DE19635789A1 - Electronic system for measuring consumption of liquids or gases in pipe line system - Google Patents

Electronic system for measuring consumption of liquids or gases in pipe line system

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Publication number
DE19635789A1
DE19635789A1 DE1996135789 DE19635789A DE19635789A1 DE 19635789 A1 DE19635789 A1 DE 19635789A1 DE 1996135789 DE1996135789 DE 1996135789 DE 19635789 A DE19635789 A DE 19635789A DE 19635789 A1 DE19635789 A1 DE 19635789A1
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pressure
flow
electronic
gases
liquids
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DE1996135789
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German (de)
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Priority to DE1996135789 priority Critical patent/DE19635789A1/en
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Classifications

    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01FMEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
    • G01F1/00Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow
    • G01F1/05Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by using mechanical effects
    • G01F1/34Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by using mechanical effects by measuring pressure or differential pressure

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Measuring Volume Flow (AREA)

Abstract

The measurement method is carried out using an electronic measuring unit. So that in a finite smooth tubular piece of constant cross-section, and without any branching, the pressure difference of the flow pressure in proportion to the flow resistance of the flowing medium, is continuously measured, using pressure sensors, between the two end points of the tubular piece. The results are then evaluated according to time. An electronic evaluation unit is coupled with the pressure sensors. The data obtained is electronically determined and processed, and indicated, and/or further transmitted.

Description

Die herkömmliche Verbrauchsmessung von Gasen und Flüssigkeiten erfolgt über zwei Meßverfahren.The conventional consumption measurement of gases and liquids takes place about two measuring methods.

Bei kleineren Rohrdurchmessern werden verschiedenste mechanische Formen von Turbinenräder, deren Drehzahl n ein Maß des Strömungsdruckes bzw. des Medienverbrauches V ist (V ∼ n), in die Rohre eingebaut. Die Wellen der Turbinenräder werden mit den verschiedensten mechanischen oder elektronischen Zählwerken verbunden, welche den Medienverbrauch durch das Leitungssystem in ihrer Anzeige darstellen. Entsprechend diesem Aufbaues können kleinste Durchflußmengen nicht oder zu gering erfaßt werden. Die Gründe sind notwendige Toleranzen der Turbinenblätter untereinander sowie zur Rohrwandung bzw. Turbinengehäuse, weiterhin sind die Flügelformen und die Masse der Turbine entscheidend für das Anlauf- und Laufverhalten der Turbine (Turbulenzen). Bedingter mechanischer Verschleiß, insbesondere in den Lagern der Welle, erfordert ein Wechseln der Verbrauchsmesser.A wide variety of mechanical shapes are used for smaller pipe diameters of turbine wheels, whose speed n is a measure of the flow pressure or Media consumption V is (V ∼ n), built into the pipes. The waves of the Turbine wheels are made with a wide variety of mechanical or connected electronic counters, which the media consumption by the Show the pipe system in your display. According to this structure smallest flow rates cannot be recorded or can be recorded too little. The Reasons are necessary tolerances of the turbine blades with each other as well to the pipe wall or turbine housing, furthermore the wing shapes and the mass of the turbine is decisive for the starting and running behavior of the Turbine (turbulence). Conditional mechanical wear, especially in the Bearing the shaft requires changing the consumption meter.

Bei größeren Rohrdurchmessern werden verschiedene Strömungswiderstände in Form von Blenden, Düsen, Verdrängungsplatten und Stromlinienkörpern in die Rohre eingebaut. Das Ziel dieser Rohreinbauten ist es, eine künstliche Druckerhöhung an bzw. nach den Strömungswiderständen zu bewirken. Mittels Messung der Druckdifferenzen zwischen den Strömungswiderständen wird der Verbrauch bestimmt. Dieses Meßverfahren hat wesentliche Nachteile. So werden erhebliche Druckverluste erzeugt, die durch höhere Eingangsdrücke in die Rohrleitung kompensiert werden müssen. Entsprechend dem Meßverfahren müssen Mindestströmungsgeschwindigkeiten vorhanden sein, wobei kleinere Verbrauchsmengen nicht oder viel zu wenig erfaßt werden. Weiterhin bestehen Probleme bei einer genauen Bestimmung der Verbrauchsmessung, da die Geschwindigkeitsverteilung des Strömungsmediums infolge deren Zähigkeit idealisiert werden muß und dieses aber zur Praxis stark abweicht, sowie die Druckverteilung senkrecht zur Strömungsrichtung ungleichmäßig ist.With larger pipe diameters, different flow resistances in Form of orifices, nozzles, displacement plates and streamlined bodies in the Pipes installed. The goal of these pipe internals is to create an artificial one To cause pressure increase at or after the flow resistances. Means The pressure difference between the flow resistances is measured Consumption determined. This measuring method has major disadvantages. So considerable pressure losses are generated, which are caused by higher inlet pressures the pipeline must be compensated. According to the measuring method there must be minimum flow velocities, with smaller ones Consumption quantities are not recorded or are recorded far too little. Persist Problems with an exact determination of the consumption measurement, because the Velocity distribution of the flow medium due to its viscosity must be idealized and this differs greatly from practice, as well as the Pressure distribution perpendicular to the flow direction is uneven.

Somit müssen mittels Beiwerten (Einschnürungszahl, Durchflußzahl, Expansionszahl) diese Zustände annähernd beschrieben werden, was entsprechend dem Fehleranteil nur in großen Leitungen mit ständig hohen Durchflußgeschwindigkeiten vertretbar ist.Thus by means of factors (constriction number, flow rate, Expansion number) these states are approximately described what according to the proportion of errors only in large lines with constantly high Flow rates is justifiable.

Entsprechend dieser Problematik kann durch nachfolgend beschriebenen Meßaufbau eine kostengünstigere und genauere Verbrauchsmessung durchgeführt werden. According to this problem can be described below Measurement setup a cheaper and more accurate consumption measurement be performed.  

In einer glatten Rohrleitung, mit waagerechter oder senkrechter Lage, der Querschnittsfläche A und des Durchmessers d werden zwei Drucksensorgen p1 und p2 im Abstand des Leitungsweges s montiert. Die Drucksensoren p1 und p2 verändern entsprechend des momentan anliegenden Druckes ihren inneren elektrischen Widerstand R1 und R2, welche wiederum durch Kopplung einer elektronischen Auswerteeinrichtung die Spannungssignale u1 und u2 am Eingang einer Auswerteschaltung (Differenzverstärker) erzeugen. Wird durch Ventilöffnung eine Strömung mit einer Strömungsgeschwindigkeit v in der Rohrleitung erzeugt, ändern sich die Druckverhältnisse p1 und p2 in Abhängigkeit der Strömungsmenge und des Strömungswiderstandes. Die Beträge der Druckdifferenz Δp=p1-p2 bzw. Δu=u1-u2 sind ein Maß des Durchflusses bzw. der Verbrauchsmenge V, wenn der Strömungswiderstand berücksichtigt wurde. Die Polarität der Spannungsdifferenz läßt die Strömungsrichtung erkennen. Durch zeitgeteilte Bewertung aller n Teilverbräuche Vn innerhalb eines Meßzeitraumes Δtn mit Δtn«t und n<Δtn ergibt ein Maß des GesamtverbrauchesIn a smooth pipeline with a horizontal or vertical position, cross-sectional area A and diameter d, two pressure sensors p1 and p2 are installed at a distance from the line path s. The pressure sensors p1 and p2 change their internal electrical resistance R1 and R2 in accordance with the currently applied pressure, which in turn generate the voltage signals u1 and u2 at the input of an evaluation circuit (differential amplifier) by coupling an electronic evaluation device. If a flow with a flow velocity v is generated in the pipeline through valve opening, the pressure ratios p1 and p2 change depending on the flow quantity and the flow resistance. The amounts of the pressure difference Δp = p1-p2 or Δu = u1-u2 are a measure of the flow or the consumption quantity V if the flow resistance has been taken into account. The polarity of the voltage difference shows the direction of flow. A measurement of the total consumption results from a time-divided evaluation of all n partial consumptions V n within a measurement period Δt n with Δt n «t and n <Δt n

innerhalb der Gesamtverbrauchszeit t. So können folgende Werte bestimmt und ausgegeben werden:within the total consumption time t. The following values can be determined and are output:

Bei der Verbrauchsbestimmung von Gasen ist ein Temperatursensor zu integrieren, wenn die DruckdifferenzA temperature sensor is to be used when determining the consumption of gases integrate when the pressure difference

ist. (Gilt in der Regel nur bei sehr großen Druckhauptleitungen mit großem Durchmesser) χ = Verhältnis der spezifischen Wärme der Gase vom idealen Zustand zum Druckzustand. p₀ = statischer Druck. Es gilt dann:is. (Usually only applies to very large pressure main lines with large diameter) χ = ratio of specific heat of the gases from the ideal state to the pressure state. p₀ = static pressure. The following then applies:

innerhalb der Gesamtverbrauchszeit t und der mittleren Temperaturänderung ΔT.within the total consumption time t and the average temperature change ΔT.

Claims (2)

1. Verfahren und Anordnung zur elektronischen Verbrauchsmessung von Flüssigkeiten oder Gasen in Rohrleitungssystemen, welches dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, daß in einem endlichen glatten Rohrstück gleichen Querschnittes und ohne Abzweig die Druckdifferenz des Strömungsdruckes in Proportionalität zum Strömungswiderstand des durchfließenden Mediums zwischen den 2 Endpunkten des Rohrstückes mittels Drucksensoren ständig gemessen und zeitgeteilt bewertet werden.1. A method and arrangement for the electronic consumption measurement of liquids or gases in piping systems, which is characterized in that in a finite smooth pipe section of the same cross-section and without branch, the pressure difference of the flow pressure in proportion to the flow resistance of the medium flowing through between the 2 end points of the pipe section by means of pressure sensors are constantly measured and evaluated in a time-shared manner. 2. die Verbrauchsmessung nach 1 weiterhin gekennzeichnet ist, daß eine elektronische Auswerteeinrichtung mit den Drucksensoren gekoppelt ist, welche eine elektronische Datenerfassung, -verarbeitung, -ausgabe und/oder Datenübertragung realisiert.2. the consumption measurement according to 1 is still marked, that an electronic evaluation device with the pressure sensors is coupled, which is an electronic data acquisition, processing, - Output and / or data transmission realized.
DE1996135789 1996-09-04 1996-09-04 Electronic system for measuring consumption of liquids or gases in pipe line system Withdrawn DE19635789A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE1996135789 DE19635789A1 (en) 1996-09-04 1996-09-04 Electronic system for measuring consumption of liquids or gases in pipe line system

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE1996135789 DE19635789A1 (en) 1996-09-04 1996-09-04 Electronic system for measuring consumption of liquids or gases in pipe line system

Publications (1)

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DE19635789A1 true DE19635789A1 (en) 1998-03-05

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1999036747A1 (en) * 1998-01-13 1999-07-22 Rosemount Inc. Friction flowmeter
US6151557A (en) * 1998-01-13 2000-11-21 Rosemount Inc. Friction flowmeter with improved software
WO2005095916A1 (en) * 2004-04-02 2005-10-13 Stefan Windisch Method for actively monitoring pipelines

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1999036747A1 (en) * 1998-01-13 1999-07-22 Rosemount Inc. Friction flowmeter
US6151557A (en) * 1998-01-13 2000-11-21 Rosemount Inc. Friction flowmeter with improved software
US6253624B1 (en) 1998-01-13 2001-07-03 Rosemount Inc. Friction flowmeter
WO2005095916A1 (en) * 2004-04-02 2005-10-13 Stefan Windisch Method for actively monitoring pipelines
DE102004016378A1 (en) * 2004-04-02 2005-11-03 Stefan Windisch Method and arrangement for active monitoring of pipelines

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