DE1941879A1 - Photo-optical drawing head for an automatic drawing machine - Google Patents

Description

G-. Coradi A. & i , - "'.--.". "Λ: ~ Zurich.

Photo-optical drawing head for an automatic

Drawing machine i

Automatic drawing machines are already known "at which lines or figures photo graphically on a light-sensitive Layer one on the drawing table of the 'drawing machine stretched "or laid on or fastened layer carrier, which is a film, a glass or metal plate or a sheet of paper. These well-known oak machines have a photo-optical drawing head, which is relative to the drawing table in the coordinates— directions of a right or oblique or possibly a polar coordinate system is displaceable and which consists of a photographic projection system from a light source, a condenser sy st a, one as a rule electromagnetically operated shutter, a diaphragm, or fcaske and an imaging system. The Kohdensor system concentrates the illuminating light in the opening of the diaphragm or mask and this opening of the diaphragm or mask is sensitive to light through the imaging system

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Layer .shown. When moving the drawing head in: -, with reference to the drawing table, the image of the screen or mask moves over the light-sensitive layer. And thereby generates the required line or the required figure on Etieser ... to be controlled here The organs of such an automatic drawing machine, namely the drawing head or the drawing table, the light source, the shutter and the diaphragm or mask, receive their control impulses from one. Information: t-carrier, e.g. a punched tape, a punched card, a magnetic, net tape. These organs are combined in a logical way and function accordingly. _:

During the work of such an automatic, phuto-optical drawing machine, especially one that has relatively large accelerations and maximum speeds and relatively small run-up and run-out paths. to work, there are certain difficulties. which have a detrimental effect on the quality of the drawing to be produced. When using an electromagnetic or electric motor! sch, "be actuated closure must, before the closure is actually opened, zutrst its magnetic field built up;. or · ~ be libervninden the [inertia of the motor rotor, and rnüasen the Verschlusslafflellen be üeschleunigt _v In the therefor benötigteri time, however, the optical The axis of the drawing head or its tracing point on - the light-sensitive öcMchx prepared a “certain amount of travel before the light bundle begins to expose the light-sensitive layer”. This nat 'a -enrichtung displaced in the cartoon wind bar beginning to Fo Ige. . Conversely, the G-Iei before occurs at the end of "one to see. The. ■. '■ dash. In theory, Bs would now be possible, the.'." ..

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Start of the electric motors, which move the drawing head in relation to the drawing table in the two Koordinatenriehtungen cause to delay so that they do not start turning before the shutter is open. Since such a delay in friction in the gears of the The drawing machine and the response time of the shutter must be adjusted, i.e. factors that are not necessarily immutable you will not achieve a significantly better result this way. If the delay s.B. something to set large, or is the friction in the gears of the drawing machine from somewhere, e.g. thermal Reasons greater, or the response time of the shutter for some reason, thickened ones result The beginnings of the strokes, and with opposite deviations these variable factors dragged line traps, AucL at best possible With the delay set, the thicknesses of the beginnings and ends of the lines or their lengths are made up of the inconstants Frictions and response times are adversely affected.

In order to obtain a line which is impeccable with regard to its thickness and blackening, the light intensity of the image from the light source in the opening of the diaphragm or mask must be in a certain proportion to the effective speed of the drawing. Whether the control device of the drawing machine controls the speeds of the movements of the drawing head in relation to the drawing in the two coordinate directions and thus a "resulting effective speed" is obtained, or whether this effective drawing speed is before, ecclirj ?; it irt. uiic. the

Movements inden both iio-cräinstenrioi.iar ^ e :. 2sr = us ι longed for " 009809/0312

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and are controlled accordingly, the effective run Drawing speed and the effective light intensity due to the relatively great inertia of the whole mechanical System, especially during the acceleration and deceleration phases, never exactly correspond to each other. This results in line thickness and blackening differences * which depend on the Damping of the complete system periodically or aperiodically can run.

The invention "aims at these! Eighth parts of the known

- to fix automatic, photo-optical drawing machines or at least to reduce them to a very large extent «Although the properties of the mechanical parts of such a drawing machine cannot be fundamentally changed, it has been found that the disadvantageous, combined effects of" friction in the gears of the drawing machine, the inertia of the light intensity control, which until now has been caused by the displacement of a grain wedge arranged in the beam path of the bundle of rays emanating from the light source.

j | ^: and the response time of the lock can be remedied in whole or in part by other means.

The invention relates to a photo-optical sign , for an automatic drawing machine, with which the des Drawing a line causing relative movements of the drawing head * in relation to a light-sensitive one Layer provided, on the drawing table of the drawing machine 'stretched or laid on or fastened layer carrier and the light intensity of the imaging beam. controlled by control signals from an information carrier or computer - '' with a condenser system, which the

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Illuminating light concentrated in the opening of a pinhole or mask, a shutter and an imaging system, which opens the aperture or mask maps the photosensitive layer, which is characterized is that in the illumination beam path a die The light intensity of this bundle of rays controls, eleki; rooptischer or magneto-optical shutter is arranged, which is an electromotive or electromagnetically actuated Closure is upstream or downstream.

In the case of a photo-optical drawing head designed in this way for an automatic drawing machine of the type mentioned, because the electro-optical or magneto-optical shutter works practically without inertia, the inertia the shutter and the brightness control are significantly reduced, while in the case of the earlier known automatic Drawing machines with photo-optical 'drawing head that move the drawing head in relation to the drawing table effecting electric motors, the shutter and the brightness control were switched on practically at the same time, it is possible with the character head according to the invention and sensible, the shutter and the brightness control, which two elements here in the electro-optical or Magneto-optical shutter are combined by a suitable circuit with appropriate display means then to open when the relative movements of the drawing head Use effectively in relation to the drafting table. This can reduce the harmful effects of friction in the guiding tracks 2is see the drawing head and the drawing table can be significantly reduced. ; .

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Ίη of the drawing are an "example embodiment - .. VQ-form of the subject matter of the invention and details of the sellDen. .-; ■ and an embodiment variant shown schematically. Es; -, -." - "". ^; . demonstrate: . ....-- ·. . '", .- _..: . ... :. _ _: - --- ^ -. Ί; .-- ■.; - Fig. 1 a part of an automatic drawing machine with. - ~~ _ ■ -.,

photo-optical character head, ■: \:

Fig. 2 '. an electro-optical 'designed as a Kerr cell

The conclusion for the drawing head of this drawing machine, - .. -Fig..3- designed as an AIiP or KDP cell electrical ■ optical closure for the character head of this * ■;

■ drawing machine, "·" "- ■ ■ ■.

Fig. 4 shows a Faraday lock for the character head of this' ^

Drawing machine, .and ■■ _ '.-' ~ . :. ^"-:. '- ... 5 shows a part of another automatic drawing machine, wherein a variant of the photoορtisehen drawing head is used there.". "■ ..-." ■. . · ■ ■

In Fig.l only the drawing table "'1 is shown from the fixed chassis of the automatic drawing machine in question, on which a layer carrier 2, for example" a. Glass or etal plate,., A film, a sheet of paper, on which a photosensitive layer 3 carries, is stretched, laid on or attached. On this drawing table 1, two rails 4, which run in one coordinate direction of a provided coordinate system and on which lobes 5 of a carriage 6 run, which are thus displaceable over drawing table 1 in this coordinate direction, are fixedly arranged. Two rails 7 running in the other coordinate direction of the coordinate system are fixed on this wall 6. ^:

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■. arranged on which rollers 8 run, which at the base V "plate 9 of the photo-optical drawing head of the drawing machine

are stored, so that this character head is in the second

coordinate system of the coordinate system on the Y / agen 6 * 'and thus ver-Γ via the drawing table 1 of the drawing machine can be raised. Both the carriage 6 and the drawing head are each provided with "a reversible drive motor, which drive motors control pulses from an information

* "carrier, e.g. a punched tape, a punch card, a Mag-V-" ftetband or a computer. This disorder, which is known per se, does not form the subject matter of the invention and is required

therefore no further explanation. .

;, * ■ · ■ "is in the character head of the automatic drawing engine a light source 11 fixedly mounted, on one side of which a

• ■■■ *. Concave mirror 12 and on the other side a first auxiliary

condenser 13, which the light source 1 together with that of the concave mirror 12 reflected image of the same into infinity, is provided. The first auxiliary skondensor 13 is a Downstream cold light mirror 14, which the short-wave Ax and a small remainder of the long-wave light emanating from the auxiliary scondensor Ij, which is at least approximately parallel Beams reflected in an electro-optical or magneto-optical shutter 15 * In the direction

"'' ■■■■■■ '?

the optical axis of the shutter 15 x 'follow this second auxiliary skondensor 16, a pinhole 17, an electro ', mo tori söh t) the electromagnetically operated shutter 18, I a main condenser 19, a further perforated diaphragm or mask 20 and an optical imaging system 21 with a Fofeusri einrichtung, which latter the opening of the aperture or mask 20

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onto the sensitive layer 3 of the layer carrier 2 shows, illegal parts mentioned are stored on the drawing head and are moved with it. . ■

This character head acts as follows ..- "· ..,"

Through the first auxiliary skondensor 13, the light "source 11 together with the image reflected back by the concave mirror 12 is imaged into infinity and the at least approximately parallel-rayed bundle of light rays emanating from this auxiliary condenser 13 hits the cold light mirror 14, which has the short-wave and one Small remainder of the long-wave light is reflected in the electro-optical or magneto-optical shutter 15, while the major part of the long-wave », warming light passes through the cold light mirror 14 and is radiated into the surrounding area, so that undesired warming of the sensitive« - »lines of the drawing head and the ^{far-Zeichenmaschine-:} be avoided. The light transmitted by the electro-optical or magnetic optical shutter 15 falls on the second auxiliary condenser 16, which in the opening of the perforated diaphragm 17 creates a real image of the light source 11 and the reflected image of the latter when the shutter is open 18, the main condenser 19 concentrates the illuminating light in the opening of the pinhole or mask 20, which is imaged onto the light-sensitive layer 3 by the focusable optical imaging system 21. . In the state of rest of the automatic drawing machine, the electro-optical or magneto-optical shutter 15 and the shutter 18 connected in series to this are closed. 3) it has electro-optic or magnetic optic shutter 15 "

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in the closed position a very low transmission and that That is why leakage is blocked by the closed Shutter 18 caught so that no light at all can reach the photosensitive layer 3. If a line is to be drawn, the control device of the automatic drawing machine, the shutter first 18 open. The weak, through the still closed electro-optical or magneto-optical shutter 15 passing through However, light is not sufficient to cause the light-sensitive layer 3 to be blackened in a few seconds. The start of the movements of the drawing head in the coordinate directions can therefore be delayed by about 0.5 - 1 »Ö see enter.' As soon as the drawing head moves in the coordinate directions start, y / ird by the control device of the drawing machine sends a control signal corresponding to the required drawing speed to the electro-optical odea? Magneto-optical shutter 15 released, which causes its transmission inertia accordingly is increased. The light emerging from the now illuminated opening of the aperture 17 is through the Main condenser 19 so concentrated that the opening of the Aperture or mask 20 sufficiently brightly illuminated wi ± d, to through the appropriately focused optical imaging system 21 mapped onto the photosensitive layer 3 in this way to become that with the currently existing movement of the drawing head and thus of the pinhole or mask image on the photosensitive layer 3 the required Line is drawn on this. While pulling one

Stroke is the light intensity of the pinhole or 00980 9/0312

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Mask image on the photosensitive layer 3-.by the " electro-optical or magneto-optical shutter 1.5 accordingly of the respective drawing speed. When the line is finished, approx. 0.5-1.0 seconds after Closing the electro-optical or magneto-optical shutter 15, which is simultaneous with the termination of the movements of the seichen head in the coordinate directions takes place, the shutter 18 is also closed.

Electro-optical shutters, as well as the magneto

P optically acting Faraday closures are natural in themselves known in various designs. In FIG. 2, "is for example an electro-optical trained as a Kerr-gelle Closure represents what that means from the source of the air 11. The staring laughs through a polarizer 22 enters and is linearly polarized in this, then by a Cover slip 23 of a liitrobenzene or chloroform filling containing cylindrical container 24 enters this and. leaves this through a second cover glass 25 and into a arrives at the polarizer 22 rotated by 90 ° analyzer 26. In the container 24 are electrodes 2? and 28 for the control voltage arranged. The light linearly polarized in the polarizer 22 is here in the case of non-sparing electrodes 27 and 28 im Analyzer 26 extinguished except for a small est. If a voltage is applied to the "electrodes 27 and 28, the Container 24 generates an electrical PeId, which the polarization plane of the light passing through in the Hitrobenzol- or chloroform filling rotates and according to the applied ■ Voltage and the rotation of the plane of polarization caused by this of the passing light decreases the transmission 009809/0312

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to the Kerr cell. The same applies in analogy to the one shown in FIG. 3 shown ADP- (ammonium dihydrophosphate) - or KDP- (potassium dihydro phosphate) cell, in which the light originating from the light source 11 also passes through a polarizer 29 enters, then through a glass plate 30 into an ADP or KHP crystal 31 and out of this through a second Glass plate 32 enters the analyzer 33. 34 and 35 are the electrodes via which an on the ADP or KDP crystal 31 acting, the polarization plane of the light passing through rotating electric field can be generated can. The Faraday shutter shown in FIG. in which with 36 the polarizer, with 37 a glass body, also in which a magnetic coil 38 is arranged, and with 39 the analyzer is designated.

In certain cases, especially when the light source of the photo-optical drawing head with high voltage and / or large current is operated and the drawing head must therefore be dimensioned larger, it is desirable to use the photo-optical Drawing head fixed to the chassis of the automatic To arrange the drawing machine and for this the drawing table on the chassis of the drawing machine in the coordinate directions of the coordinate system can be larern. Such an automatic drawing machine, which has one execution Variant of the photoboptic drawing head described above is provided, is in Fig.5 for IeIl and schematically shown. With 4-1 a table-like part of the chassis of the drawing mask is referred to. On J ^ 'es a part 41 are two in the one Ivoordinatenregl: direction of the coordinate -

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systems running rails 42 fixedly arranged on which the rollers 43 of a carriage 44 'run. There are 44 on carriage two rails 45 fixedly arranged, which in the other coordinate direction of the coordinate system. The on

^H? Rollers 46 mounted drawing table 47 of the drawing machine is guided on these rails 45 displaceably. A stand 48 is fixedly arranged on part 41 of the chassis of the drawing machine, on the upper part of which - "'-" a housing 49 W containing the photo-optical drawing head is fastened, overhanging part 41.

The one when running the automatic drawing machine 5 used, only partially shown variant of the photo-optical character head corresponds in * the essential parts of the described with reference to Fig.l The design and the corresponding parts are shown in FIG. 5 provided with the same transfer symbols. At 15 he is ■ -.-, electro-optical or Tiiagneto-optical shutter, with 16 the second auxiliary condenser, with 17 the first pinhole, with V18 -./■'■■ the electromotive or electromagnetically operated shutter, with 19 the main condenser, with 20 the second perforated screen or mask and with 21 the focusable imaging optics designated. The focusable imaging optics 2i forms the opening of the aperture or mask 20 on the light-sensitive layer 3 of the on the same table. 47 up- "_. '; late, applied or attached eye wearer 2. All these parts correspond in their training and operation to two, corresponding Parts of the photo-optical drawing head according to Fig. 1. On the other hand, in the case of the drawing machine

■. '■; f ■; ·: 'after def; Fig * ^ the; Relative movements between the drawing table '^:; 009809 / Q31 2

47. And the fixed photo-optical drawing head in the "in both coordinate directions of the coordinate system Shifting the carriage 44in. the one and by moving of the drafting table 47 on this Yn'agem 44 in. the other Coordinate direction causes. -

In the case of the photo-optical drawing head according to the year 5, in Seen light direction, after the electro-optical or magneto-optical shutter 15 and before the electromotive or "electromagnetically" operated shutter 18, shown in FIG ü'all between the shutter 15 and the second auxiliary condenser 16, a partially transparent mirror 50., e.g. an infrared mirror ·, arranged, which the long wave part of the from the electro-optical or magneto-optical Shutter 15 of the emerging light is reflected on a photocell 51 and the short-wave, photographically effective Part of this light pass through to the second auxiliary condenser 16 leaves. This makes it possible to reduce the transmission of the electro-optical wire magneto-optical shutter 15 through a closed loop control by the Photocell 51 with the control of the electro-optical, or magneto-optic shutter 15 is fed back.

As shown in Figures 1 and 5; Lst, is used as Pinhole or mask. 20 useful a revolver cover used, which is arranged on the axis of an adjustment device, which its control pulses from the control device the drawing machine receives. This Eevolverblende has a number of distributed in a circle Apertures with different diameters. By

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the adjusting device is adjusted so this IiOehblende each ^v that that aperture whose image. \ the .light-sensitive layer. 3 a dash of each. required thickness - is brought into working position "

The one operated by an electric motor or electromagnetically Shutter 18 can, instead of the electro-optical or magneto-optical, as in the exemplary embodiments described Shutter 15 connected downstream, also before this electro-optical or magneto-optical closure be arranged.

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Claims (1)

r- 15 - Claims; Photo-optical drawing head for an automatic drawing machine, which the drawing of a line causing the relative movements of the HeichenkQpfes in relation to a provided with a light-sensitive layer, stretched, placed or attached to the drawing table of the drawing machine, as well as the light intensity of the imaging beam by control signals of an information carrier or a computer controlled, with a condenser system, which concentrates the illuminating light in the opening of a pinhole or mask, a shutter and an imaging system, which the opening. the aperture or mask images on the light-sensitive layer, characterized in that im. Illumination beam path an electro-optical or magneto-optical shutter (15) which controls the light intensity of this strand bundle is arranged, to which an electromotive or electromagnetic shutter (18) is connected upstream or downstream. 2 · Photo-optical drawing head according to claim I, characterized in that that a first Eilfskondensor (13) the light source (11) together with one of one arranged behind this Concave mirror (12) reflected image of the same to infinity, that a cold light mirror (14) the short-wave and a small remainder of the long-wave light of the first JIiIf scona sensor (13) outgoing, at least approximately parallel-rayed Beam through the electro-optical or magneto-optical shutter (15). on a second Auxiliary condenser (l6) reflected, which in: Hole a 009809/0312 BATH- Pinhole (17) a real image of the light source (11) and the image of the same reflected by the concave mirror (12) generates that through a main condenser (19) that from the pinhole. (IT) entering illuminating light is concentrated in a further perforated diaphragm or mask (20), the opening of which is imaged on the light-sensitive layer (3) by a focusable optical imaging system (21), van. that the electromotive otter electromagnetically operated shutter (18) is arranged in series with the electro-optical or mfcgh (fe ± ooptisehen shutter (15). ψ 3. PhOtooptischer drawing head according to claims 1 uni -2, characterized in that, seen in Lieh tfichtung, after; the electro-optical or magneto-optical shutter - (15) and before the electromotive or electromagnetically operated shutter (18) a partially transparent mirror - , (50), "" - which reflects part of the light emitted from the electro-optical or magneto-optical shutter (15) onto a photocell ^e (51), which is arranged for the purpose of controlling the transmission of the electro-optical or *; ".- ;. magneto-optical shutter (15) is fed back to its control device. 4 * Photo-optical character head. According to claims 1 to 3 » -characterized in that the after the electro-optical or magneto-optical shutter (15) and in front of the electro- * motorized or electromagnetically operated shutter (18) . ■ arranged partially transparent mirror (50) an "infrared" mirror which is the long-wave part of the from the: electro-optical or magneto-optical shutter (15) from- : When LieMeB amf the Pbotoseile (51) is reflected and - ■ 'lets the lairy light aurc hire ° 009809/031 ^ 2 5. Photo-optical drawing head according to claim 1, characterized in that the control device of the electro-optical or magneto-optical gate closure (15) and the control device causing its relative movements to the drawing table (l) inefen coordinate directions are coordinated so that the electro-optical or magneto-optical closure (15 ) is only opened when the relative movements of the heichenkopf to the drawing table (T) are effective. 6 »Photooptics drawing head according to the. Claims 1 and Zr, characterized in that the; perforated diaphragm or mask (20) one on the axis of an ■ adjusting device; arranged revolver "aperture is that a number of arranged on a circular apertures different ^transit! diameter" owns. , 00 9 809/031 2: Lee rs e it e