DE19912389A1 - Liquid crystal laser display has laser sensors which feedback pulses to allow calibration of laser beams focussed on liquid crystal layer - Google Patents

Abstract

The display consists of several adaptive laser write modules and a liquid crystal plate comprising a double-periodic mask and a bistable liquid crystal layer. The mask lies directly proximate to the LC layer. Several laser write units with vertical and horizontal deflectable laser beams focussed on the LC layer, are arranged next to and above each other, behind the LC plate. The laser write units include individual modulation- and interface-logic circuitry. Laser sensors for feedback are arranged in front of or behind the plate to form a correspondence between the time-dependent horizontal and vertical deflection of the laser beam and the sub-pixel-precision coordinates of the laser beam on the LC layer. Using the fed back pulses from the laser sensors, the interface logic circuitry can perform an initial calibration of the laser beams. The laser beams are then continuously monitored.

Description

Subject of the registration

The invention relates to a high-resolution color display based on a bistable liquid crystal, which is brought an optically dispersive state and in again by means of a field strength the original transparent initial state can be reset. Directional background radiation with white light is used as the light source used. However, strong front lighting can alternatively be used become. A deflectable infrared laser is used to describe the liquid crystal beam used. To be able to generate all color values on the display, specially dimensioned color grayscale masks are used.

Task

The invention has for its object to develop a high-resolution color display with the help of the above-mentioned components, the surface size of which can be expanded in a modular manner without the area-specific color resolution quality being reduced. On a display area of 1 mm ^{2, it} should be possible to display up to 100 color image points, each of which can independently display the full color information in up to 3.2 ⁸ color levels. If a colored representation is not used, a special mask is to achieve an increased resolution in black and white shades of gray. The display should be erasable and rewritable. The frequency of rewritability should be increased in various stages of expansion up to a real-time display. Such a display should be able to be expanded to a 3-dimensional display by adding lenticular screens and using specially designed color grayscale masks. The LC disk itself should do without a cost-intensive electrical matrix structure. To achieve the high local resolution, a high-precision optical color and grayscale filter should be applied to the pane or film. The radiating or representing area of the display should be able to achieve a size of 20 to 30 "(inch) as standard size without gaps. For the housing, a relatively small overall depth in comparison to the width should be possible.

the solution of the problem

According to the invention, the formulated task is achieved through the interaction of the following six coordinated measures:

• 1. Applying double-periodic focal masks ( 9 ), which act as color and damping filters on the LC disk;
• 2. Modularization and parallelization of repetitive laser beam units;
• 3. Insert a particularly thin layer of liquid ( 7 ), which can only be switched in binary mode in the "fully transparent" or "fully scattering"states;
• 4. time and locally calibrated adaptation of the laser beams ( 3 , 4 ) on each laser unit separately;
• 5. Applying a locally calibrating laser sensor system to the LC cover ( 8 );
• 6. Use of binary sub-pixel coding, the slight local displacement exercises tolerated.

Each of the individual measures mentioned can be implemented in different expansion stages or different expansion forms; For example, the double-periodic mask ( 9 ) can be composed of repetitive pixel fields ( 10 ) which have nine different individual fields, cf. Fig. 2, fields 1 to 9 within a pixel field ( 10 ). The various individual fields of the mask can in turn be generated by superimposing a horizontal stripe mask ( 12 ) and a vertical stripe mask ( 13 ). The horizontal mask can be a color filter that has the three color strips RGB (red, green, blue), in which three color strips can be separated by a black opaque strip, but need not, so that this strip group has a pitch spacing P _V . The vertical stripe mask lying behind or in front of it can be a pure damping mask, which is composed of repeating groups of, for example, four individual stripes with the pitch spacing P _H. Each individual strip then causes a wavelength-independent attenuation of the light, without the individual rays being scattered, with the attenuation coefficients k ₁ , k ₂ , k ₃ , k ₄ (cf. FIG. 3). However, the repetitive pixel mask ( 10 ) can also be a monochrome mask, which is composed of different attenuation fields, as is shown in FIG. 7. In such a case, it is, for example, a monochrome display with a particularly high resolution.

The modularity of the laser and lighting unit ( 2 ) mentioned under point 2 means that, for example, 3 × 4 = 12 identical laser and lighting units are mounted tightly packed behind the display panel; however, the smallest embodiment can also consist of a single laser unit behind a small LC disk.

The particularly thin liquid crystal layer mentioned under point 3 means that individual subpixels with a size of approximately 4 × 4 or 5 × 5 μm ² can be set into binary states. A particularly thin layer of about 3 to 4 µm then has the advantage that the states can be set and reset with particularly low energy.

The adaptation of the laser beams mentioned in point 4 means that independently in a calibrated assignment of the surface coordinates of the individual laser unit Laser beams on the LC layer to the 2-dimensionally deflected laser rays can be made. The unit of deflectable laser beams can be generated in a laser diode or in an array of Laser diodes whose beam path is focused by a lens on the LC layer becomes.

The laser sensor system ( 8 ) mentioned under point 5 consists of at least 4 light diodes (but usually more) per laser module area, which are applied in those mask regions in which a black opaque filter strip is present. These diodes have a particularly high sensitivity in the wavelength range of the infrared laser light. When a laser beam is briefly slipped on, a pulse is reported back to the laser adaptation and the local coordinate is thus measured for the time assignment. This measurement is repeated continuously so that thermal expansions or other displacements can be corrected continuously. This enables sub-pixel-precise addressing by temporal modeling of the laser beams.

The sub-pixel coding mentioned in point 6 causes the number in each pixel of the set subpixels per color and brightness field within a pixel is that by the additive overlay of all fields in a pixel the correct color brightness value is achieved. For this, one for the respective mask optimal code table calculated and stored in a memory of a laser module sets. Examples of such coding tables, each color value up to 8 bit accuracy are given in the appendix. A coding table is usually used also be created across all pixels in order to avoid possible slight local moiré To be able to compensate for patterns.

For a high-resolution LCL display, which was created by the measures described above, three different embodiments are possible:

• 1. LCL display with laser and lighting module in the background, as shown in Fig. 1;
• 2. LCL display with front lighting and laser writing module in the background, as shown in FIG. 10a;
• 3. LCL display with removable foils, which can be written on and erased using a separate laser device (photo version with lighting, see Fig. 10b).

State of the art

The display industry has seen one of the strongest growth in recent years markets worldwide. Flat displays are practical as series products not older than 20 years. During 1994 sales of flat panel displays worldwide was still around $ 14 billion in 2000, double that for 2000 large global market sales of approximately $ 28 billion expected. Sales for the competing cathode ray tubes have remained roughly constant in recent years  at around $ 25 billion. The strongest group of flat displays are the TFT Displays, of which over 1 million are currently manufactured annually, of which about over 95% in Japan. The main group of flat displays used Liquid crystals as an optical medium, including the TFT display (Thin Film Techno logy). A current technical overview of liquid crystals is in the article [1] to find.

TFT display with TN cell

The main application group of liquid crystals based on TN cells (TN: Twisted Nematic). Between suitable surfaces These liquid crystals polarize the light and reverse the plane of polarization 90 ° from entering to exiting. In front of and behind the TN cell are additional parallel polarizing filters housed with Polarisa also offset by 90 ° direction, so that polarized light can pass through in this basic state. Is perpendicular to the liquid crystal layer over ITO electrodes (indium tin oxide) an electric field strength is applied, the polarizing threads of the Liquid crystal and the polarization effect of the liquid crystal disappears proportional to the growing field strength. At a voltage of 5 to 10 V. reached the state of saturation in which the liquid crystal the direction of polarization no longer rotates so that no light can pass due to the before and behind it are 90 ° polarization filters.

As I said, the most important application group is TFT displays. With these Displays are 3 parallel TN cells (twisted Nematic) used. There is a color filter for red in front of each of these TN cells; green and blue light components so that they overlap at full hel white again. Each of these sub-pixel TN cells belongs on its own Layers a driven transistor and a capacitor that a certain The voltage between the ITO electrodes of the TN cell is maintained. About a quick one Row and column decoder, the transistor briefly with the signal voltage controlled. The transistor holds the voltage for the duration of an image cycle. Finally, there is white backlighting on a TFT display used while no rear for a panel for an overhead projector  basic lighting is required; this is from the light source of the overhead Projector. This is the main function of a TFT display described. The pixel size of TFT displays can go down to 50 µm. In the case of a display with, for example, 1280 × 1024 pixels, one must Foil or on a glass over 3 × 1.3 million independent cells with transistor control can be implemented in parallel, of which each individual active cell functions would have to kidney. Due to the large number of layers required, this is a product challenge for high precision. In reality, however, one tolerates a certain quality class of displays 10 to 30 not working Subpixels that the eye does not notice if they do not appear frequently.

Bistable SCT liquid crystals

TN cells can also be optically different in two Chen states remain without energy supply when the TN liquid crystal choles steric materials can be added. Between two groomed walls a planar helix forms in the liquid crystal, i. H. a spiral Molecular arrangement. The material can then have certain colors in this state reflect. When applying an electric field perpendicular to the liquid crystal The molecular chains are aligned in the direction of the field, causing layer the material becomes transparent or dark against a black background appears. If the voltage is switched off again, the material remains in it second state stable. This condition can remain for years. Becomes Once again an even higher electric field is created, so sort themselves the liquid crystals completely in the direction perpendicular to the layer and gradually When this voltage is switched off, they return to their original planar state back. These liquid crystals are called SCTLCs (Stabilized Cholesteric Texture Liquid Crystals). The advantage of such bistable materials is that individual pixels are set and deleted one after the other via short pulses can, if the individual pixels have separate ITO electrodes, the short-term can be controlled via horizontal and vertical paths. Described Images remain saved without energy.  

PDLCs

A class of liquid crystals related to TN cells are PDLCs (Polymer Dispersed Liquid Crystals), which have a scattering condition and a Transparent state can be used for use in displays. Many applications for displays are based on the polarizing effect of the Liquid crystals; however, 50% of the light is not used. This is not the case with scatter displays; in addition, it is possible to use light scattering materials to achieve higher resolutions. The dispersive liquid Crystals are in the ground state with a random arrangement of the crystal structure They are milky, so they scatter light that hits or shines through them. Becomes a electric field applied perpendicular to an LC layer, this arranges itself Crystal structure and the crystal becomes transparent, so transparent. Are on the LC surfaces ITO electrodes attached, so you can see the liquid crystal back and forth between these two states by means of electrical field strengths switch over. With small transparent and wired electrodes you can open drive separate pixels in this way and achieve an image display.

Bistable FN scatter displays

Bistable scattering liquid crystals, which work on the basis of "Filled Nematics" (FN), play a special role. FN materials are a mixture of nematic liquid crystals and a small proportion of highly disperse silica. The nematic liquid crystal layer is in a thickness of 5 to 10 µm, usually between two ITO electrodes, for generating an electric field strength perpendicular to the LC layer. Because of the large optical anisotropy of the nematic liquid crystal and the random position of the preferred direction in the individual domains, such a cell appears milky. Due to the occurrence of an electric field strength between the electrodes, the nematic domains are aligned uniformly perpendicular to the cell surface (homeotropic) due to the positive dielectric anisotropy and the cell becomes transparent. After removing the external electrical field, this state remains stable. By means of slight transparent admixtures that absorb in red light, it is achieved that focused laser beams heat the liquid crystal to a few µm ² so that the homeotropic state disappears again, or the liquid crystal material is locally switched back to the scattering state [2].

Reflective liquid crystals

Are particularly interesting for mobile applications reflective liquid crystals that do without backlighting and only work with the ambient light. Such a liquid crystal is, for example PDLC cell mentioned above. It can be achieved with a polarization-free method be that by applying an electric field to the liquid crystal molecules in the PDLC droplets align themselves parallel to the field and the material trans make parent appear, which allows ambient light to pass through and in a black layer behind it is absorbed; at this point he the cell appears black. When de-energized, the PDLC cell reflects the outer light falling on them. Color reflections can also be reached with Nematic cells: Such displays contain in the nematic liquid crystal host embedded dichroic color molecules whose absorption of light in Direction of the long molecular axis is large and perpendicular to it is very small. By Rotation of the molecules in the electric field can thus be between a bright and in a dark state. Contrasts that can be achieved are about 8: 1, but from a wide angle. A reflective guest-host cell can also achieve very small dimensions in the 10 µm range.

Plasma displays

The increasingly important class of flat panel displays are light-emitting plasma displays. Plasma displays generally work with cells that are filled with neon and xenon. Applying a voltage in the order of magnitude of several 100 V creates a gas discharge that emits UV light and stimulates the phosphor layer of the pixels to glow. The phosphors used are, for example, Y ₂ O ₃ : Eu for red, Zn ₂ SiO ₄ : Mn for green, BaMgAl ₄ O ₂₃ :: Eu for blue. The luminous efficacy that can be achieved thereby reaches up to 0.65 lm / W. In particular, plasma displays are used for new flat television screens, since they can be produced in high color quality over a large area up to over 50 "screen images.

PALCs

Plasma-addressed liquid crystal displays (PALCs) have emerged  excellent switching properties of plasma cells developed. This class von Displays works with regular liquid crystal displays and replace the TFT Control by a plasma-addressed control. However, they are achievable line and column grid not less than 700 µm. The advantage of PALCs is the economical production of large-area displays using TFT-TN technology cannot currently reach. PALCs therefore appear to be a promise of success Most convenient solution for flat TV screens.

Electroluminescent displays (EL)

Great brightness levels are achieved with electroluminescent displays. The light emission is generated in a semiconductor material by injecting electrons and holes through small electrical fields into n- and p-doped areas of LEDs. However, small pixel areas under 1 mm ^{2 are} hardly feasible. LEDs fill a market niche in which a bright monochromatic light is sufficient, for example in public scoreboards, in displays in stadiums or for brake lights in the automotive sector.

Organic Electroluminescent Displays (OELDs)

Organic electroluminescent displays represent a new, very promising class. As a light-emitting layer, a polymer, e.g. B. poly-p-phenylene vinylene (PPV), is set. Low supply voltages of around 3 V and very short switching times in the µs range are particularly attractive for mobile devices. The usable peak brightness has already reached 10 ² to 10 ³ cd / m ² , which corresponds to a light efficiency of 3 lm / W in red, 20 lm / W in green and 6 lm / W in blue. So far, there are hardly any developments in which OELDs with complex control circuits have been used for large-area displays, but an enormous range of future applications is still conceivable. Color displays up to a size of 10 "have become known. Basically, large-area displays are also conceivable here [5]

bibliography

[1] E. Lüder: Liquid Crystal Displays: Trends in Research and Production, Euroforum Conference Display 97, Stuttgart, 1997.
[2] M. Kreuzer, T. Tschudi, WH de Jeu, R. Eidenschink: New liquid crystal display with bistability and selective erasure using scattering in filled nema tics, Appl. Phys. Lett. 62 (15), 1993, pp. 1712-1714.
[3] S. Hentschke: Stereo hologram display, patent specification DE 196 46 046 C1, PCT WO 98/21 619 (1998).
[4] M Kreuzer, R; Eidenschink: Selectively alterable optical data memory, U.S. Patent No. 5,532,952, 1996.
[5] Nu Yu, H. Schenk, H. Spreitzer, W. Kreuder, H. Becker: Organic Poly-LEDs, 8th ITG conference, Garmisch, display and vacuum electronics, 1998.

Detailed description

The Liquid Crystal Laser Display (LCLDISP) is made up of an LC panel ( 1 ) and several laser and lighting modules ( 2 ) that are repetitively arranged behind it. The parts are, as shown in Fig. 1, held together by a housing with the smallest possible depth, cf. Fig. 1. That there is also a power supply unit need not be mentioned here. Functionally different layers are located in the LC disk itself. The surface of the disc itself is slightly dispersive ( 20 ) in order to mix jumps in brightness. On the inside there is a double-periodic pixel mask ( 9 ) with a horizontal pixel width P _H and a vertical pixel height P _V , which is composed of a superimposition of a color and attenuation filter described later in more detail. Directly behind this filter is the liquid crystal layer ( 7 ) with a thickness between 3 and 5 µm. ITO electrodes ( 23 ) are sputtered onto the walls of the front and back of the liquid crystal layer. The transparent rear cover of the LC layer ( 22 ) carries on the back small laser beam sensors, which are applied in places where the horizontal mask has opaque stripes. There are at least 4, but usually more, wired diodes per laser and lighting module ( 2 ). The lens material itself usually consists of a combination of normal glass and acrylic. Thin horizontal light absorber strips ( 21 ) are cast into the acrylic glass where the horizontal mask has black stripes. These small absorber strips have the task of absorbing the illuminating rays, which run obliquely from top to bottom and pass through the liquid crystal without being scattered. The transparent areas of the liquid crystal then appear as black, while the areas around the dispersive state, called subpixels, emit white light and run through the filter towards the viewing area. The local interaction of the radiating and non-radiating subpixels in the liquid crystal with the various mask filters is of particular importance. The dispersive smallest regions in the liquid crystal set by short focused laser pulses are called sub pixels ( 30 ). These independently controllable subpixels lie entirely inside constant mask fields ( 11 ) into which the mask of a pixel is divided; see. For this purpose, Fig. 2 and 6. In the transition regions of a mask field to another, for example from F1 to F2, in principle unset liquid crystal strips are provided, ie strips in which the liquid crystal is always transparent. This is e.g. B. illustrated in pixel array 25 of FIG. 6. These non-settable transition areas from one pixel array to another allow a slight offset between the LC subpixel and the mask, without resulting in color changes. This is also the advantage of this fully digital pixel coding with a primary binary C-subpixel control compared to analog solutions: slight manufacturing tolerances of the masks do not lead to any visible errors in the range up to half a subpixel. The subpixels are individually described by independent modulatable laser beams that can be deflected in the x and y direction. A described LC layer is erased by applying an electrical field between the two ITO electrodes at the edge of the LC layer. As a rule, the deletion takes place simultaneously over a previously defined surface area, which consists of a large number of pixels within a surface module. The voltage supply to the ITO electrodes can take place on strip conductors within the black masks.

The laser writing and lighting concept provides that both the laser and the lighting beams are also generated in individual, independent modules those that are constructed identically and therefore later produced in large series can be. All modules are usually connected in parallel Data channels controlled. This modular concept leads to a number of Advantages that are summarized below.

There is a laser unit ( 6 ) and a lighting unit ( 5 ) in each laser writing and lighting module ( 2 ). The lighting source in a module provides the background lighting for the module surface above. The part of the white light that radiates through the transparent parts of the liquid crystal is absorbed in the absorber strip ( 21 ), the other part is scattered and gives the light source for the mask. The lighting and laser unit can be installed independently in one module, so that, for example, only one lighting unit, but no horizontally radiating laser unit, is present in a lower module. There are initially two options for the laser writing units: one that emits laser light diagonally upwards ( 2 ) and thus describes the module surface above it, and a second one that irradiates its own module surface and the laser beam ( 4 ) runs horizontally. In front of the modulated infrared light emitting laser diode is a horizontal and vertical deflection unit and a lens, which ensures that the laser beam is focused on the LC layer ( 7 ). An integrated module generates the deflection voltages and the synchronized modulation pulses. In addition, a coding module and an adaptation module are present in each laser unit. This receives pulses from laser sensors at precisely the times when the laser beam sweeps over this light detector. An adaptation logic evaluates this control loop information and gives the modulator the correct times that belong to a specific sub-pixel address on the area. Since the laser modulators can work very quickly (right down to the GHz range), it is possible to address them very precisely.

In principle, it is possible that the individual subpixels that a laser beam writes on the LC layer can also carry gray-scale information corresponding to a pulse length. However, since these analog intermediate stages generally contain a non-definable and inconsistent noise component, the gray area is dispensed with here and a solution with purely binary states is sought, so that a laser setting pulse always has the same size and a subpixel ( 30 ) writes on the liquid crystal with a diameter of about 4 to 5 µm. Since there are only two states for the subpixels, either scattering light immission or none, the light must then be filtered using a mask so that the correct color pixel information appears on the surface of the pane if the light has a pixel size with the dimensions P _H and P _{V is integrated} in the horizontal and vertical directions. For this purpose, a pixel mask is provided, which is divided into different area fields ( 11 ), cf. Fig. 2. The mask for a pixel is then repeated twice periodically in the x and y direction, so that the entire surface mask ( 9 ) is created. A certain number of subpixels fit into each surface element ( 11 ) of the pixel mask. The position of active subpixels is provided such that they lie entirely within a field of the pixel matrix, ie there is no active pixel on the transition area from one field to a neighboring field of the matrix. It is envisaged that strips not described in these transitional areas lie in the width of a sub-pixel, as is shown, for example, in FIG. 6, partial image 29 and FIG. 7, partial image 36 .

The basic mask of a double-periodic disk mask ( 9 ) is the pixel mask ( 10 ). It is composed of individual constituent subfields ( 11 ) which can contain filters F1 to Fn which are different from one another, of which nine fields F1 to F9 are shown in FIG. 2. In general, all nine fields can perform independent filter functions with regard to colors and brightness. The mask making process can include film exposure or sputtering and can consist of multiple steps for horizontal and vertical filters. An overall mask, which is composed of a horizontal color mask and a vertical brightness mask, is shown in FIG. 3. Here, the horizontal stripes of a pixel consist of the colors RGB, ie red, green, blue and an opaque stripe black, while the vertical stripes consist of four brightness strips with the damping coefficients K ₁ , K ₂ , K ₃ and K ₄ . These streaks of light attenuate all wavelengths of visible light by the same factor without the rays being scattered. Is a basic pixel mask based on the additive overlay of z. B. three vertical filter strips and three horizontal filter strips together, then 3 × 3 = 9 independent filtering can not be selected within the base matrix, but only 2 × 3 = 6. However, this means no restriction in the case of color pixels, since each color in the same brightness levels must be divided.

Fig. 4 shows an arrangement in which the horizontal pixel mask ( 7 ) consists of the three colors RGB (red, green, blue) and the black stripe S, while the vertical brightness mask ( 18 ) is composed of only three brightness stripes, the middle damping-free stripes covered five pixels inside and the other two two. So if each color stripe contains two subpixels inside, the total coding for a color is made up of 10 subpixels for the middle brightness stripe and 4 for the two neighboring ones at the edge. How finally the controllable subpixels lie in the two-dimensional basic fields is illustrated in image 19 of FIG. 4.

In addition, Fig. 4 also shows a vertical section through the LC panel (1). The pane itself is made of acrylic or glass and has a slightly scattering surface on the front, while thin strips for the liquid crystal layer ( 7 ) are embedded on the back. These strips have the usable width of a horizontal pixel mask ( 17 ), which consists of the three colors RGB in FIG. 4. The double-periodic pixel mask consists of horizontal strips which are applied to the inside of the cutouts for the LC layer ( 7 ), so that this color mask is only separated from the liquid crystal by a thin ITO electrode ( 23 ). On the back of a thin transparent film is rolled, on which in some places where there is no LC layer, laser light-sensitive diodes are applied. So that the illumination rays shown in FIG. 5 ( 6 a), which fall through the LC layer and through the mask without being scattered, are absorbed, absorber strips ( 21 ) are cast into the pane. These are located where the horizontal mask has the black stripes. Fig. 5 shows the example of a mask, which is composed of three horizontal stripes and four equal damping strips. The four stripes have a width of three subpixels, so that a pixel size ( 19 ) of 12 × 12 subpixels is created. Four active pixels can thus be controlled in each mask field that remains the same.

The rear cover ( 22 ) of the LC disk also contains an ITO electrode on the side facing the liquid crystal, so that a field strength can be applied between these two electrodes for erasing. The liquid crystal layer ( 7 ) contains infrared absorbing particles. The laser pulses striking from behind are then absorbed by the liquid crystal and heat it up at this point, so that the liquid crystal tips over into a scattering state. The laser beams are preferably focused in approximately horizontal direction Rich ( 4 ) directed onto the liquid crystal. However, a variant can also be implemented in which the laser beams ( 3 ) and the illumination beams are generated by the neighboring module.

Fig. 6 shows an example of a pixel mask, together with the associated sub-pixels of the liquid crystal be writable, for a full 3 x 8 bit color code. Field 24 shows the horizontal color filter, of which each individual color strip has a width of 4 subpixels, three of which can be used actively. For each sub-pixel ( 30 ) itself, a size of 5 µm × 5 µm is provided, so that a pixel size of 80 µm × 80 µm, as shown in partial image 27 , comes about. Part 25 shows how the vertical brightness filter with 5 damping strips overlaps. In this example, the individual vertical attenuation strips ( 32 ) have the following attenuation values, starting from the inside: 0 dB, 9.2 dB, 14.1 dB, 22.5 dB and 28.9 dB (see drawing 28 ). As shown in drawing 29 , 3 active subpixels can be accommodated in each color in the outer two attenuation strips, 6 active subpixels in the two inner and 12 in the middle. Sub-picture 25 once again illustrates the controllable active subpixels in the individual fields. The individual attenuation values of the brightness stripes were determined using an optimization program that minimizes the quantization of the brightness gradations for the individual colors (square error minimization), so that overall a brightness gradation in 8 bit resolution is achieved for each color. The control code generated is listed in the appendix. This code table data can be stored and used in integrated form as EPROM values in every module. A more detailed description of the coding is given below.

If you only want to implement a grayscale display, you can reduce the pixel size to an area of around 40 µm × 40 µm. Such an example of a mask is shown in FIG. 7. In this case, the pixel mask consists of a two-dimensional brightness mask with 6 different attenuation values in the 6 different fields. The field F1 has an attenuation value of 0 dB and contains 12 actively controllable binary subpixels in the interior. An optimal attenuation value of 8.6 dB was determined for field F2 with a total of 6 controllable subpixels inside. Field F3 has an attenuation value of 14.3 dB on the inside of four controllable subpixels. Field 4 also has the increased attenuation value of 21.5 dB with 4 controllable subpixels. For the fields of the F5 and F6, 2 active subpixels each remain for control inside with attenuation values of 22.7 dB and 36.0 dB, respectively. For this example too, a code table achieved with an optimization program is shown in the appendix, which, as shown in the quantization levels, ideally allows 8-bit gray-scale coding.

Of course, both for color pixels and for grayscale pixels other arrangements than the mask fields shown in the two examples are possible  Lich. The number of controllable binary subpixels required can also be used can be reduced if one takes into account that the visibility limit is coarser Quantizations allowed at higher brightness values. The measured perception availability threshold is at relative quantization values of approximately 2% in medium brightness range, while the quantizations at low brightness values and high brightness values may rise even further. That means, that with a relative brightness value of 150, a quantization jump of three levels is allowed, i.e. to 153 or 147 in the area. In the Optimization is pragmatic: you give a possible number of subpixels per brightness field, use it in the optimization program and control, whether the objective function for quantization is achieved. If not, it must the number of subpixels per field changed or increased overall. The he The results are the damping values per field and the associated coding table.

For a high-resolution LCL display, it can be advantageous to move the high-loss backgrid lighting unit to the outside. This leads to the reflective embodiments for a display. One variant is particularly interesting: instead of an LCL pane, an inexpensive, removable LCL film can be used, which can be written on and erased using a similar laser device. This film can then be placed as an image in an illuminated frame. An external design of the reflective embodiments is shown in FIG. 10. Because of the required good lighting, it is advantageous to provide the picture itself with a light-absorbing frame. The image shown in FIG. 10b provides that a cut film can be written on a separate laser device. This film is stretched into a frame that can be illuminated from the front on a black background. What is particularly important in these two reflective embodiments is explained in more detail below.

A reflective LCL display differs from the rear in three ways backlit:

1. A light absorber is required behind the LCD panel so that the LC regions, which are considered to be transparent, appear dark in front lighting. The regions of the LC layer that are in the dispersive state reflect the light forward. Since the light passes through the filter masks twice, back and forth, the filter masks only have half the attenuation coefficient compared to the background lighting. The color filter masks themselves also have a somewhat broader spectrum. The structure of the masks remains the same throughout. Fig. 8 shows a structure in which the mask ( 38 ) can be rolled onto a disc, while the liquid crystal strips are housed in an adhesive film bed. An anti-reflective layer ( 39 ) is applied to the surface of the pane so that no disturbing reflections form when the foreground is illuminated. For the light absorption in the background in Fig. 8 mini barrier strips ( 37 ) are brought up, which run in the direction of the laser description. The light absorption can, however, also advantageously be provided by large black walls, each of which extends up and down on a laser writing unit to the pane. The laser writing direction at an angle from above guarantees that the background can remain completely black.

Since foils, roll-on masks and liquid crystal layers that can be embedded in foils are fundamentally inexpensive to produce (even over a large area), a variant with foils that uses the same principles is particularly interesting. In contrast to a pane that has laser light sensors on the background, the laser light calibration can be done through holes in the mask. When the laser beam crosses the holes in the mask, which can also be arranged in a specific code, a pulse is returned to the laser unit on the sensor layer in front of it. This unit again perceives the calibration and continuous adaptation. Advantageously, the liquid crystal layers in pixel size ( 40 ) are embedded in the background film in isolation. The masks can be rolled onto a cover film ( 42 ) and glued together with the coated bed film ( 41 ). The exact metering of the liquid crystal pixels on the background film can be carried out similarly to inkjet heads and with these heads, droplet detections of the order of 5-10 ng are possible with the required local precision. For reasons of cost, ITO electrodes are not used for this film. However, there is no need to do without extensive deletion and rewriting. Since the foils are kept relatively thin, they can be erased by an external electric field using high voltage. This delete function can also be provided on the writing instrument.

Finally, the lighting loss performance is briefly discussed. In comparison to TFT displays, the illuminance for LCL displays only needs To be about twice as large, however, can also be of comparable sizes reach after mask. Due to the parallel splitting of the light in TFT displays, who work with TN cells can only use a third of the light output and by using polarized light 50% of the light goes on lost power, so that overall only one sixth of the light output with TFT-Dis plays can be passed on to the maximum. The split into three color components The same thing happens here with the LCL displays, while another part takes place lost through the color mask. Would the proportion of the damping area in the Brightness mask only 50% would be the same loss of light as with TFT Given displays. By special design of the brightness masks can here a gain in luminous efficacy at the expense of brightness quantization be performed.

Sub-pixel coding

When coding it must be taken into account that each subpixel can be switched on and off on its own. Are in a constant Brightness field n active subpixels housed inside, so n + 1 Brightness levels can be achieved: namely 0 subpixels switched on until all Subpixel switched on. The association is between these two extreme cases Subpixels switched on are not unique. So that additional structuring against the local brightness distributions are to be avoided in the coding two alternatives are provided: for ambiguous divisions in a light a random division is selected in each case; the second option  consists of a cross-pixel assignment within the same fields, the avoids possible fluctuations in brightness density.

The assignment of amplitude quantizations to switched-on subpixels is discussed in more detail below. The assignment takes into account that the emitted light output grows quadratically with the amplitude. A relative brightness level of 255 is required for the relative assignment. This value 255 is reached when all controllable subpixels in a color field of a pixel are switched on. The value 0 is reached if none of these subpixels is switched on. The i-th brightness field within a color of a pixel has the damping coefficient k _i. . The first brightness field F1 has the damping coefficient k ₁ = 1, so it is damping-free, while the damping coefficients of the other filters are less than 1. Let A _{i be the} number of subpixels that can be switched on within the i-th field of constant brightness. The total number of possible brightness levels within a color is then given by Formula 1:

(Fo1) A _G = (A ₁ + 1) * (A ₂ + 1) *. . . * (A ₆ + 1)

The number of activated subpixels in the nth field Fn is i _n . Then the relative brightness amplitude based on the normalization brightness H _{0 is} given by the root of the sum of the light outputs from the individual fields with different attenuations. Depending on the activated subpixels i ₁ to i ₆ and the brightness coefficients k ₁ to k ₅ , the brightness amplitude H can then be given by the formula 2:

(Fo2) H (i ₁ , i ₂ ,..., I ₆ ) = H ₀ * Sum (i ₁ = 0,..., A ₁ ,..., I ₆ = 0 ,..., A ₆ ) {sqrt (i ₁ * k ₁ ² + i ₂ * k ₂ ² +... +} I ₆ * k ₆ ² )

Sum () means the sum over the indices i ₁ from 0 to A ₁ , i ₂ from 0 to A ₂ and finally i ₅ from 0 to A ₆ ; sqrt is the square root of this sum.

Instead of the damping coefficient k, the damping is often given in decibels. The damping D _{n of} the nth brightness field is then given by the following formula 3:

(Fo3) D _n = -20 * log (k _n ) [dB]

In TIF format, the brightness amplitude of a color has values between 0 and 255. For this reason, normalization is carried out in which the greatest brightness has the amplitude 255. Therefore, the normalization factor H ₀ gets the following value:

(Fo4) H ₀ = 255 / sqrt [k ₁ ² * A ₁ + k ₂ * A ₂ +. . . + k ₅ * A ₆ ]

The counter of the activated subpixels 11 to 15 can be numbered from 0 to the highest combination A _G - 1. The first achievable brightness level according to black is a switched on subpixel in the brightness field of greatest attenuation. This smallest brightness level should therefore be number 1. This results in the sequence of numbers given in the following formula depending on the activated subpixels per field:

(Fo5) N (i ₁ , i ₂ ,..., I ₆ ) = i ₆ + i ₅ * (A ₆ + 1) + i ₄ * (A ₆ + 1) * (A ₅ + 1) +. . . + i ₁ * (A ₆ + 1) * (A ₅ + 1) *. . * (A ₂ ) + 1);

This sequence of natural numbers then covers the range from 0 to A _G - 1

(Fo6) N (i ₁ ,..., I ₆ ) = 0, 1, 2,. . ., A _G. 1

The number of activated subpixels for the brightness is thus clearly identified by the number N.

(Fo7) H (i ₁ , i ₂ ,..., I ₆ ) = H (N)

A linear quantization between 0 and 255 is used as standard for the brightness amplitude. This quantized gradation is then given by the brightness values H _q , which results from the "integer" function (int):

(Fo8) H _q (N) = int {H (N)}.

In order to find the optimal brightness values of the individual brightness fields, the following sum of squares is minimized for a linear quantization. The variables in minimization are the coefficients k ₂ to k ₆ ; k ₁ has the constant value 1.

(Fo9) Min (k _i ) {Sum (n = t,..., A ₀ ) [(H _q (n) -Hq (n-1)) ² ]}

If this sum has reached the value 255, then an optimal code for an 8 bit Brightness coding achieved.

The formulas given refer to 6 different brightness fields. If fewer are available, the formulas apply provided that for the number A _; the switchable subpixel is set to zero in nonexistent fields: e.g. E.g .: A ₆ = 0, A ₅ = 0, i ₆ = 0, i ₅ = 0.

Two examples of such coding tables are given in the appendix for a linear 8 bit quantization. The first example is based on a mask according to FIG. 6, according to which five different brightness attenuations are available for each color of a pixel, with a total of 33 controllable subpixels. The second example is a grayscale coding, in which a total of 6 different attenuation values are available for a pixel with 30 controllable subpixels, cf. Fig. 7.

The LCLD code tables given in the appendix have the following meaning: Zu next are the individual attenuation values for the brightness fields F1 to F6, or F1 to F5 given in dB. The code table itself has the in the first column Number of the line, in the second column the value of the brightness amplitude, in the  third column the code number N, which specifies exactly how many subpixels in which Field are switched on, in the fourth column is the amplitude jump, i. H. the Quantization from one brightness level to another is given and in the last Column is the relative quantization given in decibels, i.e. in dB, i.e. H. the Am plitude difference in relation to the respective brightness level.

Advantages of the invention

The advantages of the modular concept are:

• - The area of a display can be gradually increased in horizontal and vertical direction tion can be enlarged practically at will until etching sputter and masks manufacturing technology limit the size of the LC panel.
• - Highly integrated solutions can be created for the individual laser writing units be wrapped.
• - In a microsystem-integrated solution, laser emitting, deflection and Coding modules are put together and checked.
• - Special laser diode arrays can be used to achieve real-time capability are wrapped with associated coding and modulation logic.
• - Each module is adaptive on its own, i. H. it finds the right subpixel itself Addressing in the pixel area responsible for this module.
• - A modular system like this is gradually fault tolerant; H. if a module is disturbed, only a part of the picture fails and this module can finally can be replaced without having to replace the entire system.

Compared to TFT displays, the LC display has the advantage that the local resolution can be significantly higher and that no active matrix is required for the one is dependent on the function of each individual transistor. Furthermore the individual subpixels of an LCL display can be set in the µs range, while it is in the ms range for the TFT display. Since the sub-pixel resolution of the LCL displays go down to an amount of about 4 to 5 µm, it is possible  Lich to use other color pixel formats, for example 5 microns × 500 microns. Such an elongated pixel format enables z. B. in connection with a Cylinder lens grid disc a 3D image representation in the up to 128 depth po sitions of an image can be displayed. See literature list 1 ?.

Compared to the cathode ray tube, a smaller overall depth and one can be achieved much larger image area with a much higher resolution. in the In contrast to the cathode ray tube, the LCL display is also everywhere there can be placed where there are large magnetic fields and where Elek is harmful to the environment Tronen rays must be feared. If you look at the energy for that Backlight is required, a picture can be described once and keep the image information without energy for years.

The most expensive parts on the LCL display will surely be the laser writing units his. Therefore, it is conceivable that you can also use inexpensive background offers only lighting from a complete LCL display only the Li Removing the quid-crystal pane and tacking it in front of a backlight.

Applications

The LCL display opens up a new, broad area of application that one can designate with displays in photo quality. Wherever high-resolution Image information must be offered, this display will be used find, for example for the immediate display of X-ray images for which one otherwise would have to make photo films first. In information centers such Displays can be used for the always rewritable display of colored landscape maps. In architecture, where high detail image information such a display is advantageous, especially if if you want to compare a number of designs; Because you can write to an LC disk once and then hang it somewhere else to get one  to describe a new disc with a comparable object.

With further developed, highly integrated real-time capable solutions, it is conceivable that this LCL display replaces other displays or electron beam tubes. On The entire photo market will be a broad area of application in the future. How Already executed, an LC screen can also be used with a slightly modified mask be produced as a reflective color image without a backlight to need. It can be a cheap version of a large-scale LC film can be used with a mask to place it on a laser writing unit and from a digital camera. So this technology with the Polaroid cameras compete because much larger images are immediately produced here can be.  

Index with numbers

1

Liquid Crystal Laser Display (LCLD) pane;

2nd

Laser writing and lighting module;

3rd

Laser beams up;

4th

Laser beams, horizontal;

5

Lighting unit;

6

Laser unit (infrared);

7

Bistable liquid crystal: scattering, transparent;

8th

LC cover with laser sensors;

9

Double-periodic pixel mask,

10th

Mask of a pixel with different filter fields;

11

One of several filter fields of a pixel mask;

12th

Horizontal stripe filter with vertical pitch P _V

as a color filter;

13

Vertical stripe filter with horizontal pitch P _H

as a brightness filter;

14

Vertical filter strips with color-independent attenuation;

15

Horizontal light absorber strip on the mask;

16

Horizontal color filter strips RGB (red, green, blue);

17th

Horizontal color mask of a pixel;

18th

Vertical brightness mask of a pixel;

19th

Superposed color and brightness mask with grid;

20th

Slightly dispersive surface coating of the LCLD disc;

21

Horizontal, horizontal light absorber strip;

22

Cover with ITO electrode;

23

Filters with ITO layer;

24th

Horizontal color mask SRGB of a color pixel of size 80 × 80 µm ²

;

25th

Superposition of the color and brightness mask of a pixel;

26

Superposition of the color and brightness mask with the writable LC subpixels of a color pixel;

27

Field of a color pixel of size 80 × 80 µm ²

on an LCLD;

28

Vertical brightness mask of a pixel;

29

Position of the writable LC subpixels within a pixel;

30th

Independently writable binary LC sub-pixel within an 8 bit color pixel;

31

Number of writable binary subpixels in a color pixel;

32

Brightness filter strips of a color pixel;

33

2-dimensional brightness mask of a monochrome pixel with an 8 bit resolution;

34

Superimposition of the 2-dimensional brightness filter of a monochrome pixel with the writable binary subpixels;

35

Field of a monochrome pixel of size 40 × 40 µm ²

;

36

Calibrated position of the

30th

writable binary subpixels on a grayscale pixel with an 8 bit resolution;

37

Mini barriers to absorb the front light;

38

Reflective mask with color and brightness filter,

39

Anti-reflective coating on the reflective LCLD lens;

40

LC layer pixels in LCLD film;

41

LC bed sheet;

42

Masking film with anti-reflective surface;

43

Infrared light sensor for laser beam detection;

44

Cover cover with sensors for calibration and switchable high voltage for deleting the LC layer;

45

Calibration holes in the mask;

46

Reflective LCL display screen;

47

Reflective LCL display film with absorber;

48

Front lighting,

49

Absorber layer behind LCLD film;

50

Frame in front of the housing or picture.

LSLd coding table (5 fields, color, 8 bit)

Field # / number of subpixels / attenuation in dB

Number / Amplitude / Code / Abs. Quantis./Eelative quantization

1A = 2C = 1 DQ = 2 bit RDQ = 6.0 dB
2A = 3C = 2 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 7.4 dB
3A = 4C = 4 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 10.2 dB
4A = 5C = 5 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 12.5 dB
5A = 6C = 7 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 14.3 dB
6A = 7C = 9 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 15.8 dB
7A = 8C = 12 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 17.1 dB
8A = 9C = 15 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 18.2 dB
9A = 11C = 16 DQ = 2 bit RDQ = 20.2 dB
10A = 12C = 17 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 20.9 dB
11A = 13C = 22 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 21.6 dB
12A = 14C = 26 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 22.3 dB
13A = 16C = 32 DQ = 2 bit RDQ = 23.6 dB
14A = 17C = 34 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 24.1 dB
15A = 18C = 40 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 24.6 dB
16A = 19C = 47 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 25.1 dB
17A = 20C = 48 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 25.6 dB
18A = 21C = 53 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 26.0 dB
19A = 22C = 60 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 26.5 dB
20A = 23C = 64 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 26.9 dB
21A = 24C = 68 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 27.3 dB
22A = 25C = 76 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 27.6 dB
23A = 26C = 80 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 28.0 dB
24A = 27C = 86 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 28.3 dB
25A = 28C = 96 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 28.6 dB
26A = 29C = 98 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 29.0 dB
27A = 30C = 108 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 29.3 dB
28A = 31C = 169 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 29.6 dB
29A = 32C = 176 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 29.8 dB
30A = 33C = 184 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 30.1 dB
31A = 34C = 192 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 30.4 dB
32A = 35C = 199 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 30.6 dB
33A = 36C = 208 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 30.9 dB
34A = 37C = 216 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 31.1 dB
35A = 38C = 280 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 31.4 dB
36A = 39C = 288 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 31.6 dB
37A = 40C = 299 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 31.8 dB
38A = 41C = 305 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 32.0 dB
39A = 42C = 319 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 32.3 dB
40A = 43C = 326 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 32.5 dB
41A = 44C = 392 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 32.7 dB
42A = 45C = 400 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 32.9 dB
43A = 46C = 415 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 33.1 dB
44A = 47C = 423 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 33.3 dB
45A = 48C = 432 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 33.4 dB
46A = 49C = 499 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 33.6 dB
47A = 50C = 512 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 33.8 dB
48A = 51C = 526 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 34.0 dB
49A = 52C = 536 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 34.2 dB
50A = 53C = 546 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 34.3 dB
51A = 54C = 615 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 34.5 dB
52A = 55C = 626 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 34.7 dB
53A = 56C = 640 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 34.8 dB
54A = 57C = 656 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 35.0 dB
55A = 58C = 668 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 35.1 dB
56A = 59C = 736 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 35.3 dB
57A = 60C = 752 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 35.4 dB
58A = 61C = 765 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 35.6 dB
59A = 62C = 778 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 35.7 dB
60A = 64C = 784 DQ = 2 bit RDQ = 36.0 dB
61A = 65C = 800 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 36.1 dB
62A = 66C = 816 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 36.3 dB
63A = 67C = 832 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 36.4 dB
64A = 68C = 848 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 36.5 dB
65A = 69C = 864 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 36.7 dB
66A = 70C = 880 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 36.8 dB
67A = 71C = 948 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 36.9 dB
68A = 72C = 965 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 37.0 dB
69A = 73C = 982 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 37.1 dB
70A = 74C = 999 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 37.3 dB
71A = 75C = 1072 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 37.4 dB
72A = 76C = 1088 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 37.5 dB
73A = 77C = 1104 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 37.6 dB
74A = 78C = 1182 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 37.7 dB
75A = 79C = 1200 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 37.8 dB
76A = 80C = 1216 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 38.0 dB
77A = 81C = 1292 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 38.1 dB
78A = 82C = 1312 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 38.2 dB
79A = 83C = 1328 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 38.3 dB
80A = 84C = 1404 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 38.4 dB
81A = 85C = 1424 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 38.5 dB
82A = 86C = 1440 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 38.6 dB
83A = 87C = 1520 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 38.7 dB
84A = 88C = 1536 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 38.8 dB
85A = 89C = 1556 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 38.9 dB
86A = 90C = 1568 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 39.0 dB
87A = 91C = 1579 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 39.1 dB
88A = 92C = 1600 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 39.2 dB
89A = 93C = 1618 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 39.3 dB
90A = 94C = 1643 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 39.4 dB
91A = 95C = 1664 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 39.5 dB
92A = 96C = 1743 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 39.6 dB
93A = 97C = 1760 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 39.6 dB
94A = 98C = 1786 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 39.7 dB
95A = 99C = 1863 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 39.8 dB
96A = 100C = 1888 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 3.9.9 dB
97A = 101C = 1968 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 40.0 dB
98A = 102C = 1986 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 40.1 dB
99A = 103C = 2014 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 40.2 dB
100A = 104C = 2092 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 40.3 dB
101A = 105C = 2112 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 40.3 dB
102A = 106C = 2192 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 40.4 dB
103A = 107C = 2221 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 40.5 dB
104A = 108C = 2301 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 40.6 dB
105A = 109C = 2322 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 40.7 dB
106A = 111C = 2352 DQ = 2 bit RDQ = 40.8 dB
107A = 112C = 2381 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 40.9 dB
108A = 113C = 2404 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 41.0 dB
109A = 114C = 2432 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 41.1 dB
110A = 115C = 2459 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 41.1 dB
111A = 116C = 2541 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 41.2 dB
112A = 117C = 2566 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 41.3 dB
113A = 118C = 2649 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 41.4 dB
114A = 119C = 2674 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 41.4 dB
115A = 120C = 2759 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 41.5 dB
116A = 121C = 2784 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 41.6 dB
117A = 122C = 2869 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 41.7 dB
118A = 123C = 2896 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 41.7 dB
119A = 124C = 2981 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 41.8 dB
120A = 125C = 3008 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 41.9 dB
121A = 126C = 3095 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 41.9 dB
122A = 127C = 3122 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 42.0 dB
123A = 128C = 3136 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 42.1 dB
124A = 129C = 3163 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 42.1 dB
125A = 130C = 3191 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 42.2 dB
126A = 131C = 3220 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 42.3 dB
127A = 132C = 3309 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 42.3 dB
128A = 133C = 3339 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 42.4 dB
129A = 134C = 3424 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 42.5 dB
130A = 135C = 3456 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 42.5 dB
131A = 136C = 3540 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 42.6 dB
132A = 137C = 3571 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 42.7 dB
133A = 138C = 3662 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 42.7 dB
134A = 139C = 3693 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 42.8 dB
135A = 140C = 3777 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 42.9 dB
136A = 141C = 3868 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 42.9 dB
137A = 142C = 3901 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 43.0 dB
138A = 143C = 3920 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 43.0 dB
139A = 144C = 3944 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 43.1 dB
140A = 145C = 3978 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 43.2 dB
141A = 146C = 4012 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 43.2 dB
142A = 147C = 4098 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 43.3 dB
143A = 148C = 4132 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 43.3 dB
144A = 149C = 4224 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 43.4 dB
145A = 150C = 4314 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 43.5 dB
146A = 151C = 4349 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 43.5 dB
147A = 152C = 4437 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 43.6 dB
148A = 153C = 4473 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 43.6 dB
149A = 154C = 4561 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 43.7 dB
150A = 155C = 4656 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 43.8 dB
151A = 156C = 4688 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 43.8 dB
152A = 157C = 4704 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 43.9 dB
153A = 158C = 4740 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 43.9 dB
154A = 159C = 4779 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 44.0 dB
155A = 160C = 4869 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 44.0 dB
156A = 161C = 4908 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 44.1 dB
157A = 162C = 4999 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 44.1 dB
158A = 163C = 5039 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 44.2 dB
159A = 164C = 5131 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 44.2 dB
160A = 165C = 5223 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 44.3 dB
161A = 166C = 5315 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 44.3 dB
162A = 167C = 5356 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 44.4 dB
163A = 168C = 5449 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 44.5 dB
164A = 169C = 5488 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 44.5 dB
165A = 170C = 5504 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 44.6 dB
166A = 171C = 5545 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 44.6 dB
167A = 172C = 5584 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 44.7 dB
168A = 173C = 5680 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 44.7 dB
169A = 174C = 5776 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 44.8 dB
170A = 175C = 5814 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 44.8 dB
171A = 176C = 5909 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 44.9 dB
172A = 177C = 6005 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 44.9 dB
173A = 178C = 6102 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 45.0 dB
174A = 179C = 6144 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 45.0 dB
175A = 180C = 6240 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 45.1 dB
176A = 181C = 6272 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 45.1 dB
177A = 182C = 6304 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 45.2 dB
178A = 183C = 6344 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 45.2 dB
179A = 184C = 6443 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 45.2 dB
180A = 185C = 6483 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 45.3 dB
181A = 186C = 6582 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 45.3 dB
182A = 187C = 6681 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 45.4 dB
183A = 188C = 6781 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 45.4 dB
184A = 189C = 6822 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 45.5 dB
185A = 190C = 6922 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 45.5 dB
186A = 191C = 7023 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 45.6 dB
187A = 192C = 7056 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 45.6 dB
188A = 193C = 7088 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 45.7 dB
189A = 194C = 7135 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 45.7 dB
190A = 195C = 7232 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 45.8 dB
191A = 196C = 7332 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 45.8 dB
192A = 197C = 7376 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 45.8 dB
193A = 198C = 7479 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 45.9 dB
194A = 199C = 7582 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 45.9 dB
195A = 200C = 7680 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 46.0 dB
196A = 201C = 7782 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 46.0 dB
197A = 202C = 7828 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 46.1 dB
198A = 203C = 7856 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 46.1 dB
199A = 204C = 7904 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 46.2 dB
200A = 205C = 7951 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 46.2 dB
201A = 206C = 8049 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 46.2 dB
202A = 207C = 8155 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 46.3 dB
203A = 208C = 8256 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 46.3 dB
204A = 209C = 8361 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 46.4 dB
205A = 210C = 8464 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 46.4 dB
206A = 211C = 8568 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 46.4 dB
207A = 212C = 8617 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 46.5 dB
208A = 213C = 8642 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 46.5 dB
209A = 214C = 8692 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 46.6 dB
210A = 215C = 8800 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 46.6 dB
211A = 216C = 8903 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 46.6 dB
212A = 217C = 8953 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 46.7 dB
213A = 218C = 9056 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 46.7 dB
214A = 219C = 9166 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 46.8 dB
215A = 220C = 9269 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 46.8 dB
216A = 221C = 9376 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 46.8 dB
217A = 222C = 9408 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 46.9 dB
218A = 223C = 9456 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 46.9 dB
219A = 224C = 9507 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 47.0 dB
220A = 225C = 9616 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 47.0 dB
221A = 226C = 9724 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 47.0 dB
222A = 227C = 9829 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 47.1 dB
223A = 228C = 9936 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 47.1 dB
224A = 229C = 10048 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 47.2 dB
225A = 230C = 10155 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 47.2 dB
226A = 231C = 10192 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 47.2 dB
227A = 232C = 10240 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 47.3 dB
228A = 233C = 10291 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 47.3 dB
229A = 234C = 10400 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 47.3 dB
230A = 235C = 10512 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 47.4 dB
231A = 236C = 10623 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 47.4 dB
232A = 237C = 10732 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 47.5 dB
233A = 238C = 10841 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 47.5 dB
234A = 239C = 10950 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 47.5 dB
235A = 240C = 10985 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 47.6 dB
236A = 241C = 11040 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 47.6 dB
237A = 242C = 11152 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 47.6 dB
238A = 243C = 11264 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 47.7 dB
239A = 244C = 11376 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 47.7 dB
240A = 245C = 11488 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 47.7 dB
241A = 246C = 11600 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 47.8 dB
242A = 247C = 11712 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 47.8 dB
243A = 248C = 11760 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 47.9 dB
244A = 249C = 11803 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 47.9 dB
245A = 250C = 11857 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 47.9 dB
246A = 251C = 11971 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 48.0 dB
247A = 252C = 12084 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 48.0 dB
248A = 253C = 12199 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 48.0 dB
249A = 254C = 12313 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 48.1 dB
250A = 255C = 12428 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 48.1 dB
251A = 256C = 12543 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 48.1 dB

LCLD code table for 6 monochrome chrome mask fields

Field # / number of subpixels / attenuation in dB

Amplitude with code and quantization Number / Amplitude / Code / Abs. Quantis./Eelative quantization

1A = 1C = 1 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 0.0 dB
2A = 2C = 3 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 3.5 dB
3A = 3C = 4 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 7.4 dB
4A = 4C = 6 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 10.2 dB
5A = 5C = 9 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 12.5 dB
6A = 6C = 10 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 14.3 dB
7A = 7C = 15 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 15.8 dB
8A = 8C = 18 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 17.1 dB
9A = 9C = 23 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 18.2 dB
10A = 10C = 27 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 19.2 dB
11A = 11C = 33 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 20.1 dB
12A = 12C = 38 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 20.9 dB
13A = 13C = 45 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 21.6 dB
14A = 14C = 51 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 22.3 dB
15A = 15C = 57 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 23.0 dB
16A = 16C = 64 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 23.6 dB
17A = 17C = 72 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 24.1 dB
18A = 18C = 81 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 24.6 dB
19A = 19C = 90 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 25.1 dB
20A = 20C = 99 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 25.6 dB
21A = 21C = 110 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 26.0 dB
22A = 22C = 122 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 26.5 dB
23A = 23C = 134 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 26.9 dB
24A = 24C = 144 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 27.3 dB
25A = 25C = 155 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 27.6 dB
26A = 26C = 169 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 28.0 dB
27A = 27C = 180 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 28.3 dB
28A = 28C = 195 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 28.6 dB
29A = 29C = 207 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 29.0 dB
30A = 30C = 279 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 29.3 dB
31A = 31C = 294 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 29.6 dB
32A = 32C = 309 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 29.8 dB
33A = 33C = 324 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 30.1 dB
34A = 34C = 342 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 30.4 dB
35A = 35C = 360 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 30.6 dB
36A = 36C = 376 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 30.9 dB
37A = 37C = 394 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 31.1 dB
38A = 38C = 411 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 31.4 dB
39A = 39C = 432 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 31.6 dB
40A = 40C = 504 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 31.8 dB
41A = 41C = 525 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 32.0 dB
42A = 42C = 544 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 32.3 dB
43A = 43C = 567 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 32.5 dB
44A = 44C = 585 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 32.7 dB
45A = 45C = 609 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 32.9 dB
46A = 46C = 630 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 33.1 dB
47A = 47C = 654 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 33.3 dB
48A = 48C = 732 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 33.4 dB
49A = 49C = 756 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 33.6 dB
50A = 50C = 780 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 33.8 dB
51A = 51C = 806 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 34.0 dB
52A = 52C = 829 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 34.2 dB
53A = 53C = 855 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 34.3 dB
54A = 54C = 882 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 34.5 dB
55A = 55C = 963 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 34.7 dB
56A = 56C = 990 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 34.8 dB
57A = 57C = 1018 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 35.0 dB
58A = 58C = 1046 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 35.1 dB
59A = 59C = 1077 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 35.3 dB
60A = 60C = 1106 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 35.4 dB
61A = 61C = 1188 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 35.6 dB
62A = 62C = 1218 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 35.7 dB
63A = 63C = 1251 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 35.9 dB
64A = 64C = 1281 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 36.0 dB
65A = 65C = 1314 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 36.1 dB
66A = 66C = 1346 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 36.3 dB
67A = 67C = 1432 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 36.4 dB
68A = 68C = 1467 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 36.5 dB
69A = 69C = 1500 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 36.7 dB
70A = 70C = 1532 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 36.8 dB
71A = 71C = 1568 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 36.9 dB
72A = 72C = 1613 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 37.0 dB
73A = 73C = 1647 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 37.1 dB
74A = 74C = 1683 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 37.3 dB
75A = 75C = 1719 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 37.4 dB
76A = 76C = 1756 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 37.5 dB
77A = 77C = 1797 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 37.6 dB
78A = 78C = 1890 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 37.7 dB
79A = 79C = 1926 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 37.8 dB
80A = 80C = 1965 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 38.0 dB
81A = 81C = 2007 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 38.1 dB
82A = 82C = 2100 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 38.2 dB
83A = 83C = 2142 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 38.3 dB
84A = 84C = 2181 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 38.4 dB
85A = 85C = 2223 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 38.5 dB
86A = 86C = 2322 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 38.6 dB
87A = 87C = 2362 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 38.7 dB
88A = 88C = 2404 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 38.8 dB
89A = 89C = 2448 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 38.9 dB
90A = 90C = 2547 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 39.0 dB
91A = 91C = 2592 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 39.1 dB
92A = 92C = 2637 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 39.2 dB
93A = 93C = 2682 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 39.3 dB
94A = 94C = 2783 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 39.4 dB
95A = 95C = 2829 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 39.5 dB
96A = 96C = 2877 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 39.6 dB
97A = 97C = 2979 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 39.6 dB
98A = 98C = 3024 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 39.7 dB
99A = 99C = 3075 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 39.8 dB
100A = 100C = 3123 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 39.9 dB
101A = 101C = 3183 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 40.0 dB
102A = 102C = 3231 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 40.1 dB
103A = 103C = 3284 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 40.2 dB
104A = 104C = 3331 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 40.3 dB
105A = 105C = 3438 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 40.3 dB
106A = 106C = 3492 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 40.4 dB
107A = 107C = 3544 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 40.5 dB
108A = 108C = 3597 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 40.6 dB
109A = 109C = 3704 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 40.7 dB
110A = 110C = 3758 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 40.7 dB
111A = 111C = 3813 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 40.8 dB
112A = 112C = 3921 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 40.9 dB
113A = 113C = 3978 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 41.0 dB
114A = 114C = 4032 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 41.1 dB
115A = 115C = 4143 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 41.1 dB
116A = 116C = 4200 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 41.2 dB
117A = 117C = 4257 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 41.3 dB
118A = 118C = 4368 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 41.4 dB
119A = 119C = 4428 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 41.4 dB
120A = 120C = 4486 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 41.5 dB
121A = 121C = 4599 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 41.6 dB
122A = 122C = 4661 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 41.7 dB
123A = 123C = 4720 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 41.7 dB
124A = 124C = 4790 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 41.8 dB
125A = 125C = 4851 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 41.9 dB
126A = 126C = 4914 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 41.9 dB
127A = 127C = 5031 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 42.0 dB
128A = 128C = 5093 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 42.1 dB
129A = 129C = 5157 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 42.1 dB
130A = 130C = 5274 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 42.2 dB
131A = 131C = 5337 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 42.3 dB
132A = 132C = 5457 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 42.3 dB
133A = 133C = 5523 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 42.4 dB
134A = 134C = 5589 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 42.5 dB
135A = 135C = 5709 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 42.5 dB
136A = 136C = 5775 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 42.6 dB
137A = 137C = 5841 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 42.7 dB
138A = 138C = 5964 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 42.7 dB
139A = 139C = 6030 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 42.8 dB
140A = 140C = 6156 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 42.9 dB
141A = 141C = 6225 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 42.9 dB
142A = 142C = 6294 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 43.0 dB
143A = 143C = 6372 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 43.0 dB
144A = 144C = 6444 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 43.1 dB
145A = 145C = 6516 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 43.2 dB
146A = 146C = 6642 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 43.2 dB
147A = 147C = 6714 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 43.3 dB
148A = 148C = 6840 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 43.3 dB
149A = 149C = 6912 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 43.4 dB
150A = 150C = 7041 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 43.5 dB
151A = 151C = 7114 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 43.5 dB
152A = 152C = 7191 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 43.6 dB
153A = 153C = 7318 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 43.6 dB
154A = 154C = 7394 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 43.7 dB
155A = 155C = 7524 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 43.8 dB
156A = 156C = 7602 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 43.8 dB
157A = 157C = 7732 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 43.9 dB
158A = 158C = 7811 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 43.9 dB
159A = 159C = 7898 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 44.0 dB
160A = 160C = 7974 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 44.0 dB
161A = 161C = 8055 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 44.1 dB
162A = 162C = 8190 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 44.1 dB
163A = 163C = 8269 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 44.2 dB
164A = 164C = 8405 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 44.2 dB
165A = 165C = 8484 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 44.3 dB
166A = 166C = 8622 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 44.3 dB
167A = 167C = 8703 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 44.4 dB
168A = 168C = 8838 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 44.5 dB
169A = 169C = 8919 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 44.5 dB
170A = 170C = 9060 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 44.6 dB
171A = 171C = 9144 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 44.6 dB
172A = 172C = 9282 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 44.3 dB
173A = 173C = 9366 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 44.7 dB
174A = 1740 = 9460 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 44.8 dB
175A = 175C = 9547 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 44.8 dB
176A = 176C = 9631 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 44.9 dB
177A = 177C = 9774 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 44.9 dB
178A = 178C = 9861 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 45.0 dB
179A = 179C = 10004 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 45.0 dB
180A = 180C = 10091 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 45.1 dB
181A = 181C = 10235 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 45.1 dB
182A = 182C = 10323 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 45.2 dB
183A = 183C = 10468 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 45.2 dB
184A = 184C = 10557 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 45.2 dB
185A = 185C = 10704 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 45.3 dB
186A = 186C = 10796 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 45.3 dB
187A = 187C = 10941 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 45.4 dB
188A = 188C = 11043 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 45.4 dB
189A = 189C = 11136 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 45.5 dB
190A = 190C = 11229 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 45.5 dB
191A = 191C = 11376 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 45.6 dB
192A = 192C = 11472 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 45.6 dB
193A = 193C = 11619 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 45.7 dB
194A = 194C = 11772 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 45.7 dB
195A = 195C = 11865 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 45.8 dB
196A = 196C = 12015 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 45.8 dB
197A = 197C = 12113 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 45.8 dB
198A = 198C = 12265 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 45.9 dB
199A = 199C = 12362 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 45.9 dB
200A = 200C = 12513 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 46.0 dB
201A = 201C = 12623 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 46.0 dB
202A = 202C = 12722 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 46.1 dB
203A = 203C = 12822 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 46.1 dB
204A = 204C = 12975 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 46.2 dB
205A = 205C = 13131 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 46.2 dB
206A = 206C = 13230 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 46.2 dB
207A = 207C = 13387 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 46.3 dB
208A = 208C = 13491 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 46.3 dB
209A = 209C = 13644 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 46.4 dB
210A = 210C = 13806 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 46.4 dB
211A = 211C = 13905 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 46.4 dB
212A = 212C = 14067 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 46.5 dB
213A = 213C = 14171 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 46.5 dB
214A = 214C = 14283 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 46.6 dB
215A = 215C = 14391 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 46.6 dB
216A = 216C = 14550 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 46.6 dB
217A = 217C = 14712 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 46.7 dB
218A = 218C = 14817 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 46.7 dB
219A = 219C = 14981 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 46.8 dB
220A = 220C = 15143 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 46.8 dB
221A = 221C = 15252 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 46.8 dB
222A = 222C = 15415 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 46.9 dB
223A = 223C = 15579 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 46.9 dB
224A = 224C = 15687 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 47.0 dB
225A = 225C = 15807 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 47.0 dB
226A = 226C = 15920 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 47.0 dB
227A = 227C = 16083 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 47.1 dB
228A = 228C = 16197 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 47.1 dB
229A = 229C = 16362 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 47.2 dB
230A = 230C = 16530 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 47.2 dB
231A = 231C = 16644 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 47.2 dB
232A = 232C = 16812 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 47.3 dB
233A = 233C = 16981 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 47.3 dB
234A = 234C = 17096 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 47.3 dB
235A = 235C = 17265 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 47.4 dB
236A = 236C = 17390 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 47.4 dB
237A = 237C = 17505 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 47.5 dB
238A = 238C = 17677 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 47.5 dB
239A = 239C = 17850 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 47.5 dB
240A = 240C = 17966 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 47.6 dB
241A = 241C = 18139 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 47.6 dB
242A = 242C = 18315 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 47.6 dB
243A = 243C = 18432 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 47.7 dB
244A = 244C = 18606 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 47.7 dB
245A = 245C = 18783 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 47.7 dB
246A = 246C = 18910 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 47.8 dB
247A = 247C = 19035 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 47.8 dB
248A = 248C = 19209 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 47.9 dB
249A = 249C = 19332 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 47.9 dB
250A = 250C = 19508 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 47.9 dB
251A = 251C = 19685 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 48.0 dB
252A = 252C = 19863 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 48.0 dB
253A = 253C = 19988 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 48.0 dB
254A = 254C = 20166 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 48.1 dB
255A = 255C = 20346 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 48.1 dB
256A = 256C = 20472 DQ = 1 bit RDQ = 48.1 dB

Claims (15)

1. liquid crystal laser display (LCLD) composed of several identical adaptive laser writing modules and a liquid crystal disc ( 1 ) consisting of a double-periodic mask ( 9 ) and a bistable liquid layer ( 7 ), characterized in that the mask ( 9 ) is in the immediate vicinity of the LC layer ( 7 ), that several laser writing units with vertically and horizontally deflectable laser beams that are focused on the LC layer, side by side and one above the other behind the LC - Disk are firmly mounted, that these laser writing units each have a modulation and adaptation logic, that feedback laser sensors located in front of or behind the disk establish a correspondence between the time-dependent horizontal and vertical deflection of the laser beam and the subpixel-precise coordinates of the laser beam on the LC layer ( 7 ) and that with these feedback pulses from the laser sensors by means of de r adaptation logic, a laser beam calibration that can be carried out at the beginning can be carried out, which is then continuously monitored by the adaptation logic and, if necessary, also tracked. 2. LCLD according to claim 1, characterized in that the LC layer ( 7 ) is divided into separate strips or separated into pixel-sized areas ( 40 ) which are also separated from one another all around by thickness-spacing strips. 3. LCLD according to the preceding claims, characterized in that the double-periodic pixel mask ( 12 ) is composed of a color mask consisting of horizontal strips with the color strips RGB (red, green, blue) with an additional optional black strip and a vertical one Brightness mask ( 13 ), the pattern of which is repeated pixel by pixel at a distance p _h or p _v . 4. LCLD according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the mask ( 9 ) is formed only from a two-dimensional brightness mask ( 33 ) in which each pixel is divided into rectangular subfields with different attenuation coefficients k ₁ , k ₂ independent of the light color . . .k _n (n <1) 5. LCLD according to the preceding claims, characterized in that the subpixels described by the laser beam only remain completely the same inside the mask fields, i.e. the same color and the same attenuation, and the Field transitions from one color to another, or from one brightness level to another other, are not described, so that these transition areas are always as appear black. 6. LCLD according to the preceding claims, characterized in that the laser beams put the individual subpixels of the liquid crystal ( 40 ) only in a saturated scattering state or by different modulated laser beam pulse duration, a certain number of different scattering intensities is achieved in the subpixels. 7. LCLD according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the laser sensor system in front of or behind the LC disc ( 1 ) consists of at least 4 laser-beam-sensitive detectors per module (but generally much more), which approximately Subpixel-sized and are in the black fields between the pixels on the back of the LC panel or that the mask in the black fields between the pixels has sub-pixel-sized laser beam transparent holes ( 45 ) (at least 4 per laser beam module) and that the laser beams radiating through these holes strike larger-area detectors ( 43 ) which are mounted on a cover in front of the LC disk. 8. LCLD according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the laser beam modules, ( 2 ) obliquely upwards or downwards from radiating white backlight units, the rays of which are cast in transparent liquid crystal areas from horizontal cast black absorber strips be absorbed. 9. LCLD according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the display has front lighting ( 46 ) and that the portion that shines through transparent liquid crystal areas is absorbed by mini-barriers re-strips ( 37 ) which are inclined in the direction of incident laser write beams are mounted and that the surface of the LC disc ( 1 ) optionally has an anti-reflective layer ( 39 ). 10. LCLD characterized according to one of the preceding claims records that ITO electrodes are applied to the surfaces of the liquid crystal layer that are separate for partial regions or module-sized areas with Voltages can be controlled. 11. LCLD according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the LC disc ( 1 ) consists of two flexible foils ( 41 , 42 ) which are glued together and in the middle contain the masks and the LC layer pixel by pixel or strip. 12. LCLD according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the LC film ( 47 ) is placed on a black surface ( 49 ) and the film can be viewed with front lighting (cf. FIG. 10B). 13. LCLD according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the LC film ( 47 ) can be described by the usual laser modules that are assembled together in a housing that is provided with a cover in which the laser Sensors are mounted and which also contains a large, conductive electrode, so that the entire film can be erased by applying a high voltage to the module housing by means of a second electrode (ITO electrode). 14. LCLD characterized according to one of the preceding claims records that the same brightness and color appear in a mask field switched number of subpixels from field to field and from pixel to pixel purely stocha tically (randomly) is distributed, which does not result in regular structures can form any interference pattern that may occur. 15. LCLD characterized according to one of the preceding claims records that the sub-pixel encoder that drives the laser write modules in the Naschbarschaft has a cross-pixel monitoring that in neighboring pi xeln avoids a similar distribution of the activated subpixels and redistributed to avoid possible small moire patterns.