DE1938739U - MACHINE FOR PERFORMING ELECTRIC SPOT WELDING OR PROJECTION WELDING. - Google Patents

Description

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Luigi Caprioglio, Ing _o , Cascine Vica, Via Barge

(Italy)

Machine for performing electrical spot welds or Pro jection welds

The innovation relates to a machine for performing electrical spot welds or Projection welds and aims to create a Machine that allows a series of welds to be carried out on a workpiece according to a preselected program, The machine should be easily adaptable to the most varied of work programs in order to allow it to be used to increase within the company.

According to the innovation, such a machine is characterized by a table for clamping welding workpieces, with at least one welding head

Welding electrodes, at least in two mutually perpendicular standing directions along guides by drives "is movable and by a programming device that Adjustment controls and depending on the tone of information given, the automatic implementation of all necessary Certain welds on the workpiece

Further features of the innovation emerge from the claims, in the drawings are exemplary embodiments of machines according to the innovation shown, In the drawing is

Mg «, 1 a plan view of a machine according to the

Innovation,

Figo 2 is a side view of Figure "3 1, FIG _o a front view to Fig. 1, Fig '4 is a perspective view of a

second embodiment of the machine, 5 shows a perspective illustration of a further embodiment of the machine, 6 shows a perspective illustration of a further embodiment of the machine, 7 is a partially sectioned view of a

Welding head,

Fig. 8 is a side view of a pincer-shaped Welding tool,

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9 is a side view of another embodiment in the form of a pliers-like welding tool and

Fig «IO a perspective view of a

modified design of a welding head,

The machine according to FIg ₀ 1 to 3 has one

Table 1 for clamping the workpieces, which is on a foundation 2 rests “Two uprights 3 and 4 are connected to the side of the foundation, which together with a main 5 form a portal form ,, The main 5 represents a longitudinal guide on the A carriage 6 is movably arranged via roller bearings, slide rails or slides made of plastic, the displacement of which by a hydraulic or pneumatic drive, e.g. with double-acting, possibly telescopic cylinders, by a mechanical drive in the form of a screw drive, a ball screw drive, a rack and pinion drive or a chain drive. A motor 7s which is mounted on one of the stands 4 is used for the drive » This motor can be an electric motor, preferably a self-braking one Two phase motor, or, in many cases preferably, a hydraulic motor, its high ratio between torque and moment of inertia a quick and precise stopping of the car in the desired position as well easy, stepless speed control by means of flow rate control allows »

The carriage 6, which can be pushed in the longitudinal direction, carries two transverse guides 8, which are arranged parallel to one another at a distance from one another. Along the transverse guides 8, a slide 11 is movable is based ₀ the displaceable in the longitudinal direction of the machine carriage is thus obtained in the form of a portal, iat suitable as a supporting framework for particularly heavy Schweisskapfe, which are to exert a significant force in the welding position _#

The carriage 11 is on the transverse guides displaceable by means of a drive «, This drive can be used like the drive for the longitudinally movable carriage be formed, Here it is when a mechanical Drive is used, expediently, the motor on the Stand 3 or 4 to mount and the movement to the longitudinally displaceable carriage via a shaft 12 to transmitted, whereby the moment of inertia of the slide is reduced «

On the slide 11, which can be moved in the transverse direction to the machine, there are hydraulic or pneumatic ones Cylinder provided in order to give electrodes 13 a vertical positioning movement on the workpiece to be machined. The welding current is fed to the electrodes 13 via lines

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supplied, which lie in the hollow piston rod of the sliding piston in the cylinder, "The electrical leads 14 may aloer also lead directly to the electrodes, as shown in FIG _e 2 with dash-dotted lines. As usual, the flexible lines 14 can be suspended by elastic members or arranged to be self-supporting.

In special cases, for example when welding series can be carried out in just one maneuver with the welding machine are to be carried out, it is sufficient to equip the machine with a carriage, with the electrodes only be moved along a straight line "

If, in contrast to the case shown, a different welding system than one with two electrodes is used, for example with a single point with a return path across the table, the latter can consist of highly conductive, antimagnetic metal, for example copper or aluminum, electrical or magnetic Systems for the compensation of the inductance fluctuations of the circuit caused by the displacement of the electrode on the table 1 are provided »The supply takes place in a manner known per se from the low-voltage secondary winding a welding transformer

with the ifbliclien time and power control devices »In special cases the transformer can be mounted on the carriage 6 or the slide 11 _{or similar}

The arrangement described enables

by moving the carriage 6 and the carriage 11 on the respective guides to bring the electrodes 13 into any desired working position in relation to the table 1 ^ According to an essential feature of the innovation, the machine is assigned a programming device 15 and connected to it via a multiple cable 16, so that a series of set information effects the control of the machine, in particular the longitudinal displacement of the carriage 6, the transverse displacement of the carriage 11, the provision of the electroder 13? as well as the strength and duration of the welding process _ö The machine can therefore automatically and precisely carry out all welding work required at the most varied of points on a workpiece located on the table 1. The programming device can be of any design and its features do not form part of the innovation it consists rather in the combination of a programming device with a welding machine of the type 5 described in order to make its operation completely automatic.

The programmer works with a suitable system to determine the position of each moving part of the machine together to bring it to a standstill

äer "moving parts" when they reach their predetermined Able to "cause, or in the case of the application of a further developed system of attitudes to take a predetermined posture, »The system for determining the posture the "moving parts can for their part be designed in different ways." Solutions available »In Figo 1 is purely schematic Such a device is designated by 17 ″, which determines the position of the car by means of microswitch sensors and movable cam "causes.

When using a double electrode 3.3 it is possible to make the latter pivotable about a vertical axis, in order to interrupt the welding processes at the appropriate moment. This rotary movement is also preferred controlled by the programmer

The table 1 comprises the usual means for securing the workpieces on, z, B "dovetail? Örmige grooves 18 (FIG _o 4) ° As is further apparent from Figo 4, the table on the foundation 2 can be by means of supports 19 vertically adjustable mounted in order to be able to adapt the machine to workpieces of different heights »

As Figo 4 also shows, the transverse guides 8 can be cantilevered on the longitudinally displaceable Carriage 6 be attached so that a console is formed which is carried by the main 5 of the portal »This

Arrangement allows the attachment of workpieces the table 1, which protrude over the front edge of the table » It should also be "noted that due to the portal from the columns 3 and 4 and the main 5 the workpiece clamped on the table both forwards and backwards or Can protrude right or left over the table, so that workpieces with significant dimensions can also be processed on the machine can be »

According to Figo 5, the table 1 is movably mounted on the foundation 2 in the transverse direction and runs through the aforementioned Portal 3j4 * 5 »In this way, workpieces of significant transverse dimensions can be processed in several aisles without reclamping on the table »Also the transverse movement of table 1 can be controlled by the programming device, so that the machine first carries out all point welding, which is required, for example, in one half of the workpiece are, and then all welds are carried out in the second half of the workpiece, which latter half can of course be done according to a different program than that of the first half »This naturally only slow movement of table 1, however, does not serve to set the individual welding points. This setting is made as already carried out, exclusively by shifting the carriage and sledge »During the first mentioned movement Rather, it is merely an auxiliary movement to different areas of the workpiece in the processing zone

to bring «Optionally, the same working method can be used» be to clamp two identical workpieces on the two halves of the table and both after the same Edit the program one after the other »During the one piece is processed, the other previously processed piece can be clamped and a new one to be processed afterwards Workpiece are clamped »In this way, the machine's work performance is used much better ο

Even with a machine with a fixed table you can work in this advantageous way when the clamping of several workpieces of the same type on the Table 1 is possible «In this case, the programming device repeats a certain program after the Changeover of the welding head to a different workpiece is done. In the same way, the programming device can also work when the Workpiece has two successive halves, the require exactly the same editing, what has been said here Of course,> also applies if it is a question of repeating the implementation of the program several times The one related to that in the transverse direction

displaceable Tisö'h 1 according to Figo 5 explanations given apply equally for the longitudinally slidable table 1 according to Fig 6 _0, the processing tool

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pieces of great length or lengthways on top of each other = subsequently clamped workpieces, *

As Figo 5 shows, the transverse guides 8 for the carriage 11 instead of being connected to the carriage 6, can also be firmly connected to the carriage 11 and then be slidably mounted in the carriage 6 _e

So far, only one carriage 6 that can be moved in the longitudinal direction has been mentioned, but it is also possible to provide two or more carriages 6 and corresponding transverse guides 8 and carriages 11 in order to be able to work at several points at the same time are identical because they can then be controlled jointly by a program ₀

FIG. 7 shows in detail an embodiment of a slide 11 that is displaceable in the transverse direction to hold the electrodes 13 ″ A frame 20 overflows Rolls 21 on the transverse guides 8 and carries the welding head 11, which can be rotated about a vertical axis, in order to interrupt the! To enable welding processes »The welding head 11 has two hydraulic or pneumatic cylinders for pistons 22, to which continuous piston rods 23 are attached, which at their lower end via chuck 23a electrodes 13 and on their upper ends carry terminals 24 for connecting the electrical lines, springs 25 equal the weight of these

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"moving parts from" instead of two hydraulic or pneumatic cylinder with associated piston> of course, only a single cylinder with piston can be provided ",

With the vertical setting, the electrodes can be brought to rest against the workpiece or stopped at a certain distance from it. The latter is expediently controlled by the programming device. This is particularly true when other welding tools are used as the previously-mentioned _s example, pincer-like welding tools, which together set pieces pinch advantage of the workpieces to be processed in order to weld them "

Such a pliers-like welding tool, known per se for manual use, is shown in FIG have, which are preferably pneumatically or hydraulically movable to each other and at the ends of the electrodes 13 carry ₀ with such a welding tool, it is possible to weld vertical flanges 27 of the clamped on the table 1 workpieces. The electrodes are set to the height at which the welding work is to be carried out.

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12 -

In order to be able to weld planes lying horizontally at a distance from the table 1 to one another, such as the planch 28 in Pig » 9, a pliers-shaped welding tool is used which has a body carried by the" movable rod 23 "with a console-like extension 29« The second electrode 13 is held by a rod which is actuated by a smeumatic or hydraulic cylinder 31, so that the tongs that are formed can be closed for welding includes the pool to be welded, whereupon the welding is carried out with the electrodes 13 moving towards one another ο

Since it is possible to carry out spot welds on one and the same workpiece with ordinary electrodes and those that have to be carried out with pliers-shaped welding tools, the innovation looks like from Pig “10 can be seen, a welding head divided from two independently height-adjustable parts 11a and 11b 11 before. The part 11a has electrodes 13a seated on vertical rods 23 and the other part 11b a pincer-shaped one Welding element 26 “Of course in this Palle also the optional actuation of one or the other of the two parts 11a and 11b of the welding head from the Programming device controlled so that the machine

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can automatically carry out the most varied of required welding work ₀

Instead of one electrode or one pair of electrodes, each welding head can also carry a larger number of electrodes in order to carry out a certain number of welds at the same time, whereby in such a case a separate supply of the various electrodes or electrode pairs, which are intended for simultaneous work, must of course be provided ₀

Claims (1)

Schutza.nspr-U.che I »Machine for carrying out electrical Point welds or projection welds, marked through a table (l) for clamping s ± h to welding workpieces, at least one welding head (ll) with welding electrodes (13)? which is at least in two mutually perpendicular directions along guides (5> 8) can be moved by drives (7) and through a programming device (15) which controls and depends on the information provided determines the automatic execution of all required welds on the workpiece « 2 ₀ machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the Tisck (1) is firmly connected to the foundation (2) of the machine » 3 »Machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the table (l) on the foundation (2) of the Machine is arranged adjustable in height (19) «, 4o machine according to claim 1, characterized in that that the table (1) is arranged on the foundation (2) of the machine so that it can be moved in the longitudinal or transverse direction. 15 - 5. Machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the table (l) has clamping devices , such as dovetail-shaped grooves (18) or the like "for the workpieces to be" processed or corresponding workpiece holders, 6 "Machine according to claim 1, characterized in that that the foundation (2) carries two uprights (3> 4), which are supported by a lying in the longitudinal direction of the machine Main (5) are connected to one another to form a portal, and that at least one carriage (6) along the main is displaceable, which carries the welding head (ll) which can be moved in the transverse direction to the machine » 7 «Machine according to claim 6, characterized in that that the drives (7) for the longitudinal and transverse movement of the welding head (II) are arranged on the uprights (4) and preferably electrically or hydraulically are trained 8o machine according to claim 6, characterized in that the longitudinally displaceable carriage (6) is connected to a carriage (ll) which carries the welding head (ll) and which is displaceable in the transverse direction via transverse guides (8) which are connected to the carriage or carriage and are movable in relation to the sled or carriage, _o - 16 - _ 16 ~ 9o machine according to claim 8, characterized in that that the welding head (ll) on the slide, which can be moved in the transverse direction, about a vertical axis is rotatable and the rotational movements of the welding head are controlled by the programming device (15) » 1Oe machine according to claim 1, characterized in that that the welding head (ll) can only be moved along a straight path « Ho machine according to claim 1, characterized in that that the welding head (II) is not only in two perpendicular directions but also in the third Axis is vertically movable, so that the welding head controlled by the programming device at any Point is movable within a certain space, 12a machine according to claim 11, characterized in that that the welding head (II) carries a pliers-shaped welding tool (26), the pliers of which are controlled by the programming device (15) are controlled. 13. Machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the welding head consists of two parts (Ha ₅ Hb), each of which carries welding tools (I3a $ 26,13b) of different types. 14c machine according to claim 1, characterized in that that at least two welding heads are provided with the corresponding guides, which at the same time - 17 - on several workpieces or several sections of the same workpiece are adjustable « 15 ο Machine according to Claim I _5, characterized in that the programming device (15) also controls the intensity and duration of the welding current for each welding process 16, machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the programming device assigned to it (15) the repetition of one and the same program in at least two different zones of the processing field controls on different workpieces or on different zones of a workpiece.