DE19538254A1 - Identification of burglars or bank robbers - Google Patents

Abstract

In the pictures a perpetrator (1) of an offence demands money at a bank counter, and the employee presses the switch (3) to release the spray process. The spraying equipment (5) is accommodated in the roof space or ceiling, and the spray (G) is directed to the area where the perpetrator is standing. The switch is connected to the equipment by the line (6), and employees in other positions are provided with switches (4) to release the spray. A perpetrator (2) in other positions can also be sprayed, and if he stands near an access door (9a), there are sensors (1) in figure 2, tripped by a contact step (7) to give an acoustic warning (4) over a loudspeaker (4) and illuminate the beam (8). If this does not deter, the spraying process is started.

Description

The technical field is the protection of those to be secured Areas such as banks, checkout areas, pay offices, money counters, Building or private property. In particular, the invention relates identifying the perpetrators involved in the aforementioned areas to enter with unfair intentions.

The state of the art usually works with alarm systems, develop the sounds, or in banks with automatic Video cameras or cameras that take pictures of the perpetrators create. Disadvantages of these systems are often unclear images (for Part because of the masking of the perpetrators) or significant Costs that are particularly important for private ownership. Further disadvantages result from the time-consuming implementation the pictures made for the press and television, so that the perpetrator has enough time to Receives escape. Are the pictures unclear or indistinct or is the perpetrator hooded, search actions are time and costly because the basis is an inaccurate Perpetrator description is. Often, the perpetrators cannot be identified.

The invention has therefore set itself the task of being a perpetrator identify better, more accurately and more securely without doing so the costs are increased significantly.

This is achieved through the invention if the offender is direct is marked (claim 1); it is characterized by a distinctive smell Sprayed substance at the scene. The spray device that the Marking the offender is prompted by at least one Triggering device controlled, the manually or automatically the Spraying can initiate (claim 8, claim 9).

The marking takes place during or immediately after the act (Claim 7).  

The distinctive substance has a strong smell that lasts can still be recognized by the perpetrator. But the smell is not uncomfortable, but only striking (claim 5, 6, 7). In this Substance can be a long-term stable and distinctive Chemical may be included that is difficult to remove by the perpetrator can be and precisely identifies it. Is the offender has only been sprayed once, so he can initially do nothing at all against his personal tag. He is on the run and therefore in an acute shortage of time. For He would have to remove the smell except himself and his Dress all objects with which he is in Came in contact, replace or treat. This extensive It is impossible to clean up on the escape routes. Even if he if he could change his clothes somewhere later, so too new clothes with the striking clinging to his body Smell infected; a short-term neutralization is for the So the perpetrator is not possible. In addition, the distinctive smell, which sticks to him, infects all objects with which he is exposed his escape route comes into contact, says the murder vehicle and other equipment. No matter where the offender goes and what he comes into contact with cannot smell.

After a robbery or break-in can be taken care of quickly that a perpetrator is sought via the media and the police when you describe your smell. The smell is clearly describable and distinctive, the perpetrator falls with it anywhere, regardless of what it looks like and how exactly that The description of the perpetrator of the person failing him in his act have observed.

Although the device according to the invention can be implemented inexpensively and an almost reliable identification of a perpetrator there are special risks when using the device not given. Even a false triggering of the device does not work to unduly impair the accidentally or mistakenly sprayed person because the substance is odorless striking, but not uncomfortable. A neutralization with corresponding or complementary chemicals is for  easily possible for those of the composition of the substance knows, usually the manufacturer of the substance. For perpetrators who for those who do not know the composition of the substance Moment and no way for his escape route Neutralize smell.

In addition, most of the perpetrators are lay perpetrators, so Casual offender. Burglaries and bank robberies are rare Planned without gaps and carried out in a targeted manner, mostly they are Cause of an act of desperation or a short circuit. The labeling method and device described above for this especially corresponds to these circumstances and also aims depends on the perpetrators who are justified by the invention Situation to be surprised if they were going to leave of the crime scene undetected in the crowd. This after or in the event of an attack or a break-in by the Invention thwarted.

The striking substance that is sprayed on the perpetrator is in directed a targeted beam on him (claim 2, 3), so that usually only the culprit with the distinctive substance in Touch comes. There are several in an area to be protected Places the perpetrator is likely to enter or go through several devices can be attached (claim 10), around it at least in one area (in front of the counter or directly at the exit or in front of the safe) with the striking To be able to spray substance.

The spray device can be constructed like a syringe (Claim 13). The sprayer is for repeated Applications advantageous with an interchangeable container or Use provided (claim 11), after each use of the Spraying device can be renewed so that the Spray device is used as often as required.

A bolt similar to one can be used to trigger the spraying process Pump or injection syringe provided along the spray direction be (claim 12), which is movably guided. He can directly  be controlled by an engine (claim 14), but it can can also be triggered mechanically in other ways.

One way to keep the sprayer on standby to hold, the bias of a spring (claim 13). This Preload is released by loosening one that is transverse to the spring force Bolt locked. The solution of the locking bolt (e.g. Pulling out via a motor or magnetic device) leads to the spraying of the distinctive substance through a close Nozzle that targets the aforementioned jet at the perpetrator judges. Different nozzle types allow the spray jet - each according to the given structural circumstances of the area of application - to bundle more or less.

In addition to the possibility of a spring to trigger the Using a sprayer can also directly drive an engine Move the piston in the axial direction to close the spray substance spray, or also through a compressed air chamber similar as with standard spray cans.

To ensure that the striking substance before using the Spray device does not leave the spray device, the Spray nozzle advantageously sealed by a thin sealing film be sealed (claim 15). This film is only at Use of the spray device, i.e. when actuating the bolt to release the spring or when driving the motor directly to actuate the pressure piston by the resulting pressure of the Spray substance penetrated.

Concentrated perfume-like substances are suitable as distinctive substances Fabrics. They are odor-intensive, but not unpleasant. It different, distinct smell nuances can be produced, that allow the identification of a specific crime scene.

The invention (s) are described below with reference to several Exemplary embodiments explained and supplemented.

Fig. 1 shows a schematic sequence of events, as a perpetrator 1 is in front of a bank counter and demands the surrender of money. On his flight, the perpetrator 1 is labeled 2 .

Fig. 2 shows a schematic sequence of events, as a burglar 2 stands in front of a door 9 a of a building, which he intends to open without authorization.

Fig. 3a shows a first embodiment in syringe form, how a distinctive substance 14 can be sprayed through a narrow nozzle channel 16 . The direction of spraying is labeled G.

FIG. 3b shows an alternative embodiment with a commercial smoke pellets such as are used similarly to a signal cartridge in the rescue of shipwrecked persons. It can be used to set up a car theft protection in particular.

Fig. 1, middle part of the picture

The typical course of events in Fig. 1 (middle picture) shows the perpetrator ( 1 ) who requests the handing over of money at the bank counter. The switch operator presses the button ( 3 ) to trigger the spraying process.

The sprayer ( 5 ) is hidden under or in the ceiling; the spray jet (G) is aimed directly at the area in which the perpetrator is or will usually be stopped.

It is also possible - if the structural circumstances require it - the spray substance from a hose system (as short as possible) the pump system installed elsewhere nearby. The In this case, the outlet nozzle would be above the area in question brought.

The spray mechanism is triggered via a line ( 6 ).

Fig. 1, left part of the picture

If there was actually no opportunity to mark the perpetrator ( 2 ) directly in front of the counter, he can mark via another (or various other) escape route (s) that a perpetrator will most likely enter via further installed spray devices especially near the exit.

The spray devices make sense over lines with the system connected.

It is also possible to use the potential escape routes with kick or other trigger sensors in the event of a robbery first activated (focused, see below) and so the His perpetrator when entering or passing the appropriate place Mark triggers itself.

Fig. 1, right part of the picture

Bank employees who observe the robbery from other workplaces can also trigger the spray mechanism at the counter or also in other areas via hidden buttons ( 4 ).

The buttons for the different trigger areas are easy to use distinguishable from each other in order to target the one in question Activate area.

As a rule, other, already installed alarm systems are included raided anyway; z. B. the focus lung (see above) can be coupled to the escape routes.

Overall, it is made clear here that a perpetrator is as good as there is no chance of escaping undetected after a robbery men.  

Fig. 2

Fig. 2 shows a person ( 2 ) who stands with the probable intention of a break-in in front of an access door ( 9 a) of the crime building.

The alarm system (in the house) is activated when leaving the house residents (such as common) or focused at night. After done The system registers a potential perpetrator via various sensors that only a human can trigger:

• (a) Sensor ( 1 ) (e.g. a motion detector that reacts to body heat)
• (b) Sensor ( 2 ) (e.g. a hidden step contact ( 7 )
• (c) Other sensors, such as a contact sensor when operating the door handle ( 3 a), etc., depending on the structural circumstances and possibilities.

The actuation of a jack on an entrance to the building is yes usually synonymous with the intention of entering the Ge to enter the building without authorization.

If it is a person without this intention, they will also follow the acoustic warning ( 4 ) to leave the property.

First of all, the spraying process is not yet triggered (due to a delay) and, if necessary, an additional warning announcement is triggered via a loudspeaker ( 4 ) in order to inform the perpetrator of his risk of dissuading him from attempting to break in and asking him to leave the property.

At the same time, the spotlights ( 8 ) illuminate the crime scene in the dark.

If the perpetrator ignores the warning, the spraying mechanism ( 1 ) is activated. This can be hidden under a canopy, in the door itself, in the door frame or elsewhere - depending on the structural circumstances.

The spraying process is similar to that of a bank robbery, whereby the spray jet does not have to be so narrowly limited to the Perpetrators actually also within a possible tolerance capture.

The spray should be from the top of the head and face Perpetrators and the substance also wetted his body.

Since u. A break-in due to a long absence of the house Often residents are not immediately discovered is an immediate one Unlike the bank robbery, the perpetrator is often not prosecuted possible.

Nevertheless, police and other investigations in the Regulate the person with the distinctive smell good to third parties will be remembered, which will later be used to identify the Culprit leads.

This is particularly important in the case of accompanying circumstances Burglary, such as bodily harm or even killing of people nen. The scope of the "raid" is also of concern here to trigger a larger search for perpetrators.  

Fig. 3a

here the principle of the spray system is presented. In this case it is triggered mechanically by a compression spring ( 11 ); this can also be done using a compressed air cartridge or a small motor.

In principle, the spray mechanism is analogous to a syringe like it is used in medical practices.

In a cannula ( 10 ), a pressure piston ( 12 ) is guided and when triggered by the spring ( 11 ) in the direction of the nozzle outlet ( 16 ) be moved.

The triggering can be followed by unlocking a lock ( 13 ), the piston ( 12 ) pushing out the striking fragrance ( 14 ) through the nozzle ( 16 ) in a flash and thereby breaking through a thin plastic membrane.

This membrane closes the outlet opening until it is triggered of the spraying process absolutely odor-tight.

In the example, the apparatus is barely perceptible in a false ceiling of the crime scene; the nozzle is directed towards the Tatareal (G), as is also shown in Fig. 1.

An alternative is a spray can, wel is stored horizontally in a ceiling structure. The out solution is done by a motor pressure on the cap (analog triggering a spray with your finger).

The nozzle must concentrate the jet relatively closely.

It can be seen from FIG. 3a that a ceiling or cladding 9 is provided which has an opening through which the spray nozzle 16 points but does not protrude beyond it, so that it cannot be recognized from the outside.

Fig. 3b

This device is used to identify a stolen car to use mobils.

This is a smoke cartridge, its type and radio tion of a signal gun is like how z. B. in distress at sea t people in rubber dinghy.

In a guide ( 23 a) there is a firing pin ( 23 ) which, when triggered, ignites the smoke cartridge ( 24 ), which is loaded as in a gun barrel ( 20 ).

The smoke (R) with an intense color (e.g. red, as with the Shipping) escapes from the cartridge and produces over a long period of time a striking signal that attracts attention from passers-by, etc. clearly excited and indicates the theft.

The device can always be recharged after a trip.

At the same time, however, the cartridge can also be filled with be provided with an odorant.  

The distinctive substance used for the examples can be used for the In case it has a distinctive smell, a strong and lasting effect comparable to that of a strong perfume in the cosmetics industry. Such fragrance notes are (as is well known) not within a shorter period of time remove, especially not in the event of time constraints and hectic pace of a perpetrator on the run. By spraying with the perfume-like substance with an intense smell, but not with annoying smell, the perpetrator may be infected while fleeing Vehicle and all of the tools he works with, mostly even the banknotes or securities that he had with his Theft. Even after cleaning, one Shower or bath, the trail and the smell stays in somewhat recognizable concentration still stick to the perpetrator, the Perpetrator is personally characterized by the smell and without clear person description identifiable by everyone.

Are additionally chemically characteristic substances in the substance contain that the perpetrator cannot smell or feel long-term identification of the perpetrator. The characteristic substances, usually small proportions are sufficient in the otherwise already distinctive substance, let's draw a conclusion to where the offender has done his deed if every place that used a device according to the examples of the invention, a other characteristic substance used.

The assignment of perpetrator to crime scene is possible in this way, without the witness's face being identified got to.

The choice of the distinctive substance as such, though smells distinctive, but does not stink unpleasantly, also secures it Use the device anywhere and without high Precautions. One that may have been triggered incorrectly Spraying a non-offender is easy by goodwill repairable and when ready the sprayed exactly The complementary chemical substance can match the substance distinctive smell on the people can be quickly eliminated.  

The trigger device, previously considered mechanical and / or has been automatically described can on the respective Use case to be coordinated. You can do it in groups summarize the following trigger mechanisms, once that of Perpetrator self-triggered spray device, once that of Spray device triggered by observers or persons affected Finally, a spray device activated by radio.

If automated spraying is provided in the event of a break-in, a security device can be installed insofar as the automatic system is only activated at a certain point in time from which the spraying device is definitely required, i.e. the perpetrator is already at work. In the example in FIG. 1, this is the activation by a trigger button 3 , 4 , or in the example in FIG. 2, these are the combination of these sensors (for example 1, 3a, 7).

A previous warning announcement and / or a warning light 4 according to FIG. 2 is particularly suitable in the private area, in the public security area, e.g. B. a bank of FIG. 1, however, an advance warning is not recommended.

Claims (14)

1. Device for identifying burglars or bank robbers (perpetrators), in which a triggering device ( 3 , 4 , 6 , 7 ) is provided, which triggers a spraying device ( 5 ) at a predetermined point in time, a (smell) distinctive substance ( 14 , 24 ) targeted (16) to the offender ( 1 , 2 ). 2. Device according to claim 1, wherein the striking substance ( 14 , 24 ) is sprayed or directed onto the perpetrator ( 1 , 2 ) in a targeted manner. 3. Apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the sprayed jet more or according to the application is less tightly bundled. 4. Device according to one of the mentioned claims, in which an acoustic and / or visual warning ( 4 ) for the perpetrator ( 1 , 2 ) takes place before the predetermined time. 5. Device according to one of the mentioned claims, wherein the distinctive substance ( 14 , 24 ) develops a strong smell that is not unpleasant. 6. Device according to one of the mentioned claims, in which the distinctive substance ( 14 , 24 ) is difficult to remove, in particular contains a long-term characteristic and not easily recognizable chemical in a lower concentration. 7. Device according to one of claims 1 to 6, in which the predetermined time is set so that the offender is marked during or immediately after the act.   8. Device according to one of the mentioned claims, in which the triggering device ( 3 , 4 , 6 ) can be triggered manually, in particular by an employee who is threatened by the perpetrator ( 2 ). 9. Device according to one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the triggering device automatically, in particular by a previously activated movement trigger ( 1 ) or one
Foot switch ( 7 ) or a switch attached in a mechanical door opener, such as latch ( 3 a), or a radio signal can be triggered. 10. Device according to one of the mentioned claims, in which two or more spray devices ( 5 ) are attached to different locations of the area to be secured. 11. Device according to one of the mentioned claims, wherein the spray device contains an exchangeable container ( 10 , 24 a) in which the striking substance ( 14 , 24 ) is permanently stored. 12. Device according to one of the mentioned claims, in which a bolt is attached transversely ( 13 ) or lengthways ( 23 ) to the spray direction (G) on the container ( 10 , 24 a) or on the carrier ( 20 ) for the container ( 24 a) to activate the spraying process. 13. Device according to one of the mentioned claims, wherein the spray device ( 5 ) is constructed like a syringe and has a permanently tensioned spring ( 11 ) which pushes the piston ( 12 ) held by the bolt ( 14 ) forward when the bolt ( 13 ) is unlocked. 14. Device according to one of the claims mentioned, in which a motor triggers the spraying process directly or indirectly, the motor replacing the spring ( 11 ) or unlocking the bolt ( 13 ).