DE19853232A1 - Paving block with interlocking feature has symmetrical pattern with widened head and with shape which is laid in anumber of directions to interlock - Google Patents

Abstract

The paving block using only one shape is symmetrical about a center line and with a widened head at one end. The slim end has parallel sides and with a pointed bottom edge with an apex angle of 60 deg . The widened head has a pointed top with the same apex angle of 60 deg . The sloping top flanges of the widened head have the same length as the parallel sides of the slim end. The protruding edges of the widened head have edge profiles of similar size to interlock at different angles.

Description

Flooring element made of artificial stone material are in a variety of Known forms. The most common form can be found in the category "oblong-rectangular with projections and recesses on the circumference" classify; but there are also forms based on the basic form of the Squares based, hexagon shapes, octagon shapes and more.

Most flooring element shapes result in flooring from side-by-side flooring elements, which flooring either joints (formed by lining up Flooring element-to-flooring element joints) with a total rectilinear or only slightly sideways compared to straightness have a disruptive course. Through more special laying patterns, for Example laying in the herringbone association, coverings can be used strong laterally projecting joint course or with again and again create an interrupted joint course. Such more special However, only a small part of the Flooring elements with their outline shape accomplish.

The invention has for its object a flooring element To create artificial stone material that already from its outline shape for floor coverings with strongly laterally projecting joints or repeatedly interrupted course of the joints.

According to a first aspect, the invention relates to a flooring element made of artificial stone material with the following features when viewed in plan view:

• a) the flooring element has a fuselage and one opposite widened head on the trunk;
• b) the flooring element is symmetrical to it through the fuselage and the longitudinal median line of the head;  
• c) the fuselage has two fuselage long sides and two fuselage End pages on that project to a fuselage end converge and each at an angle of 60 ° to the Longitudinal center line;
• d) the head has two head long sides, two head end sides and two header return sides with the header end sides closed a protruding head end converge and each in Angle of 60 ° to the longitudinal center line, and where the Head recess sides each parallel to the fuselage end side of the the relevant floor covering element symmetry half;
• e) have both the fuselage long sides and the head end sides each the length a;
• f) both the long sides of the head and the back sides of the head each have the length b.

As can be seen from a glance at FIG. 1 of the application, the standard laying pattern of the flooring element according to the invention drawn there results in a laying association in which three flooring element orientations, each differing by 120 °, alternate with one another. There is no course of the joint through the covering that comes even close to a straight line. An optimal combination of a non-rectilinear joint course (and thus a high load-bearing capacity of the bandage) and easy installation by the installer and an even joint pattern (and thus an even load distribution in the covering) has been achieved.

Preferably the two fuselage long sides and the two head Long sides parallel to the longitudinal center line of the flooring element.

Another object of the invention is, according to a second aspect, a flooring element made of artificial stone material, characterized in that of starting from the basic shape given earlier by Providing spacing projections on the circumference is modified.  

Preferably, the spacer protrusions are sized to Definition of narrow joints with a maximum width of 5 mm between adjacent flooring elements, whereby the Laying the flooring element simplified. Alternatively, they have Spacer protrusions preferably set a size wide joints with a width of at least 8 mm between Adjacent flooring elements, creating powerful Water penetration joints are formed.

The mentioned "narrow" joints, which in most cases are 3 to 5 mm are those joints that are normally used as laying joints exist between the flooring elements in the flooring and usually after laying the flooring elements with sand be replenished. If the flooring elements mentioned "Small" spacing projections, the publisher can Laying is easier by bumping the spacing projections work. If the "larger" spacer protrusions are provided there are relatively wide joints between adjacent ones Flooring elements. These joints are also usually included Sand or filled up with grit. Through these "wide joints" can Rainwater is much more effective than with the "narrow joints in normal width "between the flooring elements in the underground drain off, so that the occupied area is no longer in one Drainage system must be connected and a contribution for the desired enrichment of the groundwater. Either with the "smaller" spacing projections as well as with the "Larger" spacing protrusions can either be designed that the projections of a considered flooring element with places of the neighboring flooring elements come into contact there are not provided with a protrusion or you can train so that the projections in places with the adjacent Flooring elements come into contact, where the latter also one Have a head start; in this case, the projections hit each other in pairs against each other. It is understood that in this case the  Projections a "projection measure" over the others Flooring element contour have about half the desired Joint width corresponds; in the first case described, "Projection size" of the projections in approximately the desired joint width correspond.

Another object of the invention is, according to a third aspect, a flooring element made of artificial stone material, characterized in that it is based on the one specified at the beginning of the description Basic shape by providing at least one Material removal point is modified so that with a floor covering powerful from flooring elements laid side by side Water passage openings are formed. For this powerful Water passage openings and the thereby achieved The drainage capacity of the floor covering applies analogously to what goes on executed in front in connection with the water passage joints has been. After a first, preferred further training is a Material removal point at the end of the fuselage and / or one Material removal point provided at the head end. After another preferred further development is a material removal point at least one of the long sides of the fuselage and / or on at least one of the head end sides. "Material omission" can be found in usually imagine either as "cutting away" material from the Basic shape or "cutting out" a recess from the Basic shape material.

It is expressly pointed out that the invention Providing spacing protrusions and / or that provision of material omission points according to the invention at many Embodiments can lead to the fact that the flooring element in Claim 1 and the definition given at the beginning of the description Basic shape no longer fulfilled; therefore claims 2 and 5 also formulated as independent claims and is the way of expression "... starting from the basic form specified in claim 1 by  . . . modified "was selected. In many embodiments strictly speaking, there is then no symmetry of the flooring element to the longitudinal center line more; true in many embodiments the geometric statements of claim 1 (for example "at an angle of 60 ° to the longitudinal center line ") no longer run exactly or no longer for the entire length of the addressed flooring element side; and other deviations more.

Another object of the invention is, according to a fourth aspect Floor covering body made of artificial stone material, characterized in that he in plan view the shape of several integrally summarized Flooring elements as in claims 1-7 and in previous description are given. The flooring body can at least on its top flat side when laid a dummy joint (i.e., groove-like depression that does not go to the lower one Flat side of the floor covering body goes through) according to the shape of the individual flooring elements, from which it as it were by Summarize arose, be subdivided. The alternative too Training, i.e. not providing dummy joints or providing Mock joints that differ from according to the shape of each Floor covering elements run is possible. Preferably, the Flooring body the shape of three summarized Flooring elements. But there are also other numbers of summarized flooring elements possible, in particular Multiples of three.

The flooring elements and flooring body according to the invention are preferably those for traffic areas (vehicle traffic, Bicycle traffic, pedestrian traffic, but not committing private closed rooms) are provided. As a particularly typical and preferred areas of use are squares, courtyards, driveways, paths, Streets, pedestrian zones, loading zones, terraces, parking areas for Vehicles, petrol stations, commercial areas, industrial used areas, workshops, container locations. Preferably  it concerns floor coverings in the "outside area" or the Occupancy of outdoor areas.

In most cases, the "artificial stone material" is concrete. As brick-like materials are another preferred option called. In general, all materials are also considered those aggregates or fillers in time-hardening Binders (e.g. also plastic) are stored. In extreme cases flooring elements can consist entirely or partially of plastic.

The invention and embodiments of the invention are as follows based on exemplary embodiments shown in the drawing in more detail explained. It shows:

Figure 1 in plan view, a section of a floor covering, created from floor covering elements according to the invention.

Fig. 2 in plan view, a single floor covering element according to the invention;

Fig. 3 in plan view, a single floor covering element according to the invention with small spacing projections;

Fig. 4 is a single inventive ground covering element with larger spacing projections;

Fig. 5 in top view, a single ground covering element according to the invention with a Materialweglassungsstelle;

Fig. 6 in plan view, a single ground covering element according to the invention with two Materialweglassungsstellen;

Fig. 7 is a plan view of a smaller section of a floor covering, made in flooring elements of FIG. 5;

Fig. 8 in plan view a floor covering bodies of the invention consists of three integrally combined floor covering elements;

Fig. 9 in plan view, a section of a floor covering made of floor covering elements according to the invention, analogous to Fig. 1, but more specific design options are more clearly highlighted and described.

In FIG. 2, a single inventive ground covering element 2 is shown. The floor covering element 2 has a longitudinal center line 4 and is symmetrical to the longitudinal center line 4 . The floor covering element 2 consists of a fuselage 6 and a head 8 widened in comparison to the fuselage 6 . The fuselage 6 has two fuselage long sides 10 , which run parallel to the longitudinal center line 4 , and two fuselage end sides 12 , which converge to form a fuselage end 14 projecting downwards in FIG. 2 and each at an angle A of 60 ° to that Longitudinal center line 4 run. The head 8 has two longitudinal head sides 16 which run parallel to the longitudinal center line 4 , two head end sides 18 which converge to a fuselage end 20 which projects upwards in FIG. 2 and in each case at an angle B of 60 ° to the longitudinal center line 4 extend, and two head recess sides 22 , which form the transition between the head long sides 16 and the fuselage long sides 10 and each parallel to the fuselage end side 12 of the relevant flooring element symmetry half (also at an angle A relative to that Longitudinal center line 4 ) run. The two fuselage long sides 10 and the two head end sides 18 each have the length a; both the longitudinal sides 16 and the head recess sides 22 each have the length b.

In practice, the flooring element z. B. a length of 20 to 40 cm measured in the direction of the longitudinal center line 4 and a width of the head 8 of 15-30 cm measured at right angles thereto. The thickness of the floor covering element measured at right angles to the plane of the drawing is z. B. 4 to 12 cm. The flooring element 2 is preferably made of concrete. In this respect, one could speak of a concrete block for floor coverings. In practice, the floor covering element 2 is normally provided with a chamfer at the transition between the upper side visible in FIG. 2 and the side surfaces, that is to say a small 45 ° bevel between the surfaces mentioned. The chamfer is not shown for reasons of clarity.

The floor covering element 2 shown in Fig. 2 can be laid in the example shown in Fig. 1 Standard laying pattern. A first part of the floor covering elements 2 is arranged in a first orientation 30 , a second part of the floor covering elements 2 is arranged in a second orientation 32 , which forms an angle of 60 ° with the first orientation, and a third part of the floor covering elements 2 in one third orientation 34 is arranged, which forms both an angle of 60 ° with the first orientation 30 (but in the reverse direction of increase in angle compared to the angle between the first and the second orientation) and an angle of 60 ° with the second orientation 32 . The head end sides 18 of each floor covering element 2 lie against two fuselage longitudinal sides 10 of two adjacent floor covering elements 2 . If one looks at the fuselage ends of three adjacent floor covering elements 2 , the two fuselage end sides 12 of a considered floor covering element bear against one fuselage end side 12 of two adjacent floor covering elements 2, respectively. For further details of the laying pattern or the covering association, reference is made to FIG. 1.

Of course, the flooring elements 2 are not laid so close that z. B. a head end side 18 of a floor covering element 2 in question totally coincides with a fuselage long side 10 of an adjacent floor covering element 2 , but there is a laying joint between the two adjacent floor covering elements 2 with a width of 3-5 mm in practice. For reasons of clarity and simplification, these laying joints are not drawn as double lines in FIG. 1 but as a single line.

The floor covering element shown in FIG. 3 differs from the floor covering element shown in FIG. 2 by the "small" spacing projections 40 . Specifically, in the right half of the left head end side 18 , in the right half of the right head end side 18 , in the lower half of the right fuselage long side 10 , in the left half of the right fuselage end side 12 , in the left half the left fuselage end side 12 and in the upper half of the left fuselage long side 10 a spacing projection 40 is provided. Each spacer projection 40 is z. B. substantially semicircular and has a projecting dimension of 2-4 mm compared to the flooring element side on which it is provided. If the flooring element 2 shown in FIG. 3 is laid in the laying pattern according to FIG. 1, in each pairing between a flooring element 2 under consideration and the neighboring flooring element 2 there, both on each longitudinal fuselage side 10 of the flooring element 2 under consideration and on There are two spacing projections 40 on each head end side 18 of the floor covering element 2 under consideration, as well as on each fuselage end side 12 of the floor covering element 2 under consideration, namely one spacing projection 40 of the floor covering element 2 under consideration and the other spacing projection 40 of that adjacent floor covering element 2 . These two spacer projections 40 per side pairing are spaced apart from one another along the side pairing.

Alternatively, one could provide two spacing projections 40 for each of the floor covering elements 2 per head end side 18 , per fuselage long side 10 and per fusel end side 12 , one more on the right, as shown in FIG. 3, and the other in mirror image more on the left side of the stone in question. In this case, a spacing projection 40 from a floor covering element 2 under consideration and a spacing projection 40 from an adjacent floor covering element 2 would collide in pairs in the installed bandage. In this case, the protrusion dimension of the spacer protrusions 40 would be chosen to be about half the size previously.

The floor covering element 2 shown in FIG. 4 differs from the floor covering element 2 shown in FIG. 2 by "larger" spacer projections 50 . Two spacer projections 50 are provided on each head end side 18 and on each fuselage longitudinal side 10 , distributed symmetrically to the respective side center; A spacer projection 50 is provided centrally on each fuselage end side 12 . In plan view, each spacer projection 50 has the shape of a rectangle and, in the installed state, abuts a "partner projection" 50 of the respectively adjacent floor covering element 2 . It goes without saying that one could alternatively also work with two spacer projections 50 on each fuselage end side 12 and with only one spacer projection 50 centrally on each head end side 18 and on each fuselage longitudinal side 10 . Another alternative would be to provide the "larger" spacer projections 50 only at those locations as are shown in FIG. 3 for the "smaller" spacer projections 40 . The spacing projections shown in Fig. 4 have a projection dimension relative to the respective flooring element side of z. B. from 4-15 mm.

The “smaller” spacing projections 40 can either extend over the entire height (measured at right angles to the plane of the drawing) of the floor covering element 2 , or alternatively also over a lower height; the latter is preferred. The "larger" spacing projections 50 can extend over the entire height of the floor covering element 2 , alternatively also over a smaller height, in particular they can end a little below the upper flat side of the floor covering element 2 . The latter option is the most preferred because after the wide joints have been filled with sand, the spacer projections 50 are no longer visible at all.

The floor covering element shown in FIG. 5 differs from the floor covering element shown in FIG. 2 in that the two fuselage end sides 12 do not meet at a pointed end of the fuselage, but in that the floor covering element is delimited there in a straight line by a surface 52 which is perpendicular to Longitudinal center line 4 runs. For illustration, the basic shape of the floor covering element according to FIG. 2 is drawn in with dashed lines 54 , so that it becomes clear that, compared with the basic shape, there is a triangular material omission 56 in plan view. If the floor covering elements 2 shown in FIG. 5 are laid in a laying pattern according to FIG. 1, an overall triangular opening 58 is created at all points of the covering where three fuselage ends meet, which can be imagined geometrically as the sum of three material omissions 56 See FIG. 7. Alternatively or additionally, an analogous material omission 56 could be provided at the head end 20 , but this could also have a different size than the material omission 56 at the fuselage end.

The floor covering element 2 shown in Fig. 6 differs from that shown in Fig. 2 flooring element 2 by a Materialweglassung 60 in the center of the right head end face 18 and a Materialweglassung 60 in the center of the right body longitudinal page 10. In plan view, each material omission 60 is rectangular and extends over the entire height of the floor covering element 2 . If the floor covering element 2 shown in FIG. 6 is laid in the laying pattern of FIG. 1, it can be seen that each of the material omissions 60 of a considered floor covering element 2 comes together with a "partner material omission" 60 of a floor covering element 2 adjacent there, and through the mutual In addition, a square water passage opening is created in the covering.

It is of course possible to provide a material omission 60 in each of the two head end sides 18 and in each of the two fuselage long sides 10 , so that the number of water passage openings in the covering doubles overall.

It is emphasized that the variations of the ground covering element 2 by providing spacing projections (such as for example illustrated in FIGS. 3 and 4) and the variations of the ground covering element 2 by Materialweglassungen (as exemplified 5 and 6 illustrates the Fig.) In combination can be present.

FIG. 8 shows a floor covering body 70 which can be thought of as being formed by integrally combining three floor covering elements 2 (of the type shown in FIG. 2). Along the "summary lines" there are dummy joints 72 (i.e. channels which extend to a certain depth into the floor covering body 70 ), so that the floor covering body 70 can practically not be seen whether it is an integral floor covering body 70 or a group of three laid next to one another Flooring elements 2 .

In FIG. 9, further possible embodiments of floor covering bodies 70 are shown highlighted by thicker lines and with I ("star type consisting of three floor covering elements 2 "), II ("compact type consisting of three floor covering elements 2 "), III ("cross type consisting of four floor covering elements 2 ") designated. The floor covering body 70 can also be provided with the described modifications "spacing projections" and / or "material omissions" on its circumference.

Claims (10)

1. Flooring element made of artificial stone material with the following features when viewed from above:

• a) the floor covering element has a fuselage and a head widened relative to the fuselage;
• b) the flooring element is symmetrical to its longitudinal center line running through the fuselage and the head;
• c) the fuselage has two fuselage long sides and two fuselage end sides which converge to a protruding fuselage end and each extend at an angle of 60 ° to the longitudinal center line;
• d) the head has two longitudinal head sides, two head end sides and two head recess sides, the head end sides converging to a projecting head end and each extending at an angle of 60 ° to the longitudinal center line, and the head recess sides each run parallel to the fuselage end side of the relevant floor covering element symmetry half;
• e) both the fuselage long sides and the head end sides each have the length a;
• f) both the long sides of the head and the back sides of the head each have the length b.

2. flooring element made of artificial stone material, characterized, that it is based on the basic shape specified in claim 1 by providing spacing protrusions on the circumference is modified.   3. Flooring element according to claim 2, characterized, that the spacer protrusions have a size to set narrow joints with a width of at most 5 mm between have adjacent flooring elements, whereby the Laying the flooring element simplified. 4. Flooring element according to claim 2, characterized, that the spacer protrusions have a size to set wide joints with a width of at least 8 mm between have adjacent flooring elements, which powerful water penetration joints are formed. 5. flooring element made of artificial stone material, characterized, that it is based on the basic shape specified in claim 1 by providing at least one material removal point is modified so that with a floor covering from side by side installed flooring elements powerful Water passage openings are formed. 6. Flooring element according to claim 5, characterized, that a material omission point at the fuselage end and / or a Material removal point are provided at the head end. 7. Flooring element according to claim 5 or 6, characterized, that a material omission point on at least one of the fuselage Long sides and / or on at least one of the head end sides are provided.   8. flooring body made of artificial stone material, characterized, that he has the shape of several integrally summarized in plan view Has flooring elements according to one of claims 1 to 7. 9. Floor covering body according to claim 8, characterized, that its top by at least one dummy joint accordingly the flooring element shape is subdivided. 10. Floor covering body according to claim 8 or 9, characterized, that it was the shape of three combined flooring elements Has.