DE19757235C2 - Control system for a building or for one or more rooms in a building - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a control system for a building or for one or more Rooms of a building according to the preamble of claim 1.

Control systems of the type mentioned above serve primarily for temperature regulation. With the help of such control systems, the temperature of everyone Room of a building can be adjusted to an individual level.

Known control systems have at least one control center and one at least two connected to the control center by radio Components. The control center receives or sends signals from the components Signals to the components. The signals are transmitted within one predetermined frequency range. Since very often others within the Devices operated in buildings within the specified frequency range interference between colliding signals can occur. Because of this, known control systems only have an inadequate one Reliability in terms of signal transmission between the control center and the components.

The state of the art in multi-frequency systems is based on DE 40 35 070 A1, DE 195 06 385 C1 and DE 43 37 211 C1 referenced.

Proceeding from this, the present invention therefore has the problem based on a control system with a more reliable signal transmission to provide.  

The control system mentioned at the outset is therefore to solve this problem characterized in that each signal on at least two different Frequencies within the frequency range is transmitted, with at least one of these frequencies outside a sub-frequency range of Frequency range.

The predetermined frequency range is preferably a High frequency band, especially around an ISM band. A sub-frequency range within this high-frequency band is usually different devices used inside the building. The invention is based therefore on the basic idea that between the control center and components transmit signals to be transmitted redundantly on at least two frequencies be, with at least one of these frequencies outside of that of the other signal transmission devices operated within a building partial frequency range used. This will increase the reliability of the Signal transmission between the control center and the components increased.

Preferred developments of the invention result from the sub claims and the description. An embodiment of the Invention explained with reference to the drawings. The drawing shows:

Figure 1 is a block diagram of the control system according to the invention with a center and several components.

FIG. 2 shows a transmission device assigned to the control center and some of the components of the control system according to FIG. 1 in a highly schematic representation;

FIG. 3 shows a receiving device assigned to the control center and some of the components of the control system according to FIG. 1 in a highly schematic representation;

FIG. 4 shows a block diagram of the transmission device according to FIG. 2;

FIG. 5 shows a block diagram of the receiving device according to FIG. 3;

FIG. 6 is one of the inventive guidance system according to 1 frequency range used for the signal transmission Fig. and

Fig. 7 shows the interaction between a transmitting device and a receiving device in the signal transmission within the inventive control system.

The control system shown in the drawing is used for individual control a temperature level in a building or in one or more Clear a building. In addition, with such a control system also control the lighting within the building as well as a Control of the shutters of the building take place. In addition, the Regulation of the individual temperature level applied energy expenditure evaluable.

Fig. 1 shows a preferred structure of the control system according to the invention with a center and several components. The head office 10 is also referred to as an apartment manager. The components are different assemblies. Components 11 are so-called temperature controllers, which are used to monitor the temperature level in a room to be controlled and to set this temperature level via a corresponding setting element 12 . The components 13 are electronic radiator valves, by means of which the heating power, so-called radiator radiators, can be adjusted. Component 14 is a so-called underfloor heating controller for setting the heating power of an underfloor heating. The components 15 are lighting devices, the components 16 are roller shutters. Finally, the components 17 are so-called heating cost allocators, with the aid of which the heating power applied by the heating is monitored.

In the simplest case, only the control center 10 and the components 11 , 13 are provided in the control system according to the invention. By coupling components 14 , 15 , 16 and 17 and further components (not shown), the control system according to the invention can be expanded as desired.

The components 11 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 and 17 are connected to the control center 10 by radio. The control center 10 accordingly exchanges information or data with the components 11 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 and 17 . The direction of signal flow between the components and the control center 10 is illustrated by the arrows 18 in FIG. 1. The signal transmission between the components 11 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 and the control center 10 is therefore a uni-directional data exchange. The control center 10 accordingly receives signals or data from the components 11 , 17 . In addition, the control center 10 sends signals or data to the components 13 , 14 , 15 and 16 .

Corresponding transmission devices 19 are assigned to each component 11 and the control center 10 for transmitting the signals. Corresponding receiving devices are assigned to the components 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 and the control center 10 for receiving signals. The components 17 also have transmission devices, which are not shown in FIG. 1, however.

FIG. 2 shows a highly schematic representation of the transmission devices 19 used in the components 11 and in the control center 10 . The transmitting device 19 has two inputs 21 , 22 and an output 23 . The data or signals to be sent are present at input 22 . After the signals have been processed in the transmitting device 19 , they are made available to the output 23 and to an antenna 24 connected to the output 23 . The input 21 is a serial interface (the so-called channel control), which is used to program channels of the transmission device 19 .

To clarify the mode of operation of the transmitting device 19 according to FIG. 2, reference is made to FIG. 4 below. In FIG. 4, the two inputs 21, 22, the output 23 and the output 23 connected to the antenna 24, in turn, are shown. The data to be sent are fed to an oscillator 25 via the input 22 . The oscillator 25 is an oscillator that can be regulated in its output frequency 26 via its input voltage 27 , a so-called voltage controller oscillator (VCO). Since the transmitting device 19 is to transmit at an exact frequency, the output frequency 26 of the oscillator 25 must be as precise as possible. For this purpose, the output frequency 26 of the oscillator 25 is fed to a comparator 28 which compares the output frequency 26 with an auxiliary frequency 29 or a reference frequency. If there is a discrepancy between the output frequency 26 and the auxiliary frequency 29 , the comparator 28 changes its output voltage and thus the input voltage 27 of the oscillator 25 . This ensures that the output frequency 26 is as accurate as possible. The auxiliary frequency 29 is made available to the comparator 28 via an oscillator, namely a quartz oscillator 30 . The output signal 26 of the oscillator 25 or the signal to be sent is fed to the antenna 24 via an amplifier 31 and a filter 32 connected downstream of the amplifier 31 .

A receiving device 20 used in the control center 10 and the components 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 is shown roughly schematically in FIG. 3. The receiving device 20 has two inputs 33 , 34 and an output 35 . An antenna 36 is connected to the input 34 and captures the signal to be received by the receiving device 20 . The input 33 is in turn a serial interface (the so-called channel control) which is used to program the channels of the receiving device 20 . The signals or data of the respective component received by the receiving device 20 are made available via the output 35 . Optionally, a further output 37 can be provided, the z. B. additional information about the field strength of the receiving device 27 can be found.

The functional principle of the receiving device 20 according to FIG. 3 results from the block diagram according to FIG. 5. Here again the inputs 33 , 34 , the antenna 36 connected to the input 34 and the outputs 35 , 37 of the receiving device 20 are shown. The task of the receiving device 20 is to filter out the signal to be received at a certain frequency from the frequency band captured by the antenna 36 and applied to the input 34 . For this purpose, the signal present at input 34 is passed through two filters 38 , 39 and an amplifier 40 connected between filters 38 , 39 . An output signal of the filter 39 is mixed with an output frequency 41 of an oscillator 42 in a mixer 43 and its output signal is filtered in a filter 44 . So that the output frequency 41 of the oscillator 42 is as precise as possible, this is in turn compared in a comparator 45 with an auxiliary frequency 46 , which is made available by a quartz oscillator 47 . The oscillator 42 is again a so-called voltage controller oscillator. The filtered output signal of the mixer 43 is mixed in a second mixer 48 with the auxiliary frequency 46 of the quartz oscillator 47 . Its output signal is then filtered in a further filter 49 , amplified in an amplifier 50 and demodulated in a demodulator 51 . Its output signal is in turn amplified in a further amplifier 52 before being provided at the output 35 and filtered in a filter 53 connected downstream thereof.

Due to the double mixture of the multiple filtered signal present at the input 34 , the receiving device 20 is a so-called superheterodyne receiving device.

According to the invention, the signals to be transmitted or received by components 11 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 and by control center 10 are transmitted in a predetermined frequency range 54 . Fig. 6 shows this frequency range 54 , which is a high frequency range, namely an ISM band. The frequency range 54 is accordingly between 433.05 MHz and 434.79 MHz.

A sub-frequency range 55 of the frequency range 54 is usually already used commercially for other purposes. Most of the devices operating in a building that communicate via radio transmit in this sub-frequency range 55 . This sub-frequency range 55 is between 433.60 MHz and 434.40 MHz.

In order to avoid collisions between the signals to be received or transmitted by the control center 10 and the components 11 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 with signals from other devices and thus to increase the reliability of the signal transmission of the control system according to the invention, each signal is transmitted on at least two different frequencies within the frequency range 54 , with at least one of these frequencies outside the sub-frequency range 55 of the frequency range 54 . This not only ensures redundant signal transmission, but also takes into account the fact that more reliable signal transmission is possible in the case of signal transmission with frequencies outside the partial frequency range 55 .

Since the components 17 , the so-called heating cost allocators, can be third-party devices, it should be noted here that it is possible that the components 17 also use only the partial frequency range 55 for signal transmission.

Referring to FIG. 6, the frequency band is divided into a plurality of channel width 56 equal channels 54. These are channels C1 to C32, of which only channels C1, C5, C10, C15, C20, C25 and C30 are labeled in FIG. 6. The channel width of channels 56 is 50 KHz.

Referring to FIG. 6, the channels C11 to C26 are located within the partial frequency range 55th The channels C1 to C10 are below, the channels C27 to C32 above the partial frequency range 55 , but within the frequency range 54 . Accordingly, a total of 32 channels with a channel width of 50 kHz are available for signal transmission within the control system according to the invention.

Each signal to be transmitted is preferably transmitted on three different frequencies, each of these frequencies being assigned to a different channel 56 within the frequency range 54 . At least one of the frequencies or at least one of the relevant channels lies outside the partial frequency range 55 . Preferably at least a first of the three frequencies or a first of the three channels lies below the sub-frequency band 55 and at least a second of the three frequencies or a second of the three channels lies above the sub-frequency band 55 .

In detail, the transmitting device 19 of the control center 10 transmits the signals to be transmitted to the components 13 , namely to the electronic radiator valves, at three different frequencies, a first frequency within the channel C1, a second frequency within the channel C5 and a third frequency within of the C30 channel. The receiving devices 20 of the components 13 assigned to the transmitting device 19 of the control center 10 scan these three channels C1, C5 and C30 in order to receive the transmitted signals. Each channel is scanned with a scan width of 10 KHz. Accordingly, five scan steps are required per channel.

The transmitters 19 of the components 11 , namely the temperature controller, transmit each signal to be transmitted to the control center 10 at different times on three different frequencies, a first frequency within the channel C2, a second frequency within the channel C6 and a third frequency within the channel C31 lies. The receiving device 20 of the control center 10 assigned to the transmitting devices 19 of the components 11 in turn scans each of these three channels with five scanning steps each with a scanning width of 10 kHz. The other available channels are used in a corresponding manner by components 14 , 15 , 16 and 17 .

Fig. 7 shows an example of the interaction between a transmitting device 19 and a receiving device 20, wherein the transmitting means 19 of the center 10 and at the receiving means 20 to receiving means 20 of a component 13, namely an electronic radiator valve, is at the transmitting means 19. The channel assignment and the transmission behavior of the transmission device 19 of the control center 10 are shown under a) in FIG. 7, and possible operating states of the reception device 20 of a component 13 are shown under b), c), d) and e) of FIG . For this:

The transmitting device 19 of the control center 10 transmits each signal to be sent to the components 13 one after the other on three different frequencies, each of these three frequencies being assigned to a different channel, namely channels 1 , 5 and 30 , of the frequency range 54 . The time required to transmit the signals on each of the channels is composed of a synchronization component 57 , a data component 58 and a channel jump component 59 . A bar 60 in FIG. 7 accordingly indicates the total transmission time of the center 10 for the time-shifted transmission of a signal on three different channels.

The actual information of the signal is transmitted during the respective data portion 58 . The upstream synchronization components 57 serve to compensate for the tolerances of the transmitting device 19 and the receiving device 20 . Sufficient time must be made available to the receiving device 20 to find the specific frequency at which the signal to be transmitted is transmitted within each channel. For this purpose, each data component 58 is preceded by a corresponding synchronization component 57 . The channel jump component 59 gives the transmitting device 19 sufficient time, for example, to change from channel 1 to channel 5 or also from channel 5 to channel 30 , so that the signal can be transmitted on different channels with a time delay.

Section b) in FIG. 7 shows a possible operating state of the receiving device 20 in order to receive a signal transmitted by the transmitting device 19 . In this case, the operating condition of the receiving device 20, the most favorable situation represents respect, the transmission frequency of the transmitting device 19 automatically corresponds to the receiving frequency of the receiving device 20 so that the receiving device 20 can receive the signal without previous channel scanning. The required reception time of the receiver 20 is accordingly limited to a synchronization component 61 and a data component 62 , the data component 62 corresponding to the data component 58 . In this case, the operating time of the receiving device 20 for receiving the transmitted signal is the shortest.

Section c) of FIG. 7 shows a further possible operating state of the receiving device 20 . In this operating state, the transmission frequency of the transmitter 19 and the reception frequency deviate the receiving means 20 from one another, so that the receiving device 20 must scanning the or each channel to the transmission frequency. In the worst case, the receiving device 20 must scan all three channels, carry out three synchronizations in accordance with the synchronization component 61 and make two channel jumps. For this purpose, the receiving device 20 requires a time which corresponds to the scan portion 63 shown in section c) of FIG. 7. Only after this scan portion 63 can the actual transmission of the signal take place during the data portion 62 . In the event that there is no channel interference, this is the worst case with regard to the required reception time of the reception device 20 .

Sections d) and e) of FIG. 7 show further possible operating states of the receiving device 20 . In principle, the operating state according to section b) corresponds to the operating state according to section d) and the operating state according to section c) corresponds to the operating state according to section e), but a channel fault with regard to channel 1 occurs in the operating states according to sections d) and e) . This channel interference is shown in FIG. 7 by the hatched area 64 .

Section d) relates to the case in which the reception frequency of the reception device 20 immediately corresponds to the transmission frequency of the transmission device 19 , but the signal transmission within the channel 1 is disturbed as a result of a signal collision or interference. Because of this, the signal to be transmitted cannot be received during its transmission on channel 1 . Accordingly, the signal must be received on channel 5 during its transmission. The time required for this corresponds to a channel jump component 65 corresponding to the channel jump component 59 plus a scan component 63 and the data component 62 . As a result, the signal is received by the receiving device during its transmission on channel 5 .

The case shown in section e) corresponds to the case shown in section c) with a fault in channel 1 . Accordingly, a channel jump component 65 and a scan component 63 with regard to channel 5 must also be run through here before the actual signal transmission can take place during the data component 62 .

The time-shifted transmission of each signal to be transmitted on different channels ensures that if one channel is disturbed, the signal can be received on another channel during its transmission. This increases the security of the signal transmission. Furthermore, since at least one of the channels lies outside the partial frequency range 55 , channel interference is minimized anyway. This further increases the security of the signal transmission.

Reference list

10th

Headquarters

11

component

12th

Adjustment element

13

component

14

component

15

component

16

component

17th

component

18th

arrow

19th

Sending device

20th

Receiving device

21

entrance

22

entrance

23

output

24th

antenna

25th

oscillator

26

Output frequency

27

Input voltage

28

Comparator

29

Auxiliary frequency

30th

Quartz oscillator

31

amplifier

32

filter

33

entrance

34

entrance

35

output

36

antenna

37

output

38

filter

39

filter

40

amplifier

41

Output frequency

42

oscillator

43

mixer

44

filter

45

Comparator

46

Auxiliary frequency

47

Quartz oscillator

48

mixer

49

filter

50

amplifier

51

Demodulator

52

amplifier

53

filter

54

Frequency range

55

Sub-frequency range

56

channel

57

Synchronization share

58

Data share

59

Channel jump share

60

bar

61

Synchronization share

62

Data share

63

Share of scan

64

Area

65

Channel jump share

Claims (10)

1. Control system for a building or for one or more rooms of a building, with at least one center ( 10 ) and with at least two components ( 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 ) connected to the center ( 10 ) by radio, wherein the center ( 10 ) receives signals from the components ( 11 ) or sends signals to the components ( 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 ), and wherein the signals are transmitted within a predetermined frequency range ( 54 ), characterized in that

• a) each signal is transmitted on at least two different frequencies within the frequency range ( 54 ),
• b) at least one of these frequencies lies outside a sub-frequency range ( 55 ) of the frequency range ( 54 ),
• c) the partial frequency range ( 55 ) is a range of the predetermined frequency range ( 54 ) used by other external devices operated within the building.

2. Control system according to claim 1, characterized in that the signals are offset in time on at least two different ones Frequencies are transmitted. 3. Control system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the signals are transmitted successively in time on three different frequencies, at least a first of the three frequencies below the sub-frequency range ( 55 ) and at least a second of the three frequencies above the sub-frequency range ( 55 ) lies. 4. Control system according to one or more of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the frequency range ( 54 ) corresponds to a high-frequency band, in particular an ISM band. 5. Control system according to claim 4, characterized in that the frequency range ( 54 ) is between 433 MHz and 435 MHz, in particular between 433.05 MHz and 434.79 MHz. 6. Control system according to one or more of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the frequency range ( 54 ) is divided into several channels ( 56 ) of the same channel width. 7. Control system according to claim 6, characterized in that the channel width is 50 kHz. 8. Control system according to one or more of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the central unit ( 10 ) and the components ( 11 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 ) each have at least one transmitting device ( 19 ) and / or at least one receiving device ( 20 ), and that each transmitting device ( 19 ) transmits each signal to be transmitted by the latter on at least two different frequencies, each of these frequencies being assigned to a different channel ( 56 ) within the frequency range ( 54 ). 9. Control system according to claim 8, characterized in that one of the transmitting device ( 19 ) assigned receiving device ( 20 ) scans each of the channels ( 56 ) on which the transmitting device ( 19 ) transmits the signals to be transmitted, each channel ( 56 ) is sampled with a step distance of 10 KHz. 10. Control system according to one or more of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the partial frequency range ( 55 ) is between 433.60 MHz and 434.40 MHz.