DE19528661A1 - Combined picture divider for film or video camera taking lens - Google Patents

Abstract

The divider (1) and the camera (7) take stereo half pictures of the field (8), consisting of a direct path (3) for one half picture (9) and of an indirect path (2) for the half picture (10). For this purpose the mirror or prisms used possess two reflection surfaces (4,5).

Description

The present invention relates to a combination image splitter ( 1 ) for filming or photographing three-dimensional images. The combination image splitter is located in front of the lens of the camera and, according to the invention, consists of the combination of a direct image aperture ( 3 ) for the objective of the camera ( 7 ) and one or more indirect image apertures ( 2 ) between mirrors or in prisms, each with their image reflection surfaces ( 4 , 5 ), the two or more copies of the same viewing image field ( 8 ) from the locally offset viewing points to the lens of the camera ( 7 ).

The invention reduces u. a. ver the technical effort Similar cameras with multiple lenses or cameras with a lens and superimposed mirrors or prisms. It delivers instead of two stereo images or instead of several 3D stripe images one inside the other fluent recording, also with appropriate number of strips large as a poster, without 3D glasses or other Aid can be viewed three-dimensionally, including for Video, television, film and slide projection, e.g. B. at nine in flowing stripes with an image size up to approx. 54 cm, larger within a non-3D image.

With these and other technical advantages, the Kom bi-image splitter a trend-setting innovation for 3D Image design and for 3D image viewing.

For filming or photographing three-dimensional images used different devices so far; for moving Motifs preferably cameras with two or more objects tives in horizontal viewing distance or two or more cameras synchronized with each other, the object at the same time from a laterally offset viewing distance men, or also prism or mirror attachments for only one Camera or for only one lens. Dormant motives are included the same devices or one after the other with only A camera or lens can be stereo-illuminated. In usually a change of position of the camera in the Human eye distance, d. H. by approx. 65 mm. For this serve sliding, swiveling and rocking devices for the Camera to fix the situation.

The present invention relates to mirror or prisms intentions in front of the lens of the camera through one additional direct image path can be supplemented.

The previous mirror attachments need for non-sides wrong recordings of the stereo double image at least 4 Mirrors that have to be aligned exactly with each other. Dreidi Dimensional recordings as stripe images are so far  because only in pairs. So you need for the four-stripe picture at least 6 mirrors. In general: required game number of gel equals number of vertical image strips plus two. So far, prismatic attachments have been preferred used by stereo images. For the stereo double image two prisms arranged in pairs are necessary. They have, like the cameras with multiple lenses, only one close viewing distance and therefore only see distant objects little plastic. Mirror attachments are if necessary. adjustable, but mostly also at a fixed viewing distance of approx. 65 mm.

Glass mirrors mirrored on the back create in the edges area, corresponding to the glass thickness, reflections or streak of light fen. Mostly reflecting mirrors are on the front sensitive to scratches and dirt. Cameras with two or more more lenses as well as attachment prisms and for the most part the mirror attachments are also firmly focused. Very close Objects are only partially captured. The previous stereo or stripes are clearly separated from each other and without three-dimensional consideration, it is not very attractive and as Photos only approx. 50 mm, maximum 60 mm narrow. Photo strips pictures of moving motifs that flow into each other as a closed picture appear and represent it as a poster bar, previously required additional image processing and a very high technical and also artistic Commitment. The effort to record and play stereos koper spatial images are relatively high and limit their ver spread. Exception: the very small, directly viewable stereo photos less than 60 minutes wide. With size A distinction is made between the playback format and the anaglyph ver proceed with the image acquisition in the complementary colors, e.g. B. teal and red and as black and white images by ent to consider speaking colored glasses, recently also as three-color print, overall poor quality.

Special films are used in the vector process, in which the fields lie on top of each other in layers.

The camera has polarization filters. Consider are the pictures using polarized glasses.

Lenticular images, holographies and other processes are even more complex. Most of the time, however, are the stereo images using the above, less expensive Mirror or prism attachments or the already more expensive multi Lens cameras added and for the larger format slides are produced. For playback, at for example, from two slide projectors, the picture becomes kicked against each other by 90 degrees and polarized the images viewed through polarized glasses on the silver screen tet. Another disadvantage is the high light requirement due to the Polarization losses.

Brockhaus: Natural Sciences and Technology, 1983, Volume 5, Page 49, 3D-Magazin, issues 1995 and 1994, Hobby-Tip No. 234.

The main tasks of the invention are to reduce the technical outlay, such as a lower number of mirrors or prisms, and lower production costs, as well as direct recordings of aesthetic images with high image quality. Instead of separate, side-by-side images, the half or stripe images should preferably flow into one another and thus combine two or more separate partial images into a common image, in symmetry and aesthetics, also in large-scale images, as postcards, in periodicals, as posters and also as video, television or slide pictures, all without further technical aids, such as. B. stereoscopes, a second synchronized projector tor, polarization, 3- D glasses, etc. can be viewed; preferably large-scale as impressive images and also to find their way into the press and advertising.

Other objects of the invention are: instead of the pair Stripe numbers are also intended to represent odd stripe numbers be cash. The mirrors are to be designed so that disturbing Light reflections disappear and preferably simple, back mirrored glass mirrors are applicable.

On the one hand, the invention should preferably focus allow the mirror to the respective object distance to another is the camera viewing distance between the mirrors be variable so that even distant objects when re- gift appear plastic.

The main tasks of the invention are solved by the combination image divider ( 1 ) in that it has the combination of a direct image passage ( 3 ) for the camera, preferably with image mixing edge (s, 6 ) and one or more image passages ( 2 ) made of mirrors or Prisms with their image reflection surfaces ( 4 , 5 ) which simultaneously feed two or more images of the same viewing image field ( 8 ) from spatially offset viewing points to the lens of the camera ( 7 ).

The direct image passage ( 3 ), arranged in the center and only on one side for stereo images, allows the recording of one of the stereo or stripe images without the need for front mirrors, prisms or an additional lens. The camera ( 7 ) detects one of the vertical right-hand image strips through direct image transmission, without loss of light from the mirrors or prisms, and is preferably particularly clear, bright and plastic as a central image, in contrast to the indirectly recorded edge image strips. This emphasizes the symmetry and aesthetics. The adjacent image mixing edges ( 6 ) of the mirrors or the prisms lead to the desired scattering or image fusion with the stripe images from the indirect image passages ( 2 ) and to a single closed overall image. The image mixing edges ( 6 ) are created by grinding, the side of the interior mirror facing the camera or the corresponding edge of the prism.

The reproduction of the viewing image field ( 8 ), in addition to the direct image from the direct image passage ( 3 ) for the stripe image, is carried out in the indirect image passages ( 2 ) alternatively either by dividing the outer reflection surface ( 5 ) into stripe-shaped, parallel, oblique to each other and in each case to the viewing image field ( 8 ) from partial areas ( 5.1 , 5.2 , 5.3 etc.) or in the same way by dividing the inner reflection surface ( 4 ) by corresponding partial areas ( 4.1 , 4.2 , 4.3 etc.).

Further objects of the invention are achieved as follows: the mirrors or prisms are focused with the aid of an axis or shaft for the mirror or prism pivoting ( 12 ). For this purpose, all reflection surfaces ( 4 , 5 ), left and right of the direct image passage ( 3 ), preferably at the same time with the aid of appropriate adjusting devices, such as levers, spindles, etc., are pivoted about the axis of rotation ( 12 ) and aligned with the object to be photographed. Alternatively, the same devices are used for this purpose, but with which only the inside mirrors ( 4 ) or the outside mirrors ( 5 ) are pivoted separately on the pivot axes ( 14 ) or ( 15 ) and aligned with the object to be picked up. For more plastic Dar position distant objects serves the Verschiebevorrich device ( 18 ), preferably as a sliding guide with mirror holder.

To avoid reflections and streaks of light from the Spiegeldicke, normal, mirrored mirrors on the back can be used for the fields and 3-stripes, provided that the interior mirror has the sharpened image mixing edge ( 6 ) and the exterior reflection surface ( 5 ) covers the reflection image. In the case of more than three stripe images, the additional outer reflection surfaces ( 5.2 ) are alternatively mirrored on the front or all inner reflection surfaces ( 4.1 , ( 4.2 ) are mirrored as inner segments on the front. Combination image dividers that are made for 3, 5, 7 etc. image strips , also allow the recording of fewer image strips, provided that the camera lens has adjustable focal lengths, which constrict the cone of view of the camera lens, which is focused in the smallest focal length for the maximum number of strips, with a larger focal length and occupy a smaller number of strips For example, instead of 5 strips, only 3 or only one image for single recording If all strips are to be occupied even with a long focal length, a shifting device ( 18 ) of the camera ( 7 ), eg. B. on the base part of the Koinbi image splitter ( 13 ) or a Ver shifting device ( 17 ) with which the mirror or Prismensys system closer to the camera positi is allocated.

As the photos from the test samples prove, can be with the features disclosed here all listed Avoid disadvantages compared to the prior art.  

Examples of the design of the combination image divider

Fig. 1 shows the simplest embodiment of a combination image splitter ( 1 ) for recording stereo fields, each from the direct image passage ( 3 ) as a field ( 9 ) and from the indirect image passage ( 2 ) as a field ( 10 ). The indi rect image passage ( 2 ) consists of a prism or simple glass mirror mirrored on the back and like the prism with the reflection surfaces ( 5 , 4 ). The inside mirror is sharpened with the edge to the camera ( 7 ) as a blending edge ( 6 ). The combination image divider is screwed directly to the camera lens or otherwise connected to the camera. In stereo viewing, the human brain mixes the two flowing images into a 3-part overall picture, the middle picture appearing three-dimensionally.

Fig. 2 shows a combination image divider in a similar design, but with 2 indirect image passages ( 2 ), each to the right and left of the direct, centrally located image passage ( 3 ). In the stereo view, a four-part overall picture appears with two middle three-dimensional, flowing strip images.

Fig. 3 shows an example of a 5-strip combination image splitter with division of the outer reflection surfaces in the inner partial surface ( 5.1 ) and the outer partial surface ( 5.2 ). When viewing the finished images in 3D, 4 of the total of 6 image strips appear three-dimensionally. The design of the indirect image passages ( 2 ) for these combination image dividers is characterized by the following two figures:

Fig. 4 shows the embodiment for one of the two indirect image shows passages in a mirror system: The reflecting surfaces (4) and (5.1) are located on simple, back verspie apply glass mirror. The glass mirror ( 5.1 ) is ground to the reflection surface 5.2 , corresponding to the beam path of the reflected image from ( 5.2 ), sharpened, similar to the inside mirror with its image mixing edge ( 6 ) to the image beam path of the direct image passage ( 3 ). The reflection surface ( 5.2 ) is located on a mirror on the front.

Fig. 5 shows the corresponding embodiment in the prism system. Both versions ( Fig. 4 and Fig. 5) also characterize the focusing system:

The indirect image passage ( 2 ) according to FIG. 3 or the indirect image passages of the other figures are preferably by means of the respective shaft or axis of the mirror or prism pivot ( 12 ) and corresponding actuating devices, including levers, shaft etc., simultaneously and synchronously with the align or swivel the object to be recorded, either manually or in conjunction with the lens setting.

Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 also show in an example, the further task of the indirect image passage ( 2 ), the viewing image field ( 8 ) in additional stripes to ver ver, here, for example, each for an overall image of 5-stripe images. Each of the outer reflection surfaces ( 5 ) is divided into 2 fields, namely the inner partial surface ( 5.1 ) and the outer partial surface ( 5.2 ). In another arrangement, each with 3-field division, the total of the stripes increases to 7 for the overall picture and to 9 for a 4-field division.

Fig. 6 indicates other devices, especially for mirror systems and for targeting the indirect image passages on the respective object, but not the entire indirect image passage ( 2 ), but only alternatively the outside mirrors of the outer reflection surfaces ( 5 , 5.1 , 5.2 ) etc. can be actuated by means of the axis or shaft for the outside mirror arm ( 15 ), or the inside mirrors with the inside and inside reflecting surfaces ( 4 , 4.1 , 4.2 ) etc., by means of the axis or shaft for the inside mirror pivoting ( 14 ) .

Fig. 7 and Fig. 8 show further execution examples for the duplication of the viewing field ( 8 ) again for a 5-stripe image and alternatively for mirror and prism systems, but with divided internal reflection surfaces. Fig. 7 shows the example of a mirror system with a mirror on the front. Fig. 8 shows a prism design.

Fig. 9 indicates a device for changing the viewing distance between the direct viewing passages ( 3 ) and the outer reflection surfaces ( 5 ) of the outside mirror, here as an example of a 3-stripe image. As the viewing distance increases, the plastic perception of distant objects increases. The viewing distance is changed by means of the sliding device ( 16 ) for the exterior mirrors. The displacement device ( 16 ) preferably consists of a stationary sliding guide on or in the swivel holder ( 7 ) or on or in the base part ( 13 ) of the combination image divider ( 1 ) and a movable sliding part. On the sliding part in the sliding guide, the exterior mirrors are either fixed or pivotable. The position of the exterior mirrors is changed, preferably synchronously and at the same time, manually via a lever or motorically via a spindle with left and right-hand threads and transport nuts. In other versions, lever systems are used instead of slide guides. The Fig. 10 and (4) or (4.1, 4.2) and so vary the distance of the camera (7) to the inner-reflective surfaces so 11 show embodiments that the focal distance-dependent angle of view and a view cone of the camera objective (7) , each corresponding to the desired number of strips, the inner reflective surfaces detected. Alternatively, the combination image divider ( 1 ) or the camera ( 7 ) can be moved towards or apart from one another.

Figure 10 shows the embodiment for a displacement device for changing the position of the combination image divider ( 1 ) and Fig. 11 shows an alternative embodiment in which the camera ( 7 ) is moved relative to the combination image divider. Combination image dividers ( 1 ) also require the outer mirrors to be divided according to their position if there is a larger viewing distance between the exterior mirrors.

Fig. 12 shows an embodiment of an indirect image passage for each three, here separate exterior mirrors, with the outer reflection surfaces ( 5.1 , 5.2 ) 5.3 ) for 7-Strei fen-combi-splitter ( 1 ). The exterior and interior mirrors are in respective embodiments of a part of FIG. 4 and FIG. 6 pivoted at the same time on the required distance variab len view the embodiment with the additional facilities to Fig. 12 is advantageous. By means of manual or automatic, preferably with the camera-syn chronous distance or viewing distance adjustment ( 23 ) of the exterior mirrors and through the stationary pivot point ( 24 ) of the lever pivoting device ( 20 ), on the one hand the separate exterior mirrors are moved linearly, here to the left, parallel to their bevelled, front mirror edge and inside the sliding device ( 16 ), which is designed as a sliding guide, the variable viewing distance between the mirrors being changed. On the other hand, by pivoting the levers, the mirrors are also pivoted or aligned to the object and depending on the distance of the object. For this purpose, the exterior mirrors are each rotatably mounted in the movable sliding part in the displacement device ( 16 ). The swivel movement can be adjusted to the desired swivel using shorter or longer scissor levers ( 21 ). The individual mirrors are each attached to the lever swivel device.

It means:

Reference list

1 combination image divider
2 indirect image transmission
3 direct image transmission
4 Internal reflection surface of the prisms or mirrors
4.1 inner partial surface of the inner reflection surface
4.2 outer partial surface of the inner reflection surface
5 External reflection surface of the prisms or mirrors
5.1 inner partial surface of the outer reflection surface
5.2 outer partial surface of the outer reflection surface
6 image blending edge
7 camera
8 viewing image field
9 direct half or stripe image
10 indirect half or stripe image
11 swivel bracket for mirrors
12 axis or shaft for mirror or prism swivel
13 Basic part of the combination image divider
14 axis or shaft for interior mirror swivel
15 axis or shaft for swinging outside mirrors
16 Sliding device for the exterior mirrors
17 Sliding device for the interior mirrors
18 Slider for the camera
19 Central image parallel adjustment of the interior mirrors
20 lever swiveling device for the exterior mirrors
21 extended parallelogram levers
22 Lever attachment to the outside mirror
23 Distance or viewing distance adjustment
24 stationary fulcrum.

Claims (8)

1. Combined image divider ( 1 ) in front of the lens of the photo film or video camera ( 7 ) for photographing or filming three-dimensional viewable images, each of which is taken from two or more image strips of the same viewing image field ( 8 ) from spatially offset viewing points , characterized in that in combination of a direct image passage ( 3 ), which preferably has one or two image mixing edge (s, 6 ), an indirect or more indirect image passages ( 2 ) are assigned, which have mirrors or prisms with which Image reflection surfaces ( 4 , 5 ). 2. Combined image divider according to claim 1, characterized in that for five or more image strips, the reflection surfaces ( 4 ) or ( 5 ) of the mirrors or prisms in two or more partial reflection surfaces ( 4.1 , 4.2 ) etc., or ( 5.1, 5.2 ) etc. are divided, which feed each other, slightly angled, separate, adjoining or flowing into each other flowing images of the same viewing image field ( 8 ) from their respective different positions to the lens of the camera ( 7 ). 3. Combined image divider according to claim 1, characterized in that the indirect image passages ( 2 ), with their mirrors or prisms have a pivoting device and bearing, with de NEN the mirrors or prisms with their reflection surfaces together or individually, by hand or automatically, preferably combined with the lens setting, to be aligned to the respective object to be imaged. 4, combination image divider according to claim 1, characterized in that the indirect image passages ( 2 ) have one or more Ver shifting devices ( 16 ) with which the distance between the inside mirror ( 4 ) and the outside mirror ( 5 ) and the viewing distance between the direct and the indirect image, preferably depending on the distance of the target image object, can be changed manually or partially or fully automatically. 5. combi-image divider according to claim 1, characterized in that the cone of view of the camera ( 7 ), the internal reflection surfaces of the mirror or prisms alternatively or together by a displacement device ( 17 ) for the inside mirror or for the combi-image divider ( 1 ) or / and by a sliding device for the camera ( 7 ) by the change in the distance between the camera and the internal reflection surfaces ( 4 ), preferably in the area of all stripe images and preferably in combination with the lens setting of the camera, fully detected. 6. Combi-image divider according to claim 1, characterized in that the direct image passage ( 3 ), adjustable in its passage width, with a central image parallel adjustment ( 19 ) is permitted, which is operated manually, partially or fully automatically. 7. Combined image divider according to claim 1, characterized in that the image mixing edges ( 6 ), preferably the inside mirror ( 4 ) and at least one mirror edge of the outside mirror ( 5.1 , 5.2 ) etc. are ausgebil det as a bevel edge. 8. Combined image divider according to claim 1, characterized in that, for the purpose of distance and swivel adjustment of the exterior mirrors ( 5.1 , 5.2 , 5.3 ) etc., the combined image divider has at least one, preferably scissor-like, lever swivel device ( 20 ) , which is manually, partially or fully automatically and preferably coupled with the lens setting, be operated.