DE19508821A1 - Solar-powered sea water desalination - Google Patents

Solar-powered sea water desalination

Info

Publication number
DE19508821A1
DE19508821A1 DE19508821A DE19508821A DE19508821A1 DE 19508821 A1 DE19508821 A1 DE 19508821A1 DE 19508821 A DE19508821 A DE 19508821A DE 19508821 A DE19508821 A DE 19508821A DE 19508821 A1 DE19508821 A1 DE 19508821A1
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
container
membrane
solution
sea water
concentrated
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
DE19508821A
Other languages
German (de)
Inventor
Emil Pfautsch
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to DE19508821A priority Critical patent/DE19508821A1/en
Publication of DE19508821A1 publication Critical patent/DE19508821A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
    • C02F1/04—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
    • C02F1/14—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation using solar energy
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
    • B01D61/02—Reverse osmosis; Hyperfiltration ; Nanofiltration
    • B01D61/10—Accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
    • Y02A20/124—Water desalination
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
    • Y02A20/124—Water desalination
    • Y02A20/131—Reverse-osmosis
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
    • Y02A20/124—Water desalination
    • Y02A20/138—Water desalination using renewable energy
    • Y02A20/142—Solar thermal; Photovoltaics
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
    • Y02A20/20—Controlling water pollution; Waste water treatment
    • Y02A20/208—Off-grid powered water treatment
    • Y02A20/212—Solar-powered wastewater sewage treatment, e.g. spray evaporation

Abstract

The solar sea water desalination assembly has a semi-permeable membrane in each of two containers (A,B). A concentrated salt solution is held in one container (C) with a pipe connection to the second container (B). Sea water is in front of the membrane in the first container (A), to seep through into the container (A) and build up an osmotic pressure to press the sea water through the membrane to emerge as sweet water. The brine concentration is maintained by an enrichment assembly with a cube frame with thorn twigs with the wide sides to the wind. The solution is delivered to the top of the thorn twigs to be concentrated by wind action, to be collected in a basin at the bottom, to be evaporated partially in flat basins for increased concentration. When at the required concentration level, it is returned to the first container (A) to build up osmotic pressure.

Description

In zwei Behältern A und B befinden sich je eine halbdurchlässige Membrane die nur E Wasser und kein Salz durchläßt. In den Hohlraum C befindet sich konzentrierte Salzlösung mit einen Salzgehalt von 200 g/L. An der Membrane 2 liegt im Hohlraum E Meerwasser mit einer Konzentration von 35 g/L an. Das Meerwasser diffundiert durch die Membrane 2 in die höherkonzentrierte Lösung in den Hohlraum C. Der Hohlraum C ist durch eine Rohrleitung mit dem Hohlraum D des Behälter B verbunden.In two containers A and B there are semi-permeable membranes that only allow E water and no salt. In the cavity C there is concentrated salt solution with a salt content of 200 g / L. Seawater with a concentration of 35 g / L is present in the cavity E on the membrane 2 . The sea water diffuses through the membrane 2 into the more concentrated solution into the cavity C. The cavity C is connected to the cavity D of the container B by a pipeline.

In den Hohlraum C des Behälters A baut das hereindiffundierte Wasser einen Druck auf. Dieser Druck wird auf die verschiebbare Membrane 7 übertragen und drückt normales Meerwasser, was sich vor der Membrane 7 befindet, durch die Membrane 2 des Behälters B. In den Hohlraum F des Behälter B bildet sich Süßwasser. Dieser Vorgang dauert nur so lange, bis sich die konzentrierte Salzlösung in den Behälter A im Hohlraum C verdünnt hat, und damit der osmotische Druck nachläßt.The water diffused into the cavity C of the container A builds up a pressure. This pressure is transferred to the displaceable membrane 7 and presses normal sea water, which is located in front of the membrane 7 , through the membrane 2 of the container B. Fresh water is formed in the cavity F of the container B. This process only lasts until the concentrated salt solution has diluted into the container A in the cavity C, and thus the osmotic pressure subsides.

Deshalb wird die verdünnte Lösung von Behälter A in den Hohlraum C durch die Pumpe 3 in das Flachbecken 4 geleitet, dort verdunstet durch die Einwirkung der Sonne ein Teil des Wassers der Lösung, und die Lösung wird aufkonzentriert. Ein anderer Teil der Lösung aus den Behälter A wird durch die Pumpe 3 in ein Gradierwerk gegeben.Therefore, the dilute solution of container A is passed into the cavity C by the pump 3 in the shallow pool 4 , where part of the water of the solution evaporates due to the action of the sun, and the solution is concentrated. Another part of the solution from the container A is given by the pump 3 in a graduation tower.

Dieses besteht aus einem rechteckigen Quader, in dem sich Dornreisig befindet. Die Breitseiten des Quaders werden dem Wind ausgesetzt, und die Lösung die von oben auf die Dornreiser gegeben wird, wird durch den Wind der das Wasser der Lösung verdunstet aufkonzentriert. Die aufkonzentrierte Lösung wird durch die Pumpe 3 wieder in den Hohlraum C des Behälters A gegeben. Wobei beachtet werden muß, daß sich in den Hohlraum D des Behälters B sich die Salzkonzentration des Meerwassers erhöht, wobei der Hohlraum B von Zeit zu Zeit mit frischem Meerwasser geflutet werden muß. Die Anlage ist wesentlich kostengünstiger als eine Destillationsanlage, kann jedoch mit einer Destillationsanlage gekoppelt werden, wenn Salzsohle anfällt.This consists of a rectangular cuboid with twigs in it. The broad sides of the cuboid are exposed to the wind, and the solution that is poured onto the thorn veins from above is concentrated by the wind that evaporates the water of the solution. The concentrated solution is returned to the cavity C of the container A by the pump 3 . It must be noted that the salt concentration of the sea water increases in the cavity D of the container B, the cavity B having to be flooded with fresh sea water from time to time. The plant is much cheaper than a distillation plant, but can be coupled to a distillation plant if the brine is required.

BezugszeichenlisteReference list

1 Behälter A und B
2 Halbdurchlässige Membranen
3 Pumpe
4 Flachbecken
5 Quaderförmiges Gestell
6 Auffangwanne für Salzsohle 1 container A and B
2 semipermeable membranes
3 pump
4 shallow pools
5 rectangular frame
6 collecting tray for salt sole

Claims (1)

Solare Meerwasserentsalzungsanlage, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sich in zwei Behältern A und B sich je eine halbdurchläßige Membrane befindet. In den Hohlraum des einen Behälters befindet sich konzentrierte Salzlösung und ist durch eine Rohrleitung mit dem Hohlraum des Behälters B verbunden. Vor der Membrane des Behälters A befindet sich Meerwasser. Dieses diffundiert durch die Membrane in den Hohlraum des Behälters A und baut einen osmotischen Druck auf. Dieser Druck überträgt sich auf eine bewegliche Membrane in der Rohrleitung und drückt Meerwasser durch die Membrane des Behälters B. An dieser Membrane entsteht Süßwasser.
Zur Aufrechterhaltung der Konzentration der Lösung dient ein Gradierwerk, das aus einen quaderförmigen Gestell besteht.
In dem Gestell befindet sich Dornreisig und wird mit den Breitseiten den Wind ausgesetzt. Die lösung wird von oben auf das Dornreisig gegeben, wo sie sich unter der Wirkung des Windes konzentriert. In einen Auffangbecken sammelt sie sich. Die vorkonzentrierte Lösung wird nun in ein Flachbecken gegeben, wo sie der Sonne ausgesetzt wird und ein Teil des Wassers der Lösung verdunstet und die Lösung wird konzentrierter. Ist der Konzentrationsgrad erreicht, so wird die konzentrierte Lösung in den Hohlraum des Behälters A gegeben wo sich der osmotische Druck wieder aufbaut.Solar seawater desalination plant, characterized in that there is a semipermeable membrane in each of two containers A and B. Concentrated salt solution is located in the cavity of one container and is connected to the cavity of container B by a pipeline. Sea water is located in front of the membrane of tank A. This diffuses through the membrane into the cavity of container A and builds up an osmotic pressure. This pressure is transferred to a movable membrane in the pipeline and presses sea water through the membrane of tank B. Fresh water is generated on this membrane.
To maintain the concentration of the solution, a graduation system is used, which consists of a rectangular frame.
Thorn twigs are in the frame and the broad sides are exposed to the wind. The solution is poured from above onto the twigs, where it is concentrated under the action of the wind. It collects in a catch basin. The pre-concentrated solution is now placed in a shallow basin where it is exposed to the sun and part of the water in the solution evaporates and the solution becomes more concentrated. When the degree of concentration is reached, the concentrated solution is added to the cavity of container A, where the osmotic pressure builds up again.
DE19508821A 1995-03-11 1995-03-11 Solar-powered sea water desalination Withdrawn DE19508821A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19508821A DE19508821A1 (en) 1995-03-11 1995-03-11 Solar-powered sea water desalination

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19508821A DE19508821A1 (en) 1995-03-11 1995-03-11 Solar-powered sea water desalination

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
DE19508821A1 true DE19508821A1 (en) 1995-10-05

Family

ID=7756412

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
DE19508821A Withdrawn DE19508821A1 (en) 1995-03-11 1995-03-11 Solar-powered sea water desalination

Country Status (1)

Country Link
DE (1) DE19508821A1 (en)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10000874A1 (en) * 2000-01-12 2001-07-19 Klaus Brinkmann Emergency cross-flow water filter is contained within portable case and electrically powered by solar cells or wind generator
WO2005049500A1 (en) * 2003-11-18 2005-06-02 Söll Gmbh Device and method for treating water with the aid of membranes
US8685252B2 (en) 2010-02-04 2014-04-01 Dxv Water Technologies, Llc Water treatment systems and methods
US10513446B2 (en) 2014-10-10 2019-12-24 EcoDesal, LLC Depth exposed membrane for water extraction

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10000874A1 (en) * 2000-01-12 2001-07-19 Klaus Brinkmann Emergency cross-flow water filter is contained within portable case and electrically powered by solar cells or wind generator
WO2005049500A1 (en) * 2003-11-18 2005-06-02 Söll Gmbh Device and method for treating water with the aid of membranes
US8685252B2 (en) 2010-02-04 2014-04-01 Dxv Water Technologies, Llc Water treatment systems and methods
US8999162B2 (en) 2010-02-04 2015-04-07 Econopure Water Systems, Llc Water treatment systems and methods
US10513446B2 (en) 2014-10-10 2019-12-24 EcoDesal, LLC Depth exposed membrane for water extraction

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