DE1948805U - RUNTIME TUBE, IN PARTICULAR WALKING FIELD TUBE WITH A MAGNETIC SYSTEM FOR CONCENTRATED GUIDANCE OF THE ELECTRON BEAM USING A HOMOGENOUS MAGNETIC FIELD. - Google Patents

Description

Ι η

. Siemens & Balske ^; . ^.:: - Munich 2 2 5 3/65
Joint stock company ■. . ■ WittelsbachefplatB 2

65/2188

sz ητ / κ * ω * »

Transit time tube ', in particular iYancLerfeid tube, with a magnet system for the bundled guidance of the tin electron,
Beam by means of a homogeneous magnetic field

Pie- relates to a transit time tube, in particular Traveling wave tube, with a magnet system for the bundled guidance of the electron beam by means of an inülectro- - homogeneous magnetic field running in the direction of the internal beam,

PA 9 / 4.92 / 458 '1.3.65' - '- 2 -

Wh / Saddle .. ■ "■ ■; ■; ■■ - ■■■ ■ ..... ^._....: - ■.

PA 9/492/458 "-, 2 '- _;' .. ■ -

■ whereby.for suppressing magnetic cross-field components the ..pipes is surrounded by a tubular component that out. . Alternately strung together soft magnetic Sheet metal and non-magnetic spacer rings.

An important problem ^: with "the bundled en ^ guidance, the" electron beam. of traveling wave tubes by means of a homogeneous magnetic field; is the avoidance of transverse magnetic interference components in the area of the electron beam axis. Magnetic. f ransve / rsalf eldar.-deflect the! electron beam so -.strongly from- its axis ■, -that a considerable part of the beam current in ün -._. Desired way on the electron beam, adjacent electrodes, in particular, 'the delay line, can arrive. However, the formation of such magnetic' interference components cannot be completely ruled out due to: unavoidable manufacturing tolerances and inhomogeneities in the structure of the magnets.

Magnetic ones present in magnetic bundling systems Transve'rsalfeXder effective to eliminate is it already known, within.des magnet system a tubular Arrange component that encloses the: system axis and from a series, highly permeable. thinner disks ·, - the .by non-magnetic Spacer rings are separated from each other. The permeability

PA 9/492/458 _: '-3 -

of these disks is transverse to the longitudinal direction of the magnet system very large, so that there can be no potential difference along the circumference of the disks; This is synonymous with a suppression of transversal Storfeider. . . . . -,

Another problem with permanently magnetically focused Runtime tubes consists in the fact that generally aimed at w-ird, the "tube in the surrounding magnet, to be able to exchange the system at will. This then becomes the effort involved in manufacturing and operating the tube significantly reduced. However, the interchangeability causes difficulties when the tube with coupling elements is provided, which lead away laterally from the discharge vessel of the tube. This pail is especially included High-performance V / other field tubes, in which the input and extraction of high-frequency energy usually - via, arranged transversely to the axis of the ear and fixed to the tube connected waveguide or coaxial conductor takes place. To 'replace such tubes in the magnet system without To be able to increase his "space requirements" is it is known to build the magnet system from two mirror-symmetrical halves that can be folded against each other are. However, if one uses magnetic transverse fields in this known arrangement due to the known stringing together from. soft magnetic sheets and non-

^% "PÄ 9/492/458 -'- '' - 4-. '\ \

magnetic "spacer rings" would have to be eliminated also the tubular component thus formed for a Interchangeability of the tube can be opened, i.e. in two Be split in two halves. Through this separation, however, the said tubular component could do its job, namely the elimination of magnetic cross-field components, no longer meet in a satisfactory manner. ■ ■: ν: ■ '". ■'.;". ■; ■ _

N «ΛΑ« -ν ι * w e

The underlying task is a magnetic focusing device for generating a • homogeneous magnetic field for the bundled guidance of the Electron beam from time-of-flight tubes, especially traveling wave tubes, with any interchangeability. to create the drilling, in which transverse magnetic interference _ components are effectively suppressed. To solve this problem, for a transit time tube, the method mentioned at the beginning Art after the proposed that the tubular component with one in its longitudinal direction running slot-like opening, which ■ -sichmialesten extends up to one end face of the component, is provided and this opening perpendicular to its longitudinal extension has a smaller width, has than the wall thickness of the. tubular. Component on Corresponds to the location of the breakthrough.

PA. 9/492/458. '■.; '"". - - 5 / -ν

In such an arrangement, a tube,. - "which has coupling elements arranged transversely to the. tube axis o - ■ -.has," in the _L tubular component due to its slot-like opening / easily inserted as often / often. The tubular component effectively eliminates interfering magnetic transverse field components because the transverse field generated in the slot itself is negligibly small if the specified ratio between the width and the depth of the slot is sufficient it vpll- - come out to meet -the specified condition only in the area of s'chlitaartigen ^ ^ Dürchbrechung ,: This is achieved advantageously-by "<Χμ $ gen the / rohrformige component on both sides of -schlitZartigen Durchbrechun- ^ is thickened compared to the average outer diameter of the component, where the thickening can taper outwards. ; /./ ^"; .- / ^/;;

Based on the figures of the ^ drawing, an embodiment. /. example .-: the "will be explained in more detail below; /. ■ ■ - ·. ~ : ' . ;; .-- / ■' -. /"' ^: ■' --_ ~~~ - ⁱ - . / ■ Ui-- /:; "■

.The 'Figure 1 "^" eigt- "from' vorno ^; and -the figure / 2 from the Side, partially cut, -the component,. / With the at a proper arrangement magnetic transversal elder »eliminates v / earth. This component, which in: ■

^'PiL:; 9 ^ 92 / 458- ■ · ..; - 6 -:. .

- hereinafter referred to as "field straightener""shall,■" consists of.- alternately strung together soft magnetic _: table thin sheets 1 imd non-magnetic distance - .. wrestle 2. The field straightener is provided with a slot-like opening running in its longitudinal direction, which extends over the entire length of the tubular component. The soft iron sheets 1 and the spacer rings.e: 2 _; on both sides of the; -schlit delicate perforation 3 each aveils. an outward-facing rabbit_4 so that. _; the field straightener is thickened at this point on its circumference. The iiäsen 4 'are dimensioned so that the width b of the opening 3 perpendicular to its longitudinal extension ■ is smaller than the depth h of the opening. Let the slot-like opening 3; then do not interfere with the compensation of magnetic iransversal fields. ■ - ".. -

The effect of a field straightener according to FIGS. 1 and 2 can be seen in FIG. This figure shows the measured transverse field Β _{φ of} a system for generating a homogeneous magnetic field with an axial magnetic induction B = 320 G without and with a field straightener as a function of the azimuthal position of a measuring probe. The curve ~ 5 was generated without

ftCU & Vu'i / i e £

diger measured, while with an emässerη ap ■ '■■■' ■ "" ■■ -. - ■■■ -. '■ - 7 - ■

PA 9/492/458 ^: .. - 7. - - .. '■' / '. _:

Order for the value of the transversal field the curve 6 was determined. The field straightener reduces the magnetic transverse field from over 30 G- to a value of less than -1 G ^: down. ■ ^-:;

A field straightener according to FIGS. 1 and 2 with an inserted traveling wave tube is shown in FIG. 4 from the side, partially in section . Electron gun S, a helix 9 as a delay line and an electron collector 10 provided with cooling fins. Two coaxial line connections 11 and 12 are provided for coupling in and decoupling the high-frequency energy from the tubes, which are provided at the beginning and end of helix 9 q. uer? / egführen from the tube axis and are rigidly connected to the metallic vacuum envelope 13 of the tube 7. It will be appreciated that the tube with the coaxial lines 11 and 12 in Peldbegradiger, the aneiraider- corresponding to FIGS 1 and 2. rows soft-magnetic discs 1 and non-magnetic spacer rings 2, can be easily exchanged. By the coaxial lines 11 and 12 through the slot-like openings 3 of the field straightener are passed through.

- 8th

9/492/458, '- -. 8th -

• The. Figure 6 shows from the side, partly in section, and FIG. 7 as. Section along the line VII-TII FIG. 6 shows a particularly advantageous arrangement of a traveling wave tube in a field straightener according to the present invention. The * tube 7, which is essentially the drill shown in FIGS. 4 and -5 equals, is in the field straightener by means of "'two Centering rings 1-4 and 15 centric on the scope of the. metallic vacuum envelope 13th of the tube - Due to the overall length of the tube 7 it is jedo.ch at one - especially at the coaxial line connections 11 and 12 occurring mechanical stress, not to avoid 'that the tubular casing 13 Is exposed to bending stresses, which a certain degree of um- .. of the tube axis in relation to the axis of the field straightener: can evoke. To get an appropriate To prevent undesired bending of the tube 7 is provided: the field straightener with a detachable To attach the connection to the inserted tube. For this purpose there is a. the tube-.7 receiving support part 16 is provided, which engages the front side of the field straightener or engages in this / this I carrier part is with a fastening screw 17 on a flange attached, which is at the free end of the input side Coaxial line connector 11 is located and "with a corresponding threaded hole 19 is provided. The out- '

PA 9/492/458 _ g _. ^:

^: input-side coaxial line S'-connection 12 also has a flange 20 at its end; the two flanges 18 and .20 can additionally support the tube in a magnet system, which also creates a mechanical clearing of the ear envelope.

The in Figures 4 and 5 on the one hand and Figure 6 and The arrangements shown on the other hand are advantageously inserted into a .Magnetsystem, which consists of a? / ei mirror-'symmetrical There are halves that are "foldable" against each other. Such systems are known and need therefore not to be shown here in more detail. , ■.

This is not limited to 'the dargestell' th exemplary embodiments. In particular, it is not necessary for the slot-like opening to be extends over the entire length of the field straightener. Rather, it can be sufficient that the opening / only up to one end of the field straightener is enough, from which a tube with its sin and decoupling conductors can be inserted. Farther can achieve the required ratio of slot width to slot depth even with a constant outer diameter of the field straightener are met when the outside diameter is compared to the inside diameter

- 10- -

PÄ 9/492/458: - 10 ..-; ... -; " ^: ■

is correspondingly large. In addition, extends which does not only refer to a traveling wave tube, but has a general meaning for all "transit time tubes, the connecting parts leading away from the tube have and whose electron beam is to be bundled by means of a homogeneous magnetic field.

m-th

6 claims

7 figures

- 11

Claims (6)

R A. ίι Ι 7 PA 9/492/458 - - 11 -a η s ρ r ti c h e !. "Time-of-flight tube, especially traveling wave tube, with • a magnet system for the bundled guidance of the Electron beam, by means of an electron beam "*" homogeneous magnetic field running in the direction of the beam, with the tube being surrounded by a tubular component, which consists of alternately juxtaposed soft magnetic sheets and non-magnetic spacer rings, characterized in that the tubular component with one in its longitudinal direction running slot-like opening, which extends at least up to one end face of the component... and this opening, perpendicular to its longitudinal extension, has a smaller width than the wall thickness of the tubular component., corresponds to the location of the opening. /. '" _: . 2. transit time tube according to claim 1, characterized., that the tubular component is sdnemUrumen "on both sides of the slot-like opening ■ "■ ■■ * ■ ^-: -. 12 - PA 9/492/458. '> _ 12 - - ■ ... is thickened to the outside, 'while there is otherwise a constant outer and inner diameter has. · 3. transit time tube according to claim 2, characterized in that that the thickening of the tubular component at the location of the slot-like opening tapers conically to the outside. .4. Runtime tube according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that. the magnet system for generating the magnetic field permanent magnets and Contains pole pieces, which are arranged symmetrically to the electron beam axis and av / ei against each other Form foldable halves, between which the tubular component is inserted. 5. transit time tube according to claim 4, characterized in .that the tubes by centering rings, which are located on the circumference of the tube envelope, is mounted centrally in the tubular component. 6. time tube according to claim 5, characterized in: that the tubular component with a releasable connection, in particular a screw connection, on the tube in the inserted state is mechanically attached.