DE19758312A1 - Animal-trap with housing, flap and bait-container - Google Patents

Abstract

The internal width and height of the housing (7) conform to the animal's body length. The housing is let into the ground so that its top edge is level with the tunnel system of the animal. The trap has an underneath closed base (8) and a top, downward-opening flap (9). The flap is eccentrically mounted and can be locked in a non-operating position (10). The trap can be integrated with a bait-unit (1).

Description

A device for catching animals living underground is specified. It consists of a vessel ( 7 ) to be installed under the rodent's construction system ( 18 ) with a lockable hinged lock ( 9 ), which is placed under a bait station ( 1 ), as described in P 1 96 12 883.8, in the ground ( 16 ) is installed. The bait station has two to three lateral entrances ( 2 ) with which it is connected to the underground passages ( 18 ) created by the rodents. A shoulder or rim ( 13 ) molded onto the catch vessel at the upper edge ensures that the bait station, which is open at the bottom, sits well on the catch vessel. The overall device can, however, just as well be made from one piece ( 7 a); in this case, of course, the shoulder or the edge is omitted. The actual catching device can also be inserted into an installation sleeve ( 15 ), which at the same time takes over the functions of the bait chamber and significantly simplifies the removal of the catching device for control and cleaning purposes.

The hinged closure ( 9 ) of the collecting container ( 7 ) is mounted eccentrically ( 11 ) and is held in place by a balance weight ( 12 ) attached to the shorter side. As long as the animals to be caught are to get used to the safety catch, the flap lock is locked in the horizontal position by a bolt or similar ( 10 ).

Two lateral abutments ( 5 ) on the upper edge of the bait station or the safety device consisting of a single body ( 7 a) serve to prevent the built-in vessel ( 1 ) from moving to open the cover ( 3 ) by stepping on it. The bait container ( 1 ) has the same width and height over the entire height, which allows the rodent species in question to move and eat comfortably therein. On the lid of the device, a hook, an eyelet or a wide-meshed basket (preferably made of stainless steel or rodent-resistant plastic) ( 6 ) is placed in the middle, on / in which a suitable bait ( 17 ) can be attached, which is then up to in two thirds of the height of the vessel remaining above the catch flap ( 9 ). At the top, the vessel ( 1 , or 7 a, or 15 ) is sealed against the environment by a lid ( 3 ) which closes tightly with an inner fold and handle ( 4 ) and is rainproof. The bottom ( 8 ) of the collecting vessel ( 7 ) has bores that allow penetrating surface water and condensed water to run off again and can have different shapes ( 8 a, 8 b).

description

The invention relates to a device for catching animals living underground, consisting of a housing to be installed in the ground, which has at least two lateral openings connected to the aisle system of animal construction and so in this can be integrated. The clear width of the side openings and the vessel depend on the body size of the animals to be caught, the clear width of the side Chen openings should be about 11/2 times the body diameter, that of The vessel itself should correspond approximately to the body length of the adult animals. The Hö The height of the vessel should be such that an adult animal can bump into it without bumping into it slip through the bait attached to the lid or on the side wall, and can gnaw this comfortably and without great effort.

"Subterranean animals" for which the device is intended are ours Introducing primarily harmful rodents up to the size of a muskrat that are in Forests, in nurseries, in fruit growing, in agricultural crops and in front advice hiring by gnawing roots and tubers and / or by undercutting cause damage from dams and embankments. The following description relates on behalf of all affected rodents and areas of application Dressage mouse (Arvicola terrestris) in forests (especially forest crops) and tree nurseries.

These mice gnaw the roots of young ones, especially in the period of dormancy Trees, causing them to die, often on large areas. Here they mostly prefer the ecologically particularly valuable deciduous tree species and under especially oaks and wild fruits. Reforestation is particularly affected former agricultural land and school beds in nurseries, since the loc kere, processed soil substrate meets their needs particularly well. Charak The key point for the brewing mouse is that it still does significant damage likes when the young trees are endangered by bark-eating voles and have long outgrown through game browsing. Even arm-strong trees can Eat still to be killed.  

Combat with bait to be deployed above ground - regardless of whether it is broad-cast or in bait stations - is not possible with the Schermaus due to its underground way of life, it is therefore recreated in all conceivable ways within its structure:

• - Fumigation of the structure can only be carried out successfully where 1. the floors are compact enough to keep gases in the aisles for the required time and 2. all entrances and exits of each building can be found and sealed for a short time are lockable. However, this is usually not the case in, often grazed, forest crops possible. Where the floors have a large volume of coarse pores, such as B. Sand gust and many arable soils, gasification techniques fail completely.
• - The unrestricted application of poisonous baits in the landscape is from the environment protection reasons (risk of poisoning for non-target organisms) and becomes questionable likely to be increasingly restricted by lawmakers.
• - In some places in the field with a special "vole plow" in 20-30 cm depth created an artificial passage in which at regular intervals Poison bait for the brew to be put down. The effectiveness of this procedure is highly dependent on the coincidence of the mouse on such a walk bump - and also explore this - lets. The dosage of the poison bait on the surface che is a maximum to keep this coincidence as small as possible. In already The method cannot be used in existing forest crops because it is the root system would severely affect the stem of the forest trees and from a certain height of Forest trees that are no longer accessible with this existing area.
• - The catch of the brew in the previously known, especially for this purpose dead and live fishing facilities is very difficult to combat Larger area with such bad-looking facilities is - not least out Cost reasons - excluded.
• - The live catch, as it is necessary for various investigations, is with the be knew facilities rather by accident, since the ge in the too narrow catch containers trapped animals die quickly (hypoglycemic shock).

The previous practice of combating shrews in the forest has been application from poison baits into the entrances to the burrows, which is still a significant overdose tion means that the burrows are often only inhabited by a single shrew and usually a fraction of a bait is enough to kill it. Because the gears Often, the shrews run close to the surface of the ground, becoming many aisles Accessed by the user himself at the application, at the entrance of the application Lures deposited in the aisles become inaccessible to the mouse. Lures that are not eaten remain in large numbers. B. for game pigs, which are known to dig in the ground for food - lie in the landscape and pose an undesirable contamination of the same with non-ecosystem pots dangerous substances.

A method has therefore become known with which the bait is covered and attached to the ba most bait places, so the probability of acceptance dra table increase and thus largely the overdoses described above to exclude. This is about setting up fixed bait places in your own additionally bait stations built into the gangway systems, as described in P 1 96 12 883.8 be written.

The boundaries of the burrows are roughly defined on the brewing areas wanted, the construction of at least one bait place must be provided for each building (better two). If a demarcation of the building is not possible due to the densely populated area, the Bait places created in a grid of approx. 30 m (11-12 per ha).

A trafficked tube is dug up so far that a hollow body ( 1 ) with a lid, which is open at the bottom and has several lateral inlets, fits into the resulting cavity, which is immediately provided with an attractive, poison-free bait for the brewing mouse. The baited device must be closed airtight again immediately after baiting, otherwise the mouse will pinch off the part of the passage concerned after only a few minutes of "false air"!
After a day or two the bait positions are checked, the bait is accepted, can be immediately loaded with a rodenticide bait, if the bait is not accepted or the place is visibly churned out, a new bait place has to be sought (see above): at least once a week the bait place is checked for bait acceptance and re-baited as long as it takes place -. the tight closure of the bait place is of great importance and care must be taken to ensure that no aisles are approached near the bait place, otherwise the bait place will become useless. Rodenticides are used, which work as soon as possible with a single intake in order to prevent the development of bait aversion as far as possible. Attention should also be paid to resettlement from the neighborhood, which can occur very quickly and may require re-baiting.

Fixed bait places are of crucial importance in the process described, since they:

• 1. allow the rodenticides to be specifically offered to the shrews.
• 2. make exact control of the success of the control possible.
• 3. the amount of poison to be spread on the surface to the absolutely necessary mini reduce mum, which ensures a successful control.
• 4. Immediately when the area from the neighborhood is re-populated can be reactivated (advancing shrews like to do that existing constructions).
• 5. The soil is prevented from being supported by the side walls, especially with loose Soils the constant slipping of the soil into the bait chamber.
• 6. The handling of an assumed bait station is extremely small Malfunction in the building system because the tightly closing lid prevents the intrusion of "false air" limited to a very short period during the controls remains.

However, the method described also has disadvantages.

It is only for monitoring purposes (via bait acceptance) and for rodenticide applications tion, if necessary it could also be used as a catch bunker for installation use a homicide trap, catching live animals with the one described System excluded.

Another method has become known in which the shear in the duct system a tubular body is inserted so that it replaces a part of the aisle. This body is at the two open ends with one opening inwards Provide a pendulum flap that allows the mouse to penetrate the tube, but not leaving, since the flap hangs obliquely in the body and its length in pendulum direction is larger than the passage diameter ("Luna trap"). The trap described is Although intended as a live trap, it has the following disadvantages.

• 1. So that the installation of this trap in the duct system of the animal in question is not is noticed, it must connect exactly to the open aisle parts, but this is v. a, almost impossible with loose soil.
• 2. The corridors of animals living underground are rarely completely straight, so that installation is necessary of a straight tube body encounters great difficulties.
• 3. The trap described is primarily for use in just below the ground surface running corridors are suitable, but these are covered when walking on the area destroys humans particularly easily (and often). The probability that if the catcher himself destroys the trap-equipped gang section, it is very high, especially since with more frequent checks.
• 4. If an animal actually catches itself in such a pipe trap, the truth is The likelihood of keeping it alive is rather low, since the animals are in such narrow spaces Containers in which they must remain in an extended posture and have wall contact on all sides, a. get into stress very quickly and b. also without it cool down and die very quickly.  
• 5. In order to be able to achieve a tangible success in the fight, we have to because of the low probability of catching the individual cases, very many traps on egg a given area can be used - which is correspondingly expensive of time and money.

Starting at these points, the device presented here was therefore designed according to Invention developed. This invention has for its object a device for Extension of baits for rodents by means of a catching device to expand the is inexpensive to manufacture due to its construction, none due to its low weight Transport problems (especially with the distribution on the area) caused to on direction of permanent fishing spots is suitable, a control and baiting also Frost allows no acceptance problems for the rodents in which the Bait protected against weather influences, contamination and other animal species (e.g. wild boar) can be housed and in which the caught animals through appropriate nesting material and feed supply in the catch container over several Hours can be kept alive relatively stress-free.

The aspects mentioned are of particular importance in places where - from for any reason - no rodenticides should or should not be used and for the future conceivable case, that for the control of brewing mouse at all Rodenticides should no longer be available (possible change of the admissions solution situation. v. a. after the entry into force of EU plant protection law).

These objects are achieved in a device of the type described at the outset according to the invention in that

• - That housing and flap mechanism made of impact-resistant, weather and light resistant plastic can be manufactured.
• - That the housing with flap under one with the side, the size of the rodent re adapted openings provided bait station firmly in the soil che construction system of the relevant rodent is installed.  
• - That the lid of this bait station closes airtight and watertight and due to its material properties or a treatment with neutral lubricants does not freeze to the housing.
• - That the catch flap catches only at the catch dates (maximum once a week) is placed and the rest of the time is locked in a horizontal position.
• - That the bait station is known to the animals to be caught as a pleasant place which can be found regularly, therefore - partly due to the building specialist smell - the stress level of a captured animal remains low.
• - That the catch container can be provided with insulating material and lining trapped animals stay there until they are checked by the catcher Appropriate and low-stress as possible.

This device is very simple and z. B. in the injection molding process from weni to produce individual parts. With regard to possible through the use of this device saves on working time for setting up and maintaining the fishing spots they are the cheapest catch variant compared to all other known methods because it works much more efficiently than other traps. It can also be made in smaller ones Numbers made from marketable sewage products the. The number of side entrances is the same as for the bait station (Device for introducing toxic bait into rodent burrow P 196 12 883.8) according to the rodent species to be controlled or their behavior: cases are conceivable where a ziger entrance is the optimum because the rodent species in question blind to eat ending chambers preferred; for the brew, on the other hand, there are at least two ones gears more advantageous, because in this way access to the bait chamber of both sides is possible. However, three are optimal for the brewing mouse entrances distributed over the radius, since the aisles' passages are rarely straight run and such an arrangement of the entrances fitting into the aisle system facilitated. The shape of the inputs as a parabola open at the bottom or z. B. as circular hole depends primarily on whether the safety gear as an addition to a common bait station or as an egg enclosing facility a piece is designed. Otherwise, the shape of the entrance, whether circular,  vertical or transverse oval, depending on the animal species concerned and the possibilities of ferti engineering technology, but generally does not play a decisive role for the function, if the corresponding clear width is maintained.

So that the bait chamber during controls and re-baiting is not optimal position is shifted or rotated, are at the top of each other on the outside Opposite two abutments attached, on which the user can use both Feet when he removes or reinserts the lid. These abutments can NEN molded directly as an appendage of the vessel in injection molding, at Fer from z. B. pipe sections can, for. B. threaded cheeks secured with nuts or metal screws perform this function; with very compact floors also two, through opposite holes in the vessel wall ground nails driven into the ground provide the necessary stability against twisting and slipping ben, but this would be associated with disadvantages (described below).

The rodents generally accept chambers that do not represent a clearly recognizable interference in their gait system (since such is primarily recognized by the "false air"), foreign bodies on their walls, as they naturally do Occurrences (stones etc.) are not perceived as disturbing. It is important that the access is not an obstacle through which the animal has to squeeze, hence the clear width of the animal of about 1½ times the body size. The height of the bait container should be such that an adult animal can slip under the bait attached to the lid or on the side wall without bumping, and gnaw it comfortably and without great effort. An occasional shyness to walk on foreign surfaces is counteracted by sprinkling a fine layer of earth on the flap. Condensate accumulations at the bottom of the vessel, which are often a problem with all-round capture devices because they lead to a wetting of the fur of the captive animals and the resulting high mortality due to hypothermia, are avoided by perforating the bottom of the capture vessel, water can thus just seep away. Even if the rodents should fill the bait chamber with soil ("digging"), it can be easily removed at any time, including the trapping device attached, by rotating upwards (of course, this does not apply when using pegs); this, as well as controls, are decisively simplified if the safety gear is in a hollow installation sleeve ( 16 ), from which it can be removed at any time without changing anything on the building structure. Cleaning work is quite simple due to the plastic construction.

The tight seal not only prevents "false air" in the building and the associated reactions (shy or burrowing) of the rodent, but also prevents in to a great extent that bait and rodent scents penetrate to the outside. There through is the bait chamber for other animals that otherwise function more appropriately Often interfere with facilities such. B. wild boar, not of interest.

Use and embodiments of the subject matter of the invention are in the Drawings shown:

Show it:

Fig. 1 shows a longitudinal section through a possible embodiment with bait eyelet for fixed bait on the lower (inner) side of the lid, along the axis of the catch flap.

Fig. 2 is a plan view of a possible embodiment of the device according to the invention.

Fig. 3 is a sectional view of the flap mechanism transverse to the axis of the flap.

Fig. 4 is a spatial representation of a possible embodiment of - from above, obliquely to the axis of the catch flap, catch flap swung out from the rest position, as when loaded by an animal to be caught.

Fig. 5 is a sectional view of a possible embodiment in the Fangvor direction and bait station form a unit.

Fig. 6 is a sectional view of a possible embodiment with lowered to the edge and center, multi-perforated bottom for optimal drainage.

Fig. 7 is a sectional view of a possible embodiment in which the catching device is placed in an installation sleeve which remains in the ground during checks.

Fig. 8 is a longitudinal section through an integrated in a gangway possible implementation form of the device according to the invention to illustrate the appli cation.

Where:

Reference list

1

Bait station body

2nd

Inlet opening

3rd

cover

4th

Handle of the lid

5

Lateral abutment for stepping on during controls

6

Eyelet (also conceivable as a hook or basket) for attaching the bait

7

Body of the catch container

7

a Body of the catch container with integrated bait chamber

8th

Bottom of the catch container with perforations for water drainage

8th

a Version of the bottom of the catch container with perforations only in the lowered edge area

8th

b Design of the bottom of the catch container with a recessed center, lowered edge area and perforations

9

Flap

10th

Locking lever for catch flap

11

Eccentric mounting of the flap

12th

Counterweight for balancing the catch flap in the rest position

12th

a Direction of rotation of the catch flap

13

Notches for locking the locking lever in the working position

14

Shoulder of the catch vessel on which the bait station sits securely

15

Installation sleeve

16

soil

17th

Lock bait (here: apple piece)

18th

Walk of the burrowing animal.

The material used for the vessel including the lid is preferably a tough, impact-resistant, at least for the lid also UV-resistant plastic for the fastening or receiving device for the bait, the most suitable materials are stainless steel (abrasion-resistant and tasteless) or glass-fiber reinforced plastic. The bottom of the catch container ( 8 ) should also be made of glass fiber reinforced plastic, as the necessary water drainage holes represent starting points for rodent activities.

Claims (6)

1. Device for the live capture of building animals, consisting of a Ge housing ( 7 ) with an arbitrarily shaped cross-section, the clear width and height of which is based on the body length of the animal in question; characterized

• - That a housing ( 7 ) in the ground ( 16 ) can be installed so that it comes to rest with its upper edge at the level of the passage system ( 18 ) of the animals to be caught,
• - That the safety gear is completed by a bottom ( 8 ) and upwards by a catch flap ( 9 ) that opens downwards to catch, and
• - That the catch flap ( 9 ) is so high above the bottom of the catch container that it cannot be reached by the captured animal without climbing aid.

2. Device according to claim 1, characterized

• - That the bottom of the collecting container is arched upwards or the edge of which is deeply lowered ( 8 a + b),
• - That the catch flap ( 9 ) is mounted eccentrically and is held horizontally in the working position by a counterweight ( 12 ) or a spring,
• - That the catch flap can be locked in the rest position ( 10 ), and
• - That the bottom ( 8 ) either over the entire surface, or in the edge area with water drain perforations is provided.

3. Device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in

• - That instead of an eccentrically mounted catch flap ( 9 ) two or more sol cher catch flaps are attached, which open under load and un th towards the catch container.

4. Apparatus according to claim 1 to 3, characterized in

• - That the safety device ( 7 ) is designed as an additional device for a given bait station ( 1 ), which is installed under the same in the ground.

5. The device according to claim 1 to 4, characterized in

• - That the safety gear and the bait station form a unit ( 7 a, Fig. 5 + 6).

6. The device according to claim 1 to 5, characterized in that

• - That the safety device ( 7 ) is in a recessed into the ground installation sleeve ( 15 ) from which it can be easily removed during controls or exchanged for a safety device.