DE19512998A1 - Combustion engine with vibratory work unit - Google Patents

Abstract

The vibratory work unit is suitable for multiple drive tasks. It comprises a blade, describing a swivel-rotary movement. Pref. the best shape of the blade is trapezoidal. The arm of the unit moves at a specified angle w.r.t. the crank system. The specified angle is related to a swing component of selected static vol., and to instantaneous ratios of the crank to the swing system. The compression ratio can be changed by changing the arm length by eccentric setting of the swing arm bolt.

Description

The system is based on the working periods of a piston engine with internal combustion, but the thrust-turning movement of the Unit of work is replaced by the swinging turning movement.

Force impulses from combustion gases act on a blade-shaped part and become converted into a torque via the work unit.

As shown in the diagram of the kinematics, Fig. 1 of the drawings, the pressure increase resulting from the combustion of the fuel-air mixture in the combustion chamber acts on the blade of a pendulum element and generates the Pendelmo element. This moment is converted into the torque in the crank system via the pendulum shaft, swing arm and connecting rod and finally transferred to the large flywheel.

Due to the long arm of the resultants of the gas pressure and the large pendulum angle a high pendulum moment is achieved. This enables this work system and the kinematic arrangement a more effective use of energy. Lead to that compared to conventional engine designs, a number of new or deeper analyzed factors, which in their entirety offer further advantages, such as:

• 1. Small and light engine block.
• 2. Low manufacturing costs.
• 3. The different radii of the angular movement (difference in decree ment of the volume on the larger radius in relation to the volume the smaller radius) additionally forces the flow of air or Mix in the radial direction (inwards). This creates better conditions conditions for mixing both the fuel with the air and the Flame front after ignition and leads to better combustion.
• 4. The possible use of a full roller bearing causes a smaller one Friction resistance, whereby a longer service life is also achieved.
• 5. Large stroke volume (due to pendulum stroke) with smaller stroke of the pendulum mass center of gravity and shorter angular path of the mass center.
• 6. The system can be used for spark ignition as well as for self-ignition be used.
• 7. The round shape of the construction results in great rigidity.
• 8. Possible use of gear control with overhead control waves due to small wheelbase.
• 9. Relief of the swing arm crankshaft area from inertial forces Pendulum masses with a view to braking the masses when awakening the compression pressure in the chamber in the final phase of each pendulum Period.
• 10. Using a very short connecting rod causes:
• a) smaller connecting rod mass and greater kink resistance,  
• b) rapid increase in the theoretical connecting rod arm (in the crank system), which is of great importance in the initial phase of relaxation is, d. H. with gas high pressure relaxation.
• 11. Great durability and reliability when the engine is exploited.

The design of a variant is shown in the drawings in FIGS. 3 to 6. In order to achieve full symmetry and all periods at the same time (intake, compression, work and exhaust), a 4-cycle process (4 combustion chambers = 2 work rooms) was first selected. A multiplicity of the system can be implemented (e.g. 8, 12, 16,... Chambers) and a different number of chambers is possible in the event of a design change.

The drawings FIGS. 7 to 12 contain a 2-stroke method with a calculation process.

These documents are to be regarded as an example of the execution and are intended to contribute to better understanding.  

Legend

αp = angle between the swing arm and crankshaft axis in the turning position of the blade element,
βw = angle between the turning positions of the blade element,
Point 1 = turning position on the combustion chamber head,
Point 2 = turning position of the crank,
rw = swing arm radius,
rwz = variable swing arm, vertical in the direction of the force acting along the connecting rod axis (theoretical arm),
rk = crank arm in the crank system (constant radius),
rkz = variable crank arm (theoretically) perpendicular to the force acting in the direction of the connecting rod,
Pkt.z = axial position of the connecting rod head on the curvature determined by the swing arm radius,
Pk: .z ′ = axial position of the connecting rod foot in connection with point z on the curvature determined by the crank radius,
Mwz = the pendulum moment variable in value and direction
n, Mkz = direction of rotation and action of the connecting rod torque, which is variable in value
iz = instantaneous translations that arise between the instantaneous theoretical values of the crank arm and the instantaneous theoretical values of the swing arm.

List of parts for drawing Fig. 3

Item designation
1 control shaft
2 valve levers (schematic)
3 valve spring (schematic)
4 outlet valve (schematic)
5 suction valve
6 sealing segments (between combustion chambers, blades and the lateral surfaces of the pendulum element)
7 chamber head
8 pendulum shaft channel
9 pendulum element
10 housing
11 cooling water room
12 screwing of the side walls
13 rolling bearings
14 valve timing gear
15 hood
16 crank swing arm system
17 Oil pan of the crank arm system
18 pack
19 Side hoods of the work area

Legend

Ka outlet duct
Ks intake duct
Rs intake pipe
Vs intake valve
Va exhaust valve
Pu reversal point (I and II) of the blade-pendulum element
Oil lubricating and cooling oil

Functional description of the scheme of the kinematics Fig. 5

Phase I: Unit I (left side):

• - Chamber 1 - compression
• - Chamber 2 - relaxation (work)

Unit II: (right side):

• - Chamber 3 - outlet
• - Chamber 4 - inlet (suction)

Phase II: Unit I (left side):

• - Chamber 1 - relaxation (work)
• - Chamber 2 - outlet

Unit II (right side):

• - Chamber 3 - inlet (suction)
• - Chamber 4 - compression

Underlying angle values:
30 ° <αp <60 °
60 ° <βw <120 °

Legend

αp - angle between pendulum and connecting rod shaft in the turning positions of the vibration unit. (Phase I - crank turn, Phase II - combustion chamber head turn)
βw - pendulum angle of the vibration unit
Mw - pendulum moment (+)
rws - constant pendulum arm
rks - constant crank arm
rwz - variable pendulum arm
rkz - variable crank arm
k - connecting rod
n - number of turns and direction
Ka - outlet duct
Ks - intake duct
Swing unit - consists of blades, pendulum shaft - and swing arm, which is connected to the connecting rod and the crank system.

List of positions for drawing Fig. 6

Item designation
1 hood
2 combustion chamber head with valve control gear (2 exhaust valves)
3 Spark plug for spark ignition. Injection for self-ignition
4 Outer housing of the work area
5 screw connection
6 work room with combustion chamber
7 vibration unit
8 sealing segments for the work area
9 combustion chamber
10 blade shape in section AA

List of positions of a two-stroke engine with a single-bladed oscillating unit, drawing Fig. 7

Item designation
1 hood
2 combustion chamber heads with valve control gear (3 exhaust valves possible)
3 Spark plug for spark ignition. Injection for self-ignition
4 screw connection
5 Outer housing of the work area
6 Swinging unit (= work unit) consisting of a shovel, pendulum shaft and swing arm
7 work space
8 sealing segments of the vibration unit
9 rolling bearings
10 shovel of the vibrating unit
11 Lateral walls of the work area (the inner wall is also the housing for the crank swing arm system)
12 crank-swing arm mechanism
13 Housing of the crank arm system

Functional description of the scheme of the kinematics drawing Fig. 8

Phase I: relaxation = work
Inversion of the vibration unit on the combustion chamber head
Phase II: compression
Inversion of the vibration unit on the crankshaft
Outlet and inlet (suction)
Based on angular values:
0 <αp <30 °
90 ° <βw <120 °

Legend

αp - angle between pendulum and connecting rod shaft in the turning position of the combustion chamber head
βw - pendulum angle of the vibration unit
Mw - pendulum moment (+) from relaxation
Mwo - pendulum moment (-) resistance (results mainly from the back pressure of the compression as well as from the outlet and inlet
rws - constant pendulum arm
rks - constant crank arm
rwz - variable pendulum arm
rkz - variable crank arm

Figure designation

1 diagram of the kinematics
2 Position of the swing arm in relation to the crank system
3 four-stroke engine, compilation
4 pendulum element with combustion chamber, section AA
5 Pendulum element with combustion chamber, section BB
6 Cross-section with a diagram of the kinematics of the crank arm system
7 two-stroke engine with single-blade oscillation unit
8 Scheme of the kinematics of the crank-swing arm system of a two-stroke engine with a single-blade swing unit
9 Kinematic schemes for two- or four-stroke engines
10 Scheme I, two-stroke, two-chamber engine
11a / b Scheme II, two-stroke two-chamber diesel engine
12a / b calculation, two-stroke process with two combustion chambers

Claims (4)

1. Internal combustion engine with a vibrating work unit for versatile drive tasks, characterized in that the blade of the work unit used describes a swinging-turning movement. 2. Internal combustion engine according to claim 1, in which an optimal shaped blade of the working unit z. B. the trapeze could have a similar shape. 3. Internal combustion engine according to claim 1, wherein the arm of the vibration unit moves at an angle βw at a certain setting in relation to the crank system, wherein βw is a component in the choice of the pendulum (stroke) volume.
αp determines the current transmission ratio of the crank system in relation to the vibration system The choice of αp determines the instantaneous value of the transmission ratio iz, which can reach the swinging arm angular path at the pendulum angle (βw = 110 ° to approximately 1.9.
The position of the swing arm to the crank system is shown in drawing Fig. 2 of the system 3. 4. Internal combustion engine according to claim 1, wherein a change of Degree of compaction by changing the length of the swing arm by means of an eccentric mounting of the swing arm pin (Rotary eccentric on swing arm pin) is achieved. This enables both spark ignition and auto-ignition (Diesel) with almost the same construction.