DE19938446A1 - Engraving method involves applying selected gas atmosphere to metal surface area on which laser beam is incident for duration of engraving process to cause coloration of surface - Google Patents
Engraving method involves applying selected gas atmosphere to metal surface area on which laser beam is incident for duration of engraving process to cause coloration of surfaceInfo
- Publication number
- DE19938446A1 DE19938446A1 DE19938446A DE19938446A DE19938446A1 DE 19938446 A1 DE19938446 A1 DE 19938446A1 DE 19938446 A DE19938446 A DE 19938446A DE 19938446 A DE19938446 A DE 19938446A DE 19938446 A1 DE19938446 A1 DE 19938446A1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- engraving
- laser beam
- duration
- metal surface
- gas atmosphere
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B44—DECORATIVE ARTS
- B44C—PRODUCING DECORATIVE EFFECTS; MOSAICS; TARSIA WORK; PAPERHANGING
- B44C1/00—Processes, not specifically provided for elsewhere, for producing decorative surface effects
- B44C1/22—Removing surface-material, e.g. by engraving, by etching
- B44C1/228—Removing surface-material, e.g. by engraving, by etching by laser radiation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/12—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring in a special atmosphere, e.g. in an enclosure
- B23K26/123—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring in a special atmosphere, e.g. in an enclosure in an atmosphere of particular gases
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/36—Removing material
- B23K26/40—Removing material taking account of the properties of the material involved
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
- B41M5/00—Duplicating or marking methods; Sheet materials for use therein
- B41M5/24—Ablative recording, e.g. by burning marks; Spark recording
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
- B23K2103/02—Iron or ferrous alloys
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
- B23K2103/08—Non-ferrous metals or alloys
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
- B23K2103/08—Non-ferrous metals or alloys
- B23K2103/10—Aluminium or alloys thereof
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
- B23K2103/08—Non-ferrous metals or alloys
- B23K2103/14—Titanium or alloys thereof
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
- B23K2103/50—Inorganic material, e.g. metals, not provided for in B23K2103/02 – B23K2103/26
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf ein Verfahren zum Gravieren, insbesondere Be schriften oder Berastern, einer metallischen Oberfläche nach dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1.The invention relates to a method for engraving, in particular loading writing or rasterization, a metallic surface according to the generic term of claim 1.
Es ist bekannt, Gravuren auf metallischen Oberflächen mechanisch durch Ein ritzen oder auf elektrochemischem Wege mit Hilfe von Ätzmitteln herzustellen, wobei sich die Farbgestaltung der Gravur durch die chemische Zusammen setzung des Ätzmittels beeinflussen läßt. Derartige Gravurverfahren sind je doch sehr zeitaufwendig und dementsprechend kostenintensiv.It is known to mechanically engrave on metallic surfaces by a scratch or produce them electrochemically with the help of etching agents, where the color design of the engraving is due to the chemical combination can influence the setting of the etchant. Such engraving processes are different yet very time-consuming and therefore costly.
Wesentlich einfacher und genauer dagegen sind Gravuren auf metallischen Oberflächen mit Hilfe der Laserstrahltechnik herstellbar. Der Hauptnachteil die ser Gravurmethode liegt in den häufig zu geringen Farbkontrasten zwischen der gravierten und der restlichen Metalloberfläche. So entsteht bei einer Laser gravur von Aluminiumblechen ein annähernd weißes Gravurmuster, das sich von dem weißsilbrigen Aluminiumblech kaum abhebt.On the other hand, engravings on metallic ones are much simpler and more precise Surfaces can be produced using laser beam technology. The main disadvantage is the This engraving method lies in the often too low color contrasts between the engraved and the rest of the metal surface. This is how a laser is created Engraving of aluminum sheets is an almost white engraving pattern barely stands out from the white-silver aluminum sheet.
Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, das Verfahren der eingangs genannten Art so zu gestalten, daß sich zwischen den lasergravierten und den ungravierten Flä chenbereichen einer metallischen Oberfläche ein ausgeprägter Farbkontrast erzielen läßt. The object of the invention is so to the method of the type mentioned shape that between the laser-engraved and the non-engraved surfaces areas of a metallic surface have a pronounced color contrast can be achieved.
Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß durch das im Patentanspruch 1 gekenn zeichnete Verfahren gelöst.This object is characterized by the in claim 1 drawn procedures solved.
Erfindungsgemäß wird die zum Zwecke der Qualitätsverbesserung etwa beim Laserstrahlschweißen von metallischen Werkstoffen, nicht aber in Verbindung mit Oberflächengravuren an sich bekannte Laserstrahlbearbeitung unter Gasatmosphäre für eine farboptische Gestaltung einer Oberflächengravur der art ausgenutzt, daß durch Wahl der Gasatmosphäre die optischen Eigenschaf ten der lasergravierten Flächenbereiche gezielt beeinflußt und dadurch Farbef fekte hoher Kontrastwirkung erreichbar werden.According to the invention for the purpose of quality improvement, for example Laser beam welding of metallic materials, but not in combination with surface engravings known per se under laser beam processing Gas atmosphere for a color optical design of a surface engraving Art exploited that by choosing the gas atmosphere, the optical properties targeted of the laser-engraved surface areas and thereby color perfect high contrast effect can be achieved.
Nach Anspruch 2 wird der Strahlauftreffbereich der metallischen Oberfläche vorzugsweise in ein nach außen abgegrenztes Reingasvolumen eingeschlos sen, wodurch sichergestellt wird, daß der metallische Umwandlungsprozeß weitgehend störungsfrei und homogen abläuft und zugleich der hierfür erfor derliche Gasverbrauch gering gehalten wird.According to claim 2, the beam impact area of the metallic surface preferably enclosed in an externally delimited clean gas volume sen, which ensures that the metallic conversion process runs largely undisturbed and homogeneous and at the same time the required Gas consumption is kept low.
Bei Aluminium-, Titan- oder eisenhaltigen Werkstücken wird ein besonders ausgeprägter Farbkontrast dadurch erzielt, daß diese, wie nach Anspruch 3 bevorzugt, in einer inert- und insbesondere Stickstoffatmosphäre lasergraviert werden. Dabei entstehen an der Metalloberfläche Nitritverbindungen, die sich aufgrund ihrer schwarzblauen Färbung deutlich von der übrigen, silbrig schim mernden Metalloberfläche abheben.With aluminum, titanium or iron-containing workpieces, one becomes special pronounced color contrast achieved in that, as in claim 3 preferred, laser engraved in an inert and in particular nitrogen atmosphere become. This creates nitrite compounds on the metal surface due to its black-blue coloration clearly different from the rest, silvery chim Lift off the metal surface.
Weitere Merkmale ergeben sich aus der nachfolgenden, beispielsweisen Be schreibung der Erfindung in Verbindung mit der Zeichnung, die in ihrer einzi gen Figur eine Gravuranlage zur Durchführung des erfindungsgemäßen Ver fahrens in stark schematisierter Darstellung zeigt. Further features result from the following example Be description of the invention in conjunction with the drawing, which is in its sole gene figure an engraving system for performing the inventive Ver shows driving in a highly schematic representation.
Die in der Zeichnung dargestellte Gravuranlage enthält einen zweiachsig ver stellbaren Werkstücktisch 2 zur Grobpositionierung des zu gravierenden Werk stücks, etwa eines Aluminiumblechs 4, sowie einen Gaslaser 6 in Form eines YAG-Beschriftungslasers mit einem Laserkopf 8 einschließlich eines (nicht gezeigten) Spiegelsystems zur Feinsteuerung des Laserstrahls. Die Strahllei stung und -breite des Gaslasers 6 sind veränderlich einstellbar, derart, daß die Strichstärke der Oberflächengravur zwischen 50 µm und 1 mm gewählt werden kann und die Eindringtiefe des Laserstrahls etwa 10 µm beträgt.The engraving system shown in the drawing contains a biaxially adjustable workpiece table 2 for rough positioning of the workpiece to be engraved, such as an aluminum sheet 4 , and a gas laser 6 in the form of a YAG marking laser with a laser head 8 including a (not shown) mirror system for fine control of the Laser beam. The Strahllei stung and width of the gas laser 6 are variably adjustable, such that the line width of the surface engraving can be selected between 50 microns and 1 mm and the depth of penetration of the laser beam is about 10 microns.
Ferner enthält die Anlage eine auf das zu gravierende Werkstück 4 aufsetzba re Gaskammer 10, die über ein Steuerventil 12 an einen Gasbehälter 14, z. B. einen Stickstofftank, angeschlossen ist. Um das Gasvolumen der Gaskammer 10 klein zu halten, überdeckt diese jeweils nur einen Teilbereich der insgesamt zu gravierenden Metalloberfläche.Further, the system includes a to the workpiece 4 to be engraved aufsetzba re gas chamber 10 to a gas container 14, such a control valve 12th B. a nitrogen tank is connected. In order to keep the gas volume of the gas chamber 10 small, it covers only a partial area of the overall metal surface to be engraved.
Zwischen der Unterkante der Gaskammer 10 und der Metalloberfläche ist ein Ringspalt 16 freigehalten, so daß das in der Gaskammer 10 zunächst vorhan dene Luftvolumen nach dem Öffnen des Steuerventils 12 durch den mit gerin gem Überdruck einströmenden Stickstoff aus der Gaskammer 10 ausgescho ben und während des anschließenden Gravurvorgangs durch die dann über den Ringspalt 16 austretende Stickstoffleckage ein Eindringen von Luft mit Si cherheit verhindert wird.Between the lower edge of the gas chamber 10 and the metal surface, an annular gap 16 is kept free, so that the air volume initially present in the gas chamber 10 after opening the control valve 12 is pushed out from the gas chamber 10 by the inflowing nitrogen with a slight excess pressure and during the subsequent Engraving process by the then emerging through the annular gap 16 leakage of air is prevented with security.
Nach der vollständigen Stickstoff-Befüllung der Gaskammer 10 beginnt mit dem Einschalten des Lasers 6 der eigentliche Gravurprozeß, bei dem das me tallische Material in den oberflächennahen Randzonen des Werkstücks 4 unter der Wirkung des Laserstrahls aufgeschmolzen und in Anwesenheit der Stick stoffatmosphäre zu einer Nitritverbindung umgewandelt wird. Das auf diese Weise erzeugte, abriebfeste Gravurmuster besitzt eine dunkelblaue Färbung, die in deutlichem Farbkontrast zu den übrigen, unbestrahlten Flächenbe reichen steht. Über das Spiegelsystem läßt sich, z. B. computergesteuert, prak tisch jedes beliebige Gravurmuster erzeugen, wobei großflächige Gravuren dadurch hergestellt werden, daß einzelne Teilflächen mit Hilfe des Werkstück tisches 2 nacheinander in den Bereich der Gaskammer 10 verfahren und dort lasergraviert werden.After complete nitrogen filling of the gas chamber 10 of the laser 6, the actual engraving process, wherein the me-metallic material melted in the near-surface edge zones of the workpiece 4 under the action of the laser beam and gas atmosphere in the presence of the stick begins converted to a nitride compound with the turning is . The abrasion-resistant engraving pattern produced in this way has a dark blue color, which is in a clear color contrast to the other, unexposed areas. About the mirror system can, for. B. computer-controlled, practically generate any engraving pattern, large-scale engravings are made in that individual sub-areas with the help of the workpiece table 2 move one after the other in the region of the gas chamber 10 and are laser engraved there.
Das beschriebene Verfahren eignet sich zum Beschriften, Dekorieren oder Berastern von metallischen Oberflächen mit hohem Farbkontrast. Bei einem konkreten Ausführungsbeispiel wurden Aluminiumbleche mit dicht aufeinander folgenden Kreislinien in einer Strichstärke von etwa 50 µm und einem Kreis durchmesser von jeweils einigen mm in einer Stickstoffatmosphäre unter Luft ausschluß berastert, um nach der späteren Kaltverformung der Aluminiumble che aus dem Verzerrungsgrad der einzelnen Kreisringe die örtliche Material streckung nach Größe und Richtung zu ermitteln. Aufgrund des starken Farb kontrastes des eingravierten Kreismusters war eine einwandfreie Auswertung gewährleistet.The method described is suitable for labeling, decorating or Scanning of metallic surfaces with high color contrast. At a Concrete embodiment was aluminum sheets with close to each other following circular lines with a line width of about 50 microns and a circle diameter of a few mm each in a nitrogen atmosphere under air exclusion rastered after the later cold forming of the aluminum sheet the local material from the degree of distortion of the individual circular rings to determine aspect ratio according to size and direction. Because of the strong color contrast of the engraved circular pattern was a perfect evaluation guaranteed.
Claims (3)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19938446A DE19938446A1 (en) | 1999-08-13 | 1999-08-13 | Engraving method involves applying selected gas atmosphere to metal surface area on which laser beam is incident for duration of engraving process to cause coloration of surface |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19938446A DE19938446A1 (en) | 1999-08-13 | 1999-08-13 | Engraving method involves applying selected gas atmosphere to metal surface area on which laser beam is incident for duration of engraving process to cause coloration of surface |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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DE19938446A1 true DE19938446A1 (en) | 2001-02-15 |
Family
ID=7918316
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DE19938446A Withdrawn DE19938446A1 (en) | 1999-08-13 | 1999-08-13 | Engraving method involves applying selected gas atmosphere to metal surface area on which laser beam is incident for duration of engraving process to cause coloration of surface |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
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DE (1) | DE19938446A1 (en) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2003106099A2 (en) * | 2002-06-14 | 2003-12-24 | Gian Paolo Meloni | Method for generating iridescence on metallic surfaces |
ITVR20100234A1 (en) * | 2010-12-09 | 2012-06-10 | Metal Riv S R L | PROCESS OF PROCESSING A MIRROR SLAB AND PLANT FOR THE REALIZATION OF THE SAME |
CN111230325A (en) * | 2020-01-19 | 2020-06-05 | 上海锡喜材料科技有限公司 | Technological invention about CCGA welding column |
Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DD226806A1 (en) * | 1984-09-14 | 1985-09-04 | Ilmenau Tech Hochschule | PROCEDURE FOR LABELING, MARKING AND DECORATING |
-
1999
- 1999-08-13 DE DE19938446A patent/DE19938446A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DD226806A1 (en) * | 1984-09-14 | 1985-09-04 | Ilmenau Tech Hochschule | PROCEDURE FOR LABELING, MARKING AND DECORATING |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
JP 2-258183 A.,In: Patents Abstracts of Japan, M-1066,Jan. 8,1991,Vol.15,No. 6 * |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2003106099A2 (en) * | 2002-06-14 | 2003-12-24 | Gian Paolo Meloni | Method for generating iridescence on metallic surfaces |
WO2003106099A3 (en) * | 2002-06-14 | 2004-02-19 | Gian Paolo Meloni | Method for generating iridescence on metallic surfaces |
ITVR20100234A1 (en) * | 2010-12-09 | 2012-06-10 | Metal Riv S R L | PROCESS OF PROCESSING A MIRROR SLAB AND PLANT FOR THE REALIZATION OF THE SAME |
EP2463114A1 (en) * | 2010-12-09 | 2012-06-13 | Metal Riv S.r.l. | Method for processing a brushed, glazed or mirror plate and plant for the obtainment thereof. |
CN111230325A (en) * | 2020-01-19 | 2020-06-05 | 上海锡喜材料科技有限公司 | Technological invention about CCGA welding column |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
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OM8 | Search report available as to paragraph 43 lit. 1 sentence 1 patent law | ||
8141 | Disposal/no request for examination |