DE1950091A1 - Propellant pack and bolt device for driving in a ram bolt - Google Patents

Description

PATENT ADVOCATE

8MÖNCHEN71, Oct. 3, 1969

Melchioretraße 42

My reference: 0M3P- 29 3

Omark Industries, Inc. 2100 SE Milport Road Portiand , Oregon V.St.A.

Propellant pack and bolt device for driving in a ram bolt

The invention relates to a propellant pack for use in the ram guide one with a sliding ram pin provided bolt device, and also a bolt device for driving in a ram bolt inserted in a ram guide into a hard object with the help of a propellant pack that can be inserted into the bolt device.

The driving of fastening pins, bolts, screws and the like (these various elements are hereinafter referred to as By hand into a hard object such as a concrete wall or concrete screed to secure Metal constructions in large buildings and plants is very difficult and time-consuming. Because of this, have already been a variety of bolting devices have been developed with which the

Ps / wi ram bolts

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Ram bolts driven by the explosive force of a propellant will.

These bolt devices can, in principle, be divided into two groups classify. One group can be described as a low-speed bolt device and the other group as a high speed bolt device ". The low-speed bolt device is constructed in such a way that the ram bolt goes into the The outlet-side opening of a tubular plunger guide is used in which a piston is arranged at a distance from the ram pin. One behind the piston, e.g. on the drawer side end of a tubular guide used propellant is ignited by a trigger mechanism, whereby the The piston is thrown against the ram pin at a high rate of acceleration. Such a bolt device is in US patent specification

2 239 121. In the high-speed bolt device, the ram bolt is inserted into the loading end of the tubular Leadership used. The propellant is located directly at the head end of the ram bolt and acts directly on it, whereby the ram pin accelerates over the entire length of the tubular guide and at a relatively high speed penetrates through the surface into the hard object. Such a bolt device is in US patent specification

3,221,966.

The high-speed bolt devices have the disadvantage that they generate a very loud operating noise and the The ram bolt flies at a very high speed, causing the hard object to splinter or rebound of the ram, if it hits the hard object, is very often unavoidable. The low-speed bolt devices have the disadvantage of a relatively high operating noise, a limited one Performance and very frequent damage to both the battering pin and the object into which it was driven should be, as the latter splinters.

- 2 - The

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The invention is based on the object of providing a propellant charge pack and a bolt device with which the aforementioned Disadvantages can be overcome and where the performance of a high speed bolt device and the relatively high security of a low-speed bolt device are united with each other. In addition, the bolt device should have a very simple structure and a good one Ensure suppression of the operating noise that the exploding propellant causes, with the addition of the danger a fragmentation of the hard object caused by driving in the ram is largely eliminated will.

Starting from the propellant packing mentioned at the beginning this object is achieved according to the invention in that the propellant pack comprises a deformable propellant cushion which is attached to the one end carries a propellant and its other end is suitable for resting on the ram bolt, and that the propellant cushion after the ignition of the propellant charge by the acting explosive force can be expanded so quickly that there is a Gas seal in the shock guide causes and then the explosive force transfers to the ram.

A propellant pack constructed according to these features of the invention has the advantage that the propellant charge pack lying against the ram bolt is so strong in the explosion expands so that it rests tightly against the walls of the tubular ram guide and the escape of the explosion noise thereby largely suppressed. Due to the relatively long leadership of the ram within the tubular Insert, which also rests with a fit on the ram, is a sound propagation backwards only marginally possible.

The propellant cushion provided in the propellant pack thus acts as a noise reducer and also has a favorable effect

- 3 - Transfer

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Transfer of the explosive force directly to the ram bolt. This will prevent the battering pin from penetrating the hard Subject particularly favored. In this respect, the type of driving in the ram also differs from the previous ones known bolt devices in which either the piston or the drive bolt is initially accelerated to a high speed the force required to drive the ram in from the kinetic energy of the accelerated Partly is won.

A bolt device designed according to the invention for the use of the propellant charge pack is characterized in that a tubular insert having the ram guide in a handle is arranged and at its lower end carries a guide extension that the lower one, the ram leading part of the tubular insert has a widening section in a corresponding approximately to the length of the ram Distance from the lower opening, in which a correspondingly conical thickening of the ram to limit the downward movement, after the ram has been withdrawn, the propellant pack in System on the ram and the ram bolt can be inserted into the ram guide in such a way that the tip of the ram bolt comes to rest at the lower end of the ram guide, and that by an impact pulse acting on the ram the ram penetrates into the propellant of the propellant pack and ignites it

The invention is shown for example in the drawing. Show it:

1 is a perspective view of a partially sectioned bolt device for driving in a ram bolt into a concrete slab;

- k - Fig. 2

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OM3P-293 FIG. 2 shows a longitudinal section through the bolt device;

Fig. 3 is a partially sectioned view of a ram bolt with an attached propellant pack according to the invention;

Fig. 4 is a partial view in section, from which on a partially driven ram bolts the mode of operation is recognizable;

5 shows a modified embodiment of the ram bolt; 6 shows a ram bolt according to a further embodiment.

According to Fig. 1 and 2, a bolt device 10 consists of an outer, serving as a handle 12 housing, which consists of a Cast plastic or the like. Can be made. A tubular insert 14 in the handle 12 consists of a Hard material, e.g. steel, and has a shock guide This tubular insert 14 extends through the handle 12, on which a Führungsansatζ 18 rests, the elongated End of the tubular insert 14- comprises. The leadership approach 18 has a widening appearance Part of the vertical positioning of the bolt device on the surface 20 of the hard object, the should be edited, facilitated. The outwardly widening part of the guide extension 18 is sound-absorbing Lining 22 poured out.

A ram 26 held in the ram guide 16 has a basically round cross-section, the lower part 28 of which is designed in such a way that it is as close as possible rests tightly against the lower part of the ram guide 16. A projection 30 located above part 28 is conical in shape, so that it is in a correspondingly conical shape

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Extension section 24 of the ram guide 16 can sit. This can be seen from FIG. 2. A mounting cap 32 is screwed onto the upper end of the tubular insert 14, the one sliding displacement of the above the extension 30 allows lying part of the ram in a hole provided in the cap. This way the upward movement becomes of the ram ram 26 is limited within the ram guide 16 by the projection 30, in that this against the mounting cap 32 strikes. The downward movement of the ram 26 is limited by the projection 30 when it is on the conical Extension from section 24- the ram guide 16 is seated. With the upper end of the ram 26 is a button 34 connected, which is used as a surcharge for a hammer 36 or the like. when using according to Jig. I serve.

In! Ig. 3 shows a ram bolt 38 in an intermediate position during the driving process. This ram bolt 38 consists of a shaft with a tip at one end and a head 40 at the other end. A propellant pack 42 is attached to the head 40 of the ram pin 38. This propellant charge pack 42 comprises a cylindrical propellant charge cushion 44 with an insert piece which can be displaced over the head 40 of the ram pin 38. _ And a recess at the opposite end, in which n e ^A pill shaped propellant charge 46 can be inserted. A washer 41 made of a deformable material is attached next to the pointed end of the ram bolt. This washer holds the ram pin 38 firmly in the ram guide with low friction and also interacts with the head 40 and the propellant pack 42 in order to align the ram pin along the axis of the ram guide 16 during the displacement.

The propellant charge pack 42 can also be constructed in such a way that the propellant charge 46 is encapsulated in a plastic propellant charge cushion 44 is. This propellant cushion made of a plastic can be used for special applications compared to the

- 6 - below

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plastic-coated propellant cushion described below Aluminum proves particularly advantageous. Such a plastic propellant pack 4-2 can also be placed flat on its head 4-0 of the ram bolt 38 rest so that on the insert piece can be dispensed with to slide onto the head of the ram bolt.

The ram bolt 38 is preferably made of a hard metal, E.g. steel, manufactured for the propellant cushion 4-4 a material use that is deformable under the influence of the exploding propellant and against the wall the ram guide 16 is applied in order to effect a gas-tight seal according to FIG. 4-. As a suitable material for the A soft aluminum has proven particularly useful. Plastics can be used as further suitable materials find, whereby a material known under the trademark "Teflon" is particularly favorable. The propellant pack is Coated on the outside with a lubricant 4-8 to reduce the friction between the propellant pack 4-2 and the steel wall reduce the ram guide 16 to a minimum. A coating has also proven to be a suitable lubricant a material known under the trademark "Teflon" when using a plastic propellant pack The plastic itself can have such good sliding properties that special measures to reduce the Friction can be dispensed with.

The propellant charge 4-6 is preferably made of a material that can deliver a very high explosion energy. The energy component is preferably between approximately 20 mkp to 250 mkp. A preferred material for the propellant should have the smallest possible space requirement and only by a relatively high one high impulse, e.g. 0.5 kp see be flammable. In particular, the propellant should not be driven by a smaller impulse or be ignitable by friction so that it does not occur

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incorrect handling of the ram or the loaded one Bolt device starts. All of these prerequisites should also be maintained for a relatively long storage period. A suitable propellant can be made from microcellulose fibers, for example consist that packed at a density of approximately 1 gr / cmr are.

Mr the use of the bolt device is the ram bolt 38 and the propellant pack 42 in the lower end of the ram guide 16 according to! Ig. 1 used. The bolt device is placed on the surface 20 of the hard object, with the Guide approach helps to put the ram guide 16 in the correct position Bring alignment to the surface 20. The ram is then applied to the propellant pack 42 so far moved forward that the ramming pin 38 on the surface is present. By striking the button 34 of the ram 26 with a hammer 36, the latter acts with sufficient force the propellant 46 to ignite it. A reliable ignition is made with a hammer weighing about 1 kg causes which is swung at a speed of about 3 m / sec to about 4.5 m / sec. The explosion energy works on the ram pin 38 via the propellant cushion 44 and drives it through the surface 20 of the hard object.

It is assumed that for reliable ignition of the propellant charge a at the front end of the lower part 28 of the Ram ram 26 attached projection 29 is particularly important. This protrusion initially causes a shear force in the center area of the propellant charge, the peripheral area 29 'adjoining the projection containing the sheared-off material holds together and prevents them from escaping. This creates sufficient frictional heat that the desired Ignition triggers. A similar shear function is also assumed on a projection 45 of the propellant cushion 44

- 8 - reason

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The reason for this is the material of the propellant against the deformable Propellant cushion is pressed in the circumferential area 45 'o

The penetration of the ram through the surface 20 in the hard object is shown in FIG. The forces of the explosion cause the propellant cushion to be compressed 44 in the axial direction, causing this to the side expands or bulges. This bulge causes the propellant charge cushion 44 to create a gas-tight seal over the entire area Perimeter of the propellant pack 42. This gas seal means that the bolt device works essentially noiselessly. The propellant pack 42 is released from the head of the ram bolt at the end of the ram movement and remains within the ram guide due to the bulge, hang. The one attached on the outside However, the sliding coating allows the used propellant pack to be removed by driving in the ram eject into the ram guide.

A particular advantage of the invention is seen in the fact that it allows the bolt device to be used with a very high Safety factor makes possible. The propellant requires a substantial momentum before it explodes and is particular Insensitive to static pressure. This prevents the propellant charge from igniting with the help of the ram when it is applied of the stud device are not triggered. Furthermore, the propellant charge is driven by a ram impact on the ram 26 not ignited if the bolt is not against a hard wall. In this case, the ram bolt and the propellant just pushed out of the slide guide. The ram bolt resting against the hard surface of the object When the propellant is ignited, 38 is driven directly through the surface into the hard object, whereby the speed of the ram pin when driving in is significantly slower than the speed of the ram pin, which at known bolt devices a certain free-flying distance

- 9 - ■ own

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own. This slower speed can be of great importance with regard to safety, for example when very hard Pieces, such as pieces of metal or stone within the object, e.g. the concrete slab, in the movement path of the Ram bolts lie. If namely the ram bolt with a very high Speed, as is the case with the known devices, ricochets off such hard pieces, can be extremely dangerous.

Another "advantage of the invention is the achievement of a seen a much greater degree of efficiency in terms of utilizing the driving forces. The drive energy acts first directly on the ram bolt, and furthermore the ram follows after the ignition of the propellant charge 46 Ram bolts during the downward displacement through the ram guide 16. This displacement of the ram prevents an expansion of the gas within the chamber, which increases the energy acting on the ram will"

Another embodiment of the ram bolt and the Tr satspackung is shown in FIG. The propellant charge 46 is arranged adjacent to the head 40 of the ram bolt 38 and fastened to the ram bolt with the aid of a suitable casing 50. Although the driving force will be the same in comparison with the previously described propellant pack with a propellant cushion, the advantage of noise reduction must be given up in this embodiment. Another embodiment of a Rammbolzens is shown in Fig. 6, seen from that of Rammbolzen 52 is provided with a head 5 ² J, which has a recess for accommodating the propellant charge 46th

- 10 - Patent claims

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Claims (1)

Patent claims Propellant pack for inserting into the ram guide a bolt device provided with a displaceable ram bolt, characterized in that that the propellant pack (42) is a deformable propellant cushion (44) which carries a propellant charge (46) at one end and to the plant at its other end on the ram bolt is suitable, and that the propellant charge cushion (44) through after the ignition of the propellant charge the acting explosive force can be expanded so quickly that there is a gas seal in the plunger guide causes-and then the explosive force on the ram bolt transmits. Propellant charge pack according to Claim 1, characterized in that the propellant charge (46) generates explosive energy from about 20 m kp to about 250 m kp and can be ignited with an impulse of less than 0.5 kp see. Propellant charge pack according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the propellant charge cushion (44) consists of a soft aluminum and on the outer surfaces is provided with a sliding coating. 109816/1164 Jl OM3P-293 4. Propellant pack according to .Anspruch 1 or 2, characterized in that the propellant cushion (44) consists of plastic in which the propellant is embedded. ' 5. Propellant pack according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the propellant cushion (44) is cylindrical in shape, and that one end has a recess for inserting the bolt and is provided at the other end with a recess for inserting the propellant charge. 6. propellant pack according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the propellant cushion is designed as a casing (50), which directly on the ram bolt seated propellant charge (46) and surrounds the adjacent bolt end (40). 7. propellant pack according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the propellant cushion is formed by the bolt end (54) and at least partially surrounds the propellant charge. 8. Propellant pack for use with a bolt device with a sliding ram in a ram guide acts on a ram bolt, characterized in that the propellant pack (42) between the ram (26) and the ram bolt (38) can be inserted into the ram guide in such a way that in the ignition position of the ram bolts (38) on the surface (20) of the hard object to be processed. 9. Bolt device for driving a ram bolt inserted in a ram guide into a hard object With the help of a propellant that can be inserted into the bolt 109816/1 1.54 OM3P-293 Pack according to one of Claims 1 to 8, characterized in that a tubular, the Insert (14) having the plunger guide (16) is arranged in a handle (12) and at its lower end a Führansatζ (18) carries that the lower, the Ram ram leading part of the tubular insert has an extension section (24) in about the length of the ram has a corresponding distance from the lower opening, in which a correspondingly conical running thickening of the ram to limit the downward movement that fits after retraction of the ram, the propellant pack in contact "with the ram and the ram bolt in this way in the ram guide (16) can be used so that the tip of the ram bolt is at the lower end of the ram guide comes, and that by an impact pulse acting on the ram, the ram into the propellant of the Propellant pack penetrates and ignites it. 10. Bolt device according to claim 9 »characterized in that the ram ram at the lower end is provided with a projection (29) which exerts a shear effect on the propellant. 11. Bolt device according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that a mounting cap the Ram ram leads to the upper end of the tubular insert and limits the upward movement of the ram . 109816 / 11-64