DE19957338A1 - Spring system, eg for a temp monitoring system, comprises primary and secondary locating members, a corrugated section, and a tensioning unit. - Google Patents

Abstract

A spring system, esp for a pressure or temp monitoring unit, comprises a housing with a primary locating member (20) with a corrugated section (24) and a secondary locating member (30). The primary member is elastically pretensioned wrt the secondary member. The tensioning unit (36,72) has a coupling element. One end of the coupling unit is attached to the corrugated section and the other end is attached to the housing.

Description

The invention relates to a spring mechanism, in particular for a device for pressure or temperature determination, with a housing in which a provided with a shaft section and a first actuator with this operatively connected second actuator are rotatably supported where in the first actuator with respect to the second actuator by a Tensioning device is elastically biased. The invention further relates to a spring element according to claim 16 or claim 19 for one of the like spring mechanism and a measuring device according to claim 24 with egg NEM such spring mechanism.

A device for pressure or temperature determination is usually equipped with a spring mechanism of the type mentioned. So is one Such a spring mechanism, for example, as a pointer mechanism in a manometer used, one of the actuators of the spring mechanism as a pointer shaft and the further actuator is designed as a multi-arm segment, the is in operative connection with a pressure measuring unit. The actuating movement the pressure measuring unit is from the multi-arm segment to the pointer transmit the wave, with the pointer attached to it the measured Displays value on a scale.

Due to the mechanical coupling of the two actuators arising coupling play on the one hand, and that due to Toleran  zen and dimensional inaccuracies existing bearing play in the spring mechanism on the other hand, there are - albeit minor - undesirable relative movements conditions between the actuators, which, for example, cause the Can lead pointer at the measuring device. To avoid this is it is known the first actuator of the spring mechanism with respect to the second Prestressing the actuator elastically by a tensioning device. As Clamping device becomes, for example, concentric with the shaft section of the first actuator arranged coil spring used with their spring center on the shaft section of the first actuator Stigt, while its other eccentrically arranged end with the Housing of the spring mechanism is connected. With the help of the spiral spring the two actuators are biased towards each other so that existing bearing and coupling play is balanced by the bias.

Such spiral springs are comparatively complex to manufacture and difficult to assemble due to their concentric arrangement ren, so that the effort required in the production of such Fe derwerke, which are usually mass-produced, ver is equally high. Furthermore, a subsequent adjustment of the by the spring generated preload only by additional adjustment possible in the spring mechanism.

It is an object of the invention, a spring mechanism, a spring element for a such spring mechanism or a measuring device with such a Fe to provide the work at which, through its use or at the the manufacture of the spring mechanism compared to the manufacture of known ones Spring works is simplified.  

The invention solves the problem by a spring mechanism with the features according to claim 1 and in particular in that the clamping device has a coupling element that can be wound onto the shaft section, the sen one end is attached to the shaft portion and the other end is connected to a spring element held on the housing. Further the invention is by a spring element with the features according to claim 16 or according to claim 19 and by a measuring device Claim 24 solved.

In the spring mechanism according to the invention, the biasing force of the spring element through the coupling element to the first actuator for elasti transferring preloads. This makes it possible to do this on the housing to hold the spring element spaced from the first actuator, so that the use of comparatively simple spring elements, such as the use of spiral springs, tension springs and the like chem, is possible. Furthermore, the assembly of the invention Spring mechanism compared to a spring mechanism simplified, in which he Most actuator with the help of a spiral arranged concentrically to this spring is biased because a pre-assembly of the spring element on the first Actuator is omitted. It is true that the coupling element on the first Attach actuator, but it must be the actual preload Convincing spring element end only after the assembly of the first actuator Valid to be firmly connected to the housing, reducing the overall assembly of the spring mechanism is simplified. Furthermore, is an ex post Increase or decrease the biasing force in the invention Spring mechanism possible without additional adjustment devices, in which is the length of the coupling element wound on the shaft section tes shortened accordingly by further winding or unwinding  can be extended. By using different spring elements with different spring constants, spring can works with an identical structure in their manufacture on simple Can be adapted to different applications.

The spring mechanism according to the invention is particularly suitable as a measuring mechanism and / or pointer mechanism in a measuring device, such as a Manometer, which in particular the effort in the manufacture of also manufactured as a mass-produced manometer compared to the Production of one equipped with a conventional spring mechanism Manometer is lower.

Further advantageous developments of the invention result from the following description, the drawing and the respective dependent Claims.

So it is proposed to ver a spring element in the clamping device turn, which shows a flat spring characteristic curve. This will make him is sufficient that the spring element on the one hand has a sufficiently high preload generated force for elastic biasing of the first actuator, others on the other hand, with increasing deflection of the spring element Spring force is so low that it actually moves the two Actuators do not counteract. This is especially true when using the spring mechanism as a measuring mechanism and / or pointer mechanism in a measuring device device advantageous in which the determined measuring with the help of the spring mechanism Values are transmitted and corrected as unadulterated as possible by the actuators should be shown.  

So even in the idle state of the spring mechanism, in which the on the Stell the acting force is at least approximately zero, the La eng and / or coupling play between the actuators is balanced, it is also proposed that the spring element also in the idle state of the Preload the spring mechanism so that it has a defined pretensioning force on it most actuator generated.

In a preferred embodiment, the spring is used as the spring element used a spiral spring clamped on one side of the housing is comparatively easy to manufacture and assemble. To an ent to be able to generate speaking preload on the first actuator the spiral spring clamped on the housing so that it is in a relaxed position was at least approximately parallel with its flat sides to the Rotati onsachse of the shaft section of the first actuator. The far It is possible to use pre-curved spiral springs, which are special which can be arranged in a space-saving manner in the housing of the spring mechanism nen.

In an alternative embodiment, a as a spring element Tension spring trained spiral spring used with one end on Attached housing and at the other end of the coupling element steers is. When using the spiral spring as tension spring, the required che biasing force generated by the coil spring in its longitudinal direction is stretched. Since the coil spring itself can be made very flat, Despite the elongation of the coil spring, a spring mechanism with comparatively small volume can be manufactured.  

As a coupling element, the use of a tape is preferred hit that one at one end onto the shaft section has pushed sleeve with which the tape rotatably with the shaft cut is connected while the other end of the tape is a fastener has element for attaching the band to the spring element. The sleeve provided at one end of the band is comparatively simple attached to the first actuator by sliding onto the shaft section bar, whereby the assembly of the spring mechanism according to the invention is fold. In the same way, this also simplifies, preferably releasably the spring element connected to the fastener assembly of the spring mechanism.

The coupling element that can be wound onto the shaft section runs with respect Lich the axis of rotation of the shaft section in its longitudinal direction advantageously inclined, which results in the winding of the coupling element is reached on the wave section that the unwound turns of the coupling element are arranged side by side. The Nei supply angle of the coupling element is preferably in a loading range from two to eight degrees of angle, which ensures on the one hand is that the wound turns of the coupling element next to each other which are arranged, on the other hand, which are required on the shaft section che length for winding the coupling element is small.

In a particularly preferred embodiment of the spring mechanism the coupling element made of a thermoplastic material, the is easy to process compared to other materials, but it does at the same time a sufficiently long service life with the appropriate load having.  

So that a constant length of the coupling element over the ge Whole life of the spring mechanism is ensured, in particular proposed to use a thermoplastic whose Yield stress is in a range from 10 to 32 MPa, and one 10% elongation stress, which is in a range of 2.6 to 10.5 MPa lies.

To use the spring mechanism even at higher ambient temperatures The Vicat softening point of the plastic are at least above a temperature of 100 ° C.

A block poly is particularly suitable as the thermoplastic mer of polyterephthalic acid esters and polyalkylene glycogen, the one hand has the required mechanical properties, on the other hand ge compared to environmental influences compared to other thermoplastic Plastics is comparatively insensitive.

According to a further aspect of the invention, a spiral spring should be used for the elastic tensioning of the actuator of the spring mechanism, which is wound in a longitudinal direction in a plane in a meandering manner, the at least one meandering loop ( 42 ) forming the flat side of the spiral spring. By using the flat spiral spring according to the invention, the space required in the spring mechanism is small, so that a spring mechanism equipped with the spiral spring according to the invention has a smaller overall volume compared to conventional spring mechanisms.

In a preferred embodiment, the spiral spring are on this several meandering loops arranged side by side on one level formed, the distance between which is preferably constant. Through the front hen several meandering loops is achieved that the spiral spring one shows a very flat spring characteristic curve, the spiral spring other on the other hand, sufficient preload even with small deflections force generated.

Furthermore, it is proposed that the flat spiral spring starting from it rem to be clamped in the direction of its free end young that their side edges are inclined at an angle to each other run. As a result, the distance between the individual windun towards the meandering loops starting from the free end towards the always clamped in relation to the meandering course larger, which gives the spiral spring a degressive characteristic curve shows with increasing deflection.

At its end to be attached to the housing of the spring mechanism is before preferably a socket is provided with which the spiral spring on simple Way can be locked on the housing for assembly.

Alternatively, the use of a spiral spring is proposed, which as Tension spring is mounted in the spring mechanism, the spring center with the Actuator is coupled with the eccentric end of the coil spring the housing of the spring mechanism is connected. Even with this version tion form of the spring element is the coil spring by a coupling ment, preferably a band, in operative connection with the actuator to generate the required preload.  

The spring mechanism according to the invention is preferably used in measuring devices used, the first actuator of the spring mechanism as a pointer shaft and the second actuator is designed as a multi-arm segment, the egg ner measuring unit is in operative connection and on which a toothing is formed with a toothing provided on the pointer shaft is engaged.

The invention will be described below using two exemplary embodiments ter explained in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In this demonstrate:

Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a first embodiment example of a spring mechanism, in which the base plate of the Fe derwerkes is shown from the top;

Figure 2 is a perspective view of the spring mechanism, in which the underside of the base plate is shown.

Fig. 3 is a perspective view of a spiral spring of the spring work with tape attached;

Fig. 4 is a perspective view of a second embodiment example of a spring mechanism, in which the top of a base plate of the spring mechanism is shown;

Fig. 5 is a perspective view of a coil spring used in the spring mechanism according to Fig. 4 with tape attached.

In Figs. 1 and 2 in a perspective representation of a spring is factory shown for a pressure gauge 10 degrees. The spring mechanism 10 has a base plate 12 , from the top of which two perpendicular mounting tabs 14 and 16 protrude upward. For the sake of clarity, only the fastening tab 14 shown in the background on the left in FIGS . 1 and 2 is shown in full in FIGS. The second fastening tab 16 , which is shown only incompletely, protrudes from an oblique side edge of the base plate 12 shown on the right in FIG. 1 from the top thereof at right angles upwards. The two fastening tabs 14 and 16 end at the same height and serve to attach a circuit board, not shown, which together with the base plate 12 and the fastening tabs 14 and 16 form the housing of the spring mechanism 10 .

Near the second mounting bracket 16 , a bearing bore 18 is formed, which extends from the underside of the base plate 12 through this to the top. In the bearing bore 18 oine pointer shaft 20 is rotatably mounted. On the pointer shaft 20 , a pinion 22 is ausgebil det, the end face comes to rest on the top of the base plate 12 , while a stub shaft protruding from the pinion 22 protrudes to support the pointer shaft 20 in the bearing bore 18 . The pinion 22 is followed by a shaft section 24 of larger diameter, which merges into a shaft section 26 of smaller diameter. When mounted on the base plate 12 board (not shown), the shaft section 26 of smaller diameter protrudes through a further bearing bore (not shown) formed on the board, while the pointer shaft 20 is formed by the collar 28 formed by the shaft section 24 of larger diameter on the Top of the base plate 12 supports the underside of the board.

A multi-arm segment 30 is pivotally mounted on the base plate 12 adjacent to the pointer shaft 20 . The multi-arm segment 30 has a toothing 32 which is in engagement with the pinion 22 formed on the pointer shaft 20 . Furthermore, a U-shaped segment arm 34 is formed on the segment 30 , which serves with a bearing opening 35 for the pivotable mounting of a lever (not shown). The segment arm 34 is connected by the lever, not shown, to a pressure measuring unit, not shown, which, in accordance with the determined pressure, sets the multi-arm segment 30 in its pivot position relative to the base plate 12 .

Due to tolerances and manufacturing inaccuracies both at the bearings between the pointer shaft 20 and the base plate 12 or the multi-armed segment 30 and the base plate 12 and the lever, not shown, each have a bearing play through which the various NEN movable components of the spring mechanism 10 move relative to each other are. Between the pinion 22 of the pointer shaft 20 and the toothing 32 of the segment 30 which is in engagement therewith, there is also a toothing play which likewise permits relative movements between these in the components of the spring mechanism 10 . In order to compensate for these relative movements, the spring mechanism 10 is equipped with a tensioning device 36 which braces the components of the spring mechanism 10 against one another and thus compensates for the play between the components, as will be explained in more detail below with reference to FIG. 3.

The tensioning device 36 has a spiral spring 38 , to which a band 40 with a rectangular cross section is fastened, the construction of which will be explained later. The spiral spring 38 has a plurality of meandering loops 42 arranged next to one another in one plane, which are evenly spaced from one another. At its end shown in FIG. 3 on the right, an approximately cuboidal holding element 44 is formed on the spiral spring 38 and is made of plastic. The holding element 44 is provided with two slots 46 and 48 which run transversely to the longitudinal direction of the spiral spring 38 . Between the two slots 46 and 48, a ridge 50 is formed, which is inserted into a hole formed on the fixing projection 14 recess during assembly of the clamping device 36, wherein the retaining member is locked to the mounting tab 14 44th

The spiral spring 38 tapers starting from its end provided with the holding element 44 in the direction of its free end in such a way that its side edges formed by the meandering loops 42 are inclined at an angle to one another and so the spiral spring 38 has a wedge-shaped shape overall. Due to the inventive design of the spiral spring 38 , in which the spiral spring 38 has a meandering course, the spiral spring 38 shows a significantly flatter spring characteristic curve compared to conventional spiral springs, in particular at higher forces acting on the spiral spring 38 , the forces transverse to the longitudinal direction attack the spiral spring 38 , the spring characteristic degres siv runs. In an alternative embodiment of the spiral spring 38 , the side edges of the spiral spring 38 run parallel to one another, so that the spiral spring 38 has an approximately rectangular shape.

At the free end 52 of the spiral spring 38 , a fastening element 44 is formed, with which the band 40 is fastened to the spiral spring 38 . In the installed state of the tensioning device 36 , the band 40 runs approximately at right angles to the flat side of the spiral spring 38 , as is also shown in FIG. 1. At the free end of the band 40 , a sleeve 56 is formed, which in the assembled state of the tensioning device 36 is pushed onto the shaft section 24 of the larger diameter of the pointer shaft 20 and fastened to it by a press fit in order to connect the band 40 in a rotationally fixed manner to the pointer shaft 20 .

The band 40 and the fastener 54 and the sleeve 56 are integrally formed and made of a thermoplastic ge. As test series have shown, a block polymer made of poly terephthalic acid esters and polyalkylene glycogen is suitable as the production material for the band 40 and the fastening devices formed thereon as a thermoplastic. Such a plastic is sold, for example, by the Dupont company under the trade name Hytrel.

In order for the band 40 to experience a slight elongation at most during its entire period of use, the thermoplastic plastic should have a yield stress which is in a range from 10 to 32 MPa, a 10% elongation stress in a range from 2.6 to 10.5 MPa is permitted. So that the spring mechanism 10 according to the invention remains operational even under ambient temperatures in a range from -20 ° C. to 80 ° C., the Vicat softening point of the thermoplastic should be at least above a temperature of 100 ° C.

In the assembled state of the spring mechanism 10 of the tensioning device 36 , the band 40 runs with respect to the axis of rotation of the pointer shaft 20 with its longitudinal direction inclined by an angle of approximately 5 °. This ensures that when the tape 40 is wound onto the shaft section 24 of the pointer shaft 20, the wound turns of the tape 40 are arranged side by side. In this way, it is avoided that the tape is wound several times around itself onto the shaft section 24 , which would result in an undesirable shortening of the tape 40 .

In order to pre-tension the pointer shaft 20 of the multi-arm segment 30 already at rest, the spring mechanism, in which the actuating forces acting on these are at least approximately zero, the band 40 is ent ent either by a predetermined length on the shaft section 24 or the basic length of the band 40 chosen so that the spiral spring 38 is slightly biased.

As soon as actuating movements are transmitted from the pressure measuring unit to the multi-arm segment 30 , the pointer shaft 20 is rotated about its axis of rotation by the toothing 32 of the segment 30 which engages with the pinion 22 , the pointer, not shown, being attached to it being adjusted. In this case, that is through the sleeve 56 against rotation on the shaft portion 24 fixed tape wound on the shaft portion 24 40, wherein by the oblique course of the belt 40 relative to the rotation 20 axis of the hand shaft, the tape in juxtaposed Win compounds to the shaft section 24 is wound. By shortening the band 40 , the spiral spring 38 is further biased, whereby the game between the actuators of the spring mechanism 10 , namely the pointer shaft 20 , the segment 30 and the lever articulated on this, from.

In Fig. 4 is a perspective view of a second embodiment example of a spring mechanism 70 is shown, which can also be used in a manometer. The structure of the spring mechanism 70 corresponds essentially to the structure of the spring mechanism 10 described in the first embodiment, so that identical components are identified by identical reference numerals. The spring mechanism 70 according to the second embodiment differs from the spring mechanism 10 according to the first embodiment by the tensioning device 72 used , which is explained in more detail below with reference to FIG. 5.

In the tensioning device 72 , a spiral spring 74 is used, which has a total of three windings 78 , 80 and 82 which are wound concentrically around a common spring center 76 . Each turn 78 , 80 or 82 has the shape of a rectangle, the end of the respective turn 78 or 80 having a smaller dimension from the spring center 76 passing into the end of this subsequent turn 80 or 82 having a larger dimension. In the illustrated embodiment, the windings 78 , 80 and 82 are of rectangular shape, but can also be ge in the form of a square, a polygon or a circle.

At the free end 84 of the last turn 82 , a holding element 86 is formed , the structure of which corresponds to the structure of the holding element 44 described in the first exemplary embodiment and with which the coil spring 74 can be locked on the fastening tab 14 of the base plate 12 of the spring mechanism 70 , as in FIG Fig. 4 is shown.

At the spring center 76 of the spiral spring 74 deinking end 88 of the inner turn 78 , a fastening element 90 is formed, which is used to fasten one end of a coil spring 74 with the pointer shaft 20 coupling band 92 . At the other end of the band 92 , a sleeve 94 is integrally formed, the structure of which is similar to that of the sleeve 56 described in the first embodiment, which is also pushed onto the shaft 20 and is rotatably connected to it by a press fit, as shown in FIG. 4.

In the second embodiment, the fastener 90 , the band 92 and the sleeve 94 is made of a thermoplastic material, the properties of which correspond to that of the plastic described in the first embodiment.

In the assembled state, which is shown in Fig. 4, the coil spring 74 is locked with the aid of its holding element 86 on the mounting bracket 14 of the Federwer kes 70 , while the sleeve 94 pushed onto the pointer shaft 20 is rotatably connected to the pointer shaft 20 . In this assembled state, the band 92 extends with respect to the axis of rotation of the pointer shaft 20 with its longitudinal direction at an angle of approximately 5 °, so that when the band 92 is wound onto the pointer shaft 20, the wound turns of the band 92 are arranged next to one another. Also in this second embodiment, by corresponding winding or shortening of the tape, the coil spring 74 in the state of the spring mechanism 70 in which the force acting on the pointer shaft 20 , the segment 30 and the lever, not shown, is at least approximately zero biased his.

As soon as an actuating force acts on the components of the spring mechanism 70 , through which the pointer shaft 20 is rotated, the band 92 is wound onto the shaft section 24 of the pointer shaft 20 , the spring center point 76 being pulled in the direction of the pointer shaft 20 and the Spiralfe of 74 as Tension spring is used. By designing the spiral spring 74 according to the invention, in particular the rectangular shape of the windings 78 , 80 and 82 , it is achieved that the spiral spring 74 shows a significantly flatter spring characteristic curve compared to the spring spring concentric on the pointer shaft BEFE.

Reference list

10th

Spring mechanism

12th

Base plate

14

Mounting tab

16

Mounting tab

18th

Bearing bore

20th

Pointer shaft

22

pinion

24th

Shaft section of larger diameter

26

Shaft section of smaller diameter

28

Federation

30th

multi-arm segment

32

Gearing

34

Segment arm

35

Warehouse opening

36

Jig

38

Spiral spring

40

tape

42

Meandering loops

44

Holding element

46

slot

48

slot

50

web

52

free end

54

Fastener

56

Sleeve

70

Spring mechanism

72

Jig

74

Coil spring

76

Spring center

78

Swirl

80

Swirl

82

Swirl

84

free end

86

Holding element

88

The End

90

Fastener

92

tape

94

Sleeve

Claims (24)

1. Spring mechanism, in particular for a device for pressure or Tem peraturermittung, with a housing in which a with a Wel lenabschnitt ( 24 ) provided first actuator ( 20 ) and with the sem operatively connected second actuator ( 30 ) rotatably mounted are, wherein the first actuator ( 20 ) with respect to the second actuator ( 30 ) is elastically pre-tensioned by a tensioning device ( 36 , 72 ), characterized in that the tensioning device ( 36 , 72 ) is a coupling element (windable) on the shaft section ( 24 ) 40 , 92 ), one end ( 56 ) of which is attached to the shaft section ( 24 ) and the other end ( 54 ) of which is connected to a spring element ( 38 , 74 ) held on the housing. 2. Spring mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that the spring element ( 38 , 74 ) shows a flat, with increasing loading preferably degressive spring characteristic curve. 3. Spring mechanism according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the spring element ( 38 , 74 ) in the spring mechanism ( 10 , 70 ) is positio ned that it is in its idle state in which the on the actuators ( 20 , 30 ) acting force is at least approximately zero, a predetermined bias force on the first actuator ( 20 ) it produces. 4. Spring mechanism according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that the spring element is a cantilever spring ( 38 ) clamped on the housing, the flat sides of which, in the relaxed state, run at least approximately parallel to the axis of rotation of the shaft section ( 24 ). 5. Spring mechanism according to claim 4, characterized in that the spiral spring ( 38 ) in its longitudinal direction in a plane is meandering and the meandering loops arranged next to one another ( 42 ) form the flat sides of the spiral spring ( 38 ). 6. Spring mechanism according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the spiral spring ( 38 ) tapers starting from its clamped end in the direction of its free end such that the side edges of the spiral spring ( 38 ) formed by the meandering loops ( 42 ) at an angle run inclined to each other. 7. Spring mechanism according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that the spring element is a coil spring designed as a tension spring ( 74 ) which is attached with one end ( 84 ) to the housing and at the other end ( 88 ) the coupling element ( 92 ) is articulated. 8. Spring mechanism according to claim 7, characterized in that the spiral spring ( 74 ) has a preferably constant winding distance and the coupling element ( 92 ) at the Federmit telpunkt ( 76 ) arranged end ( 88 ) of the coil spring ( 74 ) is attached. 9. Spring mechanism according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the one end of a band serving as a coupling element ( 40 , 92 ) has a sleeve ( 56 , 94 ) pushed onto the shaft section ( 24 ), which is preferably rotatably fixed to the by a press fit Shaft section ( 24 ) is connected, and that the other end of the band ( 40 , 92 ) has a fastening element ( 54 , 88 ) with which the band ( 40 , 92 ) with the spring element ( 38 , 74 ) is preferably releasably connected . 10. Spring mechanism according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the coupling element ( 40 , 92 ) in its longitudinal direction with respect to the axis of rotation of the shaft section ( 24 ) runs inclined ver that the coils wound on the shaft section ( 24 ) of the coupling element ( 40 , 92 ) are each arranged side by side. 11. Spring mechanism according to claim 10, characterized in that the angle of inclination of the coupling element ( 40 , 92 ) with respect to the axis of rotation of the shaft section ( 24 ) is in a range of 2 to 8 degrees, preferably 5 degrees. 12. Spring mechanism according to claim 11, characterized in that the coupling element ( 40 , 92 ) is made of a thermoplastic. 13. Spring mechanism according to claim 12, characterized, that the thermoplastic has a yield stress in one Range from 10 to 32 MPa and a 10% strain in egg has a range from 2.6 to 10.5 MPa. 14. Spring mechanism according to claim 12 or 13, characterized, that the Vicat softening point of the plastic is at least above a temperature of 100 ° C. 15. Spring mechanism according to claim 12, 13 or 14, characterized, that the thermoplastic is a block polymer made of polymer phthalic acid esters and polyalkylene glycogen.   16. Spring element for a spring mechanism ( 10 ), in particular for a measuring mechanism and / or pointer mechanism of a device for pressure or temperature determination, for the elastic pretensioning of an actuator ( 20 ) of the spring mechanism ( 10 ), characterized in that the spring element has a spiral spring ( 38 ), which is meandering in its longitudinal direction in one plane, the at least one meander loop ( 42 ) forming the flat side of the spiral spring ( 38 ). 17. Spring element according to claim 16, characterized in that the spring element ( 38 ) has a plurality of meandering loops ( 42 ) arranged next to one another in one plane, the distance between the meandering loops ( 42 ) preferably being constant. 18. Spring element according to claim 16 or 17, characterized in that the flat spiral spring ( 38 ) tapers starting from its end to be clamped in the direction of its free end ( 52 ) in such a way that its side edges formed by the turning points of the meandering loops ( 42 ) run at an angle to each other. 19. Spring element for a spring mechanism ( 70 ), in particular for a measuring mechanism and / or pointer mechanism of a device for pressure or temperature determination, for the elastic biasing of an actuator ( 20 ) of the spring mechanism ( 70 ), characterized in that the spring element is a tension spring is loaded coil spring ( 74 ), whose end ( 88 ) formed in the spring center ( 76 ) is to be coupled to the actuator ( 20 ) and whose eccentric end ( 84 ) can be connected to the housing of the spring mechanism ( 70 ). 20. Spring element according to claim 19, characterized in that the spiral spring ( 74 ) has a preferably constant distance between the turns ( 78 , 80 , 82 ), each individual turn ( 78 , 80 , 82 ) preferably in the form of a polygon, in particular which is preferably bent in the form of a rectangle or square, and in each case the end of the turn ( 78 , 80 ) of smaller dimension from the spring center ( 76 ) farther into the end of this winding ( 80 , 82 ) of larger dimension passes into the end. 21. Spring element according to one of claims 16 to 20, characterized in that at the free end of the spiral spring ( 38 ) or at the spring center point ( 76 ) formed end ( 88 ) of the coil spring ( 74 ), preferably as a band ( 40 , 92 ) formed coupling element for connecting the spiral spring ( 38 ) or the spiral spring ( 74 ) to the actuator ( 20 ). 22. Spring element according to claim 21, characterized in that at the free end of the coupling element ( 40 , 92 ) a sleeve ( 56 , 94 ) for attaching the coupling element ( 40 , 92 ) to the actuator ( 20 ) is formed. 23. Spring element according to one of claims 16 to 22, characterized in that on the housing of the spring mechanism ( 10 , 70 ) to be clamped in the end ( 84 ) of the spiral spring ( 38 ) or the spiral spring ( 74 ) a holding element ( 44 , 86 ) is provided, which can be locked on the housing of the spring mechanism ( 10 , 70 ). 24. Measuring device, in particular manometer, in which a spring mechanism ( 10 ) according to one of the preceding claims 1 to 15 is used as a measuring mechanism and / or pointer mechanism, the first actuator of the spring mechanism ( 10 ) as a pointer shaft ( 20 ) and the second actuator is designed as a multi-arm segment ( 30 ) which is operatively connected to a measuring unit and on which a toothing ( 32 ) is formed which is in engagement with a pinion ( 22 ) provided on the pointer shaft ( 20 ).