DE19617592A1 - Fire-resistant plastic laminates - Google Patents

Abstract

Plastic laminates in which at least one layer contains a) one or more synthetic resins selected from the group comprising bitumen, epoxy resins, polyurethanes, polyolefines, silicones, rubber, synthetic thermoplastics, acrylate polymers, vinyl chloride polymers, urea-formaldehyde resins and melamine-formaldehyde resins, and b) an intumescent mixture.

Description

The present invention relates to plastic laminated body, in which at least one layer

• a) one or more synthetic resins selected from the Group consisting of bitumen, epoxy resins, polyurethanes, Acrylate polymers, vinyl chloride polymers, urea Formaldehyde resins and melamine-formaldehyde resins and
• b) contains an intumescent mixture.

Furthermore, the invention relates to bodies containing an art fabric layer body, furthermore plastic layer body or body in the form of a hollow body, in the form of a tube, in shape a film or in the form of a fiber and the use of the Body or plastic layer body as a container, especially as Fuel tank.

Molded plastic articles, such as hollow bodies, films or Fibers are found in all areas of life and displace increasingly the same items that were previously made of metal, glass, Wood, cotton or similar material were produced.

The sometimes flammable nature of the plastics creates one certain disadvantage, especially if potentially incombustible Materials such as glass or metal to be replaced should. However, it is known the flammability of plastics by coating with so-called intumescent masses to reduce.

Intumescent masses, so materials under heat foaming action, thereby forming an insulating foam bil that protects the underlying substrates from fire for example from EP-A-0 106 099, EP-A-688 852 and EP-A-694 574 known.

A disadvantage of these compositions is that their adhesion to polymers, in particular on non-polar polymers, such as polyolefins or Vinyl chloride, often leaves something to be desired. Farther the impact resistance of the intumescent layer is not peaceful, so that these masses after a Schlagbeanspruchung  often tear and detach from the surface to be protected and thus do not constitute a permanently effective fire protection.

Object of the present invention was therefore, this to remedy and in particular fire-resistant plastic body, such as plastic fuel tanks made of polyethylene, for To provide their fire-resistant layer mechanically claimable, especially impact, and is good adhesion.

Accordingly, plastic laminates, with at least one Layer comprising a) one or more synthetic resins selected from the group consisting of bitumen, epoxy resins, poly urethanes, polyolefins, silicones, rubber, synthetic Thermoplastics, acrylate polymers, vinyl chloride polymers, urine substance-formaldehyde resins and melamine-formaldehyde resins and b) a intumescent mixture found. Furthermore, body, ent holding a plastic laminate, still plastic layer body or body in the form of a hollow body, in Shape of a tube, in the form of a foil, or in shape a fiber, as well as the use of the body or plastic layer body as a container, especially found as a fuel tank.

In general, the composite bodies according to the invention can be made from all Synthetic plastics, as used for example in Römpp Chemie Lexikon, 9th ed., Vol. 3, p. 2398 ff, Thieme Verlag (1990). It comes thus Polycondensates, polymers and polyadducts, such as epoxy resins or crosslinked polyurethanes, preferably thermoplastic poly mers, for example polyesters, polyethers, polyether ketones, poly amides and preferably polystyrenes, vinyl chloride polymers and Polyolefins in question. Well suited polyolefins are for example in Ullmann's Encyclopaedia of Industrial Chemistry, 5th Edi tion, Volume A21, pages 488 to 546, VCH 1992. geei Were vinyl chloride polymers and suitable styrene polymers (Polystyrenes) are for example in Saechtling, Kunststoffta book, 23rd edition, pp. 241 ff and pp. 253 ff (1986) described.

Contain preferred plastic laminate according to the invention at least 50% by weight, based on the total weight of the Plastic laminated body according to the invention, a thermoplastic, preferably polyolefin or vinyl chloride polymer, in special PE-HD as defined below or polyvinyl chloride (PVC).  

Preferred polyolefins are homopolymers of ethylene (For example, PE-HD, PE-LD), copolymers of ethylene with C₃- to C₈-alk-1-enes, such as propene, 1-butene, 1-hexene, 1-octene (LLDPE, PE-MD) or copolymers of ethylene with C₃- to C₁₀-α, β-unsaturated carboxylic acids or their derivatives, such as Acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, C₁ to C₁₀ esters of C₃ to C₁₀-α, β-unsaturated carboxylic acids, such as methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, tert-butyl acrylate. Other preferred polyolefins are predominantly isotactic or predominantly syndiotactic Propylene homopolymers, further statistical or Copolymers of propylene and at least one other Comonomers selected from the group consisting of ethylene, C₄- to C₁₀-alk-1-enes, such as 1-butene, 1-hexene, 1-octene, and impact toughened polypropylene (polypropylene block copolymeri sate).

Very particularly preferred polyolefins for the preparation of Kunstsoffschichtkörper invention are homo- and copoly merisate of ethylene with a density measured according to DIN 53479-A in the range of 0.890 to 0.968 g / cm³, preferably in the range of 0.940 to 0.962 g / cc.

Such polyolefins are generally known in the art Polymerization process produced. These are for example the low pressure polymerization processes using Ziegler, Phillips, or Metallocene catalysts and the high polymerization, generally free-radical or else initiated by metallocene catalysts.

Among the vinyl chloride polymers, those are particularly good suitable, which at temperatures below 200 ° C thermoplastic process.

The Kunstsoffschichtkörper invention can under different kind are produced, the manufacturing methodology is generally known to those skilled in the art.

First, a molded plastic body from the described Plastics according to known processing methods, such as Extrusion, blow molding, laminating, are produced. Under Um Stands is a pretreatment of the Kunststofformkörpers durchzu to lead. A pretreatment can z. B. by flaming, by a Corona process, by mechanical pretreatment, such as Roughening or by chemical methods. As a chemical Pre-treatment methods are for example: Halo preparation, primers with coupling agents, treatment with ethylene  Comonomer rubbers, with polyaminoamides, with acrylestercopoly or with polyethyleneimines.

On this body, the intumescent layer, ent holding the components a) and b), by brushing, rolling, Doctoring, spraying - by means of compressed gases or preferably by means of the airless method - or by dipping on the base polymers are applied. On the intumescent layer If necessary, additional layers can then be applied. The mixture of a) and b) becomes intumescent in the following Called mass.

Especially for thermoplastically processable plastics offers itself as another method of creating the intumes layer (s) the usual thermoplastic Ver working methods, such as injection molding, hollow body blowing or preferably the coextrusion of the plastics with the intumes decorating mass of a) and b).

Coextrusion is particularly useful during production regular body, such as pipes, foils or other hollow body with simple geometry. As well suited plastics for the coextrusion are exemplified by the defined poly olefins, in particular the ethylene polymers or the defi called vinyl chloride polymers.

The thickness of the layer (s) in the plastic according to the invention layer bodies, which contains the components a) and b) / ent Hold / lie in the range of 0.05 to 5.0 mm, preferably in the range of 0.2 to 0.6 mm.

The sequential layer structure of the plastic according to the invention layer body is generally not critical and will usually adapted to the requirements.

Preference is given to a two- to five-layer structure in which the a layer of the intumescent with the masses without Traded plastic is formed, on which, if necessary on both sides, a layer of the intumescent mass on ge wear is. Advantageously, the layer of the intumes ornamental mass each with a cover layer of plastic ver will see.

The synthetic resins of component a) in the art of the invention Laminates are known and trade in large part süblich. They can be alone, or in any mixture used, wherein the mixing ratios in  usually not critical. Well suited mixtures of Synthetic resins of component a) are those which contain bitumen. Very suitable mixtures of the synthetic resins of component a) are those that plastisol, as in Saechtling, plastic bags Buch, 23rd Edition, (1986). Most notably preferred is a plastisol with a cold break temperature, ge Measure according to DIN 7748, which are in the range of -40 to + 60 ° C, before preferably from -30 to + 50 ° C.

Suitable bitumen is for example special bitumen and is available under the name Special Tar No. 1 from the company Worl'e chemistry.

Suitable epoxy resin is, for example, polyamidoamine and is available under the name Eurepox® 7001 from the company Schering AG.

Suitable polyurethane resin is, for example, polyisocyanate crosslinking acrylic resin. Suitable isocyanates are, for example aliphatic polyisocyanates and are available under the Designation Desmodur® N from Bayer AG.

Also aqueous systems based on acrylate-styrene copolymers and Polyvinyl acetate dispersions are preferred. Suitable acrylate Styrene copolymers are, for example, aqueous dispersions of a Copolymer based on acrylic acid ester, polyacrylic acid-n-butyl ester, n-butyl acrylate. Suitable dispersions are available under the names Acronal® 81 D, Acronal® DS 3397, Acronal® 290 D from BASF AG.

Suitable polyvinyl acetate dispersions are u. a. for example available under the name Movilith® DCO2, Movilith® DM2H, Movilith® DM2 from Hoechst.

Furthermore, urea-formaldehyde resins, which with Aliphatic alcohols may be etherified as a synthetic resin be used. Suitable products are u. a. available at the name Plastopale®, Luvipale®, Maprenale® from the company BASF.

Also melamine-formaldehyde resins - resins containing aliphatic Alcohols can be etherified are preferably used. Suitable products are u. a. available under the name Ma dutit® HW 150 from Hoechst.  

The latter two resins are predominantly used as an additive used the above-mentioned synthetic resins.

As preferred component a) is used vinyl chloride polymers with a K value, measured according to DIN 7749, in the range from 10 to 100, preferably in the range of 55 to 80. Especially suitable are PVC dispersions in high-boiling solvents with additives of plasticizers, so-called plastisols.

The total content of component a) in the intumescent mass from a) and b) is in the range of 10 to 90 wt .-%, preferably in the range of 40 to 80 wt .-% and in particular in the range of 50 to 70 wt .-%, based on the mixture of a) and b).

The composition of intumescent mixtures b) and the Mechanism of their effect is, in principle, for example EP-A-0 106 099, EP-A-688 852 and EP-A-694 574.

According to current knowledge, it is assumed that out phosphorus nitrogen compounds, which are generally a Component of intumescent mixtures are, in the heat of the Fire phosphoric acid and ammonia develop.

The phosphoric acid then reacts, so it takes to present Note, with organic polyhydroxy compounds, a second component which is more common in intumescent mixtures is included, forming carbon, which then by means of ammonia and nitrogen - these gases evolve current knowledge in the heat of fire from water-insoluble Nitrogen compounds, a third component used in the Usually contained in intumescent mixtures - to one insulating, ceramizing foam is foamed.

Well suited intumescent mixtures according to the invention contained as phosphorus-containing nitrogen compound (s) b1) ammonium, melamine, dimelamine, urea, dicyclodiamide, Carbamide and guanidine phosphates or mixtures thereof. preferred Compounds b1) are ammonium polyphosphates and melamine phosphates or their mixtures.

The content of component b1) in the intumescent mixture b1) to b4) is generally from 2 to 50% by weight, preferably 11 to 40 wt .-%, based on the mixture b1) to b4).

Suitable polyalcohols b2) are glycerol, glycerol products, Trimethylolethane, trimethylolpropane, tetraphenylethyleneglycol, Di-trimethylolpropane, 2,2-dimethylolbutanol, dipentaerythritol,  Tripentaerythritol, EO / PO-trimethylolpropane, EO / PO-pentaerythritol, Sugars, polysaccharides such as starch and cellulose and theirs Mixtures.

Preference is given to glycerol and dipentaerythritol or mixtures thereof.

The content of component b2) in the intumescent mixture b1) to b4) is generally from 2 to 30% by weight, preferably 5 to 18 wt .-%, based on the mixture b1) to b4).

Suitable sparingly soluble in water nitrogen compounds b3) are melamine derivatives such as melamine cyanurates, mela minphosphates, melamine borates and low and high molecular weight poly ethylene imines.

Preference is given to melamine and melamine cyanurate or mixtures thereof.

The content of component b3) in the intumescent mixture b1) to b4) is generally from 2 to 15% by weight, preferably 2 to 10 wt .-%, based on the mixture b1) to b4).

It has proved to be advantageous when the intumes ornamental mixture as component b4) contains additives, like swelling pressure developing substances like expanded graphite, inorganic Hydroxyl-containing fillers such as aluminum hydroxide, Ma gnesiumhydroxyd, calcium hydroxide, calcium carbonate and barium hydroxide, preferably aluminum hydroxide or magnesium hydroxide, plasticizers, thickeners, leveling agents, defoamers, Adhesion promoters and in particular rheological additives.

Further suitable flame retardant additives are, for example, boron compounds such as boric acid, metal borates, aminoborates and boranes, organic halogen compounds, such as highly chlorinated aliphatic Hydrocarbons, aliphatic and aromatic bromine compounds (e.g., hexabromocycdecane) and chloroparaffins, metallocenes, such as Ferrocene, azidodicarboxylic acid diamides, organic phosphorus compounds such as red phosphorus and organic phosphorus compounds, such as chlorine-containing phosphopolyols based on oligo merer phosphoric acid ester.

The sum of the components b4) can in the mixture b1) to b4) to 0 to 20 wt .-%, preferably 0.5 to 5 wt .-%, based on the mixture b1) to b4).

The parts by weight of component which develops swelling pressure and inorganic hydroxyl group-containing filler in the Total mass of component b4) is usually in the range  from 20 to 60% by weight, preferably in the range of from 30 to 50 wt .-%, based on the total mass of component b4).

To formulate the intumescent composition of a) and b) usually the constituents a) and b), preferably a) and b1) to b3) and optionally also b4) with the usual mixture method, for example with dissolvers or planetary mixers mixed.

In the case of the epoxy compounds a) are generally epoxide resin with amine curing agent, if appropriate in the presence of a solution by means of components b1) to b3) and optionally b4) mixed and applied to the plastic body.

In the case of polyurethanes a) are generally polyols with Polyurethanes, optionally in the presence of a solvent mixed with the components b1) to b3) and optionally b4) and applied to the plastic body.

Suitable solvents for these mixtures are, for example aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons, alcohols, aliphatic esters, ie 1-butanol, xylene, butyl acetate. Acrylate-styrene copolymers are generally called aqueous Dispersion and with the remaining components b1) to b3) mixed and applied to the molding.

Particularly suitable intumescent compositions contain Component a) Plastisol, as already defined, as a component b1) ammonium phosphate, as component b2) dipentaerythritol, as Component b3) dicyandiamide and as component b4) expandable graphite and aluminum hydroxide.

The plastic layer bodies according to the invention can be a component of bodies that are not just made of plastic. So the plastic layer body according to the invention body can cover other materials, such as metal, glass or wood and thus a fire-resistant cover layer, cover layers or a form fire-resistant intermediate layer or intermediate layers.

The production of such body is usually done with the known coating methods such as brushing, rolling, doctoring, Spraying - by means of compressed gases or preferably by means of airless Method - laminating, laminating, gluing or immersion method, preferably by spraying or dipping. After Coating can be applied an additional protective layer who the, for example, a shrink film.  

The plastic layer body or body according to the invention are suitable especially good as fire-resistant hollow bodies, such as containers, in particular, the plastic layer according to the invention are suitable body as fire-proof plastic fuel tank. These are usually made of high density polyethylene (PE-HD) in the Blow molding process and then with the intumescent Treated masses from a) and b).

Particularly suitable intumescent compositions for this purpose as component a) plastisol, as already defined, as a compo b1) ammonium phosphate, as component b2) dipentaerythritol, as component b3) dicyandiamide and as component b4) blowing graphite and aluminum hydroxide.

The plastic fuel containers thus treated are problematic go on the fire test, in accordance with the UN ECE Regula Agreement tion no. 34 Annex 5.

Furthermore, the plastic layer according to the invention are suitable body and body as fire-resistant pipes, in particular as Line system can be used in fire extinguishing systems. The plastic layer body or body according to the invention can also advantageous as channels, in particular as cable channels, cables sheathing, cable insulation or fire-resistant Bo flooring, in particular PVC floor coverings.

The treatment of plastic fibers with the intumescent Compositions from a) and b), for example by dipping the fibers in liquid masses from a) and b), leads to fire-protected art fabric fibers with a composition of the invention, then as usual to be processed into fabrics or nonwovens can.

The composite body according to the invention, in particular those with Polyurethanes as a base polymer which a layer of a) and b), as fire-resistant seating, for example Seats can be used in movie theaters, train wagons or planes.

Examples

The effectiveness of nine different intumescent masses was shown in fire tests with plastic canisters. Furthermore, the mechanical and chemical resistance of Hollow bodies and plates, which with intumes according to the invention equipped masses, tested.  

The intumescent masses are tabulated at the end described.

A) Fire tests with PE-HD canisters

The fire protection test with HDPE canisters became analog UN-Agreement ECE-Regulation no. 34, Annex 5 performed.

In a steel fire pan (300 mm × 260 mm × 40 mm) was a Holder for 5 l plastic canisters of dimensions 245 mm × 200 mm × 250 mm, with the distance of the holder to the Fire tank floor was 160 mm.

The test specimen to be fired was in each case a commercial one 5 l PE HD canister (above dimension). On this canister was in each case, by means of airless spraying technique, one of the nine different intumescent masses (for composition see table on End) applied. (For Examples 3, 5, 8 and 9, Kani after drying for 10 min at 110 ° C, the rest Canisters were dried overnight at 20 ° C). The order quantity corresponded to a wet weight of about 400 g / m² (see Table 1). When Comparison served a PE-HD canister, not with an intumes equipped mass.

After the intumescent mass was applied, the Canister filled with 2.5 l of water and in the already described Mounted.

Thereafter, 250 ml of unleaded regular gasoline were in the fire ignited pan and left to burn for 180 seconds, taking it the test canister flamed.

Uncoated plastic canisters were already after 80 seconds burst or partially inflamed, whereas all, with Kani equipped with the intumescent compositions according to the invention ster, the fire protection test easily survived and no Un have densities. In addition, no fire-supporting Effect of coating found (self extinguishing).

Table 1

Flame tests 1 to 9

B) mechanical and chemical resistance tests B1) outdoor weathering

One of the intumescent masses 1 to 9 was each, as described above, on a PE-HD plate from Lupolen 4261 A. (300 mm × 300 mm × 3 mm) sprayed and in the case of Plasti sol coating (Examples 3, 5, 8 and 9) gelled. (200 to 400 g fire protection mixture / m², wet).

The treated panels were the outdoor weathering at Temperatures range from -10 to + 20 ° C for four months exposed or at -20 ° C for three months in the freezer preserved.

As a comparison, a coating composition was after EP-A 0 106 099, Example 2 to a device as described above Placed HD-HD plate and the treated plate just if the outdoor weathering at temperatures in the range of -10 to + 20 ° C for four months or three at -20 ° C Kept for months in the freezer.

In 14 days distance were over a period of 4 or 3 months bending tests performed. For this purpose, the be layered PE-HD panels over an edge at an angle of 90 ° ten times kinked.

The coatings of the invention with the intumes ornamental masses 1 to 9 equipped plates remained sticking and flexible. There were no cracks or embrittlement detected. Especially good were the PVC-containing intumes ornamental masses 3, 5, 8 and 9.

The coating according to EP-A 0 106 099, however, embrittled, showed cracks at the latest after fourteen days, flaked off and broke after the first bending test.

B2) abrasion resistance according to DIN 53778

As described under B1) were PE-HD plates with the intumescent compositions according to the invention 1 to 9 or with the Fire protection mixture from EP-A 0 106 099, Example 2, coated.

The thus treated plates became wet and dry after DIN 53778-A (Gardner) brushed and visually inspected. With the intumescent compositions 1 to 9 according to the invention Equipped plates were practically unaffected, especially good Again, mixtures 3, 5, 8 and 9 were compared showed that with the fire-resistant mixture of EP-A 0 106 099, at play 2 equipped plate strong scrub traces and partial Peel off the layer.

B3) Chemical resistance B3a) Permeation test according to ECE-R No. 34/5

300 ml bottles of PE-HD were prepared as described under A), coated with the intumescent compound 5 (400 g / m²). The Bottles were filled with test fuel; MO (Haltermann CEC- RF-08-A-85) and tested according to ECE / R No. 34/5. The be Layered bottles met the testing requirements.

B3b) Resistance to wash solutions based on DIN 53778

As described under B1) were PE-HD plates with the intumescent compositions 1 to 9 or the invention Mixture of EP-A 0 106 099, Example 2 coated (300 bis 400 g / m²).

These panels were used with a "weathering" four months through an aqueous wash solution (0.25% sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate) cyclized, wherein the wheel of a Diameter of 2 m with 12 turns / h turned. in this connection the plates were irradiated with UV light.

The coatings of the intumescent according to the invention Masses 1 to 9 proved to be resistant, excellent to Er Results showed the mixtures 3, 5, 8 and 9. The Beschich tion according to EP-A 0 106 099, Example 2, was after seven days completely peeled off.

B3c) Resistance to fuels and solvents

As described under B1) were PE-HD plates, now all recently with the dimensions 150 mm × 150 mm × 3 mm, with the coated intumescent masses 1 to 9 according to the invention (350 g / m²). They were then in with the coated side in  the following fuels or solvents dipped, covered and left for seven days.

Normal unleaded petrol ROZ95 DIN EN 228
Super unleaded petrol ROZ95 DIN EN 228
Diesel DIN EN 590
methanol
ethanol
acetone
Glycol.

The coatings showed no peeling and no peeling solution.

B4) Tests on art coated with intumescent compound fuel tanks (KKB)

KKB from Lupolen 4261® A from BASF Aktiengesellschaft as described under A) with the intumescent mass 5 coated (400 g / m²) and by means of various test method tested.

B4a) Pendulum impact test to ECE-R No. 34/5 at -40 ° C ± 2 ° C

The pendulum impact test according to ECE-R No. 34, Annex 5 was included -40 ° C ± 2 ° C; cited.

The KKB met the test requirements of the pendulum impact tests in full. There was no peeling off the Beschich determined at the points of impact.

B4b) Cold drop test at -40 ° C ± 2 ° C

This test represents a rear-end collision with a Geschwin after 50 km / h. The tank (half filled with a Glycol-water mixture) was brought to a height of 6 m, triggered and fell in free fall on a concrete slab.

In total, 6 case tests were carried out in different ways damaged areas.

The coated tank met the requirements of the drop test. The coating had no negative influence on the mecha nical properties of the Lupole® plastic. The KKB remained tight, no leakage was observed.

Placement of the intumescent masses 1 to 9

(All% data mean wt .-% based on the total weight of respective mass).

example 1 Epoxy resin bitumen-based

Epoxy resin, epoxy value 0.2-0.0225, hydroxide value approx. 0.23 Eurepox® 7001 (Schering AG) | 31.00% Aluminum hydroxide, Apyral® 25, (VAW-Vereinte Aluminum-Werke AG) 6.50% Expandable graphite, expandable natural graphite, C-content <95%, blowing volume 200 cm³ / g 6.85% (LUH-Georg Luh GmbH, D-65396 Walluf) @ dipentaerythritol 1.05% melamine 0.16% ammonium polyphosphate 0.39% xylene 14.05% Bitumen, Special Tar No. 1 (Worl'e-Chemie, Hamburg) 20.00% Polyamine hardener, polyamidoamide adduct, Euredur® 423 (Schering AG) 20.00%

Example 2

Polyisocyanate crosslinking acrylic resin, hydroxide value approx. 4.5% Synthalat® A150 (Synthopol-Chemie) | 28.00% butyl 12.00% ammonium polyphosphate 2.97% dipentaerythritol 1.80% Melamine-formaldehyde resin, Madurit® MW150 (Hoechst AG) 2.25% melamine 1.98%   Expandable graphite, expandable natural graphite, C content <95%, blowing volume 200 cm³ / g 9.00% (LUH-Georg Luh GmbH) @ Bitumen, special tar No. 1 (Worl'e-Chemie) 22.00% Aliphatic polyisocyanate, isocyanate content approx. 75% Desmodur® N, (Bayer AG) 20.00%

Example 3 PVC bitumen base

Phosphate ester, tricresyl phosphate, Disflammol® TKP (Bayer AG) | 15.00% Bitumen, Epicom® S (Raschig GmbH, Ludwigshafen 7.50% aluminum hydroxide 39.34 zinc borate 1.06% Expanded graphite, (expandable natural graphite, C content <95%, swelling volume 190-200 cm3 / g, Expran-C-MBS (Tropag, O. Ritter Nachf. GmbH) 14.60% PVC resin, Vinnolit® P4472 (Vinnolit Kunststoff GmbH) 22.50%

Example 4 Acrylic resin-based (bitumen-free)

Polyisocyanate crosslinking acrylic resin, hydroxide content approx. 4.5% Synthalat® A150 (Synthopol-Chemie) | 30.00% ammonium polyphosphate 3.30% dipentaerythritol 2.20% Melamine-formaldehyde resin, Madurit® MW150 (Hoechst AG) 2.50% melamine 2.20% Expandable graphite, expandable natural graphite, C content <95%, blowing volume approx. 200 cm³ / g 10.00% (LUH-Georg Luh GmbH)  @ Aliphatic polyisocyanate, isocyanate content approx. 75% Desmodur® N, (Bayer AG) 30.00% Solvesso® (Exxon Chemicals GmbH) 19.80%

Example 5 PVC-based (bitumen-free)

Tricresyl phosphate, Disflammol® TKP (Bayer AG) | 22,50% aluminum hydroxide 41.34% zinc borate 1.06% Expandable graphite, expandable natural graphite, C content <95%, blowing volume approx. 200 cm³ / g 10.60% (LUH-Georg Luh GmbH) @ PVC resin, Vinnolit® P4472, (Vinnolit-Kunststoff GmbH) 24.50%

Example 6 Aqueous base, acrylate dispersion

N-butyl acrylate / styrene copolymer, Acronal® 290D (BASF AG) | 15.00% water 36.40% Thickener, fumed, amorphous silica, Aerosil® 200 (Degussa) 0.30% Wetting agent, ethoxylated alkylphenol, Lutensol® AP9 (BASF AG) 0.30% ammonium polyphosphate 10.25% dipentaerythritol 6.00% melamine 6.75% Expandable graphite, expandable natural graphite, C-content <95%, blowing volume 200 cm³ / g 25.00% (LUH-Georg Luh GmbH)

Example 7 Aqueous base, polyvinyl acetate dispersion

Polyvinyl acetate, Mowilith® DW460F (Hoechst AG) | 14,60% Phosphoric acid partial ester, Budit® 380 (Chemische Fabrik Budenheim) 45.70% Melamine-formaldehyde resin, Madurit® MW150 (Hoechst AG) 30.20% Ca (CO₃) 2.70% Expanded graphite, expandable natural graphite, C content <95%, expansion volume 190-200 cm³ / g, Expan-C-MBS (Tropag, O. Ritter Nachf. GmbH) 4.60% Polysaccharide thickener, Kelzan® S (Lanco, D-27721 Ritterhude-Ihlpohl) 0.50% Wetting agent, ethoxylated alkylphenol, Intrasol® NP9 (Degussa) 0.80% Polysiloxane defoamer Byk® 033 (Byk-Chemie) 0.90%

Example 8 PVC resin base (bitumen-free), low temperature

Phthalate softener, Palatinol® 911 (BASF AG) | 25.00% ammonium polyphosphate 13.50% dipentaerythritol 8.00% Melamine-formaldehyde resin, Madurit® MW150 (Hoechst AG) 10.00% melamine 8.50% Expandable graphite, expandable natural graphite, C content <95%, blowing volume approx. 200 cm³ / g 10.00% (LUH-Georg Luh GmbH) @ PVC resin, Vinolit® D 4472 (Vinolith-Kunststoff GmbH) 25.00%

Example 9 PVC resin base (bitumen-free, expandable graphite-free), low cold temperature door

Di-2-ethylhexadipate, DOA (BASF AG) | 30.00%   ammonium polyphosphate 13.20% dipentaerythritol 8.00% Melamine-formaldehyde resin, Madurit® MW150 (Hoechst AG) 10.00% melamine 8.80% PVC resin, Vinolit® D 4472 (Vinolith-Kunststoff GmbH) 30.00%

Claims (12)

1. plastic laminated body, in which at least one layer

• a) one or more synthetic resins selected from the group consisting of bitumen, epoxy resins, polyurethanes, polyolefins, silicones, rubber, synthetic thermoplastics, acrylate polymers, vinyl chloride polymers, urea-formaldehyde resins and melamine-formaldehyde resins and
• b) an intumescent mixture

contains. 2. Plastic laminated body according to claim 1, wherein the compo a) is a plastisol. 3. Plastic laminated body according to claims 1 or 2, wherein the component b)

• b1) a phosphorus-containing nitrogen compound,
• b2) a polyalcohol,
• b3) a sparingly soluble in water nitrogen compound and
• b4) optionally further additives

contains. 4. body containing a plastic layer body after the Claims 1 to 3. 5. plastic laminated body or body according to claims 1 to 4 in the form of a hollow body. 6. plastic laminated body or body according to claims 1 to 4 in the form of a tube. 7. plastic laminated body or body according to claims 1 to 4 in the form of a film. 8. plastic laminated body or body according to claims 1 to 4 in the form of a fiber.   9. Use of the body or plastic layer body according to the Claims 1 to 5 as a container. 10. Use of the plastic layer body according to claims 1 to 3 as a fuel tank.