DE19740204A1 - Motor-operated throttle for internal-combustion engine - Google Patents

Abstract

An adjusting mechanism is provided for the fully-shut position of the throttle butterfly (24), while a second mechanism maintains the latter in a wider-open position while no current is supplied to the motor (12). A component (42) of the latter mechanism turns on the butterfly spindle (18), and is forced by a first device (4) in the shutting direction, engaging with a component (3) fixed to the spindle. A stop (6) prevents the component (42) turning in the shutting direction beyond the initial-opening position. A second device (5) generates an opening force at the fully-shut position of the butterfly, holding it in the initial-opening position. Beyond the latter position, the component (42) is turned with the spindle, which supports it.

Description

The present invention relates to a throttle device device for internal combustion engines that have an opening degree control tion for an electrically operated throttle valve of the Internal combustion engine can run, and in particular a such throttle device for internal combustion engines, the has a mechanism that determines the initial degree of opening the throttle valve larger than that of the fully ge closed position corresponding degree of opening turns when the key switch is opened.

In conventional devices for controlling an elec trically operated throttle valve, in which the throttle flap of an internal combustion engine by an electric one Actuator is driven and controlled proposed the opening degree of the Dros selklappe (in the following also as "Throttle valve opening degree" is called),  when the key switch is opened, d. H. when connected to the engine of the throttle valve actuator no electricity is supplied to set a value which is larger than that of the fully closed position corresponding degree of opening is that of an opening degrees for normal idle operation at the end of warming up corresponds to operations.

One of the reasons why the opening degree is so is set, that an air mass flow, the one for the combustion process during warming up drive the internal combustion engine in a cold climate is necessary, must be ensured. Furthermore, control in the manner during idle operation executed that the degree of opening of the throttle valve depend gig of the progress of the heating operation starting from Initial degree of opening gradually to those of full constantly closed position, which is an opening for the corresponds to normal idle operation, is reduced.

Other reasons why the opening degree is so firm is to ensure a mechanical Coupling of the accelerator pedal with the throttle valve, one Emergency operation with faulty throttle valve control system allows ensuring a predetermined Air mass flow to prevent possible stalling of the engine as well as preventing sticking of the Throttle valve on the inner wall of the throttle body for example due to adhesive material or ice particles, contained in the air.

For example, it is known from JP 2-500677-A a return spring that acts as a first positive device  serves that forces a throttle valve in the closing direction, as well as using a resistance spring as the second Forced establishment or as for the determination of the To spring used that serves the Throttle valve against the force of the return spring Forcing direction forces, the spring force of the contra standing spring corresponding to the opening degree Throttle valve position greater than the spring force of the Return spring is set and being during opening the ignition key switch a free end of the counter spring by a stop on the opening position of the throttle valve is stopped by the throttle opening degree maintain.

Furthermore, JP 3-271528-A describes a structure knows, in the case of a sleeve that serves both as a supporting element as well as one of the constitutive elements of a Relief lever is used on a projection on a Side of a throttle body is attached to the one end of a throttle shaft is supported, so an uninhibited movement in the direction of rotation of the throttle valve to enable the pen shaft, the relief lever by a return spring that acts as a first positive device serves, forced in the closing direction of the throttle valve and and a throttle on the throttle valve shaft flap lever is attached. The relief lever arrives then by the spring force of the return spring with the Throttle lever engaged; if no to the engine Electricity is supplied, the throttle valve is due to the Engagement of the relief lever with the throttle valve bel and due to the spring force of the return spring up to moves a predetermined position in which the degree of opening  the throttle valve larger than that of the complete closed position, and there by a stop element held; in this predetermined position the throttle valve lever in the opening direction of the throttle flap forced, which is why a second forced device ver is applied, the throttle valve opening degree maintained.

Furthermore, JP 4-203219-A describes a structure knows, at one end of a throttle valve shaft a lever is attached to cut it, one return spring serving as the first positive device one end of the lever in the closing direction of the throttle valve exerts a coercive force and a second coercive device to the other end of the lever in the area of completely closed position of the throttle valve a constraining force exercises in the opening direction, the constraining force of second force greater than the force of the first forced device is set when the throttle damper opening degree smaller than a given opening efficiency, d. H. smaller than the beginning of the throttle valve degree of opening, is thereby the throttle valve start maintain degree of opening.

In these conventional examples, controls of the Throttle valve opening degrees through drive controls of the actuators' motors based on Control signals executed by the control systems to be delivered. When the throttle valve opening degree is up a value below the throttle opening degree is to be reduced, the throttle valve mo gate driven to the throttle against the vorbe load force of the second positive device in closing  to move direction.

With these types of initial opening degree adjustment mecha nisms such as are known from JP 3-271528-A, is because the relief lever that is connected to the relief engaged throttle lever, the first and second compulsory device and the An Impact device at one end of the throttle valve shaft are arranged, a compact arrangement of these parts reached. In this known structure, however, there is one Element of the relief lever forming and as Tragele ment serving sleeve on the side wall of the Dros protrusion formed on the valve body, which is why the sleeve when it rotates the throttle valve penwelle during control of the throttle valve efficiency follows to the outer periphery of the projection slides, with a between the sleeve and the projection Frictional force is generated, which reduces as much as possible must be decorated, as this frictional force for the back spring and acts as a load for the motor drive.

If in connection with the compact arrangement of the Parts of the throttle valve opening degree setting mechanism is a so-called emergency operation mechanism is provided, in the event of a malfunction of scarf lines and / or actuators of the throttle valves control unit of an electrically controlled throttle valve pen system or an electric throttle valve control systems enables mechanical actuation by mechanically couples the accelerator pedal to the throttle valve, is also a compact arrangement of the parts of the emergency run drive mechanism desirable.  

Because in this emergency operation mechanism, the throttle valve pen shaft during a trouble-free and stationary Driving operation driven and controlled by a motor the accelerator pedal lever for the mechanical Control with the throttle lever, which with the Dros the selector valve shaft is directly connected, never in contact, when the accelerator pedal is depressed. During one Traction control such as a control to prevent However, the drive wheels will spin Throttle lever suddenly relative to the accelerator pedal lever deferred, with the result that the throttle valve engages with the accelerator pedal lever, whereby a rebound is generated on the accelerator pedal lever exerts a restoring force, which is one of the problems to be solved Has been problems.

Furthermore, a first throttle shaft torque T1, which is generated by the return spring, which as first positive device is used, which the throttle valve in Closing direction forces, and another throttle shaft torque T2 by the for fixing of the initial degree of opening used and second Forcing device serving spring that the throttle valve forces in the opening direction, is generated, in general dimensioned so that the following two inequalities are satisfied to a predetermined range in the position of the throttle valve opening degree:

T1 <Mf · Ge + Vf
T2 <Mf · Ge + Vf

where Mf is the friction torque with the engine stopped , Ge is the reduction ratio and Vf is the Torque is that applied to the throttle valve shaft  must be to open the throttle valve.

From JP 2-500677-A and from JP 4-203219-A known that below a predetermined throttle degrees of opening in the area of fully closed Position of the throttle valve the relationship T1 <T2 applies. On the other hand, JP 3-271528-A discloses a Allow relationship T1 T2 because the spring force of the as first positive device serving return spring from the Anchor device for the initial degree of opening included men and the throttle valve shaft torque T2 in the position of the throttle valve opening degree without Limitation by throttle shaft torque T1 can be adjusted. In any case, the first and the second coercion based on the two dimensioned above inequalities.

Since T1 is a shaft torque that the throttle valve in Closing direction forces the following as positive Direction is assumed, and since T2 is a shaft torque is that forces the throttle valve in the opening direction, which is assumed to be a negative direction in the following, becomes a shaft torque as explained above level difference T1 - (-T2) between the throttle valve Penshaft torques of the first and the second Forced device generated, located at the reference point of the Suddenly change throttle valve opening degree. There the control of the throttle valve opening degree all the more is more difficult, the larger the shaft torque levels difference is the shaft torque step difference preferably made minimal to the accuracy of the To increase throttle control.

The invention has for its object a throttle device of the type described above, at the one to a throttle valve opening opening degree adjusting mechanism belonging parts and if necessary the to other mechanisms including an emergency run Parts of the drive mechanism are arranged compactly are.

This object is achieved by a Throttle device for internal combustion engines, which the in has the features specified in the independent claims. The dependent claims are on expedient execution tion forms of the invention.

By increasing rationalization in relation to the Attaching the throttle valve opening degree-on actuator mechanism can have several advantages such as the Reduction of frictional forces inherent in the mechanisms and improving the properties of compulsion directions, for example an improvement in the spring properties such as the return spring conventional devices can be obtained, whereby the Drive load for a throttle valve actuator is reduced, the throttle valve control operation stabili is improved and assembly work of the parts and be simplified.

A throttle device for internal combustion engines according to a first aspect of the invention is provided with a Engine that acts as an actuator in a throttle flap control system is used, a setting mechanism for the completely closed position of a Throttle valve, and an initial opening degree setting  mechanism, which is an initial opening degree of the throttle flap, which is larger than that of the fully ge is in the closed position when attached to the motor no electricity is supplied, the initial opening degree-on adjusting mechanism a fitting element that is attached to a throttle valve shaft for the throttle valve rotatably attached is a first positive device, which the fitting element in Closing direction of the throttle valve forces an engagement device attached to the throttle valve shaft and with the fitting element about the force of the first constraint device can engage, a stop, which prevents the fitting element from over the beginning Degree of opening of the throttle valve corresponding position is turned in the closing direction, as well as a second Compulsory device included in the field of complete closed position for the throttle valve an opening generated the initial opening degree of the Dros Selklappe to keep, and the fitting element in one loading drive range beyond the opening degree of the Throttle valve normally together with the throttle valve shaft rotated and carried by the throttle valve shaft becomes.

In the above construction according to claim 1 is in one State in which the ignition key switch is open, d. H. in which there is no current to the throttle valve motor is delivered to the throttle valve shaft via the Fitting element and the engaging element on the throttle valve shaft are attached, one of the first constraint exerted closing force exerted, the Fit at the position that matches the throttle valve corresponds to the opening degree by the stop device tion is stopped. Furthermore, by exercising  Throttle valve opening force of the second positive device on the throttle valve shaft, the throttle valve in the Initial opening degree held the corresponding position corresponds to an opening degree larger than that fully closed position.

If the opening degree of the throttle valve is in the upper range half the throttle valve opening degree by the engine is controlled, the fitting element is usually together men with the throttle valve shaft under the condition operated that the fitting element from the throttle valve shaft is held so that between the throttle valve shaft and generates essentially no friction with the fitting element becomes. For this reason, a spring loading force of first compulsory device are limited with the result nis that a required throttle shaft torque ment T1 can be reduced and thus the drive load of the engine can be reduced. Furthermore, the Shaft torque step difference T1 - (-T2) between the two throttle shaft torques that over the Reference position of the throttle valve opening degree generated is also reduced, so that the stability of the throttle valve drive control ver is improved.

A throttle device for internal combustion engines according to a second aspect of the invention is provided with a Engine that drives a throttle valve shaft to one Opening and closing control of a throttle valve from too lead to an adjustment mechanism for the completely closed position of the throttle valve, and an on opening degree setting mechanism, which is a start Throttle valve opening degree, larger than that  is in the fully closed position, if no power is supplied to the motor, the on opening degree adjustment mechanism a throttle valve pen levers, a reset lever, a first compulsory device tion, a second positive device, a first sleeve and includes a second sleeve and the throttle lever and the first sleeve on one end of the throttle shaft pushed on and attached to it by the axial clamping force Are attached, the second sleeve being a is formed in part with the reset lever in which he ste sleeve is fitted so that relative rotation between the sleeves is possible, and through the first Forcing in the closing direction of the throttle valve in the position corresponding to the initial degree of opening is forced, the reset lever by the constraint brought into engagement with the throttle valve force is and being to the throttle valve shaft by the second force exerted an opening force is the initial opening degree of the throttle valve in the Keep close to the fully closed position.

In the above construction according to claim 3 State in which the ignition key switch is open, d. H. in which there is no current to the throttle valve motor is delivered to the throttle valve via the engagement the reset lever and the throttle lever the first positive device exerts a closing force, the reset lever and its second sleeve through the stop at the opening degree of the throttle valve strike the appropriate position; by exercising the Throttle valve opening force of the second positive device the throttle valve in the held in the position corresponding to the initial opening degree,  which corresponds to a degree of opening greater than that is the fully closed position.

If the opening degree of the throttle valve is in the upper range half of the throttle valve opening degree by the Motor is controlled, the second sleeve with the Reset lever usually together with the throttle actuated valve shaft, the second sleeve with the Reset lever from the throttle valve shaft, more precisely from the first sleeve, is held so that between the first sleeve and the second sleeve essentially none Friction is generated. For this reason, a Federbe load capacity of the first positive device limited with the result that a required throttle valve shaft torque T1 can be reduced where is reduced by the drive load of the engine. Next the shaft torque step difference T1 - (-T2) between the two throttle valve shaft torques, the above the reference position of the throttle valve start degrees of opening is generated, reduced the stability of the throttle valve drive control ver is improved. That is, the above functions and Benefits essentially the same as with the Dros sel device according to claim 1.

Furthermore, in the throttle device according to claim 3 Parts related to the initial opening degree adjustment mechanism belong, arranged in such a way that the first sleeve, the second sleeve with the reset lever, the throttle valve Pen levers and if necessary spacers one after the other pushed onto one end of the throttle valve shaft and can be clamped by means of a nut, whereby the assembly work for these parts is simplified.  

A throttle device for internal combustion engines according to a third aspect of the invention is provided with a Motor that acts as an actuator for driving a Throttle valve is used, a return spring that the throttle valve forces in the closing direction and not a powered throttle reset fold into an opening degree Position that is greater than that of a full constantly closed position, and a spring that used to determine the initial degree of opening and the when the motor is not powered Throttle valve in the area of the fully closed Position in the opening direction forces to the initial opening maintain efficiency on a throttle valve shaft the throttle valve in the axial direction of the throttle valve penwelle two-part spring bracket is arranged, the Spring holder two spring receiving spaces, of which by Division one inside and the other outside det, and has several cutouts that the ends of the respective springs that are divided into the respective Spaces are included, allow from the spring hold tion to be brought out with predetermined elements to be connected, and either the reset the one or more for determining the initial degree of opening used spring in the outside of the spring holder is taken and the other in the interior of the spring bracket is included.

If in the above construction according to claim 7 Return spring and for the determination of the initial opening spring used by torsion springs such as about coil springs are formed, both a  compact arrangement of the parts achieved as well as against side interference between the two springs avoided.

If the return spring is inside the spring bracket is arranged and for the determination of the initial opening spring used outside the spring holder is arranged, the spring characteristic of the Rückstellfe that by the feather plotted on the ordinate load and by the one plotted on the abscissa Throttle valve opening degree is defined as far as possible to be flattened because the spring constant is one in the spring bracket arranged because of the small Diameter of the coil spring can be reduced. in the Result can be the load on the actuator Driving the throttle valve can be reduced.

A throttle device for internal combustion engines according to a fourth aspect of the invention is provided with an engine used as an actuator in a throttle valve control system, an adjusting mechanism for the fully closed position of a throttle valve, and an initial opening degree adjusting mechanism which is an initial opening degree of the throttle valve that is larger than that of the fully closed position, when no power is supplied to the engine, a reduction gear mechanism, which is used for amplifying the driving force of the engine, is disposed at one end of a throttle body throttle valve shaft extending through a throttle body is
on a side wall of the throttle body on the side of the reduction gear, a screw which is used for adjusting the degree of opening in idle mode and serves as a stop in the adjusting mechanism for the fully closed position, is arranged and on a side wall of the throttle body another screw which is for the Setting of the initial opening degree is used and serves as a stop in the initial opening degree adjusting mechanism. In the above construction according to claim 11, wherein the screw with which the opening degree for the idle operation is set serves as a stop in the adjusting mechanism for the fully closed position, and in which the screw with which the initial opening degree is set as a stop in Initial opening degree adjustment mechanism is used, the respective degrees of opening can be set as desired, furthermore, the torsional force generated on the throttle valve shaft between the stop and the reduction gear is lower, since the stop is arranged in the adjustment mechanism for the fully closed position on the side on which the Under reduction gear mechanism is provided so that the distance between the position of the reduction gear, at which a torque for the throttle valve shaft is present, and the stop, which defines the fully closed position, is shortened.

If one on the throttle valve shaft in the reduction gear gear mechanism attached by a gear fan-shaped gear is formed and for adjustment len the degree of opening used for idle operation Screw that acts as a stop in the adjustment mechanism for the fully closed position, so arranged is that it is on one side of the fan-shaped gear part of the gear wheel can act as a stop  Handle element on the side of the throttle valve.

A throttle device for internal combustion engines according to a fifth aspect of the invention is provided with a Motor that is used as an actuator that drives a throttle valve shaft of a throttle valve, and a first stop to set the complete closed position of the throttle valve, a lever (A) located at one end of the throttle valve shaft in the Way is appropriate that it is relative to the throttle can rotate the valve shaft (which the Dros sel device according to claim 1 and the sleeve with reset lever of the throttle device according to claim 3 ), a return spring that pulls the lever (A) in Closing direction of the throttle valve forces a lever (B) attached to the end of the throttle shaft and with the lever (A) by the spring force of the reset spring can engage (the engaging element corresponds to the throttle device according to claim 1 and the Throttle valve lever of the throttle device according to claim 3 corresponds) to a second stop, one of the An corresponding opening degree of the throttle valve specifies when no power is supplied to the motor the initial degree of opening is greater than the opening efficiency of the fully closed position of the Throttle valve, the second stop preventing that the lever (A) from the initial opening degree corresponding position in the closing direction, one Spring used to determine the initial degree of opening is used and for the throttle valve shaft Opening force generated with which the initial opening degree is maintained, an accelerator pedal shaft on one to Throttle valve offset position is arranged  and mechanically locked with an accelerator pedal can, and a lever (C), which is in an emergency operation serves as an accelerator pedal lever and is in one piece with the Accelerator pedal shaft rotates and engages with lever (A) can get if the accelerator pedal over a predetermined Angle of rotation is moved out, thereby using the accelerator pedal the mechanically coupled actuation is activated when the engine due to a malfunction of the electrical Throttle control system can not work.

In this construction according to claim 13 can as in the throttle device according to claim 1, the setting of the throttle valve opening degree and the electri the throttle valve is controlled, In addition, if the throttle valve engine fails the following emergency operation can be carried out:

If the throttle valve engine has failed and that Accelerator pedal against the spring force of the return spring is depressed to the accelerator pedal shaft in a pre to turn the given angular position, lever C moves with the lever A in attached to the throttle valve shaft Intervention. This will move lever A in the opening direction of the throttle valve, the one on the throttle valve Penwelle attached lever B to lever A due to the Spring force in the opening direction by the for the Determination of the throttle valve opening degree ver wrench is generated, follows to the throttle valve to open.

Emergency operation is thereby carried out. Can also Parts of the throttle valve opening degree Adjustment mechanism or for the emergency operation mechanism  Must use levers and springs together for this be applied so that a compact and rational arrangement Parts can be achieved or used.

If the throttle device works normally and elec is controlled tric and if a traction control is activated, lever A with lever C in on handle, especially if the driver Accelerator pedal completely never when slip occurs and, in response, throttle control system a rotation of the throttle valve in the closing direction tion causes. However, even if such an intervention between lever A and lever C takes place the throttle valve shaft is rotated in the closing direction the, the lever A remains unchanged, so that a Emergency operation mechanism never own the company interfering with traction control.

A throttle device for internal combustion engines according to a sixth aspect of the invention is provided with an engine that acts as an actuator in one Throttle control system is used, a one Adjustment mechanism for the fully closed position throttle valve, and an initial opening degree Adjustment mechanism that determines the initial opening degree of the Throttle valve, the larger than that of the complete is in the closed position, when attached to the engine No electricity is supplied on one of the side walls Throttle body of the throttle valve a subset Tung gear mechanism of the engine, which is a throttle drives the valve shaft for the throttle valve, arranged is on the opposite side wall of the throttle valve body, a housing section is formed in  the housing section one end of the throttle valve shaft and an accelerator pedal shaft locked with an accelerator pedal are housed, a throttle position sensor, an accelerator pedal position sensor and the initial opening degree Adjustment mechanism attached in the housing section and the accelerator pedal shaft and the accelerator pedal element supporting the sensor as a cover for the housing section serves.

In the above construction according to claim 15 can in addition to the initial opening degree adjustment mechanism the throttle position sensor and the accelerator pedal tion sensor, which is used for the electrical control of the Dros selflap can be used together in one in the Side wall of the throttle body provided housing Sea sections can be arranged. Because beyond that Covering the housing section as a supporting element both for the accelerator pedal shaft as well as for the accelerator pedal sensor can be used rationally parts can be achieved.

A throttle device for internal combustion engines according to a seventh aspect of the invention is provided with a Motor that acts as an actuator for driving a Throttle valve is used, a reduction gear bemechanismus, a throttle position sensor for the detection of one with the opening degree of the throttle fold related position, and an on opening degree setting mechanism, which is a start Throttle valve opening degree, larger than that is in the fully closed position, if no power is supplied to the motor, the sub gearing mechanism and the initial opening degree  Adjustment mechanism on one side of a throttle valve body of the throttle valve are arranged and the Dros Selflap position sensor on the opposite Side of the throttle body is arranged.

A mechanism with a mechanical sliding section, for example, a sliding section made of intermetallic Elements such as the reduction gear mechanism, is very likely to produce abrasion powder. In the above construction according to claim 19 are the Reduction gear mechanism and the throttle valve position sensor over the throttle body in against side spacing because of this construction the spaced arrangement penetration of the abrasion pulse in the throttle position sensor is prevented and thus a deterioration in the operating characteristics of the throttle position sensor is avoided.

Because both the reduction gear mechanism continues as well as the throttle valve opening degree setting mechanism common in the housing near the throttle flap motor are arranged can be a common Arrangement of parts and a reduction in size of the entire throttle device can be achieved. About that In addition, the throttle position sensor can procure be as far as possible in the middle of the Throttle body is arranged, with the result that influences due to a deflection or bending of the Throttle valve shaft can be eliminated and fluctuations in the Output characteristic curve of the throttle valve position sensor can be limited.

A throttle device for internal combustion engines according to an eighth aspect of the invention is provided with a motor which is used as an actuator for driving a throttle valve, an adjusting mechanism for the fully closed position of the throttle valve, and a stopper for setting an initial opening degree which is an initial opening degree the throttle valve, which is larger than that of the fully closed position, holds, when no power is supplied to the engine, a first Zwangseinrich device that the throttle valve in a range beyond a throttle valve opening degree by the ver used for determining the throttle valve opening degree Stop is defined, forcing in the closing direction, and a second urging device, which forces the throttle valve in the opening direction to maintain the throttle valve opening degree in the region of the fully closed position, below r the assumption that a shaft torque in the closing direction of the throttle valve, which is generated by the first positive device at the position of the stop used to determine the initial opening degree, is given by T1 and a further shaft torque in the opening direction of the throttle valve which is generated by the second forced device on the Position of the stop that is used for determining the initial degree of opening is generated, given by T2, the following inequalities are satisfied:
T1 MfGe + Vf
T2 MfGe + Vf

where Mf is the friction torque with the engine stopped , Ge is the reduction ratio and Vf is the Torque is that applied to the throttle valve shaft must be to open the throttle valve.  

In the above construction according to claim 20, by minimizing the throttle shaft torque characteristics T1 and T2, the step difference of the throttle shaft torques T1 - (-T2) in the vicinity of the position corresponding to the throttle valve opening degree can be reduced, thereby stabilizing the throttle valve drive control can. Further, when T2 <Mf · Ge + Vf holds, the value of T2 is slightly decreased in the position corresponding to the initial opening degree, as shown in FIG. 16 and will be explained later, so that in the position corresponding to the initial opening degree Error is generated. Despite this error, however, if the air mass flow required for combustion when started in a cold climate is ensured, the intended purpose of the initial opening degree can be achieved.

Further features and advantages of the invention will become clear Lich more useful when reading the following description Embodiments based on the accompanying drawings Makes reference; show it:

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a first exporting approximate shape of the throttle device of the dung OF INVENTION;

FIG. 2 is a view when viewed in the direction of arrow A in FIG. 1;

Fig. 3 is an exploded perspective view of the first embodiment of the throttle device of the invention;

Fig. 4A, B cross-sectional views of essential sections from the first embodiment of the throttle device of the invention;

Fig. 5 is a view for explaining the functional principle of the throttle device of the invention;

Fig. 6A, B are views for explaining Notlaufbetrieb- characteristics exhibited by the first embodiment of the throttle device of the invention;

Fig. 7 is a view for explaining a throttle valve torque characteristic based on the principle of operation of the invention;

Fig. 8 is a cross-sectional view of a second form from execution of the throttle device of the invention He;

Fig. 9 is an exploded perspective view of an essential portion of the second exporting approximate shape of the throttle device of the dung OF INVENTION;

FIG. 10A, B cross-sectional views of essential From cut the second embodiment of the throttle device of the invention;

FIG. 11A, B cross-sectional views of essential From cut to a third embodiment of the throttle device of the invention;

FIG. 12 is an exploded perspective view of an essential portion of the third exporting approximate shape of the throttle device of the dung OF INVENTION;

FIG. 13 is an exploded perspective view of an essential portion of a fourth exporting approximate shape of the throttle device of the dung OF INVENTION;

FIG. 14A, B cross-sectional views of essential From cut to the fourth embodiment of the throttle device of the invention;

FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional view of a fifth form imple mentation of the throttle device of the invention He; and

Fig. 16 is a view for explaining an exemplary throttle shaft Drehmomentkennli never used in the fifth embodiment of the throttle device of the invention.

Fig. 1 is a vertical sectional view of a first embodiment of the throttle device of the invention, Fig. 2 is a view when viewed in the direction of arrow A in Fig. 1, Fig. 3 is an exploded perspective view thereof, and Figs. 4A and 4B are cross sectional views of essential sections here of.

In these drawings, an intake air duct or bore 30 is formed in a throttle body 15 , which is made by die-casting, for example, aluminum. Further, in the throttle body 15, a throttle valve shaft 18 extends across the intake air line 30 and is supported by bearings 28 and 29 , which enable free rotational movement. On the Drosselklap penwelle 18 , a throttle valve 24 is attached, which controls the intake air mass flow through the intake air line 30 . Reference numeral 26 denotes a pipe that leads engine cooling water to the throttle body 15 , where the throttle body 15 maintains the temperature of the engine cooling water.

Either on the right side wall or on the left side wall of the throttle body 15 , through which the throttle valve shaft 18 extends, a bearing receiving section 15 C, which takes the bearing 29 and a seal 32 , and a housing section 15 A, which has a drive gear set for receives an electric throttle control system, integral with the throttle body 15, while on the opposite side, a further bearing receiving portion 15 D which receives the bearing 28 and a seal 31, and a Gehäu seabschnitt 15 B, the emergency operation mechanism and an initial opening degree -Adjusting mechanism for the throttle valve 24 accommodates, are arranged.

The limp-home mode mechanism is such that it enables limp-home operation of the vehicle with a mechanically coupled accelerator pedal when the electric throttle device such as an actuator and a control system therefor malfunction. The initial opening degree adjusting mechanism is arranged to set an initial opening degree of the throttle valve 24 when an ignition key switch is opened, that is, when no current is supplied to the engine 12 . The initial degree of opening of the throttle valve 24 is set to 5 ° (± 0.2 °), for example, and is also greater than the opening degree of the throttle valve, which corresponds to the fully closed position, in which an air mass flow for idle operation is ensured. The constructions of the limp home operation mechanism and the initial opening degree setting mechanism will be explained later. However, the need to set the initial opening degree has already been explained, so that the explanation thereof is omitted.

The housing section 15 A accommodating the gear set is covered by a cover 21 which is detachably fastened by screws, wherein in the interior 20 of the housing section 15 A gear wheels 11 , 9 A, 9 B and 10 are housed for a throttle valve drive system. On the other hand, the opposite housing section 15 B accelerator pedal levers 1 and 1 ', an accelerator pedal shaft 34 and an accelerator pedal position sensor 13 and is covered by a cover 22 which is detachably fastened by screws.

The accelerator pedal cover 22 has a projection 90 which carries the accelerator pedal shaft 34 , which runs through bearings 93 and 94 through the accelerator pedal cover 22 , the first accelerator pedal lever 1 with an accelerator pedal cable connecting section 33 being arranged in a rotationally fixed manner at one end of the accelerator pedal shaft 34 .

A spring holder member 91 is attached along the outer periphery of the projection 90 . The other end of the accelerator pedal shaft 34 extends into the cover 22 and is rotatably arranged on the second accelerator lever 1 ', which serves as a cam lever. The rotationally fixed arrangement of these levers 1 and 1 'takes place by clamping these levers between clamping nuts 35 and 92 , which are arranged at the two ends of the accelerator pedal shaft 34 , on the one hand, and sections, which are formed on the accelerator pedal shaft 34 , on the other hand.

An accelerator pedal return spring 8 , which is formed by a helical torsion spring, is attached along the outer circumference of the spring support element 91 . One end of the return spring 8 is connected to the side of the first accelerator lever 1 , while its other end is connected to the side of the cover 22 , so that the return spring 8 forces the accelerator pedal shaft 34 and the accelerator pedal levers 1 and 1 'in the closing direction. When the accelerator pedal is depressed, the accelerator pedal levers 1 and 1 'are rotated via a wire 44 against the spring force of the return spring 8 in the opening direction.

However, when the throttle valve shaft 18 is rotated by the engine 12 , the cam-shaped accelerator pedal bel 1 and 1 'to the throttle valve shaft 18 never transmit a driving force. The reference numeral 95 denotes a processing element.

On a part of the side walls of the throttle body 15 , in the drawings in the lower part, a we sentlichen parallel to the throttle valve shaft 18 Motorge housing section 15 E is provided, which receives the serving as an actuating element for the electric throttle valve motor 12 . For example, a DC motor or a stepper motor is used for the motor 12 .

The inner peripheral surface of the motor housing section 15 E has a conical shape to facilitate the insertion of the motor 12 , wherein at the rear end of the motor housing section 15 E an elastic element 27 is arranged and at the mouth section of the motor housing section 15 E a motor mounting plate 96 is arranged, whereby the motor 12 is held between the elastic member 27 and the mounting plate 96 when a screw 97 is tightened.

A motor gear 11 serving as a pinion, which is provided on the output shaft 12 A of the motor 12 , is in engagement with an intermediate gear 9 A. The intermediate gear 9 A is such that it has more teeth than the motor gear 11 to reduce the speed and increase the torque, this increased torque via a further intermediate gear 93 and a Drosselklap penzahnrad 10 is transmitted to the throttle valve shaft 18 .

The intermediate gears 9 A and 9 B are rotatably mounted on a Zahnradun support shaft 25 , which is arranged parallel to the throttle valve shaft 18 so that a rotational movement is possible, one end of the Zahnradun support shaft 25 in a side wall of the throttle body 15 formed bore 98 through press-fitting is fixed and its other end via a nylon washer 100 is held by the cover 21 with pressure to a falling of the intermediate gears 9 a and 9 B to prevent the gear support shaft 25th

The throttle gear 10 is fixed to one end of the throttle shaft 18 by tightening a nut 23 . For the throttle valve gear 10 , for example, a fan-shaped gear, as shown in Fig. 3, is used, wherein, when the throttle valve gear 10 is rotated in the closing direction of the throttle valve 24 , one side of the throttle gear 10 on a screw 7 for adjusting the fully closed position of the throttle valve, ie on a screw for adjusting the degree of opening for idling operation or on a first stop which is provided on the side wall of the throttle body 15 , so that further rotation of the throttle valve shaft 18 is prevented in the closing direction and the fully closed position of the throttle valve 24 is fixed. The fully closed position of the throttle valve is set as a minimum opening degree, which ensures an air mass flow for idling after the heating operation.

Since the throttle device of the described embodiment of the invention includes an electric throttle control system, a driving force of the motor 12 generates a torque for the throttle valve shaft 18 via the reduction gear mechanism if the drive motor 12 in the throttle control system operates normally.

A driver current is supplied to the motor 12 from a throttle control module, not shown. The throttle control module generates a drive current command signal in the following manner. Using an accelerator pedal position signal from an accelerator pedal position sensor 13 , which detects the degree of depression of the accelerator pedal 53 as shown in FIG. 5 and is hereinafter also sometimes referred to as accelerator pedal sensor, a throttle valve opening degree signal from a throttle valve position sensor 14 , which is also sometimes referred to below as a throttle valve sensor , an engine speed signal and a slip signal, the command signal is generated in response to the current operating request such as a normal engine operating control or a traction control.

So that the mechanical drive force from the accelerator pedal 53 is not transmitted to the throttle valve shaft 18 when the throttle valve control system is operating normally, the throttle valve shaft 18 and the accelerator pedal shaft 34 are mechanically decoupled and offset from one another, where the accelerator pedal lever is located between the throttle valve shaft 18 and the accelerator pedal shaft 34 1 'and the lever 2 , which form elements of the emergency operation mechanism, are net angeord.

The limp home operation mechanism and the initial opening degree setting mechanism are explained below. These two mechanisms of the embodiment under consideration are arranged on a side of the throttle body 15 which is opposite to the side on which the reduction gear mechanism is provided in the throttle valve drive system.

The initial opening degree adjusting mechanism is composed of a sleeve 42 to the lever 2, that is with a lever A or restoring lever which is fixed to one end of the throttle shaft 18 to a rotary motion selklappenwelle relative to the Dros permit 18, and hereinafter referred to as levers (A ) 2 is referred to, from a return spring 4 , that is, a first urging device which forces the sleeve 42 with the lever (A) 2 in the closing direction of the throttle valve 24 , from a lever 3 , ie a lever B or a throttle valve lever which is connected to the lever (A) 2 via a spring force, which is generated by the return spring 4 attached to one end of the throttle valve shaft 18 , can come into engagement and is hereinafter referred to as lever (B) 3 , from a screw 6 for adjusting the initial opening degree, ie a second stop 6 , which prevents rotation of the sleeve 42 with the lever (A) 2 in the position corresponding to the initial opening degree in the closing direction when the Engine 12 is not supplied with power, that is, when the ignition key switch is open, and from a spring 5 , which is used for determining the initial opening degree, that is, a second positive device that generates a throttle valve opening force for maintaining the initial opening degree for the throttle valve shaft 18 .

A specific installation structure of these elements will now be explained with reference to FIGS . 3, 4A and 4B.

As shown in Fig. 3, has at least one end of the throttle shaft 18 is a flat shape with two paralle len areas wherein 18 a spacer is slid 50 to a shaft step section 18 'of this flattened end of the throttle shaft, then a washer 51 is slipped whereupon a part 38 is pushed on which carries the spring 5 used for determining the initial opening degree, followed by a nylon washer 43 is the sleeve 42 with the lever (A) 2 , which is applied over a sleeve 45 with play to the throttle valve shaft 18 , then the lever (B) 3 is rotatably pushed onto the throttle valve shaft 18 , finally a nut 47 is tightened via a washer 46 on the throttle valve shaft.

As shown in Fig. 4 (A), one end of the first sleeve 45 abuts on the part 38 due to the clamping by the nut 47 , while its other end abuts the lever (B) 3 , whereby the first sleeve 45 along the Perimeter of the throttle valve shaft 18 is attached. The clamping force by the nut 47 acts only on the lever (B) 3 , the first sleeve 45 and the part 38 and not on the second sleeve 42 with the lever (A) 2 , which is attached along the circumference of the first sleeve 45 , thereby permitting rotation of the second sleeve 42 with respect to the throttle valve shaft 18 and the first sleeve 45 .

As shown in FIG. 4B, a solid lubricant 52 , that is, a dry bearing such as a fluororesin coating, is applied to the inner surface of the second sleeve 42 .

The lever (A) 2 containing arm portions 2 A, 2 B, 2 C and 2 D, and is pushed and through a center mounting hole 2 E onto the outer peripheral surface of the second sleeve 42 fixed to the metal sleeve 42 by caulking.

The arm section 2 A of the lever (A) 2 is such that it can engage with the lever (B) 3 , with a projection or a rolling pin 23 ', which forms part of the arm section 2 B, with the accelerator pedal lever or Cam lever 1 'can engage, a before jump 2 C', which forms part of the arm section 2 C, is attached to one end 5 A of the spring 5 , which is used for determining the initial degree of opening, and an arm section 2 D with the Screw or the stop 6 for setting the initial opening degree, which is provided on the side wall of the throttle body 15 , can engage. The other end 5 B of the spring 5 used for determining the initial degree of opening is connected to the part 38 .

In the first embodiment, both the return spring 4 and the spring 5 used for determining the degree of opening are formed by a spiral spring.

One end 4 B of the return spring 4 is attached to the second sleeve 42 , while the other end 4 A is attached to the pin 37 , which is provided on a side wall of the throttle body 15 , the arm portion 2 A of the lever (A) 2 comes into engagement with the lever (B) 3 by the spring force of the return spring 4 . By this engagement, the return spring 4 forces the throttle valve shaft 18 and therefore the throttle valve 24 in the closing direction.

Now, with reference to Fig. 5, which is a diagram for explaining the principle of operation of the invention, and with reference to Figs. 6A, 6B and 7, the operation of the throttle device of the invention will be described.

When the ignition key switch is opened so that no current is supplied to the engine 12 , the lever (A) 2 forces the throttle valve shaft 18 via the lever (B) 3 in the closing direction due to the spring force generated by the return spring 4 , the throttle valve 24 in the position corresponding to the initial degree of opening is reset. In the initial opening degree corresponding to the position strikes the arm portion D 2 of the lever (A) 2 to 6 on the stop, whereby further rotation of the lever (A) 2 is prevented in the closing direction.

Due to the stop 6 , the spring force generated by the return spring 4 is ineffective from the initial opening degree θ2 of the throttle valve 24 to the fully closed position, being close to the fully closed position of the throttle valve 24 , ie between the fully closed position and the operator catch opening degree θ2 corresponding position of the throttle valve 24, the spring 5 already explained for the determination of the initial degree of opening acts in such a way that an opening force is exerted on the throttle valve shaft 18 so that the initial degree of opening of the throttle valve 24 is maintained.

A urging force P1 in the closing direction due to the return spring 4 and a urging force P2 in the opening direction due to the spring 5 , which is used for the determination of the initial opening degree, are respectively determined so that a relationship P1 P2 is satisfied, that is, a shaft torque T1 in the closing direction generated by the urging force P1 and a shaft torque T2 in the opening direction generated by the urging force P2 are set so that the relationship T1 T2 is satisfied.

If such an initial opening degree is maintained, even if the throttle valve 24 is iced up in a cold climate during a previous warming-up operation, an air mass flow required for starting the internal combustion engine can be ensured.

When the throttle valve 24 is controlled to the fully closed position, that is, when idle operation is performed after the heating, the throttle valve shaft 18 is rotated in the closing direction against the spring force of the spring 5 , which is used for determining the initial degree of opening, with the driving force of engine 12 is based on an idle control command value. Here, the lever (B) 3 comes out of engagement between the initial opening degree and the fully closed position of the lever (A) 2 , as shown in Fig. 5 by the broken line 3 ', and performs a valve closing operation together with the throttle valve shaft 18 .

When the opening degree or the opening and closing of the throttle valve 24 is controlled in a range above the initial opening degree θ2 under normal operating conditions, the driving force of the motor 12 is transmitted to the throttle shaft 18 bemechanismus over the Untersetzungsgetrie 9 A, 93, 10 and 11 are transmitted, the degree of opening of the throttle valve 24 is controlled depending on the balance between the driving force and the spring force of the return spring 4 . Here, the lever (A) 2 engages with the lever (B) 3 , the second sleeve 42 with the lever (A) 2 being carried on the throttle valve shaft 18 by the first sleeve 45 and rotated together with the throttle valve shaft 18 .

If a traction control is carried out for the vehicle, for example if the driver depresses the accelerator pedal 53 completely in response to the occurrence of slippage and causes a large rotary movement of the accelerator pedal lever 1 ', the motor 12 throttle valve 24 in via a command from the throttle control module Closing direction controls to prevent slippage, the lever (A) 2 comes on its way back with the accelerator pedal lever 1 'so that its rotation in the closing direction is prevented. Even in this state, the lever (B) 3 is released from the lever (A) 2 . The lever (B) 3 is rotated against the spring force of the spring 5 , which is used for the determination of the initial degree of opening, together with the throttle valve shaft 18 in the closing direction, so that a closing control of the throttle valve 24 , ie a traction control, performed without difficulty can be.

If the above condition occurs in which the lever (A) 2 comes into engagement with the accelerator lever 1 'when performing traction control, a rebound phenomenon is generated, that is, the spring force of the return spring 4 via the lever (A) 2 as a shock on the accelerator pedal lever 1 'is exercised.

This rebound phenomenon occurs when the accelerator pedal is depressed 53 and the accelerator shaft 34 to rotate about more than θ1, as shown in FIG. 6A, where θ1 is an angle in which the accelerator lever 1 'during a runflat operation due to a rotation of the Fahrpe dalwelle 34 is brought by depressing the accelerator pedal 53 in a state of engagement with the lever (a) 2 on the side of the throttle shaft 18th However, if the inclination of a cam characteristic defined by the degree of throttle valve opening on the ordinate and the degree of depression of the accelerator pedal plotted on the abscissa, ie the angle of rotation of the accelerator shaft, is reduced as far as possible, the accelerator lever 1 'assumes the spring force of the return spring a position at which the spring load is low when traction control is carried out in which the rebound phenomenon is particularly likely to occur; this can reduce the rebound amount. However, since a throttle valve opening degree θ3 must be ensured, which is required for the execution of a mechanically coupled actuation of the throttle valve during emergency operation, a central section of the cam characteristic curve, which is defined by the throttle valve opening degree and the accelerator pedal depression degree, is provided as a non-linear characteristic curve, which is shown by the broken line 6A and runs below a straight line by the cam shape of the accelerator pedal lever 1 'is used.

In the currently considered embodiment, the respective angles θ1, θ2 and θ3 are set as shown in FIG. 6B, ie θ1 = 30 °, initial opening degree θ2 = 5 ° and throttle valve opening degree for emergency operation θ3 = 7 °.

The second sleeve 42 makes a relative rotation on the first sleeve 45 in a range between the initial opening degree θ2 and the fully closed position of the throttle valve 24 , and as explained above, it can also make a relative rotation on the first sleeve even during traction control Execute 45 . The friction generated by the sliding movement is reduced by the solid-state lubricating element 52 .

The emergency operation mechanism works as follows:
For example, if the throttle valve control system and the engine 12 fail, the throttle valve 24 is returned to the position corresponding to the initial opening degree by the spring force of the return spring 4 . When the accelerator pedal 53 is depressed under this condition, due to the rotation of the accelerator shaft 34 relative to the throttle valve shaft 18, a cam lever 1 'A of the accelerator lever 1 engages with the lever (A) 2 , so that the lever (A) 2 in the opening direction the throttle valve 24 is rotated as shown by a chain line in FIG. 5. The throttle valve shaft 18 and the lever (B) 3 follow the rotation in the opening direction of the lever (A) 2 due to the spring force of the spring 5 , which is used for the determination of the initial degree of opening, and open the throttle valve 24 so that a mechanically coupled actuation the throttle valve 24 is made possible by the accelerator pedal 53 , ie emergency operation.

In order to ensure an emergency operation, the shaft torque T1, which is determined by the constraining force P1, which is generated by the return spring 4 at least in a range between the initial opening degree θ2 and the fully closed position of the throttle valve, and the shaft torque T2, which by the Forced force P2 is determined, which is generated by the spring 5 used for determining the initial opening degree at least in an area between the fully closed position of the throttle valve and the emergency operation area, the following inequalities are met:

T1 <Mf · Ge + Vf
T2 <Mf · Ge + Vf

where Mf is the friction torque with the engine stopped , Ge is the reduction ratio and Vf is the Torque is that applied to the throttle valve shaft must be to open the throttle valve.

With the currently considered embodiment of the inven The following advantages can be obtained:

• a) The second sleeve 42 with the lever (A) 2 , which is used for driving the throttle valve shaft 18 , is supported by the throttle valve shaft 18 and in one piece with the first in a considerable opening degree range between the initial opening degree and the fully closed position of the throttle valve Sleeve 45 rotated, unless the accelerator pedal 53 is fully depressed during a traction control in which the engine 12 closes the throttle valve 24 . Therefore, there is little friction between the second sleeve 42 and the first sleeve 45 .
  Therefore, the required spring force P1 of the return spring 4 is lower, with the result that both the required shaft torque T1 for the throttle valve shaft 18 and the drive load for the motor 12 can be reduced. Furthermore, the shaft step torque T1 - (-T2) between the throttle valve shaft torque, which arises above the reference position of the throttle valve opening degree, is reduced, so that the stability of the throttle valve drive control can be improved.
• b) Constituent elements of the initial opening degree adjustment mechanism such as the spacer 50 , the washer 51 , the part 38 with the spring 5 used for the determination of the initial opening degree, the first sleeve 45 , the return spring 4 , the second sleeve 42 with the lever (A) 2 and the lever (B) 3 can be mounted by simply successively sliding on the throttle valve shaft 18 and by clamping by means of a nut, so that the installation work for this is simplified.
• c) The initial opening degree adjusting mechanism, the limp home operation mechanism, the throttle sensor 14 and the cover 22 for the housing portion 15 B are arranged together, in addition, a part of these mechanisms is shared, the number and the structure of the parts are rationalized and it a reduction in the size of the throttle device can be achieved. Furthermore, coil springs are used for the return spring 4 and for the spring used for the determination of the initial degree of opening 5 , whereby the throttle device receives an even more compact shape.
  If such spiral springs are used, springs with a small spring constant can be used, which means a reduction in the drive load for the motor 12 .
• d) Both with the stop 7 for the adjustment mechanism of the fully closed position, ie with the screw used for adjusting the degree of opening for the idle operation, and with the stop 6 for the initial degree of opening adjustment mechanism, ie with the one used for adjusting the initial degree of opening Dete screw, the required degrees of opening can be set arbitrarily, both stops are provided on opposite side walls of the throttle body, so that the two stops can be easily identified because the respective side walls are defined by the reduction gear mechanism or by the opening degree setting mechanism, so that an incorrect identification of the two stops is avoided and an incorrect setting resulting therefrom can be prevented.
  The stop 7 for the adjusting mechanism for the fully closed position, ie the screw used for the adjustment of the degree of opening of the idle mode, is arranged so that it strikes mechanism on one side of the fan-shaped gear 10 in the reduction gear, part of the gear as Stop engagement element on the part of the throttle valve shaft 18 can serve.
• e) Even if the limp home operation mechanism and the initial opening degree adjustment mechanism are intermixed, the operation of the throttle valve shaft 18 is smooth during traction control without being disturbed by the limp home operation mechanism.
  By a non-linear characteristic is provided for the movement characteristic of the accelerator pedal lever 1 'in the emergency operation mechanism, which is shown in Fig. 6A by the broken line, a possible occurrence of a rebound during traction control can be effectively suppressed.
  Now, a second embodiment of the throttle device of the invention will be explained with reference to Figs. 8 to 10, in which Fig. 8 is a vertical sectional view of the second embodiment, Fig. 9 is an exploded perspective view of a main portion thereof, and Figs. 10A and 10B are sectional views of main sections thereof.
  The construction of the second embodiment of the throttle device is substantially the same as that of the first embodiment, except that a part of the parts used herein is modified, only the modified parts being explained below. Furthermore, elements in the drawings that have the same reference numerals as in the first embodiment are the same as or equivalent to elements in the first embodiment, which also applies to the following embodiments explained later.
  In the currently considered embodiment, a helical torsion spring 63 or a helical torsion spring 64 are used as the return spring or as the spring used to determine the initial degree of opening.
  In contrast to the lever (B) 3 , the lever (B ') 3 ' is fixedly attached to one end of the throttle valve shaft 18 , the sleeve 45 being arranged between these fixed levers 3 and 3 'and to the throttle valve shaft 18 by tightening the nut 47 is attached; on the outer circumferential surface of the sleeve 45 , the sleeve 42 is fixed with the lever (A) 2 in such a way that a rotation relative to the sleeve 45 is possible.
  Along the outer peripheral surface of the sleeve 42 above the throttle valve shaft 18 spring brackets 61 and 62 , each of which has a flange, are arranged at an axial distance in such a way that free movement in the direction of rotation is possible.
  The spring brackets 61 and 62 contain inner cylinder sections 61 A and 62 A, which are arranged around the outer circumferential surface of the sleeve 42 , and outer cylinder sections 61 B and 62 B, which divide the spring adjustment space into two spaces, ie into the interior and the outside space as shown in Fig. 10A, in this second embodiment, the return spring 63 is located in the inner setting space and the spring 64 used for determining the initial opening degree is located in the outer setting space.
  In the spring mounts 61 and 62 , cutouts or spring end lead-out portions 67 and 68 are formed as shown in Fig. 9, which are used to the end portions 63 A and 64 B of the return spring 63 , which is arranged in the inner adjustment space, to the outside The end section 63 A of the return spring 63 is fastened through the cutout 68 to the pin 37 provided on the side wall of the throttle body 15 , while the other end section 63 B through the cutout 67 on the arm cutout 2 D of the lever (A) 2 is attached.
  One end 64 A of the spring used for the determination of the initial opening degree 64 , which is arranged in the exterior of the spring brackets 61 and 62 , is attached to the lever (B ') 3 ', which in turn is fastened to the throttle valve shaft 18 , while the other end 64 B of which is attached to the arm portion 2 D of the lever (A) 2 .
  In the second embodiment, the arm portion 2 A of the lever (A) 2 engages with the lever (B) 3 fixedly attached to the throttle valve shaft 18 via the return spring 63 , whereby the throttle valve shaft 18 is forced in the closing direction of the throttle valve 24 . When the lever (A) 2 strikes the screw 6 for setting the initial opening degree, further rotation of the lever (A) 2 in the closing direction is prevented as in the first embodiment.
  The used for the determination of the initial opening degree spring 64 forces the throttle valve shaft 18 via the lever (B ') 3 ' in the opening direction in order to keep the initial opening degree near the fully closed position.
  The divided spring brackets 61 and 62 absorb the spring force of the springs 63 and 64 in the axial direction and are pressed against the levers 3 and 3 '.
  With the second embodiment, in addition to the advantages obtained in the first embodiment, the following further advantages can be obtained:
• f) Since the spring holder is formed from two spring holder parts 61 and 62 , which are axially spaced angeord net, each of the spring holder parts has an inner cylindrical partition 61 A and 62 A and an outer cylindrical partition 61 B and 62 B, one Inside / outside double arrangement structure created, which prevents mutual interference of the return spring 63 and the spring 64 used for determining the initial degree of opening, so that the springs can be easily installed in the spring holder and a compact arrangement of these parts is achieved.
• g) Since the return spring 63 is arranged in the spring holder and the spring 64 used for determining the degree of opening is outside of this, the screw diameter and therefore the spring constant of the return spring 63 , which is arranged inside, can be smaller than that of the spring 64 can be selected so that the spring characteristic of the return spring 63 , which is defined by the spring load on the ordinate and by the throttle valve opening degree on the abscissa, can be flattened as much as possible, with the result that the load of the actuating element for driving the throttle valve 24 is reduced.
  Alternatively, however, the return spring 63 can be arranged in the outer space of the spring holder, while the spring 64 used for determining the initial degree of opening can be arranged in the interior, d 16217 00070 552 001000280000000200012000285911610600040 0002019740204 00004 16098ie.
  A third embodiment of the invention will now be explained with reference to Figs. 11A, 11B and 12.
  FIG. 11A and 11B show dung cross-sectional views of main portions of the third embodiment of OF INVENTION, while Fig. 12 is an exploded perspective view thereof FIG. Although not shown in FIGS. 11A, 11B and 12, the arrangement structure of the intake air conduit 30 in the throttle body 15, throttle valve 24, the reduction gear mechanism 9 A, 9 B, 10 and 11 and the accelerator pedal shaft 34 dalabdeckung at the Fahrpe 22 is supported, and the lever 1 and 1 'substantially the same as in the first and in the second embodiment.
  In the third embodiment, either the return spring 63 or the spring 5 used for determining the degree of opening is a helical torsion spring, while the other is a spiral torsion spring. More specifically, a helical torsion spring is used for the return spring 63 , while a spiral torsion spring is used for the spring 5 used for determining the initial opening degree.
  Instead of the sleeve 42 in the previous embodiments, a sleeve 70 with lever (A) 2 is used.
  The sleeve 70 is in addition to the lever (A) 2 from an inner cylindrical portion 70 A, which is pushed onto the sleeve 45 so that it can perform a rotational movement relative to this, and from an outer cylindrical portion 70 B formed which is provided outside the inner cylindrical portion 70 A as shown in Figs. 11A and 11B.
  The inner cylindrical portion 70 A is shorter than the outer cylindrical portion 70 B, wherein in the interior formed by the sleeve 70 by cutting out the inner cylindrical portion 70 A, the spring 5 used for the determination of the initial opening degree on the throttle valve shaft 18 via the part 38 is attached, one end 5 A of the spring 5 being fastened to a cutout 70 C provided on the sleeve 70 and the other end 5 B being fastened to the part 38 .
  In the outer cylindrical portion 70 B of the sleeve 70 spring holders 71 and 72 are axially spaced apart.
  The return spring 63 is supported by the spring brackets 71 and 72 , one end 63 A of the return spring 63 on the pin 37 of the throttle body 15 being fastened via a cutout 72 A provided on the spring holder 72 and the other end 63 B of which is cut at Armab 2 D of the lever (A) 2 is attached.
  In addition to the advantages obtained with the first embodiment, the following advantages can be obtained with the currently considered embodiment:
• h) Even if different spring types such as a helical torsion spring and a spiral torsion spring are used as a return spring or as a spring used to determine the initial degree of opening, these two types of springs can be arranged together on a single sleeve, so that a compact throttle device is realized .
  A fourth embodiment of the invention will now be explained with reference to FIGS. 13, 14A and 14B, FIG. 13 showing an exploded perspective view of the fourth embodiment and FIGS. 14A and 14B showing cross sectional views of essential portions thereof.
  In the fourth embodiment, either the return spring or the spring used to determine the initial opening degree is a spiral torsion spring, while the other is a tension spring. In order to achieve a compact arrangement of the throttle device of the fourth embodiment of the invention, the initial opening degree adjusting mechanism is arranged on the part of the reduction gear mechanism for the throttle valve drive system. In the drawings, only the throttle gear 10 is shown in Untersetzungsgetriebemecha mechanism, while the gears 9 A, 9 B 11 and omitted for simplification of the drawing have been.
  As shown in Fig. 13, beginning at one end of the throttle valve shaft 18 on the side of the reduction gear mechanism, the throttle gear wheel 10 , the lever (B) 3 , the return spring 4 , the sleeve 42 with the lever (A) 2 , one Washer 51 'and the sleeve 45 pushed and clamped festge by the nut 23 . As the return spring 4 , a coil spring is used, while a tension spring 85 is used as the spring used for determining the opening degree of opening, as will be explained later.
  In the same manner as in the previous embodiments, the sleeve 45 is attached to the throttle valve shaft 18 via the mutual action between the clamping effect by the nut 23 and the throttle valve shaft stage 18 ', the sleeve 42 on the outer peripheral surface of the sleeve 45 in is postponed so that it can perform a rotational movement relative to the sleeve 45 and the throttle valve shaft 18 .
  One end 4 A of the return spring 4 is fixed to the pin 37 provided on the throttle body 15 , as shown in Fig. 14A, while the other end thereof is fixed to the sleeve 42 , whereby the return spring 4, the sleeve 42 and the lever ( A) 2 forces in the closing direction of the throttle valve 24 .
  On the other hand, the arm portion 3 A of the lever (B) 3 is arranged so that it can engage with the arm portion 2 A of the lever (A) 2 , the arm portion 3 B of which at one end 85 B that for determining the initial opening degree used spring 85 is attached and the other end 85 A of the spring 85 is attached to the arm 2 C of the lever (A) 2 .
  In the fourth embodiment, the opening degree setting mechanism works when the ignition switch sel switch is opened so as to transmit the spring force of the return spring 4 to the throttle shaft 18 via the engagement of the lever (A) 2 with the lever (B) 3 Arm portion 2 D of the lever (A) 2 strikes at the position corresponding to the initial opening degree, at which time the spring force of the spring 85 used for determining the initial opening degree maintains the initial opening degree of the throttle valve 24 .
  If the motor 12 serving as the throttle valve actuating element is driven from this position in the closing direction against the tensile force of the spring 85 used for determining the initial degree of opening, the fully closed position of the throttle valve 24 is given by the position of the adjusting screw 7 .
  The throttle valve sensor 14 is also arranged on a side wall surface of the throttle body 15 on the side of the reduction gear mechanism.
  In the fourth embodiment, substantially the same advantages as in the previous embodiments are obtained, further the following advantages are obtained:
• i) The reduction gear mechanism for the throttle valve drive system and the initial opening degree adjusting mechanism can be arranged together. Furthermore, the reduction gear mechanism and the return spring and the spring used for the determination of the opening opening degree along the throttle shaft 18 are arranged close to each other, so that mutually interfering, acting in opposite directions torques can be reduced.
  Fig. 15 shows a cross-sectional view for explaining a fifth embodiment of the invention. The presently considered embodiment relates to a throttle device type without an emergency running mechanism, that is, an exclusively electrically operated throttle device in which the accelerator shaft, the accelerator pedal lever and the accelerator sensor are separately provided outside the throttle body, because the accelerator pedal mechanism is used to generate signals related to the accelerator pedal position. The accelerator pedal mechanism is therefore not used directly to open and close the throttle valve.
  In the fifth embodiment, the initial opening degree adjusting mechanism is also arranged on the reduction gear mechanism side for the throttle valve drive system located at one end of the throttle valve shaft 18 . The return spring 4 and the spring 5 used to determine the initial opening degree are arranged in substantially the same manner as in the first embodiment. At one end of the throttle valve shaft 18 , the Drosselklap penzahnrad 11 , the lever (B) 3 and the part 38 with the spring 5 used for determining the initial opening degree are arranged in a rotationally fixed manner, while the return spring 4 and the sleeve 42 with the lever (A) 2 are attached via the sleeve 45 and the assembly is clamped by the nut 47 so that a rotational movement of the sleeve 42 on the sleeve 45 is possible.
  One end 4 A of the return spring 4 is attached to the pin 37 on the throttle body 15 , while its other end is attached to the sleeve 42 .
  The arm section 3 A of the lever (B) 3 is arranged so that it can engage with the lever (A) 2 beyond the spring 5 and the return spring used for determining the opening opening.
  One end 5 A of the spring 5 used for determining the initial opening degree is attached to the arm portion 3 A of the lever (B) 3 , while its other end is attached to the part 38 . In the fifth embodiment, the representation of the screw 6 for the setting of the initial degree of opening and the representation of the screw 7 for the setting of the fully closed position are omitted, but these screws are arranged in the housing section 15 A formed in one piece with the throttle body 15 . The principle of operation of setting the initial opening degree in the fifth embodiment is substantially the same as in the previous embodiments, so an explanation thereof is omitted.
  In the fifth embodiment, with the exception of the advantages related to the limp home operation function, all the advantages of the previous embodiments are also obtained, and the following advantage is also obtained:
• j) The throttle shaft torque characteristic curves T1 and T2, ie the P1 and P2 characteristic curves at the position of the stop used to set the initial opening degree, are defined in accordance with the following inequalities: T1 Mf · Ge + Vf
  T2 Mf · Ge + Vf, where Mf is the friction torque when the engine is stopped, Ge is the reduction ratio, and Vf is the torque to be applied to the throttle valve shaft to open the throttle valve.
  When the throttle torque characteristics T1 and T2 are set according to the above inequalities, the throttle shaft torque characteristics are minimized and the throttle shaft torque level T1 - (-T2) is reduced in the vicinity of the throttle valve position corresponding to the initial opening degree, whereby the throttle valve drive control can be stabilized . If T2 <Mf · Ge + Vf, T2 is slightly reduced at the position corresponding to the initial opening degree, as shown in Fig. 16, so that an error is generated at the position corresponding to the throttle valve opening degree. Despite this error, however, if the air mass flow required for combustion is assured during a cold climate start, the intended purpose of the initial opening degree is achieved.
• k) Furthermore, the reduction gear mechanism and the initial opening degree adjusting mechanism are arranged on one side of the throttle body 15 , while the throttle position sensor is arranged on the other side.
  A mechanism with a mechanical sliding section, for example a sliding section made of intermetallic elements such as the reduction gear mechanism, is likely to produce wear powder. In the above construction, the reduction gear mechanism and the throttle position sensor are spaced apart from each other by the throttle body, so that a penetration of abrasion powder into the throttle position sensor is prevented and deterioration in performance of the throttle position sensor is avoided.
  Furthermore, since the reduction gear mechanism and the throttle valve opening degree setting mechanism are arranged together in the housing near the engine, a compact arrangement of the parts and a reduction in the size of the entire throttle device can be achieved. In addition, the throttle valve position sensor can be arranged as far as possible in the middle of the throttle body, with the result that influences due to deflection or bending of the throttle valve shaft can be avoided and fluctuations in the output characteristic of the throttle valve position sensor can be limited.
  According to the invention, the parts belonging to the throttle valve opening degree adjusting mechanism and possibly the parts belonging to other mechanisms including an emergency operation mechanism are collected and rationally arranged, and the attachment properties of these mechanisms are improved. Furthermore, a reduction in the mechanisms peculiar friction and compared to conventional devices an improvement in the characteristic of the forced devices, such as the spring characteristics of a return spring, is achieved so that the drive load for the throttle valve actuator is reduced and the throttle valve control operation is stabilized.

Claims (20)

1. Throttle device for internal combustion engine, with
an engine ( 12 ) used as an actuator in a throttle control system,
an adjustment mechanism for the fully closed position of a throttle valve ( 24 ), and
an initial opening degree adjusting mechanism that maintains an initial opening degree of the throttle valve ( 24 ) larger than that of the fully closed position when no current is supplied to the motor ( 12 ), characterized in that
the initial opening degree adjusting mechanism includes a fitting member ( 42 ) rotatably attached to a throttle valve shaft ( 18 ) for the throttle valve ( 24 ), a first urging device ( 4 ) forcing the fitting member ( 42 ) in the closing direction of the throttle valve ( 24 ) Engagement device ( 3 ), which is fastened to the throttle valve shaft ( 18 ) and can engage with the fitting element ( 42 ) via the force of the first constraining device ( 4 ), a stop ( 6 ) which prevents the fitting element ( 42 ) over which the initial degree of opening of the throttle valve ( 24 ) is rotated in the closing direction, as well as a second positive device ( 5 ) which, in the region of the fully closed position for the throttle valve ( 24 ), generates an opening force to the initial degree of opening of the throttle valve ( 24 ) hold, and
is the fitting member (42) is rotated in an operating range beyond the initial opening degree of the throttle valve (24) normally together with the throttle valve shaft (18) and thereby supported on the throttle valve shaft (18). 2. Throttle device according to claim 1, characterized in that
the fitting element is a movable sleeve ( 42 ) with a lever ( 2 ) which can engage with the engagement element ( 3 ) and is attached to the side of the throttle valve shaft ( 18 ), and
the movable sleeve ( 42 ) is attached to a fixed throttle shaft ( 18 ), immovable sleeve ( 45 ) and can rotate relative to the immovable sleeve ( 45 ). 3. Throttle device for internal combustion engine, with
an engine ( 12 ) that drives a throttle valve shaft ( 18 ) to perform opening and closing control of a throttle valve ( 24 ),
an adjustment mechanism for the fully closed position of the throttle valve ( 24 ), and
an initial opening degree adjusting mechanism that maintains an initial opening degree of the throttle valve ( 24 ) larger than that of the fully closed position when no current is supplied to the motor ( 12 ), characterized in that
the initial opening degree adjusting mechanism includes a throttle lever ( 3 ), a return lever ( 2 ), a first urging device ( 4 ), a second constraining device ( 5 ), a first sleeve ( 42 ) and a second sleeve ( 45 ) and
the throttle valve lever ( 3 ) and the first sleeve ( 42 ) are pushed onto one end of the throttle valve shaft ( 18 ) and fastened to it by the axial clamping force of a nut ( 47 ), the second sleeve ( 45 ), which is integral with the reset lever ( 2 ) is formed in the first sleeve ( 42 ) so that a relative rotation between the sleeves ( 42 , 45 ) is possible, and by the first positive device ( 4 ) in the closing direction of the throttle valve ( 24 ) in the initial opening degree Appropriate position is forced, the return lever ( 2 ) is brought into engagement by the force with the throttle valve lever ( 3 ) and wherein the throttle valve shaft ( 18 ) by the second device ( 5 ) an opening force is exerted to the on Keep the opening degree of the throttle valve ( 24 ) close to the fully closed position. 4. Throttle device according to claim 1, characterized in that the first forced means ( 4 ) and / or the second forced means ( 5 ) are each a coil spring. 5. Throttle device according to claim 2, characterized in that the first forced means ( 4 ) and / or the second forced means ( 5 ) are each a coil spring. 6. Throttle device according to claim 3, characterized in that the first forced means ( 4 ) and / or the second forced means ( 5 ) are each a coil spring. 7. Throttle device for internal combustion engine, with
an engine ( 12 ) used as an actuator for driving a throttle valve ( 24 ),
a return spring ( 4 ) which forces the throttle valve ( 24 ) in the closing direction and, when the motor ( 12 ) is not supplied with power, causes the throttle valve ( 24 ) to be returned to a position corresponding to an initial degree of opening which is greater than that of a fully closed position , and
a spring ( 5 ) which is used for determining the initial opening degree and which, when the motor ( 12 ) is not supplied with current, forces the throttle valve ( 24 ) in the area of the fully closed position in the opening direction in order to maintain the initial opening degree, characterized in that that
On a throttle valve shaft ( 18 ) of the throttle valve ( 24 ), a spring holder ( 61 , 62 ) which is divided in two in the axial direction of the throttle valve shaft ( 18 ) is arranged,
the spring holder ( 61 , 62 ) has two spring receiving spaces, one of which is inside and the other outside by division, and has a plurality of cutouts ( 67 , 68 ) which form the ends of the respective springs ( 4 , 5 ) which are divided into the respective ones Spaces are included, allow to be carried out from the spring holder ( 61 , 62 ) to be in connection with predetermined elements, and
either the return spring ( 4 ) or the spring ( 5 ) used for determining the initial degree of opening is accommodated in the outer space of the spring holder ( 61 , 62 ) and the other one is accommodated in the interior of the spring holder ( 61 , 62 ). 8. Throttle device according to claim 7, characterized in that the return spring ( 4 ) is arranged in the interior of the spring holder ( 61 , 62 ) and the spring ( 5 ) used for determining the initial opening degree in the outer space of the spring holder ( 61 , 62 ) is arranged. 9. throttle device according to claim 7, characterized in that
a lever (A) is attached to the throttle valve shaft ( 18 ) in such a way that it can perform a rotational movement relative to the latter and
Levers (B, B ′) are fastened to the throttle valve shaft ( 18 ),
one end of the return spring ( 4 ), which is accommodated in the spring holder ( 61 , 62 ), is attached to the throttle valve body ( 15 ) of the throttle valve ( 24 ) and the other end is attached to the lever (A),
the lever (A) and the lever (B) are such that they can come into mutual engagement by the spring force of the return spring ( 4 ), and
one end of the spring ( 5 ) used for determining the degree of opening is attached to the lever (A) and the other end is attached to the lever (B '). 10. Throttle device according to claim 8, characterized in that
a lever (A) is attached to the throttle valve shaft ( 18 ) in such a way that it can perform a rotational movement relative to the latter and
Levers (B, B ′) are fastened to the throttle valve shaft ( 18 ),
one end of the return spring ( 4 ), which is accommodated in the spring holder ( 61 , 62 ), is attached to the throttle valve body ( 15 ) of the throttle valve ( 24 ) and the other end is attached to the lever (A),
the lever (A) and the lever (B) are such that they can come into mutual engagement by the spring force of the return spring ( 4 ), and
one end of the spring ( 5 ) used for determining the degree of opening is attached to the lever (A) and the other end is attached to the lever (B '). 11. Throttle device for internal combustion engines, with
an engine ( 12 ) used as an actuator in a throttle control system,
an adjustment mechanism for the fully closed position of a throttle valve ( 24 ), and
an initial opening degree adjusting mechanism that maintains an initial opening degree of the throttle valve ( 24 ) larger than that of the fully closed position when no current is supplied to the motor ( 12 ), characterized in that
a reduction gear mechanism ( 9 , 10 , 11 ), which is used for amplifying the driving force of the engine ( 12 ), is arranged at one end of a throttle valve shaft ( 18 ) of the throttle valve ( 24 ) extending through a throttle body ( 15 ),
on a side wall of the throttle body ( 15 ) on the side of the reduction gear ( 9 , 10 , 11 ), a screw ( 7 ), which is used for setting the opening degree in idle mode and serves as a stop in the adjusting mechanism for the fully closed position and on a side wall of the throttle body ( 15 ), another screw ( 6 ) which is used for setting the initial opening degree and serves as a stop in the initial opening degree adjusting mechanism is arranged. 12. Throttle device according to claim 11, characterized in that a gear element of the transmission reduction mechanism, which is fixed on the side of the throttle valve shaft ( 18 ), is a fan-shaped gear ( 10 ). 13. Throttle device for internal combustion engine, with
an engine ( 12 ) used as an actuator that drives a throttle valve shaft ( 18 ) of a throttle valve ( 24 ), and
a first stop ( 7 ) for determining the fully closed position of the throttle valve ( 24 ), characterized by
a lever (A), the valve shaft at one end of the throttle is mounted in such a manner (18) such that it can rotate relative to the throttle shaft (18), a return spring (4), the lever (A) in the closing direction of the throttle valve ( 24 ) forces
a lever (B) which is attached to the end of the throttle valve shaft ( 18 ) and can engage with the lever (A) by the spring force of the return spring ( 4 ),
a second stop ( 6 ) which defines a position corresponding to the initial degree of opening of the throttle valve ( 24 ) when no current is being supplied to the motor ( 12 ), the initial degree of opening being greater than the degree of opening of the fully closed position of the throttle valve ( 24 ), the second stop ( 6 ) preventing the lever (A) from rotating from the position corresponding to the initial degree of opening in the closing direction,
a spring ( 5 ), which is used to determine the initial opening degree and generates an opening force for the throttle valve shaft ( 18 ) with which the initial opening degree is maintained,
an accelerator pedal shaft ( 34 ) which is arranged at a position offset to the throttle valve shaft ( 18 ) and which can be mechanically locked with an accelerator pedal ( 53 ), and
a lever (C), which serves as an accelerator pedal lever in emergency operation and rotates in one piece with the Fahrpe pedal shaft ( 34 ) and can engage with the lever (A) when the accelerator pedal ( 53 ) is moved beyond a predetermined angle of rotation , whereby the mechanically coupled actuation is activated with the accelerator pedal ( 53 ) when the engine ( 12 ) cannot work due to a malfunction of the electric throttle valve control system. 14. Throttle device according to claim 13, characterized in that
a throttle valve opening degree characteristic curve is defined for the emergency operation function when the degree of throttle valve opening is plotted on the ordinate and the accelerator pedal shaft rotation angle is plotted on the abscissa and
the lever (C) is formed by a cam lever which, in an intermediate section, modifies the throttle valve opening degree characteristic curve into a non-linear characteristic curve which runs below the linear characteristic curve with a predetermined inclination. 15. Throttle device for internal combustion engine, with
an engine ( 12 ) used as an actuator in a throttle control system,
an adjustment mechanism for the fully closed position of a throttle valve ( 24 ), and
an initial opening degree adjusting mechanism that maintains the initial opening degree of the throttle valve ( 24 ) larger than that of the fully closed position when no power is supplied to the motor ( 12 ), characterized in that
on one of the side walls of a throttle body ( 15 ) of the throttle valve ( 24 ) there is a reduction gear mechanism ( 9 , 10 , 11 ) of the motor ( 12 ) which drives a throttle valve shaft ( 18 ) for the throttle valve ( 24 ),
on the opposite side wall of the throttle body ( 15 ) a housing section ( 15 B) is ausgebil det
one end of the throttle valve shaft ( 18 ) and one accelerator pedal shaft ( 34 ) locked with an accelerator pedal ( 53 ) are accommodated in the housing section ( 15 B),
a throttle valve position sensor ( 14 ), an accelerator pedal position sensor ( 13 ) and the initial opening degree setting mechanism are mounted in the housing section ( 15 B) and an element supporting the accelerator pedal shaft ( 34 ) and the accelerator pedal position sensor ( 13 ) as a cover ( 22 ) of the housing section ( 15 B) serves. 16. Throttle device according to claim 15, characterized in that
on the throttle valve shaft ( 18 ) a movable element of the throttle valve position sensor ( 14 ) is immovably attached and on the side wall of the throttle valve body ( 15 ) an immovable element thereof is immovably attached and
on the accelerator pedal shaft ( 34 ) a movable element of the accelerator pedal position sensor ( 13 ) is immovably attached and an immovable element thereof is attached to an inner wall of the cover ( 22 ). 17. Throttle device according to claim 15, characterized in that
the throttle valve shaft ( 18 ) is arranged at a position offset with respect to the accelerator pedal shaft ( 34 ) and
within the housing section ( 15 B) an emergency operation mechanism is attached, which causes a mechanical coupling of the throttle valve shaft ( 18 ) with the accelerator pedal shaft ( 34 ) when the engine is not working and the accelerator pedal shaft ( 34 ) over a predetermined angle of rotation also rotates to enable transmission of a driving force to the accelerator shaft ( 34 ). 18. Throttle device according to claim 16, characterized in that
the throttle valve shaft ( 18 ) is arranged at a position offset with respect to the accelerator pedal shaft ( 34 ) and
within the housing section ( 15 B) an emergency operation mechanism is attached, which causes a coupling of the throttle valve shaft ( 18 ) with the accelerator pedal shaft ( 34 ) when the engine is not working and the accelerator pedal shaft ( 34 ) rotates beyond a predetermined angle of rotation to enable transmission of a driving force via the accelerator pedal shaft ( 34 ). 19. Throttle valve for internal combustion engine, with
an engine ( 12 ) used as an actuator for driving a throttle valve ( 24 ),
a reduction gear mechanism,
a throttle position sensor ( 14 ) for detecting a position related to the opening degree of the throttle valve ( 24 ), and
an initial opening degree adjusting mechanism that maintains an initial opening degree of the throttle valve ( 24 ) larger than that of the fully closed position when no current is supplied to the motor ( 12 ), characterized in that
the reduction gear mechanism and the initial opening degree adjusting mechanism are arranged on one side of a throttle body ( 15 ) of the throttle valve ( 24 ) and
the throttle position sensor ( 14 ) is arranged on the opposite side of the throttle body ( 15 ). 20. Throttle device for internal combustion engine, with
an engine ( 12 ) used as an actuator for driving a throttle valve ( 24 ),
an adjustment mechanism for the fully closed position of the throttle valve ( 24 ), and
a stop ( 6 ) for setting an initial degree of opening that maintains an initial degree of opening of the throttle valve ( 24 ) that is larger than that of the fully closed position when no power is supplied to the motor ( 12 ), characterized by
a first positive device ( 4 ) which forces the throttle valve ( 24 ) in a region beyond a throttle valve opening degree, which is defined by the stop ( 6 ) used to determine the throttle valve opening degree, in the closing direction, and
a second positive device ( 5 ) which forces the throttle valve ( 24 ) in the opening direction in order to maintain the degree of opening of the throttle valve in the region of the fully closed position,
assuming that a shaft torque in the closing direction of the throttle valve ( 24 ), which is generated by the first constraining device ( 4 ) at the position of the stop ( 6 ) used to determine the initial degree of opening, is given by T1 and a further shaft torque in the opening direction of the throttle valve ( 24 ), which is generated by the second compulsory device ( 5 ) at the position of the stop which is used for determining the initial opening degree, is given by T2, the following inequalities are satisfied: T1 Mf · Ge + Vf
T2 Mf · Ge + Vf, where Mf is the friction torque with the engine stopped ( 12 ), Ge is the reduction ratio, and Vf is the torque that must be applied to the throttle valve shaft ( 18 ) to open the throttle valve ( 24 ).