DE19707141B4 - Arrangement for detecting actuation or switching states of a transmission actuating device - Google Patents

Abstract

arrangement for detecting actuation or switching states a mechanical actuator or a gearshift lever of a transmission of a motor vehicle, the actuator along at least three predetermined parallel lanes (10) is movable, characterized in that the actuating device with a Sensor connected to one-dimensional travel (12) and a lane switch is or cooperates with the sensor and the switch that the travel (12) of the sensor is divided into four areas, wherein a first Area (14) a centerpiece of the travel path includes and the state IDLE, further wherein a second Area (16) Stellwege adjacent to both sides of the first area (14) and a SYNCHRONIZATION state is assigned, further a third area (18) travel paths adjacent to the second two Areas (16) at their ends facing away from the first region (14) ends and a Assigned state switching view and further where a fourth Area (20) outer ends of Travel path (12) includes and a condition ...

Description

The The invention relates to an arrangement and a method for detecting of actuation or switching states of a mechanical actuator or a gearshift lever of a transmission of a motor vehicle, the actuator along at least three predetermined, parallel lanes movable is.

The Detecting the current position of a gearshift lever is, for example for determining a suitable input or Auskuppelcharakteristik an automated clutch, for example one automatically controlled friction clutch, required.

So it is for example from the DE 42 23 718 A1 It is known to provide a magnet arrangement directly on the transmission, which determines the switching state of the transmission via a corresponding identification device.

From the DE 42 22 878 A1 It is known to arrange sensor elements on the corresponding switching shafts of the gearbox in the manner of a printed circuit with a resistance coating.

From the EP 0 646 737 A1 It is known to arrange a rotary control device a plurality of sensors, namely Hall-effect switch. These are evaluated by a logic circuit.

From the DE 38 36 145 A1 It is known to attach to the gear lever, a surface potentiometer on which a slider moves depending on adjusting movements of the gear lever. To evaluate the two-dimensional movement of the grinder on the surface of a comprehensive evaluation circuit is provided.

All These arrangements have the disadvantage that they are many and / or expensive Sensors and complex evaluation electronics need.

Out WO 90/04 122 A2 is a gear position sensor for detecting actuating or switching states a mechanical actuator a transmission of a motor vehicle.

The DE 26 46 393 B2 shows a display device, wherein for detecting the operating or switching states a gear position switch with two switching states and a tap changer are provided. As a result, the cost of switches and thus also be reduced to wiring.

In the DE 44 27 330 A1 is proposed for detecting the shift position of a motor vehicle transmission, that with the aid of sensors, the position of a shift lever in a neutral shift position of the transmission adjusting neutral lane of a shift gate diagram of the transmission is detected.

Of the present invention is based on the object, an arrangement and a method of the above kind available provide, with the above-mentioned disadvantages are overcome and a simple and cheaper Construction is realized.

These The object is achieved by a Arrangement of the type mentioned above with the characterized in claim 1 Characteristics and by a method of the type mentioned above with the solved in claim 4 specified method steps.

To it is inventively provided, the actuator assign a one-dimensional potentiometer and a lane switch or these two with the actuator to divide the travel of the sensor into four areas, wherein a first region comprises a center piece of the travel and the Condition is associated with LEAD, further comprising a second area Travel includes adjacent to both sides of the first area and a State SYNCHRONIZATION is assigned, further comprising a third Range travel adjacent to the two second areas whose end facing away from the first region comprises an end and a state SHIFTABSICHT and further wherein a fourth region has outer ends of the travel path includes and a condition FINAL ASSIGNED GEAR is assigned. Furthermore, the lane switch executed in two stages, wherein each of the two switching states of the Gassenschalters each one Alley or a group of lanes is assigned such that each lane or each lane group is assigned to one of the two switching states.

This has the advantage that with few components and inexpensive Structure several functions can be performed simultaneously, namely a Gear, Schaltweg- and switching intent detection and monitoring a synchronization implementation.

In In a particularly advantageous embodiment, the sensor and the lane switch disposed in the region of the gearshift lever. this makes possible due to the game in the shift operation a statement about a Switch intent from the travel of the potentiometer.

In Advantageously, the actuator is movable along four parallel lanes.

• (a) Erfassen eines ersten Sensorsignals, welches die Stellung der Betätigungsvorrichtung in Gassenrichtung angibt, (a1) Bestimmen aus dem ersten Signal (a), ob einer der folgenden Zustände vorliegt; LEERLAUF, SYNCHRONISATION; SCHALTABSICHTSERKLÄRUNG oder ENDGÜLTIG EINGELEGTER GANG.
• (b) Erfassen eines zweiten Sensorsignals, welches eine von zwei Gruppen der Gassen angibt, in der sich das Betätigungselement befindet, wobei jeder Gruppe eindeutig verschiedene Gänge zugeordnet sind,
• (c) Erfassen eines dritten Sensorsignals, welches eine Geschwindigkeit des Kraftfahrzeuges angibt,
• (d) Bestimmen des Ganges bzw. der Gänge, welcher bzw. welche der entsprechenden in den vorangegangenen Schritten erfassten Kombination von Sensorsignale zugeordnet sind.

In a method of the abovementioned type, the following steps are provided according to the invention:

• (a) detecting a first sensor signal indicative of the position of the actuator in the direction of the throttle; (a1) determining from the first signal (a) whether one of the following conditions exists; IDLE, SYNCHRONIZATION; CIRCULAR OVERVIEW or DEFINITIVELY OPERATED GEAR.
• (b) detecting a second sensor signal indicative of one of two groups of lanes in which the actuator is located, each group being uniquely associated with different gears,
• (c) detecting a third sensor signal indicative of a speed of the motor vehicle,
• (d) determining the gear or gears, which are assigned to the corresponding combination of sensor signals detected in the preceding steps.

This has the advantage that with few steps and little effort with regard to an evaluation device several functions can be performed simultaneously, namely one Gear, Schaltweg- and switching intent detection and monitoring a synchronization implementation.

• (e) Erfassen eines vierten Sensorsignals, welches eine Getriebeeingangsdrehzahl angibt, und
• (f) Bestimmen des Verhältnisses zwischen Geschwindigkeit und Getriebeeingangsdrehzahl, und
• (g) Vergleichen des Verhältnisses mit vorbestimmten Werten und Bestimmen des geschalteten Ganges aus der gemäß Schritt (b) erfassten Gruppe von Gassen.

An additional, finer differentiation of different gears is achieved by the following additional steps:

• (e) detecting a fourth sensor signal indicative of a transmission input speed, and
• (f) determining the relationship between speed and transmission input speed, and
• (g) comparing the ratio with predetermined values and determining the shifted speed from the group of lanes detected according to step (b).

• (c1) Erfassen eines Signals eines Rückwärtsgangsensors.

Additional differentiation between forward and reverse gears is achieved by the following additional step after step (c):

• (c1) detecting a signal of a reverse sensor.

Further Features, advantages and advantageous embodiments of the invention arise from the dependent ones claims, and from the following description of the invention with reference to the attached Drawing. These show in

1 a schematic representation of a four-way circuit,

2 a schematic representation of a three-circuit circuit, and

3 a schematic view of the distribution of a travel of a sensor of the arrangement according to the invention.

For a combined Gear, shift, shift intent detection and synchronization monitoring is to detect the switching path as a sensor one-dimensional Potentiometer provided. This potentiometer will be inserted through the gear needed Mechanics driven and reflected on his one-dimensional travel the angle or travel of the lever again, a driver for inserting aisles a gearbox operated.

In 1 and 2 two lanes are shown schematically. The various end positions for different gears of a manual transmission are designated 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and R for 1st gear, 2nd gear, 3rd gear, 4th gear, 5th gear and reverse gear. Here is an unillustrated gear lever along different lanes 10 movable. The signal from the potentiometer indicates whether the gear lever is in the lanes front or rear. Here corresponds to "front" in the 1 and 2 above and "behind" corresponds in the 1 and 2 below.

An additional lane switch, which is also operated by the gear mechanism, on the other hand, distinguishes whether the gear lever in an alley 10 right or left of a division or center line 22 located. The alleys to the left of the line 22 are doing a first position of the lane switch and the streets 10 right of the line 22 are assigned to a corresponding other or second position of the lane switch. In a lane switch with more than two switching states correspondingly more assignments can be defined.

through of the potentiometer can be clearly recognize a switching path. This is also statements about the Progress of synchronization possible. Is the potentiometer as possible far away from the gearbox and possible close to the driver operated Hand switch attached, can because of the game in the shift operation a Statement about a switching intent derived from the travel of the potentiometer become.

With this information of the potentiometer and the street switch is, for example, in a four-way circuit according to the 1 and front shift lever initially only a group of gears ( 11 ), namely the group of the goose ge R, 1 or 3, 5. Using the information from a reverse switch, the gears R and 1 can also be differentiated. For the differentiation of the gears 3 and 5, according to the invention, additional information about the speed of the motor vehicle and the transmission input rotational speed are used, since these lie in different characteristic ranges for different gears, so that certain ratios of these parameters can lead to different gears.

Above a minimum speed range of transmission input shaft speed (in the following short: transmission speed) and driving speed (depending on Computational accuracy of the control unit used, for. about 300 rpm transmission speed and about 3 km / h driving speed), the gear is calculated in the respective end position of the shift lever by the ratio between Transmission speed and driving speed. In this state (finally inserted Gang) can over a plausibility check the Information of the potentiometer and the selector switch as well as the Reverse switch be checked as follows.

The gear information calculated from the transmission speed and the vehicle speed must be reflected in the readings of the other sensors as follows: In gears 1, 3, 5, the potentiometer information must indicate that the gear lever is at the front. In the gears 2 and 4, the shift lever must be detected as standing behind. The reverse gear information is linked to the shift lever position depending on the three or four-gear shift. The lane switch must indicate the lanes 1/2 or 3/4/5 accordingly. When the reverse gear is displayed, the lane switch must have the lane valid for three- or four-lane transmission 10 Show.

Below the minimum speed range and / or the minimum travel speed becomes the lane switch and the reverse switch next to the potentiometer information used to determine the engaged passage as follows. at engaged gear, the potentiometer indicates whether one of the gears 1, 3, 5 or one of the courses 2, 4 is inserted. The lane switch indicates whether one of the gears 1, 2 or 3, 4, 5 is inserted.

The one gear common to the two displays is the gear engaged. Here, however, can not be distinguished between the courses 3 and 5. This is not necessary, however, at this operating point (very low speeds and / or low transmission speed), since in each case with detection of 3rd or 5th gear a this operating point _n is an error. The statement "3rd or 5th gear" is therefore sufficient to recognize that a wrong gear for driving is engaged. The reverse switch differentiates in this method, the gears 1. and R in the four-way or 4. and R in the three-speed circuit (see. 1 and 2 ). When the lever is in the middle position, idling is always set.

The detection of a switching intent is realized via the travel of the potentiometer as follows:
As in 3 the travel is shown 12 divided into four areas, namely in a first area 14 , which is associated with a status OPERATED LOOP, in a second area 16 , which is associated with a state SYNCHRONIZATION, in a third area 18 , which is assigned to a state COUNTER DETECTION and into a fourth area 20 , which is assigned to a state FINALLY ENGAGED GEAR. How out 3 Obviously, the areas are 16 . 18 and 20 symmetrical around the only once existing area 14 arranged to detect both switching directions (forward and backward).

The intention to shift is important in order to be able to initiate the procedure for opening the clutch in a suitable manner when request for removal of an inserted gear by the driver in a possibly under load gearbox. The intention to shift is recognized again with the potentiometer, if this is controlled with as little play by the manual shift lever, but on the other hand there is as much play in the mechanics between the manual shift lever and the transmission. When gear is engaged in the in 3 areas shown the switching intention clearly in the area 18 recognized. This range reaches the shift lever only with relatively little force by the driver, but not in normal driving with relieved lever. In contrast, in the areas 18 the transmission is not yet activated.

Furthermore, synchronization detection or monitoring is performed with one and the same system as follows: When the shift lever is in the synchronization range 16 is monitored by the comparison of engine speed and transmission speed, the progress of the synchronization in the transmission. After completion of the synchronization of the lever must be in the areas 20 or move into it. If this is not the case, the synchronization process was aborted. In vehicles with an automated clutch, the engagement process can be prevented, delayed or canceled in this case to protect the transmission.

The arrangement described above allows with relatively little additional effort, namely with only one sensor with one-dimensional travel and a switch secure detection of all for driving and manual switching of Gears relevant states in a multi-step transmission. This detection can be further refined by using sensor signals on speed and transmission speed. Such signals are usually usable without additional effort, since they are already available in conventional motor vehicles. Thus, the states INPUT PROGRESS, TRIP SHOOTING and SYNCHRONIZATION PHASE are clearly recognized. The type of detection of fault conditions described above allows an unambiguous and rapid fault diagnosis via the sensors involved. The additional sensors can only be accommodated in the gearshift and therefore only have to be developed and tested once per vehicle platform.

10

streets

11

group of shift gates

12

Travel Range

14

first Area

16

second Area

18

third Area

20

fourth Area

22

center line

Claims (6)

Arrangement for detecting operating or switching states of a mechanical actuating device or a gear shift lever of a transmission of a motor vehicle, wherein the actuating device along at least three predetermined, parallel lanes ( 10 ) is movable, characterized in that the actuating device with a sensor with one-dimensional travel ( 12 ) and a lane switch is connected or interacts with the sensor and the switch that the travel ( 12 ) of the sensor is divided into four regions, wherein a first region ( 14 ) comprises a middle part of the travel path and is associated with the state IDLE, further comprising a second region ( 16 ) Stellwege adjacent to both sides of the first area ( 14 ) and is associated with a SYNCHRONIZATION state, further comprising a third region ( 18 ) Travel paths adjacent to the two second areas ( 16 ) from the first area ( 14 ) and associated with a state SWITCHING VIEW and further comprising a fourth region ( 20 ) outer ends of the travel ( 12 ) and is associated with a state ENDGULLY ENGAGED GANG, and that the lane switch is two-stage, each of the two switching states of the Lane switch each having an alley ( 10 ) or a group of alleys ( 11 ) is assigned such that each alley ( 10 ) or each lane group is assigned to one of the two switching states. Arrangement according to claim 1, characterized that the Sensor and the street switch in the range of the gearshift lever arranged are. Arrangement according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the actuating device along four parallel lanes ( 10 ) is movable. Method for detecting actuation or switching states of a mechanical actuator or a gearshift lever of a gearbox of a motor vehicle, the actuator along at least three predetermined, parallel lanes movable is, with a detection arrangement according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized by the following steps, (a) detecting a first sensor signal indicative of the position of the actuator indicating in lane direction, (a1) determine from the first signal (a) whether one of the following states is present, IDLE, SYNCHRONIZATION, CIRCULAR OVERVIEW or FINAL INSERTED GEAR. (b) detecting a second sensor signal, which indicates one of two groups of lanes in which the actuator is located, with each group clearly assigned to different gears are, (c) detecting a third sensor signal which is a Speed of the motor vehicle indicates (d) determining the Ganges or the corridors, which or which of the corresponding ones in the preceding steps detected Combined sensor signals are assigned. Method according to claim 4, characterized by the following further steps, (e) detecting a fourth sensor signal, which indicates a transmission input speed, and (f) determining of the relationship between speed and transmission input speed, and (G) Comparing the ratio with predetermined values and determining the shifted gear the according to step (b) recorded Group of alleys. A method according to claim 4 or 5, characterized by following additional Step after step (c), (c1) detecting a signal of a Reverse sensor.