DE19539394A1 - Solvent mixt. for removing paint, lacquer or films - Google Patents

Abstract

The compsn. (A) comprises: (a) at least one lower lactone (i.e. internal ester of lower hydroxycarboxylic acid) of formula (I); and (b) a mixt. of at least two lower dicarboxylic acid diesters of formula R3O-C(O)-R'1-C(O)-OR2 (II). (II) is completely soluble in (I). (I) and (II) are of technical purity, i.e. include thermodynamic and stereochemical equilibrium components. R1=(CH2)2, (CH2)3, (CH2)4 or (CH2)5; R'1=CH2 or as R1; R2,R3=Me or Et. The removal process is by: (i) applying (A) to the painted region (opt. precleaned and dried), using a spray, brush roller or spatula; (ii) leaving (A) for a time to remove the paint etc.; (iii) removing residual paint etc., (A) and decomposition prods. mechanically using water or rinsing; and opt. (iv) drying by heating and repeating the process. Specifically the film to be removed is a polymer film (esp. polyethylene or PVC) adhered with acrylate- or vinyl acetate-based, solvent-free single component adhesive; and substrates are concrete (esp. visible concrete) walls (of concrete, limestone, opt. silanised brick or natural or synthetic marble), floors (esp. mirrors, opt. lacquered or polished metal building, instrument or automobile outer walls, signal and indicator plates etc., plastics composites, panels or opt. lacquered or surface-stabilised wooden walls or surfaces.

Description

The present invention relates to a paint, varnish and films release agent and the use of the same, in particular for Removal of sprays, graffiti and the like a. as well as for removing foils of construction and materials.

In the underlying technology, two are different Types of compositions differed, those primary clean, d. H. Detergents, and those that primarily dissolve, just solvents.

Cleaning agents contain - as the most important component - practically in any case cleaning booster, d. H. synthetic surfactants, such as alkyl sulfates, alkylarylsulfonates, Polyglycol ether, which is the water-insoluble organic solution can be added during chemical cleaning. You should a good distribution of the water mixed with the solvents cause and result in a more favorable cleaning effect than that Solvent alone. The amount of cleaning booster in the Solvents can be between 5 and 20%.  

In turn, solvents are inorganic liquids (ins special water) and organic liquids, the gases, Can dissolve liquids or solids without chemical Reactions between the component to be dissolved and the solvent occur. The resulting solution consists of several Components, so that component becomes a solvent referred to, which is present in excess.

In the narrower sense, solvents are primarily understood organic liquids that are as even as possible set, neutral, colorless, anhydrous, largely chemically should be stable and biologically flawless. To this Solvents each have special requirements Solubility, evaporation time, water solubility, ignition availability, blending ability and boiling limits.

In contrast, the paint, varnish and films according to the invention act release agent as the actual cleaning agent, although it is a Mixture of organic compounds.

The paint, lacquer and film release agent according to the invention, especially for removing sprays, graffiti, etc. as well as from Foils of building materials are characterized by their content

• - On at least one lower lactone, ie inner esters of a hydroxycarboxylic acid of the formula F1 in which R₁ is CH₂-CH₂, CH₂-CH₂-CH₂, CH₂-CH₂-CH₂-CH₂ or CH₂-CH₂-CH₂-CH₂-CH₂,
  such as
• on a mixture of at least two lower diesters of saturated dicarboxylic acids of the formula F2 which are completely soluble in the compounds of the formula F1 in which R₁ is CH₂, CH₂-CH₂, CH₂-CH₂-CH₂, CH₂-CH₂-CH₂-CH₂ or CH₂-CH₂-CH₂-CH₂-CH₂ and
  R₂ and R₃ are each CH₃ or CH₂-CH₃,
  the components mentioned being in technical purities, ie including thermodynamic and stereochemical equilibrium compounds.

The lower lactone of the formula F1 is usually present 40 ± 20% by weight and the diester mixture 50 ± 20% by weight, both based on the total weight of the agent, before; the water content the mean is preferably max. 5% by weight.

In especially preferred compositions, the lactone is one Butanolide, especially γ-butanolide, and the diester mixture consists

• - dimethyl ester
  • - The methane and / or ethane and / or butane and / or propane and / or pentanedicarboxylic acid.

Such a practically very well applicable paint, varnish and Contains film release agent

• 50 ± 8% by weight, in particular 50 ± 4% by weight of γ-butanolide,  
• - 30 ± 6 wt .-%, in particular 30 ± 2 wt .-% dimethyl ester of Propanedicarboxylic acid,
• - 10 ± 2 wt .-%, in particular 10 ± 1 wt .-% dimethyl ester of Ethanedicarboxylic acid,
• - 6 ± 1.5 wt .-%, in particular 6 ± 0.6 wt .-% dimethyl ester butanedicarboxylic acid,

all in technical purities.

The said agent contains additives for its stabilization and to adjust its viscosity so that it is as fluid until viscous liquid or as a paste.

The paint, varnish and films according to the invention are used release agent for removing paints, varnishes, inks, etc., as well of films, in particular of acrylate or vinyl acetate based, solvent-free one-component adhesives applied polymer films and in particular PVC films and PAe Foils (PE) foils of natural or artificial building materials, of metallic, optionally lacquered or enamelled, Surfaces, of plastic composite materials and given if painted or varnished wooden surfaces; doing so

• - the agent in an effective amount by means of a spray device, Brush, roller or spatula on the, if necessary, before cleaned and dried, discolored area applied and
• - during the peeling of the paint, varnish or ink etc. or for diffusion through the film and for diffusion sion through and action on the adhesive necessary time leave there;
• - Then mechanically, d. H. using rags, brushes or the like, and / or with water the remains of the paint, etc.  and also the release agent and optionally the adhesive - including their decomposition products - removed or abge rinses.

The amount of agent applied is related to present amount of spray or paint color, etc., such as also on the film thickness and the amount of adhesive.

Experience has shown that the exposure times can vary greatly: from practically less than 1 minute to half an hour.

By rinsing with water each time both the ecologically harmless degradation compounds of the paint, Paint and film release agent or the paint and paint release agent driving, foil parts and removal connections of the adhesive removed, hydrolyses residues of active esters, d. H. deactivated.

Before the use mentioned the surface to be treated optionally dried by warming up. This will also guarantees sufficient kinetics of the release and dissolution reaction, which can lead to improved results.

The paint, varnish and film release agent is used in particular for sprays, graffiti, etc. as well as slides on the following Documents:

• - concrete, especially exposed concrete,
• - Walls made of concrete blocks, of sand-lime bricks, from given if silanized bricks, made of natural or synthetic marble or from brick,
• - Floors, especially natural and artificial stone floors or coverings stone floors,  
• - ceramic surfaces, glass, mirrors,
• - metallic, optionally painted or painted, Building and equipment outer walls, car outer walls, signal and Notice boards, etc.
• - Plastic composite materials, panels, etc., as well
• - if necessary, painted or surface stabilized Wooden walls and surfaces.

The invention is now based on preferred compositions as well explained and exemplified using various applications.

Three examples of the combination according to the invention were put on setting, which is used in all subsequent uses were.

The agents are designated with composition I, II and III; their components with salary limits were:

• γ-butanolide at 50 ± 4% by weight,
• Dimethyl ester of propanedicarboxylic acid at 30 ± 2% by weight,
• Dimethyl ester of ethanedicarboxylic acid at 10 ± 1% by weight,
• Dimethyl ester of butanedicarboxylic acid at 6 ± 0.6% by weight,

all in technical purities.

All 3 compositions were applied to each Document.

The documents dealt with can be grouped into 7 sample groups to get nabbed:

• - concrete, especially exposed concrete (example group 1),
• - Walls made of concrete blocks, of sand-lime bricks, from given if silanized bricks, made of natural or synthetic marble or made of brick (example group 2),
• - Floors, especially natural and artificial stone floors or coverings stone floors (example group 3),
• - ceramic surfaces, glass, mirrors (example group 4),
• - metallic, optionally painted or painted, Building and equipment outer walls, car outer walls, signal and Notice boards u. a. (Example group 5),
• - plastic composite materials, panels, etc. (Example group 6), as well
• - if necessary, painted or surface stabilized Wooden walls and surfaces (example group 7).

Example group 1

Black spray marks were applied to fine concrete slabs. After application of the three compositions according to the invention only on the characters, leaving them there for 20 to 30 minutes, dry wiping off the peel products and finally rinsing with water the concrete surface was clean, and from the spray marks there was nothing left to see.

On plates with a finer structure were next to black also sprayed red and gold-colored characters. Also succeeded here the detachment of the spray signs by means of the compositions enough flawlessly.  

On slabs of even finer concrete (only sand as a surcharge) black and red, or only black, characters were applied. Treatment and success were the same as above.

Sprays were on slabs of fiber-reinforced concrete (eternit and the like) and other colors especially can be removed very quickly: with one The temperature of the documents of 20 ° C were the on the three samples Spray paints corresponding amounts of the three inventive Compositions I, II and III applied. Practically the same afterwards the sprays could be wiped off with a dry cloth will; remaining residues were rinsed off with water.

Example group 2

Multi-colored spraying was carried out on three sand-lime bricks and also one black paint applied. After two treatments with the compositions of the invention was the surface of the Sample back in and handsome.

With bricks it was found that the removal of the Spray paints went better, the finer the pores and the deeper were the age of the spray. Closure of the pores (Silanization of the surface) facilitated the detachment of the Spray colors clearly.

Formed on surfaces made of artificial marble as well as on real marble the peeling of different spray and brush colors no Problem. Especially when the surface was sealed, it was after the Cleaning restored properly.

Example group 3

Three natural stone floor slabs (limestone) became dark multicolored sprayed.  

The removal of the colors together with the inventive settlements worked flawlessly; in pores and cracks in the stone one after treatment each carried out.

Even on a bitumen surface, many, different color applications relatively effortless.

The same applies to the replacement of paints and varnishes from one Concrete floor slab and concrete stones.

Example group 4

Cleaning a ceramic surface was not a problem; in Grouting had to be repeated each time. A better Silanizing the joints would remedy this.

Experiments on glass or mirrors gave flawless results with only one application of the combination according to the invention settlements.

Example group 5

The removal formed on unpainted metal surfaces all paints and varnishes no problems. It wasn't here once rinsing necessary.

It was shown on painted metal surfaces that the compositions according to the invention not too long on the Document could be left.

If this rule is observed and if necessary after-treatment could complete spray paint removal without leg the original varnish can be reached.  

Example group 6

The removal of spray or other colors from plastic composite materials left the smoother and easier the respective surfaces were more non-porous. With modern resins Such binders are used as binders in such materials areas usually easily achieved.

Example group 7

On natural wood with a resin coating, spray and other paints and varnishes if a sufficiently short one is observed Sufficient time of the agents according to the invention on the colors be removed. This resulted in pure natural wood Problems.

Example 8

One for about 2 years on a painted in the usual way Car door glued, about 0.8 mm thick soft PVC film with a Colored company information was outside on the edges with light removable adhesive film strips covered. The PVC film was with a commercially available acrylic adhesive has been applied.

Samples of the three compositions I, II and III were prepared for approx. one third each of the film is brushed on, so that the entire Film was well coated; the car door was roughly horizontal placed.

After 15 minutes of exposure, the film started at the edge detach or deform. Now the film could partially be removed with a wet cloth. Even the glue Remains could be wiped off in this way. The paint on the car door was were only insignificantly attacked, he would have traded usual spray paints can be professionally repaired. Then the cover strips were removed.  

Example 9

Applied on enameled metal plates (building cladding) PVC glue could be used even without attaching cover strips by applying the (thickened) release agent to the adhesive can be completely torn off from the plates after a short time. The email remained unchanged. This was by all three means possible.

By lightly heating (and thus drying) the Glue using a hair dryer could still be used for the removal process accelerated and improved.

The same method (and the same means) can be obvious can be used in many other technical fields by from packaging technology to lithography, from Etching technology to the various disposal methods.

Claims (12)

1. Paint, varnish and film release agents, especially for removing sprays, graffiti and the like. as well as foils of building and materials, characterized by contents

• - On at least one lower lactone, ie inner esters of a hydroxycarboxylic acid of the formula F1 in which R₁ is CH₂-CH₂, CH₂-CH₂-CH₂, CH₂-CH₂-CH₂-CH₂ or CH₂-CH₂-CH₂-CH₂-CH₂,
  such as
• on a mixture of at least two lower diesters of saturated dicarboxylic acids of the formula F2 which are completely soluble in the compounds of the formula F1 in which R₁ is CH₂, CH₂-CH₂, CH₂-CH₂-CH₂, CH₂-CH₂-CH₂-CH₂ or CH₂-CH₂-CH₂-CH₂-CH₂ and
  R₂ and R₃ are each CH₃ or CH₂-CH₃,
  the components mentioned being in technical purities, ie including thermodynamic and stereochemical equilibrium compounds.

2. paint, lacquer and film release agent according to claim 1, characterized in that the lower lactone of the formula F1 at 40 ± 20% by weight and the diester mixture at 50 ± 20% by weight, both based on the total weight of the composition, available. 3. paint, lacquer and film release agent according to claim 2, characterized in that the lactone is a butanolide, especially γ-butanolide. 4. paint, lacquer and film release agent according to claim 2, characterized in that the diester mixture

• - dimethyl ester
  • - The methane and / or ethane and / or butane and / or propane and / or pentane dicarboxylic acid

contains. 5. paint, lacquer and film release agent according to one of Ansprü che 2, 3 and 4, characterized in that the agent

• 50 ± 8% by weight of γ-butanolide,
• 30 ± 6% by weight of dimethyl ester of propanedicarboxylic acid,
• - 10 ± 2 wt .-% dimethyl ester of ethanedicarboxylic acid and
• 6 ± 1.5% by weight of dimethyl ester of butanedicarboxylic acid,

all in technical purities. 6. Paint, varnish and film release agent according to one of the An Proverbs 1 to 5, characterized in that there are additions to  its stabilization and adjustment of its viscosity contains, so that the agent as a liquid or viscous Liquid or as a paste. 7. Use of the paint, varnish and film release agent according to one of claims 1 to 6 for removing paints, varnishes, inks and others, as well as films of natural or artificial building materials, of metallic, optionally lacquered or enamelled, surfaces, of plastic ver composite materials and of possibly painted or lacquered wooden surfaces, characterized in that

• - that the agent is applied in an effective amount by means of a spray device, brush, roller or spatula to the, if necessary, pre-cleaned and dried, discolored area,
• - That the agent is left there for the time required to remove the paint, varnish or ink, and
• - That then mechanically by means of water the remains of the paint etc. and also the release agent - including its decomposition products - are removed or rinsed off.

8. Use according to claim 7, characterized in that the Films using solution based on acrylate or vinyl acetate polymer applied to medium-free one-component adhesives foils, especially PVC foils and PAe foils (PE foils) are. 9. Use according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that that if necessary the surface to be treated or Dry the surface of the film to be removed by heating net and that the method according to claim 7 if necessary  repeated while observing other process parameters becomes. 10. Use according to claim 7, 8 or 9, characterized in that the agent for sprays, graffiti and the like. and foils are used on the following documents:

• - concrete, especially exposed concrete,
• - walls made of concrete blocks, of sand-lime bricks, of possibly silanized bricks, of natural or synthetic marble or of brick,
• - floors, in particular natural and artificial stone floors or facing stone floors,
• - ceramic surfaces, glass, mirrors,
• - metallic, possibly painted or painted, building and device outer walls, outer car walls, signal and information boards, etc.,
• - Plastic composite materials, panels, etc., as well
• - If necessary, lacquered or surface-stabilized wooden walls and surfaces.