DE1921520B2 - Sync. motor driven timing switch - has battery powered emergency drive control connected to amplifier and pulse shaper - Google Patents

Abstract

The emergency drive control has a series connected amplifier and pulse shaper stage, the amplifier stage serving simultaneously as an electric switch. Between the same and the control drive circuit is an inductive coupling. During mains operation the electronic switch is supplied by a blocking potential from a rectifier, this blocking preventing switching of the control pulses to the amplifier or a series connected transformer. The rectifier charge battery supplies the electronic components even in mains operation. The mains alternating voltage is supplied between the amplifier output and the series connected transformer in such manner that both the mains voltage and the pulses of the drive control are applied to the input of the transformer.

Description

The invention relates to a time switch a power reserve and a synchronous motor as drive, with a battery-powered one during a power failure time-keeping arrangement (regulator), consisting of a self-controlling oscillating electromechanical structure, the synchronous motor by means of electrical impulses for a limited time continues to drive, a switching element being provided. which in mains operation the generation of the impulses of the constantly running gear regulator for the synchronous motor is prevented and an infor-

Tier is provided that the impulses of the gear regulator in suitable alternating pulses for starting the synchronous motor uniforrnt.

Such a timer is already known from DT-PS 3 99 087. There is in a first one Embodiment shown a synchronous motor, which has a U-shaped iron armature yoke and a Winding & J3 is driven to the mains. With the U-shaped anchor yoke also acts together with a Wagnerian hammer, which also acts through a the mains operated electromagnet is constantly held in its rest position. On the U-shaped anchor yoke a second winding is also provided, which is connected to a battery with a terminal and mi * another at the break contact of Wagner's hammer. In the event of a power failure, the electromagnet releases the Wagner shear »Hammer free, this one is running! on and generates drive pulses for the synchronous motor in the second-mentioned winding, so that it can also be used with Power failure continues.

In a second embodiment of this document a further development of this arrangement is shown denirt that the Wagner hammer also with mains operation runs continuously, but the battery is switched off during this time by means of an electromagnetic switch the winding of the synchronous motor is switched off.

These two well-known versions however, have the disadvantage that the nib of Wagner's hammer alone is not a good time-keeping one Has properties and that also the impulses of Wagner's hammer are very different compared to those of the mains, so that the synchronous motor, depending on whether mains or battery operation present, mull process very different impulses. This will drive the synchronous motor ki i'iseher.

From US-PS 22 35 317 it is also known to cmc electrical tube by applying a negative potential with a .shreshold voltage to give away to control these only by signals with a height that exceeds the threshold voltage. On such shifting orders however, the invention does not relate to it.

Based on the prior art mentioned, the object of the invention is to provide a time switch with a power reserve with very good zcith-retaining properties at Net / ausfall / u, in which also the Synchronous motor always the same pulses are offered, regardless of whether this is from the network or from the Battery operated. Another object of the invention is to provide the arrangement in such a way the fact that the timer with one or at most two Batteries of 1.25 V can be operated.

The solution to the problem posed is made possible by the characterizing features of claim I.

Further features of the invention are also in shown in the subclaims.

In the following several execution examples explained on the basis of the drawings. It shows

I ι g. 1 shows a first possible embodiment of the invention with an electromechanical (jungregier.

E ι g. 2 in the arrangement according to E i g. I use th gear regulator,

E ι g. 2a shows the regulator from FIG. 2 in view in Direction of arrow, 4. where the induction coils are also shown here,

I- i v- 3 a / wide embodiment of the invention with a simplified electromechanical gear control,

F i g. 4 a gear regulator as it is in the embodiment according to FIG. 3 is used,

F i g. 4a the gear regulator according to FIG. 4 in a view in the direction of arrow B. The induction coils are also shown here,

F i g. 5 shows a third embodiment of the invention with the same gear regulator as in the embodiment according to FIG. 3.

The arrangement according to FIG. 1 contains a power supply unit I, the drive circuit for an electromechanical gear regulator 11, an electronic Schaher, amplifier and pulse shaper III and a converter IV. The power supply unit contains a transformer 31 with the windings 31a. 31i> and a second secondary winding 3tc for controlling the converter, and a b of the first secondary winding 31 lying full-wave rectifier 32. The negative terminal of the latter is connected through a charging resistor 33 and a diode 34 two at the negative terminal of the series connection of batteries 35 and 36 The positive terminal of the full-wave rectifier lies on the positive terminal of these two batteries of 1.25 V each. The drive circuit for the regulator contains a transistor 37, a control coil 38, a drive coil 39a and a coil 39ό inductively coupled to this. A capacitor 41 serves to suppress unwanted blocking oscillations of the system. A capacitor 42 serves to support the self-start of the gear regulator. Finally, a diode 4} is only used to raise the voltage threshold at transistor 37 in the event that the batteries 35 and 36 are completely discharged. As a time-keeping element / ur control of this circuit arrangement ii ^ iit a / weizinkiger flat fork oscillator 44 (E i g. 2). which looks like a tuning fork. however, its arms do not swing in a common plane, but in two parallel planes. Each prong of the flat fork oscillator has a small magnet 45 or 46 at its free end. which, when the tines vibrate, dip more or less strongly into the coils 38 or 39a and 396 and thus enable the gear regulator to be controlled automatically. It should be noted that the two prongs swing out of phase. In principle, it would also be possible in the sense of the invention to arrange only one magnet on a prong instead of two magnets 45 and 46 and to place this in all three coils 38, 39, ·? and \ °) h to immerse. In this case, these three coils are expediently not arranged one behind the other, but instead the three wires are wound into one another to form a bobbin.

The electronic switch III contains a transi stör 47, whose Arbeitsspunki over resistors 48. 4?

and a diode 50 is set. The latter serve at the same time for tension and Tcmpcratiirkom compensation for the transistor 47. A resistor stood 51. which at the negative terminal of the full away equator 32, this transistor receives 4 ' always a high negative reverse voltage to whom the mains voltage is present si. This then leads to it that the working pulses generated in the coil 39b de The gear regulator of the transistor 47 is rendered ineffective.

At the output of the transistor 47 is the winding 31c ″ of the transformer 31, which causes there the AC mains voltage despite the blocked Trans

stors 47 reaches the input of the converter IV. The latter consists of two transistors 52 and 53 as well two capacitors 54 and 55 and two resistors 56 and 57. Between the emitter-side output The synchronous motor 58 is located between the converter and the connection point of the two batteries 35 and 36 in the manner already described. With the aid of a resistor 59, the bias voltage can be applied during mains operation at the transistor 37 of the gear regulator are reduced to such an extent that the gear regulator is operated both in mains operation as well as always has the same amplitude in battery operation.

The mode of operation of this arrangement is as follows: The AC mains voltage is supplied by the transformer given directly to the input of the converter via winding 31c and alternatively controls one or another transistor 52 or 53 in the manner already described. At the same time it is over the resistor 51 applied to the base of the transistor 47, a negative blocking potential, so that the in the Coil 396 generated impulses of the gear regulator cannot reach the converter. The drive of the Flat fork oscillator takes place in such a way that the prong 46 in the control coil 38 generates a positive pulse generated, which is amplified in the transistor 37 and via the work coil 39a and the magnet 45 acts as a driving force on the other prong of the transducer. Simultaneously with the pulses in coil 39a corresponding pulses are also generated in the coil 396. It is easy to see that such drive pulses are only ever in one direction of movement can be generated by the magnets 45 and 46, whereas in the opposite direction of movement of the two magnets the transistor 37 is blocked.

If the mains voltage fails. so disappears the blocking potential at the input of the transistor 47th and the Pulses generated in coil 396 are amplified in transistor 47 and pass from the output of the the latter alternatively to the bases of the transistors 52 or 53, causing the synchronous motor 58 square-wave pulses ? of changing polarity.

The circuit arrangement described above has a due to the flat fork oscillator used very high accuracy without the need for a great deal of effort to calibrate the flat fork oscillator is necessary.

The circuit arrangement according to FIG. 3 work on the same principle as the one according to Fig. 3. 1, however, is here instead of a two-pronged flat fork transducer, a cheaper single-pronged leaf spring transducer is used. Due to the poorer gait characteristics of the latter, this circuit arrangement is a Stabilization circuit is used for the amplitude of the oscillator, which roughly restores the quality of the gait the arrangement according to FIG. 1 is reached.

The arrangement according to FIG. 3 again contains a power supply unit I, a regulator with stabilization II, a Counter. Amplifier and pulse shaper Hl and a converter IV.

The power supply unit contains a transformer 61 with a primary winding 61a, a first secondary winding 61 £> and a second secondary winding 61c as well a full wave rectifier 62. The positive terminal of the latter is at the positive pole of the series connection two batteries 63 and 64. the negative terminal is on a charger, which contains a resistor 65 and a diode 66, at the negative pole of the series connection of the two Batteries. The speed regulator contains a transistor 67 with a control coil 68, a work coil 69a, as well as a coil 69b inductively coupled to the latter.

a mechanically vibrating element 70 is considered to be the generator for the vibrations (Fig. 4. 4a). This vibrating element consists of a simple one-sided clamped in a fastening mass 71 Leaf spring, which has two small ones at its free end

ίο carries magnets 72 and 73. During the swinging movement the leaf spring, these dip more or less strongly into the coils 68, 69a and 696. A capacitor 74 serves to suppress unwanted vibrations. A transistor 75 serves to stabilize the voltage and amplitude, and one to its collector-emitter path capacitor 76 connected in parallel and a charging resistor 77. This arrangement for stabilization has already been suggested elsewhere and always delivers so much to the base of transistor 67 Strum that on the work coil 69a the amplitude of the Leaf spring oscillator 70 remains constant.

A transistor 78 serves as an amplifier, pulse shaper and switch, in its base circuit the already mentioned Coil 696 lies. One of the resistors 79 and 80 is used to set the operating point of this transistor and a diode 81 existing arrangement. The diode 81 also fulfills the function of a voltage and temperature stabilizing element for the transistor 78. Via a resistor 82 is from the negative terminal of the full-wave rectifier 62 then always a negative blocking potential to the Ba sis of transistor 78 given when the mains voltage is present. In the collector circuit of the transistor 78 lie in addition to the second secondary coil 61c, two resistors 83 and 84. The output signal of the transistor 78 is taken from resistor 84 and 'is connected via two capacitors 85 and 86 to the bases of two Transistors 87 and 88, which again represent the converter. Two resistors 89 and 90 are used for adjustment of the operating point of the last two transistors mentioned, one of which is an npn and the other is a pnp type. The two emitters of transistors 87 and 88 are connected to one terminal of a synchronous motor 91, the other terminal of which is connected to the common terminal of the two batteries 63 and 64 lies.

The arrangement works in the same way as the arrangement according to FIG. 1 already described. 1. From the Mains voltage, AC voltage signals are generated in the second secondary coil 61c, which the two Activate transistors 87 and 88 alternatively and thus a current flow in the synchronous motor 91 alternating Generate direction. At the same time, a negative DC voltage is applied to the resistor 82 Base of transistor 78 given, whereby this is blocked and the switching through of the leaf spring oscillator 70 via the transistor 67 in the work coil 69a or 696 generated pulses is prevented. The leaf spring oscillator, which is constantly running along, can therefore be switched off while the mains voltage is present do not affect the synchronous motor.

The stabilizing arrangement now acts in such a way that the capacitor 76 during each full oscillation of the leaf spring oscillator is charged and that its charging voltage together with that in the Control winding 68 generated EMF to control the transistor 67 in the working phase of the oscillating System serves. In the blocking phase of the latter

becomes the capacitor via the transistor 75 depending on the size of the control winding 68 partially discharged emf generated by the leaf spring oscillator 70, in such a way that when too low EMF compared to the normal case, d. H. in a normal amplitude, a lower discharge of the capacitor occurs than if the EMF is too large. By the beginning of the next work phase, the capacitor has then turned off 76 only charged to a lower voltage value compared to the normal case via the charging resistor 77, which consequently causes the transistor 67 to be turned on to a greater extent. The arrangement thus works correctly in the sense that if the EMF in the control winding is too small, the transistor 67 in the next Work phase is controlled more and a larger current flows, whereas when it is too large EMF the transistor 67 is turned on less, so less current flows.

If the mains voltage fails, the negative blocking potential at the base of the transistor 78 and the controlling alternating voltage pulses in the second secondary coil blc \ Battery voltage continues to have a full effect on the base of transistor 78, are amplified there and, due to a strong overdrive of this transistor, are converted into square-wave pulses, which alternatively control transistors 87 and 88. The power failure therefore does not result in any change in the drive pulses for the synchronous motor 91.

The above-described arrangement has compared to that of FIG. 1 a particular advantage because because as a regulator there is no two-pronged flat fork oscillator, which makes certain demands on the although represents, needs to be used, but that a simple leaf spring can be used here, which does not require any effort for the adjustment is. That good gait results can still be achieved with this last-mentioned arrangement, is due to the amplitude-stabilizing arrangement used, which is transferred to the working coil 69a Transistor 67 always supplies so much current that the amplitude of the leaf spring oscillator remains constant. These However, constant amplitude in turn results in good accuracy of the oscillation system. Opposite to This reduction in the cost of adjusting and manufacturing the transducer eliminates the additional expense not significant for a transistor

The arrangement according to FIG. 5 shows a modification of the arrangement according to FIG. 3 represents. This is held of a converter uses a pole changer, which only requires a battery to generate a voltage of the size U to be supplied to the terminals of the synchronous motor, in contrast to the converter, in which two Batteries are necessary to achieve the same result. The overhead of two transistors and two resistors is negligible compared to the omission of a relatively expensive battery A saving was made by the fact that the secondary cell of the transformer only had three terminals is designed compared to the previous arrangements with a total of four secondary-side terminals This enables the transformer to be reduced in size, but also requires one more transistor. A leaf spring oscillator according to FIGS. 4 and 4a used.

The power supply unit is again marked with 1. the gear regulator with II. The pulse shaper, amplifier and switch with III, and the pole changer with IV. A power transformer 101 has a primary winding 101a. a first secondary winding 101c and a second secondary winding 101c at a tap. The voltage at the secondary winding 101 is rectified and b existing on a combination of a resistor 103 and a diode 104 charger via a full-wave rectifier 102 of the negative terminal of a battery 105 of 1.25 V

ίο fed. The positive terminal of the full wave rectifier is on the positive terminal of the battery. A leaf spring oscillator in an arrangement is used as the according to FIG. 5. The transistor as well as the control unit the work coil for driving the leaf spring oscillator are, as well as the amplitude stabilization arrangement, denoted by the same reference symbols as in FIG. 4. The output on the work coil 696 of the gear regulator is at the base of a Transistor 106. its operating point via two cons

: o stands 107 and 108 and a diode 109 is set. The diode is used again in the one already described Way of voltage and temperature compensation for the transistor 106. As long as the Mains voltage is present, receives the base of the latter transistor from the negative terminal of the Full-wave rectifier 102 has a high negative reverse voltage.

Another transistor 110 is connected in parallel with transistor 106 in such a way that the collector of one transistor and the emitter of the other transistor are connected to one another. D ^; The base of the transistor 110 is driven by the second secondary terminal 101 with AC voltage signals. The bases of two transistors 111 and 112 are connected to the output of this transistor. Their collectors are connected to one terminal of a synchronous motor 113. The bases of two further transistors 116 and 117, the collectors of which are connected to the other terminal of the synchronous motor 113, are each connected to the collector of the two transistors 111 and 112 via a resistor 114 and 115, respectively. The transistors 111, 112, 116 and 117 form a pole reverser.

The arrangement now operates as follows: the AC voltage is applied to the base of transistor 110 c from the secondary winding 101, and controls these strongly by so that arise at the output of this transistor, the emitter, the rectangular pulses which by controlling alternatively the two transistors 111 and 112 . If, for example, the transistor 112 is switched through by a positive switching pulse, the resistor 114 also controls the transistor 116 through the lowering potential at the collector of this transistor, so that the two terminals of the synchronous

>> motors 113 the full voltage of the battery 105 is present via the two switched transistors 112 and 116. If, however, the transistor 111 is durchgeschal solder. this also causes transistor 117 to be switched through via resistor 115. As a result, now

f "T more, but with a different polarity, also again the full voltage of the battery 105 at the terminals de? Synchronous motor is present. During this time, a negative blocking potential ir is present at the base of transistor 106 the way already described, which the Weiterga

'"> be the pulses generated by the regulator to the syn chronotor prevented.

If the mains voltage fails. so there disappears: blocking potential at the. Base of transistor 106. and dl «

Pulses of the gear regulator, which continues to run due to the battery voltage that still exists, are now amplified in transistor 106 , converted into square-wave pulses and now alternatively control the two transistors 111 and 112 in the manner described above.

The arrangement last described has compared to that of FIG. 3 the advantage of an even further discount by saving a battery and using a smaller transformer. In contrast stands the additional effort of the total

10

three transistors and two resistors, which, however, only marginally affect the overall effect of the savings lent influence.

Finally, it should also be noted that the above described Er Finding not only for use with synchronous time switches for tariff changeover with Nachtstron can be used, but that, for example, it can also be used in stepping mechanisms or the Vor

ίο a push of recording devices would be possible.

For this purpose 4 sheets of drawings

Claims (7)

Patent claims: 1. Time switch with a power reserve and a synchronous motor as a drive, whereby one Mains failure a battery-operated time-keeping arrangement (gear regulator), consisting of a self self-controlling oscillating electromechanical structures by means of electrical impulses Synchronous motor continues to drive for a limited time, a switching element being provided which with mains operation the generation of the pulses of the continuously running gear regulator for the synchronous motor prevents and wherein a converter is also provided, which the impulses of the gear regulator converted into suitable alternating pulses for driving the synchronous motor, characterized in that that the gear regulator (44; 70) an amplifier and pulse shaper stage (47; 78; 106), with the amplifier stage acting as an electronic sounder at the same time. that further an inductive coupling (39- ?. 396; 69a. 696) between the amplifier (47; 78; 106) and the drive circuit (II) of the gear regulator exists. that also from a known net / rectifier (32; 62; 102) at Netzbeincb to the electronic switch (47; 78; 106) this blocking potential is applied, which the switching of the regulator impulses to the amplifier or the nachgeordncien converter (52. 53; 87, 88; 111 to 117) prevents further from the Mains rectifier (32; 62; 102) charged battery provides power to the electronic components also takes over during mains operation, and that finally the supply of the mains alternating voltage? the output of the amplifier (47; 78; 106) and the downstream converter (52, 53; 87. 88: 111 to 117) takes place in such a way that at the input dos converter Both the mains voltage and, alternatively, the impulses from the gear regulator are present. 2. Time switch according to claim 1. that a charging device (31, 32; 61, 62; 100, 102) for the battery (35, 36; 63, 64; 105) is provided is which of the latter constantly supplies a charging current when the mains voltage is available and in a feed line from the rectifier to the battery a resistor (33; 65; 103) and a Contains diode (34; 66; 104). 3. Time switch according to claim 1, characterized in that that the converter for generating a current of alternating direction in the synchronous motor (58; 91) from a counter-tentacle arrangement ιvv ..> r transistors (52, 53; 87, 88), whose Collectors (emitters) at the two outer terminals of the series connection of two batteries (35, 36; §3, 64) and their emitters (collectors) are connected to one terminal of the synchronous motor, with the other terminal of the synchronous motor to the two inner terminals of the series sound system of the two batteries. 4. Time switch according to claim I, characterized in that that the converter for generating a current of alternating direction in the synchronous motor (113) consists of a pole reverser, the latter being constructed in such a way that one terminal of the * 5 Synchronous motor on the two collectors? In a first push-pull arrangement of two transistors (Ml. 112) and the other terminal of the synchronous motor on the two collectors of a second push-pull arrangement two transistors (116, 117), each of the two push-pull arrangements with the emitters of their transistors on the two battery terminals is that also the bases of the Transistors of the first push-pull stage from the mains voltage or the impulses of the gear regulator are controlled and that finally between the terminal lying on the first push-pull stage of the synchronous motor and the base of each transistor of the second push-pull stage a control resistor (114,115) is arranged. 5. Time switch according to one or more of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the AC voltage is applied to the terminals of the converter, so that the regulator also has an amplifier and pulse shaper stage (110) downstream whose output signals are also at the input terminals of the converter that an electronic switch (106) between the regulator and the amplifier and pulse shaper stage (110) is arranged. which from the mains voltage over a rectifier arrangement (102) is controlled in such a way that the electronic switch (106) is in the open state when the mains voltage is present, that also at the first output terminals of the converter is a DC voltage source (105), which via a charging arrangement (100, 102, 103, 104) is connected to the network and that finally from second output terminals of the converter the synchronous motor (113) is controlled. 6. Time switch according to claim 1, characterized in that that a two-pronged leaf spring is used as the regulator (44) is used in a tuning fork-like arrangement. which on each prong one or on One prong carries two small magnets (45, 46), one of which - when the leaf springs move - one into a stationary control coil (38) and the other into a stationary work coil with two windings (39.7. 39i>) is immersed, with the in the control coil The generated pulses are fed to the work coil via an amplifying element (transistor) (37). 7. Time switch according to claim 1, characterized in that that a leaf spring (70) clamped on one side is used as the gear regulator, which two carries small magnets (72, 73), one of which - when the leaf spring moves - one into a stationary one Control coil (68) and the other immersed in a stationary work coil with two windings (69; j, 69 /)), the pulses generated in the control coil can be fed to the work coil via an amplifying element (transistor) (67).