in a compounding extruder first in the polymer melt be metered in and then proceeding as in 2).
Nachteile des Standes der TechnikDisadvantages of the prior art

Allen Metall/Kunststoff-Compounds und Verfahren ist dabei gemein, daß die Metall­ komponenten sowohl in Bauteil als auch in der Polymerschmelze ihren Aggregatzu­ stand nicht ändern. Sie liegen in Form von Fasern, Pulver oder ähnlichem aber nicht geschmolzen vor. Aus diesem Grund werden gerade bei der Herstellung und bei der Weiterverarbeitung dieser Compounds zusätzliche Belastungen durch das harte, feste Metall für Polymerkomponente und Maschinenteile hervorgerufen. Diese zusätzlichen Belastungen können dabei zu erheblichen Beschädigungen des Polymers oder einzel­ ner Maschinenteile führen. Starker Molekulargewichtsabbau beim Polymer und die Zerstörung der Oberflächen der Maschinenteile, die in Kontakt mit der Compound­ schmelze kommen, sind die Folge. Darüber hinaus steigt mit dem Anteil der Metallkom­ ponente das benötigte Drehmoment der Schnecke und führt zu einer Reduzierung des Durchsatzes.All metal / plastic compounds and processes have in common that the metal components both in the component and in the polymer melt did not change. However, they are not in the form of fibers, powder or the like melted before. For this reason, especially in the manufacture and in the Further processing of these compounds causes additional stress due to the hard, firm Metal for polymer components and machine parts. These additional Loads can cause significant damage to the polymer or individually lead machine parts. Strong molecular weight reduction in the polymer and the Destruction of the surfaces of the machine parts that come in contact with the compound come melt are the result. In addition, the proportion of Metallkom increases component the required torque of the screw and leads to a reduction of the Throughput.

Um diesen Nachteilen entgegenzuwirken, werden die Metallkomponenten so spät wie möglich der Polymerschmelze zugegeben oder Einschränkungen hinsichtlich der Konfigurationen der Mischaggregate genommen. Darüber hinaus werden, die Maschi­ nenteile, die mit dem Compound in Kontakt stehen, gepanzert. Diese Maßnahmen erhöhen jedoch entweder die Prozeßkosten oder stellen erhebliche Restriktionen für den Prozeßablauf dar.To counteract these disadvantages, the metal components become as late as possible added to the polymer melt or restrictions regarding the  Configurations of the mixing units taken. In addition, the Maschi Armored parts that are in contact with the compound. These measures however, either increase process costs or impose significant restrictions on represents the process flow.

Aufgabe der ErfindungObject of the invention

Aufgabe der erfindungsgemäßen Polymerlegierung ist es, entgegen der bisherigen Metall/Polymer-Compounds eine schonende Verarbeitung der Schmelze zu ermögli­ chen. Hauptmerkmal dieser Legierung ist die Eigenschaft, daß die Schmelzpunkte aller Komponenten in dem Temperaturbereich von 20°C bis 400°C liegen, so daß ein Verarbeitungsbereich des Compounds existiert, bei der eine vollständig aufgeschmol­ zene Masse vorliegt.The object of the polymer alloy according to the invention is, contrary to the previous one Metal / polymer compounds allow gentle processing of the melt chen. The main feature of this alloy is the property that the melting points of all Components are in the temperature range of 20 ° C to 400 ° C, so that a Processing area of the compound exists, in which a completely melted zene mass is present.

Lösung der AufgabeSolution of the task

Die Aufgabe wird durch ein Verfahren mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 gelöst.The object is achieved by a method having the features of claim 1.

Vorteile der ErfindungAdvantages of the invention

Die Erfindung hat im Vergleich zu konventionellen MetaIl/Polymer-Compounds folgende Vorteile:
The invention has the following advantages over conventional metal / polymer compounds:

  • - Reduzierung des Polymerabbaus durch Verminderung der mechanischen Belastung in der Schmelze.- Reduction of polymer degradation by reducing mechanical stress in the melt.
  • - Reduzierung der Belastungen von Maschinenteilen, die in Kontakt mit der Schmelze sind.- Reduction of loads on machine parts that come into contact with the melt are.
  • - Einsatz üblicher, preiswerter, nicht gepanzerter Schneckenelemente und Gehäuse­ teile.- Use of conventional, inexpensive, non-armored screw elements and housing parts.
  • - Reduzierung der benötigen Schneckendrehmomente für die Metall/Polymer- Legierung- Reduction of the screw torques required for the metal / polymer alloy
  • - neuartige Eigenschaftsspektren durch die Verwendung von Metallen, deren Schmelzpunkt innerhalb des Gebrauchstemperaturbereiches der Polymerkompo­ nenten liegt. Durch den schnellen Phasenübergang des Metalls (von fest nach flüs­ sig) können so die Materialeigenschaften gezielt über die Temperatur geregelt wer­ den.- Novel property spectra through the use of metals, their Melting point within the temperature range of the polymer compo nenten lies. Due to the rapid phase transition of the metal (from solid to flu sig), the material properties can be specifically controlled via the temperature the.
  • - gezielte Beeinflussung der Partikelgröße und -form der Metallkomponenten durch entsprechende Prozeßsteuerung.- Targeted influencing of the particle size and shape of the metal components appropriate process control.
  • - geringere Anlagenkosten.- lower plant costs.
Beschreibung von LegierungsbeispielenDescription of alloy examples

Ausführungsbeispiele für Polymerlegierungen und deren Herstellung sind im folgenden dargestellt.Exemplary embodiments of polymer alloys and their production are as follows shown.

Beispielhafte Polymerlegierung und Herstellung 1Exemplary polymer alloy and manufacture 1

80 Gew.-% eines Polystyrols werden mit 20 Gew.-% einer Metallegierung auf Wismut- Basis bei Raumtemperatur vermischt und in einem Aufbereitungsschritt zu einer Me­ tall/Polymerlegierung compoundiert. Alle Materialien werden in fester Form einem Extruder, Mischkammer, Kneter oder ähnlichem zudosiert, schmelzen zusammen auf und werden anschließend miteinander vermischt. Abschließend wird die Schmelze als Strang ausgetragen und granuliert.80% by weight of a polystyrene are mixed with 20% by weight of a metal alloy on bismuth Base mixed at room temperature and in one preparation step to a me tall / polymer alloy compounded. All materials are in a solid form Extruder, mixing chamber, kneader or the like metered in, melt together and are then mixed together. Finally, the melt is called Strand discharged and granulated.

Beispielhafte Polymerlegierung und Herstellung 2Exemplary polymer alloy and manufacture 2

95 Gew.-% eines Acryl-Butadien-Styrol-Copolymers werden in einem Doppelschnec­ kenextruder aufgeschmolzen. In das schmelzeförmige Polymer wird eine feste oder flüssige Metallegierung auf Indium/Zinn-Basis zudosiert, deren Schmelzpunkt dem des ABS entspricht. Der weitere Verfahrensablauf entspricht dem aus Beispiel 1. 95 wt .-% of an acrylic-butadiene-styrene copolymer are in a double section ken extruder melted. A solid or metered in liquid metal alloy based on indium / tin, the melting point of which the ABS corresponds. The further procedure corresponds to that from example 1.  

LITERATURLITERATURE

/1/ Knothe, M. J. Elektrische Eigenschaften von spritzgegossenen Kunst­ stofformteilen aus leitfähigen Compounds Dissertation an der RWTH Aachen, 1996
/2/ Mair, H. J. Elektrisch leitende Kunststoffe Roth, S. Carl Hanser Verlag, München, Wien, 1989
/3/ Möbius, K.-H. Elektromagnetische Abschirmung mit füllstoffhaltigen elektrisch leitfähigen Kunststoffen In: Elektrisch leitende Kunststoffe Carl Hanser Verlag, München, Wien, 1989, S. 59-88
/4/ Mazanek, M. v. Gizycki, U. Anders, S. Elektromagnetische Abschirmung von Thermoplasten mit 50 µm dicken Metallfasern Kunststoffe 81 (1991) 2, S. 141-146/ 1 / Knothe, MJ Electrical properties of injection molded plastic parts from conductive compounds Dissertation at RWTH Aachen, 1996
/ 2 / Mair, HJ Electrically conductive plastics Roth, S. Carl Hanser Verlag, Munich, Vienna, 1989
/ 3 / Möbius, K.-H. Electromagnetic shielding with electrically conductive plastics containing filler In: Electrically conductive plastics Carl Hanser Verlag, Munich, Vienna, 1989, pp. 59-88
/ 4 / Mazanek, M. v. Gizycki, U. Anders, S. Electromagnetic shielding of thermoplastics with 50 µm thick metal fibers Kunststoffe 81 (1991) 2, pp. 141-146

Claims (3)

1. Polymerlegierungen, bestehend aus einem Gemisch aus einem oder mehreren thermoplastischen Poly­ meren, Duroplasten oder Elastomeren und einer oder mehrerer Metallkomponenten, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Schmelztemperaturen der Metallkomponenten zwischen 20°C und 400°C und innerhalb oder unterhalb der Verarbeitungstemperaturen der verwendeten Po­ lymerkomponenten liegen, so daß bei der Herstellung der Legierung und bei der späteren Weiterverarbeitung die Metallkomponenten in der Polymerschmelze im schmelzeförmigen Zustand vorliegen.1. polymer alloys consisting of a mixture of one or more thermoplastic poly mers, thermosets or elastomers and one or more metal components, characterized in that the melting temperatures of the metal components between 20 ° C and 400 ° C and within or below the processing temperatures of the Po used Polymer components are so that the metal components in the polymer melt are in the molten state during the manufacture of the alloy and during subsequent processing. 2. Verfahren zur Herstellung von Polymerlegierungen nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, daß sowohl die Polymer- als auch die Metallkomponenten zusammen oder getrennt in eine geeignete Verarbeitungsmaschine zur Herstellung von Compounds (Extruder, Mischkammer, Kneter oder dergleichen) in fester oder flüssiger Form zudosiert wer­ den und alle Komponenten in flüssiger Form miteinander vermischt werden.2. A method for producing polymer alloys according to claim 1, characterized is marked that both the polymer and metal components together or separately in a suitable processing machine for the production of compounds (extruders, Mixing chamber, kneader or the like) metered in solid or liquid form the and all components are mixed together in liquid form. 3. Verfahren zur Weiterverarbeitung von Polymerlegierungen nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, daß sowohl die Polymer- als auch die Metallkomponenten zusammen, als fertiges Com­ pound oder getrennt in eine geeignete Weiterverarbeitungsmaschine (Extruder oder Spritzgießmaschine) in fester oder flüssiger Form zudosiert werden und alle Kompo­ nenten in flüssiger Form miteinander vermischt oder verarbeitet werden.3. A method for the further processing of polymer alloys according to claim 1, is characterized in that both the polymer and the metal components together, as a finished Com pound or separately in a suitable processing machine (extruder or Injection molding machine) in solid or liquid form and all compo components are mixed or processed in liquid form.
DE1999162408 1999-12-22 1999-12-22 Polymer-metal alloys, used for production of plastic parts with improved properties, obtained by compounding polymer with low-melting metal so that both components are in the molten state during the process Ceased DE19962408A1 (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2009124159A1 (en) * 2008-04-03 2009-10-08 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Method for producing composite member of metal member and resin member
US8197730B2 (en) * 2005-04-13 2012-06-12 Cool Options, Inc. Molding method for forming in-mold metallized polymer components

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB650758A (en) * 1946-05-29 1951-03-07 Cosmocord Plastics Ltd Improvements in and relating to coating materials
US4557857A (en) * 1984-05-30 1985-12-10 Allied Corporation High conducting polymer-metal alloy blends
DE19835613A1 (en) * 1997-01-13 2000-02-24 Aisin Seiki Resin composition for highly conductive plastics

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB650758A (en) * 1946-05-29 1951-03-07 Cosmocord Plastics Ltd Improvements in and relating to coating materials
US4557857A (en) * 1984-05-30 1985-12-10 Allied Corporation High conducting polymer-metal alloy blends
DE19835613A1 (en) * 1997-01-13 2000-02-24 Aisin Seiki Resin composition for highly conductive plastics

Non-Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
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JP Patent Abstracts of Japan *

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8197730B2 (en) * 2005-04-13 2012-06-12 Cool Options, Inc. Molding method for forming in-mold metallized polymer components
WO2009124159A1 (en) * 2008-04-03 2009-10-08 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Method for producing composite member of metal member and resin member
CN101983118A (en) * 2008-04-03 2011-03-02 纳幕尔杜邦公司 Method for producing composite member of metal member and resin member
US8715534B2 (en) 2008-04-03 2014-05-06 E I Du Pont De Nemours And Company Method for producing composite member of metal member and resin member

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