DE1953955C3 - Quick-opening switching valve - Google Patents

Description

a) the piston-shaped closure piece (3, 24) has a blind hole (7; -), by means of which the Closure piece fluid-tight on a cylindrical guide body fixed to the housing (10; 39 ^ is displaceable, and its outer surface has a radial distance from the housing bore (2; 33);

b) the space bounded by the blind hole (7; -) and the guide body (10; 39) a bore (15; 38) provided in the end wall (13; 37) of the closure piece (3; 24) constantly in connection with the supply channel (5; -) surrounded by the valve seat (14; 36) stands; and

c) the actuating element (9; 41), which is designed as a separate part, is guided through the feed channel (5; -). is vnd on the free end face (14; -) of the closure piece (3; 24) engages a

2. Valve according to claim 1, characterized in that a plurality of bores (38) is provided in the free end wall (37) of the closure piece (24).

3. Valve according to claim 1 or 2, characterized »0, characterized in that the guide body (39) has a Hole for receiving the locking piece (24)

has in the closed position biasing spring (40).

45

The invention relates to a quick-opening switching valve according to the preamble of claim 1.

Such a valve is described in DE-AS 10 56 232. There is the locking piece with his The outer surface is tightly mounted in a housing bore in the valve housing and can be displaced. In the from Valve seat remote back of the locking piece · » an actuating rod is screwed in, which is fluid-tight through a cover of the valve housing is passed through. The end face of the valve which is remote from the valve seat is also via a throttle constantly pressurized. t> o

In the case of such a valve, precisely coaxial pipes must be used for the closure piece and the actuating rod be provided, d. i.e., the housing bore and the cover guide for the operating rod must be exactly coaxial with each other. This * '> requires high manufacturing costs. In addition, the (external hole) must be worked very precisely, to be able to guide this closure piece cleanly and at the same time a seal between the valve seat facing and to ensure the end face of the closure piece facing away from the valve seat.

In FR-PS 6 97 026 there is also a 2/3 switching valve for reversing double-acting compressed air cylinders. This switching valve has the lateral surface of the closure piece radial distance from a housing bore. The leadership of the Closure piece takes place via a cross-shaped cross-section having shaft, which is divided into two axially spaced openings of the valve housing is guided and on the end of a second Valve closure piece is screwed on, which cooperates with a second valve seat fixed to the housing and at the same time serves as an actuating element

In DE-AS 12 82 403 a switching valve is also described which has a piston-shaped closure piece This closure piece is again on its outer surface in a socket fixed to the housing guided between the latter and a housing bore is an annular space through which pressure medium from Inlet to the outlet of the valve can flow. An actuating element is seen in the direction of flow arranged behind the valve seat. It has a section guided in the closure piece. So must this Schahventil are precisely manufactured, and there are high frictional forces, which in the Relocation of the locking piece are to be overcome.

The present invention aims to provide a switching valve be developed according to the preamble of claim 1 so that £ with simpler mechanical Quick opening is guaranteed.

This object is achieved according to the invention by a switching valve according to claim 1.

In the switching valve according to the invention, on the one hand, the closure piece is no longer on his Rather, it runs with a blind hole on a cylindrical housing fixed to the outer surface Guide body. The outer surface of the closure piece is radially removed from the housing bore. It So you only need to pay attention to a clean fit between the blind hole and the guide body, which can be done before installing these parts in the valve housing. Whether then the guide body is used exactly coaxially to the housing bore is no longer relevant. Due to the inner guide of the locking piece, the with frictional forces associated with the guide are reduced, which improves the response time of the switching valve influenced.

Secondly, pressure is applied to the end face of the closure piece remote from the valve seat according to the invention over the free end face of the closure piece. While after the switching valve DE-AS 10 56 232 the seal between the closure piece and the housing bore also for Biasing of the closure piece into the closed position by the feed pressure was required, is obtained at the switching valve according to the invention such a bias even with a radial spacing of the closure piece lateral surface from the housing bore, which is in view of the easy mobility of the closure piece is advantageous. Another advantage of the application of pressure to the closure piece according to the invention is that by increasing or decreasing the cross-section of the blind hole and the guide body, the strength of the bias guaranteed by pressure medium in the

Closed position can vary slightly. In addition, a separate valve is not required in the case of the switching valve according to the invention Housing channel for pressurization of the end face of the closure piece remote from the valve seat, so that the manufacturing costs of the switching valve are correspondingly smaller.

Third is the switching valve according to the invention the actuating element is designed as a separate part, which is opposite the guide body engages on the free end face of the breech block. An exact coaxial position of the actuating element is therefore again not necessary, which has a favorable effect on the manufacturing costs.

Advantageous further developments of the invention are specified in the subclaims.

The invention is illustrated by means of exemplary embodiments with reference to FIG Drawing explained in more detail. In this shows

F i g. 1 shows a section through a quick-opening switching valve in the closed position;

F i g. 2 shows a section through a modified quick-opening switching valve in the closed position; and

F i g. 3 a graphical representation based on which the Opening behavior of a switching valve according to FIG. 1 or 2 is explained.

The in Fig. 1 has a housing 1 in which a cylindrical housing bore is provided is. In the housing bore 2, a closure piece 3 is slidably arranged. Its end face 4 is located a bore 5 opposite, which is provided with an inlet opening 6 for pressurized fluid in Connection is established.

In the closure piece 3, a blind hole 7 is provided, in which a cylindrical guide body 10 engages, which is carried by the housing 1 By means of a compression spring 11 surrounding the guide body 10, soft is supported on the housing 1, the locking piece 3 is biased to the left in the drawing. in the Housing 1 is an actuating plunger 9 for the locking piece 3 coaxially to the guide body 10 so out that it penetrates the bore 5 and engages the free end face 4 of the locking piece 3.

In the end wall 13 of the piston-shaped closure piece 3, an axial bore 15 is provided which represents a throttle point and via which the blind bore 7 is constantly with the inlet port 6 in communication. An outlet port 12 of the valve is on the Housing bore 2 and an annular valve seat surrounding the bore 5, which is connected to the free Front face 4 of the fastener 3 cooperates, connectable to the inlet opening 6.

The switching valve described above works as follows:

In the closed position shown in the drawing, the end face 4 of the closure piece 3 is tight on valve seat 14. This is the connection between the inlet opening 6 and the outlet opening 12 interrupted, and the remote from the valve seat 14 end face of the closure piece 3 is with the pressure in the outlet opening 12 is applied. The blind hole 7, the cross-sectional area, as shown in the drawing can be seen, is larger than the cross-sectional area of the bore 5, is about the bore 15 with that on the Inlet opening 6 applied pressure. This coordination of the cross-sections of the blind hole 7 and the bore 5 on top of each other are thus obtained in the closed position of the switching valve for Force of the compression spring ti, due to the

pending pressure medium brought about biasing of the closure member 3 into the closed position.

If the actuating plunger 9 is now moved to the right in FIG. 1, the end face 4 of the closure piece becomes 3 is lifted off the valve seat 14, and now the entire end face 4 is in the inlet opening 6 applied pressure. Since the free end face 4 is overall larger than the cross section of the Blind bore, you now get a total of one in Opening direction, d. H. in Fig. 1 force directed to the right on the locking piece, through the soft latter is moved rapidly away from the valve seat 14 while overcoming the force of the compression spring 11. You get it that way a very short time after the actuating tappet 9 has been displaced, the pressure applied to the inlet opening 6 is determined also at the outlet opening 12.

So you have a short opening time with the switching valve described above, in the closed position is nevertheless ensured by the application of differential pressure to the closure piece 3, Vtß the closure piece 3 even with pressure fluctuations at the inlet opening 6 remains reliably held in contact with the valve seat 14

F i g. Figure 2 shows another quick-opening switching valve with an inlet port 20 and one with a load closed connecting outlet opening 22. To control the flow connection between the inlet opening 20 and the outlet port 22 two valves connected in series are provided, one of which is one in one Housing bore 25 has closure piece 21 which is provided with a valve seat 26 fixed to the housing cooperates while the second one arranged in a housing bore 33 closure piece 24 which cooperates with a valve seat 36 fixed to the housing. A transverse hole 35 connects a downstream of the valve seat 26 bore portion 34 of the housing bore 25 with a upstream of the valve seat 36 lying 3ohrungsabschnitt the housing bore 33. The transverse bore 35 is also located above one in the drawing Section of the closure piece 21 formed bore 31 with a vent chamber 42 connectable, which communicates with a vent opening 23.

As shown in FIG. 2 can be seen, the two housing bores 25 and 33 run parallel to each other and a channel communicating with the inlet opening 20 opens into the housing bore 25 at one point, which, viewed in the direction of flow, lies in front of the valve seat 26.

The closure piece 21 is seen in the flow direction behind the valve seat 26 with a coaxial Actuating head 27 is provided, in which the drilling 31 is also provided. The operating head 27 cooperates with a radial flange 28a of an actuating body 28, which in the direction of the arrow 29 is arranged displaceably in the valve housing. The actuating body 28 is by a on the valve housing supported return spring 43 in FIG. 2 biased upwards and in its radial flange 28a is the A sealing disk 32 is inserted opposite the free end of the actuating head 27.

The locking piece 21 is by a compression spring 30 in Fig. 2 is biased upwards against the valve seat 26 and runs with a reduced diameter having end portion in a guide bushing inserted into the valve housing.

The VcrschliiOsttick 24 is designed as a hollow cylinder

and on the side facing the transverse bore 35 and the valve seat 36 by an axial end wall 37 closed. In the latter, a plurality of bores 38 representing throttling points are provided over which the transverse bore 35 is constantly connected to the interior of the hollow cylindrical closure piece 24.

In the hollow cylindrical closure piece 24 engages cylindrical guide body 39 which is firmly inserted into the housing bore 33. The guide body 39 is also hollow and takes one Compression spring 40, which engages the end wall 37 of the closure piece 24 and so in the Pre-tensioned closed position. In this closed position, the flow connection / between the transverse bore is 35 and the outlet opening 22 are thus prevented.

An actuating plunger 41 for the Wear piece in a pinpn vrrminrfprtrn diameter having end portion of the housing bore 33 out. The head of the operating plunger 41 protrudes into the ventilation chamber 42 and is diametrically opposite the actuating head 27. The axial Length of the actuating plunger 41 is chosen so that the face of his head is a little further from the The underside of the flange 28a of the actuating body 28 is more remote than the upper edge of the actuating head 27 of the closure piece 21. When moving the actuating body 28 in the direction of arrow 29 thus comes the sealing disk 32 in contact with the actuating head 27 and closes the bore 31 before the The actuating plunger 41 is then also taken along by the flange 28a of the actuating body 28.

The guide body 39 is on the section fixed in the housing bore 33 with axial grooves 44 provided in its surface, which are filled with sound-absorbing material. About the Grooves 44 can flow off pressure medium from the housing bore 33 to the atmosphere.

The closure piece 24 carries a sealing ring 46, which after moving past a in the drawing downwards conically narrowing bore portion 45 of the housing bore 33 over the bore portion 45 lying part of the housing bore 33 against the lower part of the housing bore which is in communication with the atmosphere via the grooves 44

The quick-opening switching valve just described works as follows:

If the switching valve is in the position shown in FIG. 2 reproduced closed position, the inlet opening 20 is both by the tight fit of the closure piece 21 on the valve seat 26 as well as by the tight fit of the End wall 37 of the closure piece 24 on the valve seat 36 separated from the outlet opening 22 The hollow cylindrical closure piece 24 and the transverse bore 35 are connected to the ventilation opening 23 via the bore 31 in the actuating head 27 of the closure piece 21 and the ventilation chamber 42.

If the actuating body 28 is now displaced downward, the sealing disk 32 comes into contact the top of the actuating head 27 and closes the bore 31. This is the flow connection interrupted between the transverse bore 35 and the vent opening 23. If you move down even further of the actuating body 28, the closure piece 21 is lifted from the valve seat 26, so that now the entire end face thereof facing the valve seat 26 is acted upon by the pressure in the inlet opening 20 is. As a result, the closure member 21 is quickly displaced further in the opening direction, and the transverse bore 35 the pressure in the inlet port 20 is rapidly applied. When moving the actuator down further 28, the actuating plunger 41 is now moved downward through the flange 28a, whereby the End wall 37 of closure piece 24 is lifted off valve seat 36. Now the entire face of the Closure piece 24 is acted upon by the pressure present in the transverse bore 35, so that one now has a additional force in the opening direction of the closure piece 24 receives. Through this power the opening movement of the locking piece 24 is supported. n? i the downward movement of the locking piece 46 now the sealing ring 46 comes into contact with the wall of the housing bore 33, whereby its lower part, which is in communication with the atmosphere via the grooves 44, is sealed. The ones on the valve seat 36 Compressed air flowing past now only reaches the outlet opening 22.

If the actuating body 28 is released, it is returned to that shown in FIG. 2 by the spring 43 Moved back to rest position. During this movement, the sealing disk 32 comes off the actuating head again 27 free, so that the transverse bore 35 via the bore 31 and the ventilation chamber 42 again with the vent opening 23 is connected. Now the locking piece 24 is by the spring 40 in his Moved back in the closed position, the sealing ring 46 also being removed from the wall of the housing bore 33 lifts off which is now connected to the atmosphere again via the grooves 44 is the one in FIG. 2 reproduced closed state of the switching valve is reached again.

In Fig. 3 shows the curve 50 the movement of the closure piece 24 as a function of time. the Curve 51 gives the pressure rise in the outlet port. .ng 22 when the switching valve is opened again. The curve 52 shows the time course of the pressure in the Inlet port. The point at which the switching valve is triggered is denoted by 53

For this purpose 2 sheets of drawings

Claims (1)

Patent claims: 1. Quick-opening switching valve with a housing and one in a housing bore Versciilußstück arranged so as to be movable in stroke, whose ϊ the free end face cooperates with an annular valve seat that is smaller in diameter, at which the pressurized fluid is present, and that by pressurization its end face facing away from the valve seat and by spring force in the closed position is biased, and with an actuating element which the same on the closure piece for moving engages from the closed position into the open position, characterized in that