DE19745843A1 - Extruder cooling and calibrating unit, especially for window profiles and profile cooling process - Google Patents

Abstract

A cooling and calibrating unit for an extruded profile(7), especially a window profile, includes a housing which has an inlet and outlet for the profile and is divided into successive chambers(25-30) by calibrating diaphragms(46-50). Coolant flows between the chambers(25-30) via two or more coolant flow passages(117) in the calibrating diaphragms(46-50) or their surrounding area, the passages having different cross-sections and being aligned with each other along the extrusion direction. In a profile cooling and calibrating process within each chamber(25-30) 70-98% of the coolant flows in a transverse direction around the profile(7) before flowing into the next chamber while the remaining 2-30% of the coolant flows through the smaller of the coolant passages(117) between immediately adjacent chambers(25-30). The major and minor flows alternate between each side of the profile(7) at each successive chamber(25-30) to reverse the flushing effect in successive chambers.

Description

The invention relates to a device and a method for cooling and optionally Ka librate elongated plastic extruded objects, such as those in the upper handles of claims 1 and 13 is described.

It is already a method for cooling and possibly calibrating elongated, continuous known extruded plastic objects - according to DE 195 04 981 A1 same applicant. In this method and the associated device, the is too cold lumbar and calibrating object during its movement in the longitudinal direction or Direction of extrusion in successive sections of its outer surface exposed to different vacuum. The cooling in the successive areas with different vacuum takes place through a liquid cooling around the object medium with which the heat which is extracted to cool the object is dissipated.  

The different areas are separated from one another in a direction perpendicular to the extrusion direction aligned plane arranged diaphragms through which the object is in on NEN outer circumference adapted openings or openings. The cooling medium is increasing in the successive areas in the direction of extrusion Negative pressure is conveyed through these areas and flows essentially transversely or obliquely to the direction of extrusion over a large part of the surface of the article. Despite the thereby improved contact and the higher exchange of the with the opposite was in direct contact with the amount of liquid coolant achieved cooling of the object not in all execution cases.

Other known similar methods and devices for cooling plastics professionals len also describe EP 0 659 536 A2 and EP 0 659 537 A2, which describe the turbulence of the Increase a cooling medium flowing through a calibration and cooling bath. EP 0 659 536 A2 describes this a device for cooling plastic profiles, with a tub for Absorption of the cooling medium is used, through which the plastic profile to be cooled passes can be performed. There are several guides in the tub for calibrating the plastic Profiles arranged with at least one inflow opening and in the interior of the tub at least one outflow opening for the cooling medium opens. Good cooling at gerin according to the effort is achieved that the guides are designed as walls that the Divide the tub in the longitudinal direction of the plastic profile into several sections, with additional Lich to the opening receiving the profile in the wall further openings for production a turbulent flow are arranged in the same. In the further described here The process is used to cool the profile in a tub filled with the cooling medium introduced and again led out of the tub at the other end. When through when the profile enters the tub, it is guided by guides in the tub calibrated, during the passage through the choice of an appropriate volume flow with a turbulent flow of the cooling medium is generated. Also EP 0 659 537 A2 describes a device for cooling plastic profiles, the device being a Trough to hold the cooling medium through which the profile to be cooled passes leads, has. The tub stands with at least one inflow opening and at least one an outflow opening for the cooling medium in flow connection. Furthermore, the tub assigned a device for generating negative pressure within the tub, which as self-priming water pump is formed, the suction port with the discharge opening and is connected to the cooling medium. The disadvantage here is that the turbulence of the Flow in different cross-sectional areas of the cooling and calibration bath extremely un is different.  

There are also processes for cooling and calibrating elongated, in particular continuously extruded objects made of plastic known, according to US 5,008,051A or EP 0 487 778 B1 in which the extruded objects or profiles pass through a once-through cooling chamber can be cooled. In such a continuous cooling chamber the extruded profile with coolant, especially coolant, such as. B. water on all sides usually sprayed with spray nozzles so that it is sufficient until the end of the run Stiffness, there is a uniform vacuum in the interior of the continuous cooling chamber constructed so that sinking or collapse of the profile walls is prevented when cooling. Due to the surface tension of the water, the water or the coolant adheres when spraying on the surface of the profile to be cooled, which subsequently sprayed water or the cooling liquid runs over the existing cooling water film and so that the entire sprayed amount of coolant does not cool with the surface of the the profile comes into contact and therefore very high amounts of water in the time unit on the Profile must be sprayed on to allow a minimum cooling of the profile during the passage to achieve running of the continuous cooling chamber.

Furthermore, a method for producing thermoplastic hollow profiles from DE 19 36 428 A has become known, in which the extruded hollow profile after emerging from the Extrusion die immersed in a bath with a liquid coolant and in contact with this is moved. For external shaping, the hollow profile is inside the cooling or Calibration device guided by spaced ribs, which both the extruded hollow profile also give it a certain shape. The In nenraum the cooling chamber is airtight against the external environment, being in addition, a vacuum inside the chamber from the outside environment prevails. When the profile to be cooled is carried out, it is inside the cooling chamber completely surrounded on the outer surface by the coolant that is to be cooled Object dissipates a corresponding amount of heat. Over own, within the cooling chamber In addition, arranged inlets and outlets lead to a constant exchange of the Cooling medium instead. Due to the arrangement of the supply and discharge lines within the cooling system chamber is an additional flow movement of the cooling medium within the cooling chamber causes a rinsing of the object between the individual ribs or Support panels are made. In addition, the coolant penetrates through a coolant ring in the entry area of the profile into the cooling chamber an additional swirl inside the cooling medium, causing the inevitable water circulation of the cooling medium takes place inside the cooling chamber. An optimal rinsing and heat dissipation was there cannot be achieved in the most varied of operating conditions.  

The object of the present invention is an apparatus and a method to cool extruded profiles with which, if possible, in all surfaces areas of the profile to be cooled a turbulent flow can be created.

The object is achieved by the features in the characterizing part of claim 1.

It is advantageous with this solution that now dead spaces, in which standing or slow flowing cooling medium quantities, which a continuous cooling or flushing over the Length of the cooling and calibration bath can not be avoided, and can now be avoided a uniformly turbulent in the area of the entire surface of the profile to be cooled Flow can be built up. A cross flow of the cooling medium can still occur transversely to the direction of extrusion in the successive areas. Through the aligned alignment of the flow openings arranged one behind the other is additionally a directed and targeted flow between the individual areas is achieved. Wei ters is due to the different size of the individual openings within each other a different flow behavior forcibly evolved in each individual area fen, which causes a high level of turbulence and the associated high turbulence within of the cooling medium is achieved.

A further embodiment according to claim 2 is advantageous, due to the variation the flow cross-sections in the respective sections one after the other also at the sides of the smaller flow opening an increase in the circular movement of the cooling mediums us an additional increased heat dissipation from the surfaces of the object which is achievable. Furthermore, when the cooling medium passes through the smaller flow opening increases the speed, which also corresponds to the turbulence is increased accordingly.

Another advantageous embodiment is described in claim 3, because it is simple Way those amounts of coolant can be determined, which on the one hand the Ge subject between the individual sections in an area transverse to its longitudinal direction flow around and on the other hand that amount of cooling medium is determined which the additional Turbulence or speed increases.

Due to the embodiment variant according to claim 4, he will have a lower manufacturing cost enough, the different flow cross-sections and the arrangement the same in a simple way to match the different profiles is.  

In the embodiment according to claim 5 is advantageous in that when the cooling passes mediums between the individual areas arranged one behind the other is swirled and thus an even better heat dissipation due to the high coolant telexchange can be achieved on the surface of the object.

A further development according to claim 6 is also advantageous, since as a result a predetermined and directional cross-flow of the cooling medium can be achieved in relation to the object, whereby an intensive all-round washing of the same can be achieved. In addition, this will also through the cooling section through the serpentine passage of the cooling medium the housing is extended in relation to the object passing through.

The design according to claim 7 is also in the area between the longitudinal web and the object reaches a certain throughput of cooling medium and so does this area secured cooled.

Through the development according to claim 8 is achieved in that in the immediately successive areas the direction of washing of the object by the cooling medium is different between the sections of each individual area, so that the cooling effect and the associated cooling rate of the object takes place evenly during the passage through the cooling device, whereby it does not result in any Warping of the object during its passage through the cooling device.

According to another embodiment variant according to claim 9, the alternating to order of the control devices in the immediately successive areas of one of the both flow channels partially or completely closed, whereby on the one hand the cross flow and on the other hand due to the arcuate or concave longitudinal course of the guide means the circular movement and thus an increased circulation of the cooling mediums in the area of the top of the object is increased.

Through the design variants according to claims 10 to 12 is in the area of Leitein direction an additional swirling of the cooling medium both before and after the Guide device achieved in the sections of the areas arranged one behind the other.

The object of the invention is also independent of the solution according to the device solved by a method according to the characterizing part of claim 13. There is an advantage in that the object between sections arranged on both sides in one Area on the one hand transverse to its longitudinal direction from a certain larger cooling medium  amount is washed around and the further smaller amount of cooling medium for additional circulation tion or swirling of the larger amount of coolant leads. In addition, the mutual displacement of the direction of washing around in the respective successive the areas the contact length of the cooling medium in relation to the counter stood increased, whereby a higher heat dissipation from the same can be achieved.

A variant of the method according to claim 14 is also advantageous, since this increases the cooling amount of medium can be used to dissipate the amount of heat from the object and the lower amount of cooling medium the additional swirling of the larger cooling medium quantity effects.

By proceeding according to claims 15 to 17, this is required to comply with the requirements Chen quality of the object required vacuum built up evenly, with additional still due to the increase in vacuum starting from the entry area of the object to the exit area a sinking of the mold walls of the still viscous object is prevented. Due to the low vacuum in the entry area, in which the Ge object does not yet have a high dimensional stability, there is no additional deformation or Inflation of the object. Increasing the vacuum up to the exit area also ensures that the cooling medium in the interior is transported onwards.

A method variant according to claim 18 is also advantageous, as a result of which the one or the other side of the object to be cooled or profile or window profile stronger is cooled and thus a step-by-step cooling and compensation in succession areas of possible build-up of tension within the object can be compensated.

A process sequence according to claim 19 ensures that, on the one hand, within there is a constant vacuum in the individual areas and, on the other hand, further promotion of the cooling medium takes place in separate ways within the housing. In addition, through the separate passage of air and cooling medium a more intensive cooling dium exchange achieved on the surface of the object.

Finally, a procedure according to claim 20 is advantageous, since it means additional drives can be saved, which for the passage of the cooling medium within the cooler direction would otherwise be necessary. In addition, due to the increasing vacuum, the Flow rate in connection with the flow cross sections fixed in a simple manner be placed.  

The invention is based on the in the drawings and against possibly also explained in more detail for independent, different design variants.

Show it:

Figure 1 shows an extrusion system with a cooling and optionally calibration device according to the invention, in side view and simplified, schematic presen- tation.

Fig. 2 shows a possible embodiment of the cooling and possibly calibration device, in side view, sectioned, along lines II-II in Fig. 3 and simplified, schematic representation;

Fig. 3, the cooling and possibly calibration device of Figure 2, in plan view, cut GE, along the lines III-III in Fig. 2.

Fig. 4, the cooling and possibly calibration device according to Figures 2 and 3, in end view, cut, along the lines IV-IV in Fig. 2.

Fig. 5, the cooling and possibly calibration device according to Figures 2 to 3, in front view, cut, along the lines VV in Fig. 2.

Fig. 6 shows another and possibly independent embodiment of the cooling and optionally calibration device, in front view, cut and simplified, schematic representation.

As an introduction, it should be noted that the differently described embodiments are the same che parts are provided with the same reference numerals or the same component designations, the disclosures contained throughout the description being analogously the same Parts with the same reference numerals or the same component names can be transferred nen. Furthermore, individual features from the different designs shown can also be used represent examples for themselves, inventive solutions.

In Fig. 1 an extrusion plant 1 is shown, which are supported from an extruder 2, an this is connected to the extrusion tool 3, and a downstream of the latter on the calibrating table 4 or on which other inputs or devices. In the extrusion direction - arrow 5 - the calibration table 4 is a schematically and simplified caterpillar take-off 6 with which an object 7 , for example a profile made of plastic for window construction, based on the extrusion tool 3 by means of shaping or cooling devices described in more detail below can be. The extruder 2 , the calibration table 4 and the caterpillar take-off 6, as well as other systems and devices downstream thereof, such as saws and the like, are supported on and supported on a schematically indicated contact area 8 . Furthermore, it is indicated schematically in the area of the calibration 4 that this is movably mounted on rollers 9 on a rail 10 in the extrusion direction - arrow 5 - is longitudinally displaceable. In order to be able to carry out this adjustment movement more easily and precisely, for example one of the rollers 9 is assigned a traversing drive 11 which enables a targeted and controlled longitudinal movement of the calibration plate 4 to the extruder 2 or from the extruder 2 . Any solutions known from the prior art can be used for driving and controlling this travel drive 11 .

The calibration table 4 is used for receiving or holding further between the extrusion tool 3 and the caterpillar 6 shown devices or devices. In the extrusion direction - arrow 5 - the extrusion tool 3 is immediately followed by a calibration device 12 , such as a vacuum calibration, and held on the calibration table 4 . In the present exemplary embodiment, this calibration device 12 is formed from three calibration tools 13 to 15 arranged one behind the other, in which the calibration of the extruded object 7 is carried out in a known manner. The arrangement of the vacuum slots, the cooling sections and cooling bores and their connections can be made according to the known prior art. This calibration can include, for example, a combination of dry and wet calibration or only a complete dry calibration. Furthermore, access of ambient air from the extrusion die 3 to the exit from the calibration device 12 can be completely prevented.

Immediately following the calibration tool 15 of the calibration device 12 is a cooling device 16 , which can optionally also be used simultaneously as a calibration device, which in this exemplary embodiment is formed from two cooling chambers 17 and 18 arranged one behind the other, through which the object to be cooled 7 is also passed through and thus represents a continuous route for this. However, it is of course also possible to form the cooling device 16 from a single cooling chamber in order to meet the necessary cooling requirements. This depends on the application and area of use of the cooling device 16 , the object 7 to be cooled and the space available.

In an area facing the calibration tool 15 of the calibration device 12, the cooling chamber 17 has an entry area 19 for the object 7 . Between the two cooling chambers 17 and 18 , a transition area 20 is arranged, which ensures a tight transition from the cooling chamber 17 into the cooling chamber 18 . At the end of the cooling chamber 18 in the extrusion direction - arrow 5 - seen, an exit region 21 for the object 7 is arranged towards the caterpillar take-off 6 . If, for example, only one of the cooling chambers 17 or 18 is arranged, the transition area 20 represents either an exit area or an entry area.

The emerging from the extrusion tool 3 , plasticized and correspondingly shaped Ge object 7 consists of a plastic 22 , which is stored in granular or powder form in a receptacle 23 of the extruder 2 and softened accordingly by means of one or more feed screws 24 in the extruder 2 or plasticized and then discharged from the extrusion die 3 . After emerging from the extrusion tool 3, this plastic plastic 22 has a cross-sectional shape predetermined by the extrusion tool 3 , which is correspondingly calibrated and / or cooled in the subsequent calibration device 12 until the viscous-plastic object 7 is superficially cooled until it is The outer shape is stable and the outer shape is of corresponding dimensions. Subsequent to the calibration device 12 , the object 7 passes through the cooling device 16 in order to achieve a further corresponding cooling and optionally calibration and to determine the final cross-sectional shape of the object 7 .

The cooling chamber 17 is divided into several sections or regions 25 to 30 arranged in the extrusion direction - arrow 5 - and the cooling chamber 18 is likewise divided into several sections or regions 31 to 36 arranged one behind the other in the extrusion direction - arrow 5 . The subdivision of the cooling chambers 17 and 18 into different areas is only indicated schematically, the number and / or the size relationships of the sections or areas 25 to 36 being only given as examples.

The two cooling chambers 17 and 18 are each formed by a preferably airtight housing 37 and 38 , with an end wall 39 for the entry area 19, an end wall 40 for the transition area 20 for the cooling chamber 17, and an end wall 41 for the cooling chamber 18, and the exit area 21 for the Cooling chamber 18 is assigned an end wall 42 .

This closed design of the cooling chamber 17 or 18 encloses or borders an interior space 43 or 44 . With a single continuous cooling device 16 , for example, only one of the cooling chambers 17 , 18 forms an interior 45 . The individual sections or regions 25 to 30 or 31 to 36 of the housing 37 and 38 are formed by support panels 46 to 50 or 51 to 55 arranged in the interior space 43 or 44 .

These individual support panels 46 to 55 are used to support or guide the object 7 passing through the cooling device 16 , in order to guide it accordingly during its further cooling or its heat removal. For this purpose, both the end walls 39 to 42 and the support panels 46 to 55 each have an opening 56 , which corresponds approximately to a profile contour 57 or an envelope surface of the object 7 to be cooled. The individual openings 56 protrude through the individual end walls 39 to 42 or support panels 46 to 55 and represent the outline shape or outer surface for the object 7 to be cooled, the individual outer dimensions of the individual openings taking into account the shrinkage when the object 7 is cooled while walking through the cooling device 16 in the extrusion direction - arrow 5 - are to be fixed accordingly. This depends on the cross-sectional shape of the object 7 to be produced and is to be selected on the basis of technical calculations or empirical values.

As further indicated schematically in this figure, a means, such as a cooling medium 58 , is introduced in each of the housings 37 and 38 of the cooling device 16 , which surrounds the object 7 passing through the cooling device 16 and thus contains the object 7 Extracts heat from the previous extrusion process. The cooling medium 58 can be in any physical state, such as, for. B. solid and / or liquid and / or gasför shaped, and is freely selectable depending on the desired course of cooling. Depending on the cooling medium used, the corresponding design of the cooling device 16 must then be coordinated.

Is such. B. shown here, a liquid cooling medium 58 , such as. B. water, this can be introduced, for example, in each of the housings 37 or 38 in a stationary form, that is to say without recirculating device or conveying device. However, it is also possible independently of one and / or each of the housings 37 and 38 to assign means such as, for example, their own circulating device or suction device 59 , in order to ensure a corresponding circulation of the cooling medium 58 in the individual housings 37 , 38 for to ensure this. So the suction device 59 z. B. include a cyclone 60 , a collection container 61 , a downstream of this feed pump 62 and a cooling device 63 . The arrangement of the cooling device 63 is selected only schematically and depends, for example, on the number of extruder systems in operation, it being possible, for example, to assign a central cooling device 63 to a plurality of extrusion systems 1 . The selection and arrangement of the cooling device 63 can he follow according to the known prior art. Furthermore, the inlet region 19 or the region 25 of the cooling chamber 17 is connected to the suction device 59 via a feed line 64 and the outlet region 21 or the region 36 via a discharge line 65 . As a result, the cooling medium 58 in each of the cooling chambers 17 , 18 can be set in a flow movement, with heat additionally being able to be extracted from the cooling devices 63 . However, each of the cooling chambers 17 , 18 can be assigned its own suction device 59 .

As further indicated schematically here, the discharge line 65 opens into the interior 44 of the cooling chamber 18 above the object of FIG. 7 or above a cooling medium mirror 66 shown in simplified form in the areas 35 and 36 . In addition to the derivation 65 , a further derivation 67 can open below the object 7 or below the cooling medium level 66 into the interior 44 of the cooling chamber 18 in the region 36 . Both leads 65 and 67 open in the cyclone 60 of the suction device 59 , whereby, if necessary, a separate suction from the cooling medium 58 takes place from the cooling device 16 . Due to the separate suction, a build-up of a uniform negative pressure is ensured in the individual regions 25 to 36 arranged one behind the other, the negative pressure starting from an inlet region 19 towards the outlet region 21 preferably being formed steadily increasing or increasing. The detailed description is given in the following figures. However, it is of course also possible to arrange only one of the two derivatives 65 , 67 . He generation of the negative pressure within the cooling device 16 , the implementation or by line of the cooling medium 58 through the interior 43 , 44 and the washing around the object 7 and the associated heat removal will be described in more detail in the following figures.

A display device 68 can be assigned to one or more of the areas 25 to 36 in order to check and read the negative pressure generated by the suction device 59 within the cooling device 16 . Furthermore, a wide variety of control devices can be arranged in the individual supply and discharge lines 64 , 65 , 67 in order to achieve a corresponding quantity metering for the cooling medium 58 , which have not been shown for the sake of clarity and can be freely selected according to the known prior art are.

A possible embodiment of the cooling device 16 is shown in FIGS. 2 to 5, only one of the two cooling chambers, namely the cooling chamber 17 , being selected here for the functional description. Of course, it is also possible to transfer the detailed description below to the cooling chamber 18 , or to combine the two cooling chambers 17 , 18 with one another. Furthermore, the same reference numerals are used for the same parts as in FIG. 1.

The housing 37 , through which the object 7 or the window profile is passed, further consists of a cover plate 69 , a base plate 70 , side walls 71 , 72 and the end walls 39 , 40 , which thus delimit or enclose the interior 43 . Furthermore, the interior 43 in the extrusion direction - arrow 5 - seen through the previously described NEN support panels 46 to 50 divided into the regions 25 to 30 arranged immediately one behind the other in its longitudinal extent. The support panels 46 to 50 can be formed in one or more parts, the part of the support panels in which the opening 56 for the object 7 is arranged preferably being made of a non-rusting material with preferably high abrasion resistance. As a result, deposits between the outer contour shape of the object 7 and the opening 56 are avoided during the cooling operation, as a result of which a perfect surface quality can be achieved.

Is z. B. a liquid cooling medium 58 , such as. B. water, this can in turn be circulated by its own circulating device or suction device 59 in the individual housings 37 , 38 . The suction device 59 z. B. the cyclone 60 , the collecting container 61 , the feed pump 62 arranged downstream of this and the cooling device 63 . The arrangement and dimensioning of the cooling device 63 is dependent on both the type and the number of extrusion systems 1 , it being possible, for example, to use a central cooling device 63 for several extrusion systems. Furthermore, the inlet region 19 or the region 25 of the cooling chamber 17 is connected to the suction device 59 via the inlet 64 and the outlet region 21 or the region 36 via the discharge line 65 or 67 . As a result, the cooling medium 58 in each of the cooling chambers 17 , 18 can be set in a flow movement, with heat additionally being able to be extracted from the cooling devices 63 . However, each of the cooling chambers 17 , 18 can be assigned its own suction device 59 .

The side walls 71 , 72 and the end walls 39 , 40 of the housing 37 form a support surface 73 for the cover plate 69 , wherein a sealing element can preferably be arranged between the support surface 73 and the surface of the cover plate 69 facing the interior 43 . The support surface 73 is arranged at a distance 74 from the surface of the base plate 70 , as a result of which the interior 43 is limited in its vertical extent. In this exemplary embodiment, the two side walls 71 , 72 are arranged in the region of the surface of the base plate 70 , the surfaces 43 facing the interior thereof being spaced apart from one another in a width 75 transverse to the direction of extrusion - arrow 5 .

The individual support panels 46 to 50 are inserted or inserted into recesses 76 , 77 of the side walls 71 , 72 , the thickness of the individual support panels 46 to 50 roughly corresponding to a width of the recesses 76 , 77 in the direction of extrusion - arrow 5 . The recesses 76 , 77 facing each other in the side walls 71 , 72 are at a distance from one another which is greater than a width of the individual support panels 46 to 50 , where floating bearing is achieved by means of a transverse direction to the direction of extrusion - arrow 5 - and thus an alignment of the opening 56 arranged in the support panels 46 to 50 between the individual support panels 46 to 50 to one another is possible. This self-alignment or self-centering in relation to the object passed through is effected by the latter. The individual support panels 46 to 50 can also be held in the housing 37 by any shape known from the prior art, for example by means of adhesive, sealing compounds, retaining strips, retaining lugs, slots, sealing profiles, grooves, etc.

The vertical alignment of the individual support panels 46 to 50 to each other takes place by the flat support of the individual support panels on the interior 43 of the housing 37 facing top of the base plate 70th

Furthermore, it is advantageous if the individual support panels 46 to 50, starting from the end wall 39 towards the further end wall 40, are spaced apart from one another at different distances 78 to 83 or to the end walls 39 , 40 . These distances 78 to 83 increase continuously in the extrusion direction - arrow 5 - seen from the end wall 39 in the direction of the end wall 40 . Thereby, the 12 passing therethrough from the extrusion die 3 and brier device by the potash and entering into the cooling device 16 the subject is better guided in its initially still doughy or zähplastischem state at shorter distances through the arrayed in the individual support diaphragms 46 to 50 apertures 56th However, it is also possible to select the individual distances 78 to 83 as desired in order to achieve the desired cooling on the one hand and the necessary support for the object 7 on the other.

Furthermore, it can be seen from the illustration, in particular from FIGS. 4 and 5, that an underside 84 of the object 7 or that of the base plate 70 facing side of the profile contour 57 at a distance 85 starting from the top of the base plate 70 in the direction of Deck plate 69 is arranged. Furthermore, a plane 86, indicated schematically by a dash-dotted line, runs parallel to the side walls 71 , 72 , that is to say in the direction of extrusion - arrow 5 - and is aligned vertically to the surfaces of the cover plate 69 or the base plate 70 facing the interior 43 and approximately centrally between the two side walls 71 , 72 arranged. This central arrangement takes place approximately in half the width 75 between the two side walls 71 , 72 . This plane 86 divides the interior 43 in the extrusion direction into a section 87 between the plane 86 and the side wall 71 and into a further section 88 between the plane 86 and the further side wall 72 .

As already described above , the negative pressure built up in the interior 43 increases slightly, preferably steadily, in the immediately successive regions 25 to 30 , as a result of which the object 7 is exposed to an increasing vacuum as it passes through the cooling device 16 . The build-up of the different vacuum, which is higher in the extrusion direction - arrow 5 - per area by 0.002 bar to 0.1 bar, preferably by 0.005 bar, can be continuously increasing. This steadily increasing vacuum build-up starting from the inlet area 19 to its outlet area 21 from the housing 37 is part of because the object 7 entering the cooling device 16 is not exposed to excessive vacuum in its initially doughy or viscous state, which means that be because of the still low vacuum, no change in shape of the object 7 is caused. Only after appropriate cooling and heat dissipation from the object 7 can the vacuum increase steadily in the successive regions towards the outlet region 21 , since due to the progressive heat removal from the object, the latter has a higher inherent rigidity. In order to achieve this vacuum build-up in the direction of extrusion, it is necessary to seal the housing 37 , 38 or the interior 43 , 44 enclosed by it from the external environment. Furthermore, a certain tightness between the individual regions 25 to 36 arranged one behind the other is necessary due to the support panels 46 to 55 inserted into the interior 43 , 44 . In order to achieve low drive powers of the suction device 59 , it is advantageous if this sealing is both liquid-tight and gas-tight, although certain leakage losses can occur. These leakage losses lead to an increase in the drive power of the suction device and to an increased cooling medium throughput through the interior 43 , 44 of the housing 37 , 38 .

As already described above, the supply line 64 opens into the first region 25 of the cooling chamber 17 in the section 87 , between the plane 86 and the side wall 71 , preferably below the object 7 in the interior 43 . Furthermore, in the area of the plane 86 in the base plate 70, at least one through-flow channel 89, which extends over a plurality of support diaphragms 46 to 50 arranged in series, is recessed in the bottom plate 70 on the surface facing the interior 43 . This flow channel 89 serves to pass on the cooling medium 58 between the individual regions 25 to 30 arranged one behind the other. This flow channel 89 has a flow cross section which is dimensioned such that on the one hand the object 7 passed through the cooling device 16 is correspondingly washed around by the cooling medium 58 and on the other hand an unimpeded further transport between the individual areas 25 to 30 is ensured.

In addition, in the extrusion direction - arrow 5 - in the plane 86 in the flow channel 89, a longitudinal web 90 extending between the two end walls 39 , 40 is arranged. This longitudinal web 90 has a thickness 91 transverse to the direction of extrusion, which is preferably very small, for example between 0.5 mm and 15.0 mm, preferably between 1.0 mm and 5.0 mm.

The entire flow channel 89 has, starting from the surface of the base plate 70 on the direction facing away from the cover plate 69, a depth 92 and transversely to the direction of extrusion, a width 93 , whereby an approximately U-shaped or rectangular or square cross-section with a certain cross-sectional area is set.

By inserting the longitudinal web 90 described above into the flow channel 89 , the latter is divided into individual flow channels 94 , 95 arranged on both sides of the plane 86. With each of the individual flow channels 94 , 95 has a cross-sectional area corresponding to approximately half the cross-sectional area of the flow channel 89 . This longitudinal web 90 extends from a bottom surface 96 of the flow channel 89 to close to the Untersei te 84 of the object 7 , whereby a gap 98 is formed between an upper side 97 of the longitudinal web 90 and the underside 84 of the object 7 facing this, which gap 99 has, which is between 0.5 mm and 5.0 mm, preferably 2.0 mm. Since a certain flow connection between the two sections 87 and 88 is ensured in the region of the underside 84 of the object 7 . This cooling medium flow, as shown by an arrow 100 in FIG. 5, is now sufficient to also cool the underside 84 facing the longitudinal web 90 accordingly. Another part of this arrangement before is that with a constant height of the longitudinal web 90 arranged in the individual support panels 46 to 50 and this penetrating opening 56 with its lowermost surface, that is to say the one closest to the base plate 70 , always approximately the same distance 85 from the base plate 70 . The cooling effect desired there can be easily controlled by varying the gap width 99 of the gap 98 . Due to the vertical alignment of the opening 56 in relation to the base plate 70 , only an exchange of the individual support panels 46 to 50 is necessary when the profile contour 57 of the object 7 is changed, as a result of which very little changeover effort is incurred when changing.

In order to be able to implement the vacuum build-up described above within the housing 37 , the end wall 39 has an inflow opening 101 above the coolant level 66 , through which ambient air is sucked in due to the suction through the discharge lines 65 , 67 . This inflow opening 101 can also be arranged either in the side walls 71 , 72 or in the cover plate 69 . In order to be able to effect a corresponding throttle or to set the desired vacuum, appropriate throttling or regulating devices can be arranged upstream of the inflow opening 101 . Furthermore, the individual regions 25 to 30 are in flow connection via openings 102 arranged in the support panels 46 to 50 above the object 7 or above the cooling medium level 66 . In the embodiment shown here - arrow 5 - these openings 102 have an approximately rectangular cross section with a width 103 and a height 104 when viewed in the extrusion direction, and penetrate the support panels 46 to 50 in the extrusion direction. These openings 102 are each arranged in the upper region of the individual support diaphragms 46 to 50 and approximately centrally between the side walls 71 to 72 in the region of the plane 86. However, it is of course also possible to arrange the openings 102 laterally with respect to the plane 86 or with respect to the opening 56 and in the direction parallel to the bottom plate 70, however, perpendicular to the extrusion direction or alternately to one another, as is shown in FIG Line is indicated.

A lower edge 105 of the individual openings 102 is spaced at a distance 106 from an upper side 107 of the object 7 in the vertical direction to the base plate 70 . This results in a spatial separation during the passage of the cooling medium 58 and the amount of air required for the vacuum build-up between the individual regions 25 to 30 arranged one behind the other in the region of the support panels 46 to 50 .

The cooling medium throughput through the cooling device 16 is preferably carried out in a closed circuit, the cooling medium 58 being fed to the first region 25 in section 87 after passing through the suction device 59 via the feed line 64 . Due to the arrangement of the longitudinal web 90 below the object 7 , the first region 25 is divided into a chamber 108 arranged in section 87 and a rinsing chamber 109 arranged in section 88 . Furthermore, a guide device 110 is arranged in the flow channel 94 in the region of the first support aperture 46 , which at least partially or possibly completely closes the flow cross-section of the flow channel 94 . As a result, a further flow of the cooling medium 58 from the area 25 into the immediately following area 26 in the section 87 is at least partially or completely prevented. As a result, the cooling medium 58 rises, as is shown schematically in the figure by arrows, and is additionally favored by the negative pressure prevailing in the interior 43 over the upper side 107 of the object 7 and thus flows around the object 7 in the direction of the washing chamber 109 its longitudinal extension. Due to the open flow connection for the cooling medium 58 between the region 25 and the region 26 following this in the section 88 , this flows through the flow channel 95 into the chamber 108 of the subsequent region 26 in the section 88 . This flow is additionally accelerated or promoted by the vacuum prevailing in area 26 .

As can now be seen from FIG. 5, the flow channel 95 in the section 88 between the area 26 and the area 27 immediately following this is in turn at least partially or completely closed by the guide device 110 , which in turn causes a restricted flow or a complete shut-off the same is done. The Kühlme medium 58 in turn flows, as indicated schematically by arrows, rising in the chamber 108 of the section 88 upwards along the object 7 and overflows it in the region of its upper side 107 into the rinsing chamber 109 arranged in the same region 26 in the section 87 . This alternate overflow or flow from one area to the immediately following area now takes place in the subsequent areas accordingly.

The at each of the individual support panels 46 to 50 offset arrangement of the individual Leitein devices 110 is best seen in Fig. 3, wherein each of the flow channel 94 or 95 located in the other section 87 or 88 inlet and outlet openings 111 , 112 with each other connects. As already described above, the individual guide devices 110 close at least partially a part of the cross-sectional area of the flow channel 89 , 94 , 95 in the direction perpendicular to the direction of extrusion - arrow 5 . Furthermore, the Leiteinrich device 110, starting from the bottom surface 96 in the direction of an end edge 113 of the support panels 46 to 50 , which comes to rest on the upper side of the bottom plate 70 facing the interior 43 , has an arcuate, preferably concave, cross-sectional shape, as is the case on can best be seen from FIG. 2. Furthermore, a height of the guide device 110, starting from the bottom surface 96 , to which a support surface 114 of the guide device 110 faces, increases continuously from edge regions arranged on both sides of the support screens 46 to 50 to the support screens 46 to 50 . This arcuate or concave longitudinal profile on each of the two sides of the support panels 46 to 50 causes a corresponding circular movement when the cooling medium 58 passes from the rinsing chamber 109 into the immediately following chamber 108 , as is indicated by arrows between the regions 25 and 26 or 29 and 30 is shown. It is thereby generated at the surface to be cooled item of the 7 turbulence and associated turbulent flow thereby ensuring a massive coolant exchange on the surface of the article 7, where it is further enhanced by the heat transfer and therefore the cooling effect. Furthermore, due to the arrangement of the individual flow channels 94 , 95 near the plane 86, in which a means of the opening 56 for the profile contour 57 is also preferably arranged, there is a frequent exchange of cooling medium, in particular on the underside 84 of the object 7 . In addition, this cooling medium exchange is further improved by the higher flow rate of the cooling medium 58 when flowing through the flow openings in the individual through-flow channels 89 , 94 , 95 between the individual regions 25 to 30 . This effect is further enhanced by the previously described circular movement of the cooling medium 58 , since this runs in the opposite direction to the direction of extrusion - arrow 5 - due to the formation of the guide devices 110 .

Furthermore, it is advantageous if the flow channels 89 , 94 , 95 are arranged in a covering area with the profile contour 57 viewed in the direction of extrusion. It has proven to be advantageous if an outer profile dimension 115 in a plane running perpendicular to the direction of extrusion and perpendicular to the side walls 71 , 72 is at least equal to or greater than the width 93 of the flow channel 89 , or the sum of the widths of the flow channels 94 , 95 is on the same level. This ensures that after the passage of the cooling medium 58 from an area to the immediately following area of the object 7 , starting from its underside 84 , then in the area of its Seitenwän de, the top 107 and then the side walls in the other section in intimate Be brought into contact with the cooling medium 58 . However, it is of course also possible to design the individual flow channels 94 , 95 to be the same width or larger than the largest profile dimension 115 of the object 7 , this depending on the profile to be produced.

The transport of the cooling medium 58 , starting from the inlet area 19 to the Austrittsbe area 21 , takes place within the housing 37 by the continuously increasing vacuum in the direction of extrusion, which is caused by the central suction of the interior 43 through the Absaugvor device 59 . The structure and the level of the negative pressure can be preset or determined by the choice of the size of the inflow opening 101 and the openings 102 arranged between the individual regions 25 to 30 . In normal operation, the individual openings 102 serve to build up the vacuum in the individual areas 25 to 30 and are traversed by air which is sucked through. If, as is indicated schematically in area 27 in FIG. 2, a jam of the cooling medium 58 rises, the Coolant level 66 up to the area of the opening 102 and partially closes it, resulting in a reduction in cross-section thereof. Due to this reduction in cross-section, the vacuum to be built up in the subsequent areas 28 to 30 rises even higher, which leads to an increased suction of the cooling medium 58 through the flow channels 94 , 95 and possibly through the opening 102 and in this way the cooling medium level 66 is again lowered to its normal level. As a result of this drop, the full cross section of the opening 102 is again available for the air flowing through, as a result of which the predetermined vacuum build-up in the individual regions 25 to 30 in turn corresponds to the desired operating state.

The arrangement of the through-flow channels 89 , 94 , 95 running in the extrusion direction forms a through-flow opening 116 in the area of each of the support panels 46 to 50 , which is delimited by the base plate 70 , the end edge 113 of the support panels 46 to 50 and, if appropriate, by the longitudinal web 90 is. This ensures that the individual throughflow openings 116 are aligned with one another in the extrusion direction. Furthermore, these throughflow openings 116 have the same throughflow cross section with respect to one another.

Due to the previously described offset arrangement of the guide devices 110 in the area of the individual support panels 46 to 50 in one of the flow channels 94 , 95 , the flow cross section of the flow opening 116 is reduced and, if appropriate, completely closed. It has proven to be advantageous if, in the area of a support orifice 46 to 50, in addition to the throughflow opening 116 , at least one further throughflow opening 117 is also arranged in the area of the guide device 110 , in order also in this area to have a flow connection between the individual areas 25 to 12 arranged directly one behind the other 30 to ensure.

The arrangement of the through-flow opening 117 can be selected differently due to the smaller through-flow cross-section compared to the through-flow opening 116 , but in alignment one behind the other.

In Figs. 4 and 5 are respectively shown by the flow orifice 117 to the guide 110 different possibilities for the assembly. For example, in FIG. 4 the throughflow opening 117 is arranged between an end edge 113 of the support panel 46 facing the throughflow channel 94 and an upper side 118 of the guide device 110 lying opposite it. Irrespective of this or in addition to this, it is also possible that the flow opening 117 passes through the guide device 110 in the extrusion direction - arrow 5 - or in the longitudinal direction of the flow channel 94 , 95 . Furthermore, it is also possible, independently or in addition, that the throughflow opening 117 , as shown in FIG. 5, is arranged between the bottom surface 96 and the support surface 114 of the guide device 110 in the throughflow duct 95 . Practical tests have shown that the flow cross-section of the smaller flow opening 117 compared to the larger flow opening 116 is favorable if it is between 0.5% and 30% of the larger flow cross-section of the flow opening 116 .

Due to the staggered arrangement of the guide devices 110 in the area of the individual support panels 46 to 50 arranged one behind the other, the through-flow openings 116 , 117 in the area of immediately successive support panels 46 to 50 are also set in relation to one another, but in the area of every second support panel in turn the individual ones Flow openings 116 , 117 are arranged in alignment with one another.

Due to the different arrangement of the flow openings 117 , in particular the arrangement between the support surface 114 of the guide device 110 and the bottom surface 96 of the flow channel 94 , 95 , an additional acceleration of the cooling medium 58 occurs during the passage due to the smaller cross-sectional dimension of the flow opening 117 , whereby, as is schematically indicated in FIG. 2 between the areas 28 and 29 , the cooling medium passage in the area of the flow opening 116 at the support aperture 50 is favored or improved. The impact of the additional quantity of cooling medium passing through the flow opening 117 in the edge region of the cooling medium 58 conveyed between the regions 29 and 30 gives rise to a kind of Venturi effect, which additionally causes a turbulent flow or an additional swirling of the cooling medium 58 . Of course, the flow openings 117 can have a wide variety of cross-sectional shapes, such as. B. round, square, rectangular, oval, triangular, etc., the choice of cross-section and the definition of the size ratio to the flow opening 116 depending on the cooling and application is freely selectable.

FIG. 6 shows a further possible and possibly independent embodiment of the cooling device 16 , the same reference numerals as in FIGS. 1 to 5 being used for the same parts. In order to avoid unnecessary repetitions, reference is made to the description in the previous figures for the special arrangement and design of individual components.

The cooling device 16 , of which only the housing 37 with its bottom plate 70 , the cover plate 69 and the side walls 71 , 72 is shown, bounded by the end walls 39 , 40 , not shown, the interior 43 . The arrangement of the individual areas 25 to 30 and the separation by the support panels 46 to 50 can take place as described in FIGS . 1 to 5. Furthermore, the breakthrough 56 is provided with the counterpart adapted to the stand 7 profile contour 57 and the opening 102 in the support diaphragms 46 to 50. In the area of the plane 86 is in turn arranged between the base plate 70 and the object 7 of the longitudinal web 90 , which additionally divides each area into the chamber 108 and rinsing chamber 109 . To connect the individual regions 25 to 30 arranged one behind the other, at least two through-flow openings 116 , 117 are arranged in each of the individual support panels 46 to 50 , their cross-sectional dimensions or flow cross-section for each support panel 46 to 50 being different from one another.

In the embodiment shown here, the through-flow openings 116 , 117 are arranged in the area between the support panel 46 and the base plate 70 , although it is of course also possible to align them in the area between the support panel 46 to 50 and the side walls 71 , 72 to be arranged in the extrusion direction, as is indicated in dash-dotted lines on the side wall 72 . Irrespective of this, however, it is also possible to arrange the throughflow openings 116 , 117 also in the peripheral regions adjacent to the support panels 46 to 50 , such as, for example, in the side walls 71 , 72 and / or the base plate 70 , as is shown in dash-dotted lines in the side wall 71 is indicated. It should be mentioned here that the cross-sectional shape of the flow openings 117 have only been shown by way of example and, of course, the most varied of cross-sections can be used. It has proven to be advantageous if the throughflow opening 117 is arranged in the area between the bottom surface 96 of the throughflow duct 94 , 95 and the contact surface 114 of the guide device 110 . The throughflow opening 117 can extend, for example, almost over the full width of the throughflow duct 94 , 95 and can have a relatively small height vertically to the bottom surface 96 .

By this arrangement of the flow opening 117 near the bottom, as is shown in FIG. 2 between the regions 28 and 29 , both the cooling medium 58 after the flow through the flow opening 116 in the region of the support panel 48 and in the transition region between the two regions 29 and 30 in the support panel 50 in an additional circular movement, as indicated schematically by arrows. Due to the smaller cross-section of the flow opening 117 occurs in the extrusion direction hen before and after the guide device 110 an additional swirling and amplification of the circular movement occurs.

As can now be seen from the representation of the area 25 , the smaller throughflow opening 117 is arranged in the section 87 between the plane 86 and the side wall 71 in the support panel 46 and in section 88 between the plane 86 and the side wall 72 the larger throughflow opening 116 is arranged . Due to the different passage cross sections or flow cross sections, part of the cooling medium 58 already passes in section 87 through the flow opening 117 into the immediately adjacent region 26 , the larger part of the cooling medium 58 causing the object 7 due to the arrangement of the longitudinal web 90 transversely to the direction of extrusion washed around and in section 88 also passes through the flow opening 116 into the immediately downstream area 26 .

Between the region 26 and the region directly downstream of these 27 is cut in from 88, the smaller flow opening 117, and the section 87, the larger flow passage opening 116 is arranged, which in turn a corresponding transverse flow of Kühlme diums 58 relative to the object 7 is achieved.

Of course, the flow openings 116 , 117 shown here can have any cross-sectional shape and are not bound to the roughly rectangular or square design here.

Through the arrangement possibilities of the flow openings 116 , 117 described above in FIGS . 1 to 6 to each other, it is achieved that a larger amount of cooling medium between 70% and 98% from one section to the other section, but in the same area 25 to 30 the object 7 transversely to its longitudinal extent, in particular in the area of its upper side 107, and a smaller amount of cooling medium between 2% and 30% is passed through the smaller throughflow opening 117 into the immediately subsequent area 26 to 30 . Through the interaction or the arrangement of the longitudinal web 90 with the flow channels 94 , 95 and the mutually longitudinally offset Leitein devices 110 , the previously described, alternating flow around the object or the flow through the smaller flow openings 117 is achieved.

Finally, for the sake of order, it should be pointed out that individual figures in the drawings Components or assemblies for a better understanding of the invention disproportionately as well have been shown distorted to scale.

Above all, the individual in FIGS. 1; 2 to 5; 6 versions shown form the subject of independent, inventive solutions. The relevant tasks and solutions according to the invention can be found in the detailed descriptions of these figures.

Reference list

1

Extrusion line

2nd

Extruder

3rd

Extrusion tool

4th

Calibration table

5

arrow

6

Caterpillar take-off

7

object

8th

Footprint

9

Roller

10th

Track

11

Traversing drive

12th

Calibration device

13

Calibration tool

14

Calibration tool

15

Calibration tool

16

Cooling device

17th

Cooling chamber

18th

Cooling chamber

19th

Entrance area

20th

Transition area

21

Exit area

22

plastic

23

Receptacle

24th

Auger

25th

Area

26

Area

27

Area

28

Area

29

Area

30th

Area

31

Area

32

Area

33

Area

34

Area

35

Area

36

Area

37

casing

38

casing

39

Front wall

40

Front wall

41

Front wall

42

Front wall

43

inner space

44

inner space

45

inner space

46

Support panel

47

Support panel

48

Support panel

49

Support panel

50

Support panel

51

Support panel

52

Support panel

53

Support panel

54

Support panel

55

Support panel

56

breakthrough

57

Profile contour

58

Cooling medium

59

Suction device

60

cyclone

61

Collection container

62

Feed pump

63

Cooler

64

Supply

65

Derivative

66

Coolant level

67

Derivative

68

Display device

69

Cover plate

70

Base plate

71

Side wall

72

Side wall

73

Contact surface

74

distance

75

width

76

Recess

77

Recess

78

distance

79

distance

80

distance

81

distance

82

distance

83

distance

84

bottom

85

distance

86

level

87

section

88

section

89

Flow channel

90

Longitudinal web

91

thickness

92

depth

93

width

94

Flow channel

95

Flow channel

96

Floor area

97

Top

98

gap

99

Gap width

100

arrow

101

Inflow opening

102

opening

103

width

104

height

105

Lower edge

106

distance

107

Top

108

chamber

109

Rinsing chamber

110

Control device

111

Inlet opening

112

Outlet opening

113

Front edge

114

Contact surface

115

Profile dimensions

116

Flow opening

117

Flow opening

118

Top

Claims (20)

1.Cooling device and optionally calibration device with a housing through its interior, starting from an entry area to an exit area, an extruded object made of plastic, in particular window profile, can be passed through and the interior is divided by support panels into several areas arranged one behind the other, and end walls of the Housing and the support panels have a breakthrough adapted to a profile contour of the extruded object and with inlet and / or outlet openings or slots for connecting the areas which are arranged at least below a cooling medium level of a cooling medium, characterized in that arranged one behind the other in the extrusion direction Areas ( 25 to 36 ) in the support panels ( 46 to 55 ) or the circumferential areas adjacent to them each have at least two flow openings ( 116 , 117 ) and the flow openings Openings ( 116 , 117 ) in the area of one of the support panels ( 46 to 55 ) or its adjacent peripheral area zueinan have a different flow cross-section and the flow openings ( 116 , 117 ) are arranged one behind the other in the extrusion direction. 2. Cooling device according to claim 1, characterized in that the flow openings ( 116 , 117 ) arranged one behind the other in the direction of extrusion for the cooling medium ( 58 ) in the area of immediately successive supporting orifices ( 46 to 55 ) have different flow cross-sections. 3. Cooling device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the flow cross-section of the smaller flow opening ( 117 ) is between 0.5% and 30% of the flow cross-section of the larger flow opening ( 116 ) in the region of a support aperture ( 46 to 55 ). 4. Cooling device according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one of the flow openings ( 116 , 117 ) in the region between a bottom plate ( 70 ) facing end edge ( 113 ) of the support panel ( 46 to 55 ) and the bottom plate ( 70 ) is arranged. 5. Cooling device according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that in the base plate ( 70 ) in the extrusion direction at least one through a plurality of support panels ( 46 to 55 ) divided areas ( 25 to 36 ) continuous flow channel ( 89 , 94 , 95 ) is arranged with an approximately U-shaped cross section. 6. Cooling device according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that in the flow channel ( 89 , 94 , 95 ) a parallel to this and perpendicular to an interior ( 43 , 44 , 45 ) facing surface of the base plate ( 70 ) aligned ter Longitudinal web ( 90 ) is arranged. 7. Cooling device according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that a top ( 97 ) facing the object ( 7 ) of the longitudinal web ( 90 ) by a gap width ( 99 ) between 0.5 mm and 5.0 mm, preferably 2nd , 0 mm, from a Untersei te ( 84 ) of the object ( 7 ) is arranged spaced. 8. Cooling device according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the longitudinal web ( 90 ) each of the individual successively arranged areas che ( 25 to 36 ) in one between this and a side wall ( 71 ) and another between this and the other side wall (72) disposed portion (87, 88) is divided, and the one behind the other in the extrusion direction arranged portions (87, 88) by means of through-flow openings (116, 117) are connected together and the immediately aufein other following flow openings (116, 117) of a portion ( 87 , 88 ) have a different flow cross-section. 9. Cooling device according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that in the region of two support panels ( 46 to 55 ), between which a white support panel ( 46 to 55 ) is arranged, one in one of the flow channels ( 94 , 95 ) Part of the cross-sectional area of the flow channel ( 94 , 95 ) is arranged perpendicular to the extrusion direction covering device ( 110 ). 10. Cooling device according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the flow opening ( 116 , 117 ) in the region of the support panel ( 46 to 55 ) between the guide device ( 110 ) and the flow channel ( 94 , 95 ) in the region between the guide device ( 110 ) and a bottom surface ( 96 ) of the flow channel ( 89 , 94 , 95 ) is arranged. 11. Cooling device according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the flow opening ( 116 , 117 ) passes through the guide device ( 110 ) in the extrusion direction or in the longitudinal direction of the flow channel ( 89 , 94 , 95 ). 12. Cooling device according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the flow opening ( 116 , 117 ) between the flow channel ( 94 , 95 ) facing end edge ( 113 ) of a support panel ( 46 to 55 ) and one of these opposite the top ( 118 ) of the guide device ( 110 ) is arranged. 13. A method for cooling and optionally calibrating elongated, in particular continuously extruded plastic articles in which the article during its movement, starting from an entry area towards an exit area, in Longitudinal direction in successive areas to one compared to the initial temperature lower final temperature is cooled, in which the heat to be extracted for cooling is discharged via a cooling medium washing around the object, characterized in that that the individual successive areas in the transport direction of the object un are in fluid communication with each other and in each of the individual areas of the counter stood across with a coolant volume between 70% and 98% of the respective area is washed around its longitudinal extent and a further amount of cooling medium between 2% and 30% alternating between the immediately successive areas only on one of the two sides of the object in the immediately following area is passed, the forwarding of the smaller amount of cooling medium between the Areas on the other side of the transfer of the larger cooling medium ge is done. 14. The method according to claim 13, characterized in that each of the individual behind mutually arranged areas seen in the extrusion direction in both sides of the object arranged sections is divided and the larger amount of cooling medium between each parts of an area washed around the object in the area of its top. 15. The method according to claim 13 or 14, characterized in that the object in its longitudinal direction between the entry area and the exit area in the immediate bar successive areas is exposed to a different vacuum. 16. The method according to one or more of claims 13 to 15, characterized in net that the vacuum between the immediately successive areas by 0.002 bar and 0.1 bar, preferably by 0.005 bar, increases. 17. The method according to one or more of claims 13 to 16, characterized in net that the increase in the vacuum in each immediately successive Areas, starting from the entry area to the exit area, increasing steadily. 18. The method according to one or more of claims 13 to 17, characterized in  net that the direction of flow of the cooling medium in each subsequent, opposite the previous, more evacuated area is different, preferably opposite. 19. The method according to one or more of claims 13 to 18, characterized in net that the air to be sucked up to build up the vacuum in the immediately adjacent following areas parallel to that between the individual one after the other the areas to be passed cooling medium, but is spatially separated. 20. The method according to one or more of claims 13 to 19, characterized in net that the cooling medium from the entry area to the exit area through the increasing vacuum is moved on.