DE1936090A1

DE1936090A1 - Mixing and conacting operations promoted - by electrostatic field

Info

Publication number: DE1936090A1
Application number: DE19691936090
Authority: DE
Inventors: Auf Nichtnennung Antrag
Original assignee: Greimpex Fabrikation & Ex GmbH
Current assignee: Greimpex Fabrikation & Ex GmbH
Priority date: 1968-07-19
Filing date: 1969-07-16
Publication date: 1971-01-21

Abstract

Limited areas of the media to be treated are exposed to a strong, non-homogeneous, electric field. This exchanges, precipitates or coprecipitates charges. The electrostatic forces produced improve mechanical mixing operations. Other processes induced by strong electric fields can be carried out. Spec., the device is also claimed. It is used for open-air treatment of water, in green houses for mixing carbon dioxide with air, and in internal combustion engines for mixing fuel with air.

Description

Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Reinigung, zur Auftereitung bzw. zur Verbesserung oder Wiederherstellung der biologischen Nutzbarkeit ruhender oder fließender Medien.Method and device for cleaning, for reprocessing or for Improvement or restoration of the biological usability in a dormant or flowing manner Media.

Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren zur Reinigung, zur Aufbereitung bzw. zur Verbesserung oder Wiederherstellung der biologischen Nutzbarkeit ruhender oder fließender Medien besteht darin, daß die zu behandelnden Medien in einem begrenzten Bereich der Wirkung eines starken, inhomogenen elektrischen Feldes ausgesetzt werden und dabei ein Austausch, Niederschlag oder Mitreißen von Ladungen, eine Unterstützung mechanischer Nfisohvorgänge durch Einwirkung elektrostatischer Kräfte und andere, von starken elektrischen Feldern inuzierte Prozesse ermbglicht werden.The inventive method for cleaning, processing or to improve or restore the biological usability of dormant or flowing media is that the media to be treated in a limited Area to be exposed to the action of a strong, inhomogeneous electric field and thereby an exchange, precipitation or entrainment of charges, a support mechanical Nfisohvorgänge by action electrostatic forces and other processes induced by strong electric fields.

Bei Anwendung dieses Verfahrens zur Behandlung fließender Medien ist beispielsweise vorgesehen, daß das betreffende Medium durch ein Rohrsttick aus isolierendem Material geleitet wird, in.welchem eine offene Elektrode koaxial angeordnet ist, die vom Medium umspült werden kann; hierbei dient ein das Rohrstück umgebender leitfähiger Zylinder mit gegenüber der inneren Elektrode entgegengeset atem Potential zur Beglinstigung des Ladungs-Austausches zwischen Elektrode und Medium. Auf diese Weise ist das Medium einem starken elektrischen Feld ausgesetzt, ohne daß am Ort des Rohrstücks Elektrolyseerscheinungen auftreten können. Eine schematische Uberaicht über die Anordnung, mit deren Hilfe das Verfahren verwirklicht werden kann, gibt Abb. 1.When using this method for the treatment of flowing media is For example, it is provided that the medium in question through a tubular piece of insulating Material is conducted, in which an open electrode is arranged coaxially, which can be washed by the medium; a conductive one surrounding the pipe section is used here Cylinder with a potential to breathe in the opposite direction to the inner electrode the charge exchange between the electrode and the medium. That way is the medium exposed to a strong electric field without electrolysis phenomena at the location of the pipe section may occur. A schematic overview of the arrangement by means of which the process can be realized, Fig. 1 shows.

Das Verfahren sieht die Behandlung ruhender Medien in der Weise vor, daß kein mechanischer Transport des Mediums, also BefUrderußg durch Rohrleitungen usw., notwendig ist, sondern z.B. die zu entfernenden Abfallstoffe lokal angereichert und dann in konzentrierter Form dem Medium entsogen werden. Die hierzu vorgesehenen Vorrichtungen sind beweglich und können innerhalb des Mediums an verschiedene-Orts gebracht und ständig oder zeitweise verschoben werden, Das Verfahren stellt deshalb einen Fortschritt gegenüber früheren Reinigungs- und Aufbereitungsmethoden dar, weil z.B. die Abfallstoffe nicht wie durch Filter mechanisch festgehalten werden, sondern durch - mit hilfe elektrostatischer Kräfte erfolgende - Anreicherung an bestimmten Stellen und anschließendes Absaugen im kontinuierlichen Betrieb entfernt werden können.The procedure provides for the treatment of dormant media in such a way that that no mechanical transport of the medium, i.e. conveyance through pipelines etc., is necessary, but e.g. the waste to be removed is locally enriched and then removed from the medium in concentrated form. The intended Devices are movable and can be moved to different locations within the medium brought and moved permanently or temporarily, The procedure therefore represents an advance over previous cleaning and processing methods because, for example, the waste materials are not retained mechanically, as is the case with filters, but through - with the help of electrostatic forces - enrichment removed from certain points and subsequent suction in continuous operation can be.

Eine schematische Übersicht silber die prinzipielle Arbeitsweise des Verfahrens und der dafür vorgesehenen Vorrichtungen gibt Abb. 2, in der deutlich gemacht worden ist, daß die gesamte Anordnung gegebenenfalls in das Medium W eingelassen werden kann, Die gewellte Linie ißt eine Phasen grenzfläche. Der Behälter P, der die da. elektrische Potential erzeugende ochspannungseinri0htung sowie andere elektrische Steuervorrichtungen enthält. ist der Bereich, in dem z.B. die Konzentration der Abfallstoffe oder die Behandlung des Mediums W erfolgt. Die Pfeil. deuten die Bewegung der Stoffe bzw. des Mediums, insbesondere bei strömenden Medien, an. In A kann sich eine Absaug. oder Transport einrichtung befinden. Dort erfolgt die Sammlung der Abfallstoffe, wenn die Reinigung des Mediums W beabsichtigt ist; der Sanielbehälter kann jedoch auch durch eine Schlauch- oder Rohrleitung, die aus dem Medium W herausführt, ersetzt werden.A schematic overview of the basic mode of operation of the silver Process and the devices provided for it are shown in Fig. 2, in which clearly has been made that the entire arrangement is let into the medium W if necessary The wavy line eats a phase interface. The container P, the that one. ochspannungseinri0htung generating electrical potential as well as other electrical Contains control devices. is the area in which, for example, the concentration of Waste materials or the treatment of the medium W takes place. The arrow. interpret the movement the substances or the medium, especially in the case of flowing media. In A can a suction. or transport facility. This is where the Waste materials if the cleaning of the medium W is intended; the sanitary container however, it can also be done through a hose or pipe that leads out of the medium W, be replaced.

In Abb. 3 ist schematisch eine Vorrichtung dargestellt, mit deren Hilfe auf einfaohe Weise die Konzentration von elektrischen Feldern auf einen kleinen räumlichen Bereich an der Stel dee ringförmigen Durchlasses zwischen beiden Kegeln möglich ist, die Felder gleichzeitig aber über einen großen Bereioh vor dem Eingang des Trichters erstreckt sind und die zudem die Hochspannungs- und evtl.In Fig. 3, a device is shown schematically with the Help in a simple way the concentration of electric fields on a small one spatial area at the Stel dee annular passage between the two cones is possible, the fields at the same time but over a large area in front of the entrance of the funnel are extended and also the high voltage and possibly

Pumpeinrichtungen usw. in ihrem Inneren enthalt, so daß lediglich ein Niederspannungskabel und evtl. eine Schlauchleitung (in Abb. 3 unten anzuschließen) erforderlich sind.Contains pumping devices, etc. in their interior, so that only a low-voltage cable and possibly a hose line (to be connected in Fig. 3 below) required are.

Zur Förderung der eaktionsgesohwindigkeit von Gasreaktionen oder ihrer Einleitung sowie zur Verbesserung des Durchmischungsgrades von Medien dereelben oder verschiedenier Phase wird die Stelle, an der die Durchmischung eintritt, starken eletötrisöhen Feldern ausgesetzt und durch jeweils regelbare Bereitstellung von Ladungen für ein Medium oder von entgegengesetzten Ladungen für beide Medien die Ausbeute bzw. das Fortschreiten der physikafischen und chemischen Prozesse gefördert, Dabei kann, wenn sich eines der Medien in rasch strEmendem Zustand befindet, das andern Medium durch Erzeugen eines verminderten statischen Durcks angesaugt werden, so daß der zusätzliche Einbau der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtungen in bereits vorhandene technische Anordnungen bzw. die Neufertigung nur geringen Aufwand erfordert.To promote the reaction speed of gas reactions or their Introduction as well as to improve the degree of mixing of media of the same or in different phases the point at which the mixing occurs will be strengthened exposed to eletötrisöhen fields and each controllable provision of Charges for one medium or of opposite charges for both media the Yield or the progress of the physical and chemical processes promoted, If one of the media is in a rapidly flowing state, the another medium is sucked in by generating a reduced static pressure, so that the additional installation of the devices according to the invention in already existing technical arrangements or the new production requires only little effort.

Eine uebersicht über die vorgesehenen Anordnungen zur Durchführung dieses Verfahrens geben sowohl Abb. 1, in der die Vereinigung der Medien vor oder nach dem dargestellten Rohrstück erfolgt, als auch Abb. 4, aus der hervorgeht, daß die Elektroden unter Umständen mögliohst nah an den Ort der Vereinigung herangebracht werden messen, um dafür zu sorgen, daß die Stellen größter Feldstärke und größten Ladungsaustausches auch die Stellen größter Strömungsgeschwindigkeit und gegebenenfalls Turbulenz sind. Auf diese Weise wird der Austausch von Ladungen zwischen den Medien selbst sowie zwischen den Medien und der offenen Elektrode optimal.An overview of the planned arrangements for implementation this procedure give both Fig. 1, in which the association of the media before or takes place after the pipe section shown, as well as Fig. 4, from which it can be seen that the electrodes may be brought as close as possible to the place of union will measure to make sure that the places of greatest field strength and greatest Charge exchange also the places of greatest flow velocity and possibly Are turbulence. In this way, the exchange of charges between the media itself as well as between the media and the open electrode.

Weitere Einzelheiten der Erfindung und Anwendungemögliohkeiten gehen aus den Ansprüchen hervor.Further details of the invention and application possibilities go to from the claims.

Zeichenerklärung: Abb. 1 Behandlung eines strömenden Mediums a) offene Elektrode aus leitfähigem Material b) Halterung für die Elektrode a o) leitfähiger Zylinder d) Rohrstück aus isolierendem Material Die Abbildung enthalt auch das elektrische Schaltbild; ist die Spannungsquelle. Explanation of symbols: Fig. 1 Treatment of a flowing medium a) open Electrode made of conductive material b) Holder for the electrode a o) more conductive Cylinder d) pipe section made of insulating material. The figure also contains the electrical Circuit diagram; is the voltage source.

Abb. 2 Die gewellte Linie stellt eine Phasengrenzfläche des Mediums W (z.B Wasseroberfläche) dar. In P befinden sich Hochspannungsgenerator und andere elektrische Einrichtungen für den Betrieb der Anordnung. A enthält evtl. die Absaugvorrichtung und einen Sammelbehälter für Abfall stoffe. (Siehe auch Textteil und Ansprüche). Fig. 2 The wavy line represents a phase interface of the medium W (e.g. water surface). In P there are high voltage generators and others electrical equipment for operating the arrangement. A may contain the suction device and a collection container for waste materials. (See also text part and claims).

. Abb. 3 Trichterförmige Ansaugvorrichtung a) Netz oder Gitter b) Isolation des Außen- und Innenkegels c)- leitfähige Kegelwand als Elektrode S und P enthalten die Hochepannunge- und andere elektrische Einrichtungen; 5 versorgt insbesondere den Innenkegel mit einer hohen elektrischen Spannung,-ohne langer Zuleitungen zu bedürfen.. Fig. 3 Funnel-shaped suction device a) Mesh or grid b) Insulation of the outer and inner cone c) - conductive cone wall as an electrode S. and P contain the high voltage and other electrical devices; 5 supplied especially the inner cone with a high electrical voltage, -without long leads to need.

Abb. 4 Reaktionsraum C, der die physikalisch. Durchmischung und/oder chemische Reaktion des strömenden Mediums A mit dem angesaugten Medium B und die Weiterführung der Reaktionsprodukte nach D gestattet a) Zuführungsrohr b) offene Elektrode aus leitfähigem Material o) Halterung für die Elektrode b (aus isolierendem Materials d) Wand des Ansaugstutzens e) leitfähigens Elektrodenmaterial mit großer Oberfläche f) isolierender Hohlkörper als Behälter für e In S befindet sich die Spannungequelle.Fig. 4 Reaction chamber C, which is the physically. Mixing and / or chemical reaction of the flowing medium A with the sucked in medium B and the Continuation of the reaction products according to D allows a) feed pipe b) open Electrode made of conductive material o) Holder for the electrode b (made of insulating Materials d) wall of the suction port e) conductive electrode material with large Surface f) insulating hollow body as a container for e In S is the Voltage source.

Claims

P a t e n t a n s p r ü c h e

1. Process for cleaning, reprocessing or improvement or restoring the biological usability of dormant or flowing Media, characterized in that the media to be treated in a limited Area to be exposed to the action of a strong, inhomogeneous electric field and thereby an exchange, precipitation or entrainment of charges, a support mechanical mixing processes through the action of electrostatic forces and others, processes induced by strong electric fields are enabled.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the field-generating Provisions can be made in the medium itself, so that the treatment any transport of the medium - e.g. through long pipelines, etc. - is independent of the location of the devices.

3. The method according to claim 1 and 2, characterized in that the Field-generating devices combined with suction, transport devices, etc. are, whereby the waste material that has come into the area of the strong electric fields in concentrated form removed from the medium or in one, attached to the devices connected, drainable container can be collected.

4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that that the degree of mixing and the chemical reaction range of two or more Substances are increased by the fact that the substances through suitable transport devices briefly and locally accelerated and in areas of high electrical field strength are brought, where the delivery and through specially shaped electrode bodies Acceptance of charges etc. is made possible.

5. The method according to claim 1 bit 4, characterized in that the Concentration of charge carriers in media is kept under control by optionally voltages of different heights and different signs to the electrodes are created and / or within one and the same arrangement areas of different Field intensity and direction are provided so that too much enrichment of the medium in question Ions of a charge sign or with ions is not possible at all or, if necessary, a reduction in Ion concentration can be achieved,

6. The method according to claim 1 to 5, characterized characterized in that the occurrence of charges from an open electrode is characterized It is energetically favored that it is opposed to an i80-lated electrode Charge sign is compared, so that the charges are indeed the strong Follow the field and start the desired reactions, but not at the counter electrode be withdrawn from the medium again.

7. Device for performing the method according to one of the claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the field-generating electrodes are made of insulating material Material of preferably cylindrical or conical, but if necessary also other shape are worked, if necessary a continuous passage of parts of the medium to be treated allow an undesirable direct Contact of the media with the electropen is prevented by the fact that these are highly insulating Covers made of synthetic or andQrem. Material suitable high specific electrical Resistance are surrounded.

8. Apparatus according to claim 7, characterized in that in particular for cleaning and treatment of standing and flowing water or for cleaning the air the field-generating electrodes including voltage generators and other necessary electrical equipment and instruments as well as the transport devices for waste materials, parts of the medium, etc.

are made in compact form 80 that the system is provisionally im Water is submerged or enclosed in the space from which the air is to be purified can and for operation only a feed cable for low voltage and possibly A drainage pipe or pipe is necessary to remove the waste are.

Device according to claim 8, characterized in that a funnel-shaped Suction device is provided, the conical wall of which is made of solid material and its interior a smaller, coaxial cone with inverted ;, towards the entrance of the large cone directed tip contains that both cones each on all sides by one electrically insulating, resistant protective layer are covered in a watertight manner, itself made of conductive material and connected to one in the madder between the Cones are connected to the cavity located in the cone, that the substances to be removed from the surrounding medium, the annular passage between Outside- and flow through inner cones and from a transport or pumping device into one Container that is connected to the suction device or by a hose line associated with it, be promoted.

10. Apparatus according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that At the entrance of the funnel-shaped suction nozzle, a grid or network is attached is.

11. Apparatus according to claim 8 to 10, characterized in that the transport and pumping device in claim 9 by an electronic arrangement, e.g. light source and photocell or photoresistor with corresponding control circuit, is controlled so that the transport and pumping process only then begins or accelerates will if there is a sufficient concentration of waste in the space behind the annular passage is reached.

12. The device according to claim 7, characterized in that for oxygen enrichment from standing and flowing water the water is mixed with air, which comes from the normal atmosphere and a cavity immediately before the mixing process flows through, in which there is conductive electrode material with a large surface, which in turn has a high negative potential.

13. Apparatus according to claim 12, characterized in that at sufficiently fast flowing water at a narrowed point in the flow cross-section brought and arising from the total or a subset of durohatömten pipe static negative pressure is used to suck in the air, so that for application the device according to claim 12 no additional pumping devices and the like. are necessary.

14. Device according to. Claim 12 or 13, characterized in that that the place of mixing of air and water or other media strong electrical Fields -is exposed by creating a conductive, conical shape at this point Electrode is attached and the spatial Beroloh in which the mixing is carried out is surrounded by a second electrode which is enclosed in insulating material is so that the first electrode to a high negative and the second electrode know how to be placed on a high positive electrical potential or vice versa, without current flow occurring between them.

15. The device according to claim 7, characterized in that for the better Utilization of artificial carbon dioxide by plants in closed Rimen, especially greenhouses, and for similar purposes that of a steel bottle or the like. Ententömende gas shortly before the exit into the room from hochisolierendsm Material flows through existing pipe section, inside a conductive, conical tapered electrode is arranged coaxially and over a length that corresponds to the length corresponds to the electrode located inside, from a cylindrical, against the outside world is possibly surrounded by a shell insulated electrode, so that between a high voltage can be applied to the inner and outer electrodes.

16. The device according to claim 15, characterized in that the The arrangement of the electrodes in internal combustion engines described in claim 15 is used at the point where the fuel is mixed with the air.

17. The device according to claim 7, characterized in that for adjustment the ion content of a closed space, e.g. the interior of an automobile the device according to claim 15 is used by the ventilation, etc., inflowing air by directing the air flow through the pipe section and passing it to the two Electrodes applied electrical potentials automatically or manually Regulation of the voltage sources are adjustable.

18. Apparatus according to claim 7, characterized in that for afterburning or further reaction from an internal combustion engine, such as Otto and These engine, etc., escape gases shortly after the exit valve of the cylinder or the operating chamber flow through a narrowed piece of pipe in which there is a an insulating holder, arranged coaxially in the pipe section, strange tapered electrode, the static pressure is reduced at this point is used to suck in air or other gases which are immediately in front of it flow through an electrically insulated cavity to the outside, in which there is conductive Electrode material is located on a large surface, and the coaxial electrode on a high positive or negative electrical potential and the electrode material high electrical potential of opposite sign by suitable controllable Voltage sources are held so that at the point of Durohiäiscbung the two Gas flows enable and / or accelerate chemical reactions, e.g. oxidations will.