DE1961407C - Method for feeding tobacco under simultaneous compression to a processing device and device for carrying out the method for dividing portions of the same weight from a tobacco rod - Google Patents

Description

1 2

The invention is based on a known device for further part of the invention

drive for feeding tobacco while simultaneously dividing portions of the same weight from one

Compression to a processing device, in the case of tobacco rod, which consists of a feed channel and

that of the initially formed tobacco rod during a dividing channel, means for conveying the tobacco Multiple axial conveyance as well as in conveying 5 strands as well as 7th for measuring, dividing and ejecting

direction one after the other transversely to the conveying direction of the portions to be divided,

is sealed and thereby continuously in its cross-section. The object of the invention is to provide a

is reduced. Method and a device with significantly higher

Such a method is implemented with a higher output compared to the device according to the adjustable tobacco extruder with rollers and tobacco ίο the older German patent 1511518 for winding discharge tape for cigarette machines. At the same time, a great accuracy in German patent specification 413 490. In this known reference to the correct, ie completely uniform density. Tobacco extruder will be tobacco while being obtainable while maintaining the possibility. Compaction to a cigarette machine, that is, to portions of the same weight of the tobacco rod of a processing device. Here the 15 is to be separated without the tobacco rod initially formed being subjected to excessive compression during its formation, and the tobacco must also be treated as gently as possible several times axially and in the conveying direction behind the tobacco rod,
condensed each other transversely to the conveying direction and thereby continuously reduced in cross-section to solve the underlying of the invention by an- Task it is necessary that the inventive method is carried out in such a way that the position of Tobacco strands of any thickness and compression over a shape pointing in the conveying direction (round or oval) four rows of equal size, as a stretch and at the same time distributed over 360 ° equal idle rollers in pairs, is moderately effective, the compression cross-section tobacco conveying direction being arranged at a distance, alternating is enlarged and reduced, namely two rows of vertical and two as with the tobacco rod following the rows of perpendicularly stored, horizontal compression path in the conveying direction by pressure rollers, the vertical and horizontal air flow being compressed axially, which R alternate pairs of roles in the opposite direction. The roller cycle for increasing and reducing the cross-section is set on levers at £, 2bracL ·., Which are turned on and off.

are adjustable to each other. The roles have at 30. The aforementioned features make it he-tobacco enema larger and after the T, ibakauslauf possible, the performance of the device according to the Older German Patent 1 511 518 is essentially to be measured in the direction of evenly decreasing smaller diameters with oval outer running surface. The known heights and still a high level of accuracy The device is not suitable for moving a tobacco rod onto the correct, i.e. H. to achieve uniform density, to produce constant density. 35 The device for carrying out dta invention

It is further from the German patent specification according to the method is thereby according to the invention 413 602 designed a machine for guiding packaging in such a way that the feed channel zuit Known tobacco in which the tobacco consists of at least one section (zone) is elastic, Tobacco spreader arrives on a conveyor belt which is designed to be radially variable in cross section the tobacco in cooperation with lateral end 40 and that adjoining the feed channel a ringless Ribbons and from above in the channel thus formed nozzle is provided, intermittently engaging in conveying Press rolls or press belts act in one direction, with their cycle of action running in opposite directions forms continuous tobacco rod, which is profiled in accordance with the cycle of the narrowing of the cross-section of the feed and can be controlled concentrically on a channel in steps.

channel chambers arranged rotating drum 45 The device according to the invention allows that is, with a cutting knife that is divided into a channel compartments of portions of the same weight of one Chamber is separated from the strand piece, which later tobacco rod while ensuring a large Precision a plunger out of the chamber into the position in relation to the uniform density of the package is pushed. This device also divides portions at high output. The tobacco does not allow the production of a tobacco rod 50 is treated very gently here. The long-match Density. In addition, it is not possible if the tobacco is fibrous because it is not destroyed changing consistency of the tobacco, e.g. B. avoided in relation to unnecessary mechanical stress on its moisture. Servings of equal weight will be. Even so, the tobacco does not get too high to divide. Compression. In this context it is too

The object of the earlier patent 1 511 518 is also advantageous 55 to carry out the process in this way.

a method and a device for dividing lead that the tobacco rod at least in the feed

of portions of the same weight from a tobacco duct through vertical guidance from above

strand in a compartment channel, which the tobacco rod is conveyed down under its weight. This

is supplied via a feed channel. This contributes to the gentle treatment of tobacco

Means for conveying the tobacco rod and for 60 and for achieving a uniform density

Measuring, dividing and ejecting the possibility of dividing portions of the same weight

Portions available. The device allows por- tions.

functions of the tobacco rod with exactly the same weight to be divided off, whereby they do not have too high a compression rate of the invention with advantage in the way have and also a uniform density 65 that the 2'.uführkanal several in a row to have. The strand conveying device used in this case is a connected, elastic device with a radial cross-section Gripper that has changeable sections (zones) in the feeder or compartment. Here are canal ewiasscn. With this in mind, one concerns the elastic parts (zones) to their radial ones

Cross section can be exposed to a pressure change, whereby to generate the pressure changes influencing the elastic sections (zones) Serves negative pressure alternating with atmospheric pressure. Another suggestion is also advantageous in this respect of the invention, according to which the elastic sections ■; Zones) in fjords iditung a cross-sectional connection exhibit.

The aforementioned features make it possible, in an optimal and simple manner, to implement the inventive concept Procedure to carry out.

According to a further proposal of the invention, it is provided that the sections (zones) consist of one ■ I.sten housing consist, which is inside with a . tubular, elastic cuff is lined, the ends of which are sealed with the housing is connected, wherein a pressure medium can be fed between the housing and the cuff. The cuff can advantageously have increasing wall thickness in the conveying direction. This training the sections (zones) is structurally simple and relatively cheap to manufacture and nevertheless highly effective. There is also a simple possibility of repairing a part becomes defective.

According to a further proposal of the invention it is provided that as a means for measuring the weight . Serving ler portions to be divided in known Heise measuring springs, those on the end measuring corner Additional measuring springs which can be adjusted in their effect are assigned preferably by means of adjusting rings. In this way, a very precise measurement of the weight of the portions to be divided is achieved, in particular the density of the portions can be regulated.

The further suggestion of the invention is also advantageous, after which the compartment channel can be closed by pivotable fingers on the bottom the measuring springs and additional measuring springs act on Compartment channel are arranged vertically displaceable carriages, with the fingers in the closed position are provided just below the middle for dividing the portions.

This means that the measuring time can be significantly shortened because the tobacco rod immediately after the previously divided portions have been ejected, d. H. without one that matters time interval initiates the next measurement process. This is also a proposal of the invention advantageous, after which a switch adjustable in height on the compartment channel can be actuated by the slide is. This allows the volume of the portions to be divided off to be regulated in a simple manner.

Another proposal of the invention is advantageous, according to which as a means for dividing the Serving portions of two plate knives that can be pushed in opposite directions in the dividing channel are straight Cutting edges are drawn in symmetrically from the two outer sides towards the center of the plate.

This has the advantage that the tobacco rod at its cutting point evenly to The center is reduced and compressed, thereby increasing its smooth cutting ability.

Also advantageous is the inventive proposal that pretensioned on the surfaces of the flattener Scrapers are provided, the scraping edges of which are adapted to the shape of the cutting edges of the plate knife

The pretensioning of the scraper ensures that the plate knives over their entire surface be properly freed of tobacco residues each time it is pulled out of the compartment channel. The invention can be carried out in various ways. She will be based on one in the drawing illustrated embodiment, namely shows

F i g. 1 shows a longitudinal section through the device, ίο F i g. 2 shows a section along line H-II in FIG. 1,

F i g. 3 shows a section along line III-III in FIG. 1,

F i g. 4 is a perspective view of the cutting knives with their scrapers.

The reference symbols mean:

10 servings

11 tobacco rod

12 feed channel

ao 12, section (zone) of

12, section (zone) of

12 ₃ section (zone) of

12j 'housing from

_a5 12 / housing from

12 ₃ 'housing of

12, "cuff

12 ₂ "cuff

12 ₃ "cuff

13 compartment channel

14 Direction of conveyance (arrow)

15 hole

16 manifold

17 pressure lines

18 atmospheric pressure

18 a negative pressure (vacuum)

19 slider

20 drive element for slide

21 pressure transducers

22 ring nozzle

23 measuring springs

24 final measuring section

25 additional measuring springs

26 pivotable fingers l ~ i sled

27, top plate of the slide

27 ₂ lower plate of the slide

27 ₃ connecting rods of the slide 28 tensioning device for measuring spring

30 plate knives

31 cutting edges

32 scrapers

33 scraping edges

34 Stelirin? for additional measuring spring

35 console

36 Actuator for plate knives

37 spindles

38 Gear and chain drive 39 Hand crank

40 plate

41 locking lever

42 Drive element for locking lever 41

43 waves for fingers 26

44 Torsion springs for shafts 43

45 levers

46 Tension spring for lever 45

47 Drive element for lever 45

48 Locking arms for shafts 43 with fingers 26

49 ring channel

50 conveyor device for portions 10

51 arm

52 roll M engine

51 electrical switch

511 electrical switch

5III electrical switch

The device for dividing portions 10 of the same weight from a tobacco rod 11 has, in a known manner, a feed channel 12 to which a dividing channel 13 adjoins in the rod conveying direction 14 (arrow). The feed channel 12 is at least in the area of a portion (zone) 12, 12, 12, elastic in cross-section, radially variable. The feed channel 12 can advantageously, as shown in the drawing, have a plurality of elastic, radially variable sections (zones) connected in series, for example three, namely 12 ₁ , 12 2, I2 _a . The number of sections can vary depending on specific requirements.

As shown in the drawing F i g. 1, the elastic sections (zones) 12, 12 ₂ , 12 ₃ are provided with a different inner cross-section in the strand conveying direction 14 (arrow), namely they have a cross-sectional reduction in the strand conveying direction. The elastic parts (zones) 12, 12 ₂ . 12, can be subjected to a pressure change in order to change their radial cross-section, for example by alternately subjecting them to atmospheric pressure 18 of 1 ata and negative pressure (vacuum) 18a of 0.2 ata.

The sections (zones) 12 ,, 12 ₂ , 12 _? each advantageously consist of a fixed housing 12, ', 12 /, 12,' which is lined on the inside with a tubular elastic cuff 12, ". 12 ₂ ", 12 ₃ ". The ends of the cuff seal with the housing. intermediate housing and cuff through a bore 15 of the housing, a pressure medium, for example to-air or discharged. This is done in such a way that the bores 15, a manifold 16 is repairman, is. alternately via pressure lines 17 to a Vacuum 18a and atmospheric pressure 18 can be brought into connection with the aid of a slide 19. The slide 19 is actuated by a drive element 20.

A pressure transducer 21 for actuating an electrical switch 5 III is connected to the collecting line 16.

The pieces 12 ,. 12 ₂ . 12., can also be designed in such a way that their sleeve 12, ". 12,". 12., "have an increasing wall thickness in the strand conveying direction 14 (arrow). This can also achieve that the tobacco rod 11 is increasingly compressed radially in the conveying direction .

The dividing channel 13 has an annular chamber 22 at its upper end, via which compressed air can be fed into it in the strand conveying direction 14 (arrow).

The means for measuring the weight of the portions 10 to be divided are measuring springs 23, to which additional measuring springs 25 are assigned on the end measuring section 24. The dividing channel 13 can be closed at the bottom by pivotable fingers 26. These pivotable fingers 26 are arranged on a carriage 27, consisting of an upper plate 27, a lower plate 27 ₄ and connecting rods 27, which is attached to the compartment

channel 13 is adjustable in height. The measuring springs 23 grip on the one hand on the top plate 27, des Slide 27 and on the other hand to clamping device 28. The additional measuring springs 25 are on one of the Height according to adjustable plate 40 in turn each arranged to be adjustable in height by means of adjusting ring 34. In this way, the pivotable fingers 26 can both on the measuring springs 23 as well as acting on the additional measuring springs 25, since when the slide 27 is moved downwards

as its upper plateau! 27, also on the additional measuring springs 25 engages in the area of the final measuring section 24 (shown in phantom).

The fingers 26 are in the closed position just below the means for dividing the portions 10 in front. seen. Two plate knives 30 which can be inserted into the dividing channel 13 in opposite directions serve as the means for dividing the portions 10.

As can be seen from Fig. 4, the cutting edges 31 of the plate knife 30 are each of the

Outer sides drawn in symmetrically towards the center of the panel. On both Oberflärn rW Ptattenme «cr

30 pre-tensioned scrapers 32 are provided in each case, their scraping edges 33 of the shape of the cutting edges

31 of the plate knife 30 are adapted.

The dividing channel 13 is designed to widen conically downwards in the strand conveying direction 14 (arrow).

The compartment channel 13 also carries a bracket 35 fixedly arranged on it. The plate knives 30 with their actuating members 36 are fastened to this.

In addition, spindles 37 are rotatably mounted on the bracket 35, which can be driven by a hand crank 39 or a motor M via a combined gear and chain drive 38. The spindles 37 carry a plate 40 that is adjustable in height from the inside.

An electrical switch S II is provided on this plate 40 and is actuated by the top plate 27 of the carriage 27. Furthermore, a locking lever 41 with a drive member 42 is mounted on the plate 40 for locking

the top plate 27, the carriage 27 in their stroke " The lower end position shown in dotted lines during the separating and ejecting process of the portions 10. In addition, the additional springs 25 are mounted on the plate 40 as described above.

By adjusting the height of the plate 40 is de! Triggering time of switch 511 and thus the measuring path changed. This allows the volume of the portions 10 to be regulated. By adjusting the adjusting rings 34, the position of the additional measuring springs 25 relative to the switch 5 II is changed and thus their effect on the final measuring section 24. Here, the density of the portions 10 is regulated. The top plate 27 of the carriage 27 actuates a fes

T) LK

arranged electrical switch .Vl in their upper Position.

The fingers 26 are pivotably mounted on the circuit board 27 of the slide 27 by means of shafts 43. The shafts 43 are each under tension by a spring 44, which tends to bring the fingers 26 into a vertical OI position (dash-dotted line in FIG. 1).

In the extended closed position (Fig I) the Fingers 26 these are locked via their locking arms 48 by a lever 45 which is under tension a tension spring 46 is pulled into its locking position.

To F.ntarretierung the lever 45 is pivoted by means of a drive member 47 so that the to the Shafts 43 arranged locking arms 48 are released. The shafts 43 with fingers 26 are The fingers 26 are then pivoted into the open position under the action of the torsion springs 44.

I'below the plate knife 30 can compressed air through an annular channel 49 for ejecting the Portions 10 are supplied which, for example, fall onto a conveyor 50.

The shafts 43 have an arm 51 protruding outside of the Abieilkanals 13 with a roller 52 cooperates.

The mode of operation of the device is as follows: The tobacco rank 11 is attached to the feed channel from above 12 fed in the direction of arrow 14. The plate knives 30 are in the extended position, d. H. outside of the compartment channel 13. The sections 12,. 12.,. 12., of the feed channel 12 are alternating 1 ata or a vacuum of 0.2 ata is applied by moving the slide 19. she increasingly compress the tobacco rod 11 radially in the conveying direction. In continuous operation supply channel 12 and compartment channel 13 are completely filled with tobacco. The tobacco rod 11 pushes itself with its front face against the protruding into the compartment channel 13, located in the closed position Finger 26 and presses this and thus the carriage 27 downwards.

The downward displacement of the tobacco rod 11 in the section channel 13 takes place under the action of compressed air which is supplied via the annular chamber 22. The supply of compressed air takes place at the moment when atmospheric pressure 18 the cuffs 12, ". 12,". 12., "of the oil pieces (zones) 12, 12, 12. acted upon, so that the supply channel 12 is hermetically sealed at the top. The compressed air supplied via the channel 22 can only enter the tobacco rod 11 downwards In the further advance of the tobacco rod 11 in the compartment channel 13, the finishers 26 and thus the slide 27. The top plate 27 of the slide 27 first tensioned the measuring springs 23 and then on the measuring stretch 24 also the additional measuring springs 25 The switch .VII is actuated by the upper plate 27 at the end of the end measuring section 24. The fingers 2d are now in the lower Mriehpunkiierlen closed position At the same time, the upper plate 27 of the slide 27 is locked by the locking lever 41. In addition, the locking element 47 of the Ik Ki 4 5 vcrscliwciikt and dami! the linger 26 released, the OITenposition shown vertically in dash-dotted lines in clic can be pivoted under the action of the rotary springs 44 (FIG. I).

Compressed air is also supplied via the ring channel at the same time 4M below the closed plate knife 30 introduced into the dividing channel 13, which acts from above on the divided portion 10 and accelerates it ropes down. In addition, the compressed air that is at the beginning of the compartment channel 13 via the

ίο Annular chamber 22 is supplied, turned off.

The switch .VII can also be used to apply a vacuum to the cuffs 12, ", 12 ₂ ", 12., ".

At this point in time, the locking lever 41 is also unlocked with a time delay, with the result that the measuring springs 23 pull the slide 27 upwards. To accelerate the return of the carriage 27 in the upper position the clamping devices 28 are also actuated at the same time. These can for example each consist of a piston structure,

ao that leads upwards and thus also the measuring springs 23 tensioned, so that this accelerated pulling the carriage 27 into the upper starting position.

When the slide 27 is pulled up, the arms 51 of the shafts 43 run onto the rollers 52 and to this off. whereby the fingers 26 inevitably oppose it the action of the torsion springs 44 can be pivoted into the horizontal closed position. In this they are locked by the lever 45 under the action of its tension spring 46. The lever 45 was previously released by the drive member 47.

In the upper position of the carriage 27 operates its top plate 27, the switch M, whereby the Tensioning devices 28 are released so that the measuring springs 23 receive their normal tension again. The S "I switch also sets the Annular channel 49 supplied blown air.

The switch .VIII, which is operated by the pressure transmitter 21 is released at the moment of exposure to the cuffs 12, ". 12.,", 12, "with atmospheres pressure 18 from the compressed air supplied via the annular chamber 22.

Claims (15)

Patent claims: 1. Method for feeding tobacco with simultaneous compression to a processing facility device in which the initially formed tobacco rod during its promotion mehrfacl ax ^; al as well as in the conveying direction one behind the other quc to the conveying direction and thereby ii its cross-section is continuously reduced, as characterized in that the compaction is distributed over a stretch pointing in the conveying direction and at the same time over 3 (M) uniformly effective. where the compression cross-line is alternately increased and decreased uiii where further the tobacco rod adjoining the compression section compresses axially in the conveying direction by means of the compressed air flow! which ir counter clock to enlarge the cross section in - Reduction is switched on and off. 2. The method according to claim i. characterized in that the tobacco rod is conveyed at least with its feed channel by being guided vertically from obc downwards under its own weight. 3. Device for performing de - \ erfal rens according to claim 1 oiler 2 for separating ν η portions equal (iewichtcs from a labal 209 617'39C ? 7th ίο strand, which consists of a supply channel and an Ahtcilkanal. Means for conveying the tobacco rod as well as for measuring. Dividing and ejecting the portions to be divided consists, thereby characterized in that the feed channel (12) at least in the area of a section (zone: 12 ,, 12 ... 12.,) elastic, radially variable in cross-section, is formed and that an annular nozzle (22) is provided subsequently to the Ziiführkanal (12) is that intermittently in funding direction acts, with its cycle of action running in the opposite direction to the cycle of the narrowing of the cross-section of the feed channel (12) is controllable. 4. Apparatus according to claim 3, characterized in that the feed channel (12) has several one behind the other, elastic, radially variable sections (zones; 12 ,, 12 "12.,). 5. Apparatus according to claim 3 and 4, characterized in that the elastic sections (Zones; 12 ,, 12. ,, 12.,) to their radial cross-section change a pressure change are suspendable. 6. Apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that for generating the elastic see Sections (zones; 12 ,, 12. ,, 12,) influencing Pressure change underpressure alternates with atmospheric pressure. 7. Device according to one or more of claims 4 to 6, characterized in that the elastic sections (zones; 12 ,, 12. ,, 12,) have a cross-sectional reduction in the conveying direction (14) exhibit. 8. Voiiichtung according to one or more of claims 3 to 7, characterized in that the parts (zones; 12 ,, 12 _ä , 12 ₃ ) consist of a solid housing (12, ', 12 ₂ \ 12 ₃ '), which is lined on the inside with a tubular, elastic cuff (12, ", 12 / ', 12.,"), the ends of which are sealingly connected to the housing (12,', 12., ', 12.,') is, wherein between the housing (12, 12 /, 12., ') and sleeve (12, ", 12,", 12, ") a pressure medium can be fed. ⁽ ). Device according to claim 8, characterized in that the sleeve (12, ". 12.,", 12., ") has increasing wall thickness in the conveying direction (14). If). Device according to one or more of Claims 3 to 9, characterized in that as a means for measuring the weight of the portions (10) to be divided in known per se Way measuring springs (23) are used, which are adjustable in their effect on the final measuring section (24) Additional measuring springs (25) are assigned. 11. Device according to one or more of the Claims 3 to 10, characterized in that the Abteilkrnal (13) below of pivotable Fingers (26) can be closed. on one of the measuring springs (23) and additional measuring springs (25) acting on the dividing channel (13) are arranged vertically displaceable carriages (27), wherein the fingers (26) in the closed position just below the means (30) for dividing the portions (10) are provided. 12. The device according to claim II, characterized in that a switch (SU) adjustable in height on the compartment channel (13) can be actuated by the carriage (27). 13. The device according to one or more of claims 3 to 12, characterized in that as a means for dividing the portions (10), two can be pushed in opposite directions into the dividing channel (13) Plate knife (30) are used, the straight cutting edges (31) each from the two outer sides are drawn in symmetrically towards the center of the plate. 14. The device according to claim 13, characterized in that on the surfaces of the plate knife (30) prestressed scrapers (32) are provided, the scraping edges (73) of the shape of the .Schneidkanten (31) of the plate knife (30) are adapted. 15. The device according to one or more of claims 3 to 14, characterized in that the dividing channel (13) is designed to widen conically in the conveying direction (14). 1 sheet of drawings