DE1912097C - Process for dyeing textile materials - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a method for dyeing textile materials,

In the known methods, either the textile materials to be dyed are in the in the dyeing machine The coloring liquid contained is moved or circulated, or the coloring liquid is kept at high temperature moved through the material or circulated. Due to this taking place during dyeing Movements and high temperatures warp textiles containing thermoplastic fibers Materials very often.

Even those textile materials that are relatively stable against high temperatures Fibers are made up, distorted by the movements that occur during dyeing, if the material is unsuitable Has pattern. Therefore, there has often been a decrease in value due to the dyeing process of the textile material observed.

In the case of steffen made, knitted or woven from bulk or draw yarn, as well as in loosely woven fabrics in which the yarns used are only loosely bonded to each other, There is easily a risk of stretching, warping and wrinkling of the material as well as a Reduction in bulkiness or stretchability due to the movements made during dyeing occurs. It can also have an undesirable and unsuitable feel and appearance result, as well as roving during the dyeing process through the movements carried out are flattened and thereby reduce the quality of the yarn in terms of grip.

Attempts have been made to remedy the aforementioned difficulties by, for example, not exerting any tension during the dyeing of the material or by correcting the warped material after dyeing by means of an aftertreatment. In the first attempt, however, the stirring of the dyeing liquid and the movement of the material must be reduced in order to prevent dimensional change and warping of the material, which however means that the desired leveling effect of the movements required for dyeing cannot be achieved. In the second experiment, it proved very difficult to completely / u correct the reduced stretchability and the warped material and remove at the surface of the material in the subsequent dyeing process to the final treatment resulting nodules and the Faserrlaum to.

In addition, the following procedure was proposed brought to prevent warping of the material during the dyeing process. One has a thermal fixation of the material before the dyeing process and a determination of the crossing points of the fibers by means of a solvent before the dyeing served to the original shape of the material to maintain during dyeing. However, this procedure was found to be unsatisfactory because the Material after dyeing had a coarse and rough handle; so it was not possible to find a desired one to achieve a soft grip.

In the well-known dyeing process, it was necessary to Add a chemical agent to the dye liquid to prevent the formation of stains and warping of the to prevent colored material. Besides, it took a long time to gradually add the staining liquid to be heated before dyeing and then gradually

On the other hand, the carrier dyeing process has the

Advantage on that no high temperatures and no

high pressure are required to suck up the

Accelerate dye through the material, however

s it is associated with the following disadvantages:

(1) During the dyeing process, the carrier is unstable, i.e. it tends to become immersed in the dyeing liquid clump together and at the liquid

to form oily droplets or tar on the surface, so that the carrier in this form cannot act as an accelerator and rather a dye, creates spots or impurities on the material;

(2) the way of using the carrier is complicated;

_a0 (3) during dyeing, the carrier generates toxic and malodorous fumes;

(4) The cost of this dyeing process is very high.

It has consequently been associated with considerable difficulties in selecting suitable dyes and carriers, since the carrier dyeing could only be limited to those carriers that were used during dyeing were relatively stable, and only those dyes were considered that did not have any undesirable effects exercised the carrier.

The known continuous dyeing processes, such as the thermosol process and the pad steaming process, have the following disadvantages:

(1) These methods can only be used with fibers that are suitable for this purpose;

(2) in particular if these procedures are under

high pressure, numerous problems arise from the technic! rrs ^r y .. .- ', n-nkt as seen in Hen devices the ivi ^ u rialein- and -auslasse must be sealed;

(3) the material is flattened through the inlet, outlet and guide rollers so that snuff products lose their commercial value;

(4) Dyestuff migration does not begin until predrying, which is an essential factor in these processes Constitutes part.

Taking into account the foregoing, the invention is based on the object create a method for dyeing textile materials en zi, which the aforementioned disadvantages of be known dyeing processes can be avoided, so in particular warping of the textile materials, such as au Bulky or stretched yarns produced fabrics, ver prevents and the dyeing process with a veresüertei Can perform efficiency.

This object is ge solves according to the invention that the textile material by means of an aqueous Solution of at least one such coating agent from the group of cellulose alkyl ethers and theirs

3 4

Derivative is coated, which is a QeJbildungstempe- It is only necessary to use the vegetable

temperature of at least 35 ⁰ C that the paint cellulose alkyl ether in water at a temperature

of the coated material by means of an aqueous one which normally does not form a gel

Dye liquid of a temperature not lower than dissolve. It is dissolved in water from 10 to 3O ⁰ C 'and in

this gelation temperature carried out and that the 5 form an aqueous solution of a concentration in

Material finally by means of an aqueous rinse of the order of magnitude between 0.2 and 50 «/ _Ä (on the

liquid of a temperature lower than this gel basis of the material weight) in a suitable manner,

Formation temperature for removing the coating such as padding, spraying, coating, dipping

by means of rinsing, the dye either od. The like., The material is added.

in the coating solution or in the dyeing liquid jo When coating the material with cellulose alkyl

is included. A dye and / or a carrier can preferably be added to the coating ether

medium and / or the dye liquid will be at least one and together with the cellulose alkyl ether

Carrier included. can of course also be used

For the treatment of cellulose acetate cloths, dyeing auxiliaries are added, such as, for example

the use of an alkaline solution 15 already became a dispersant and a pH control

proposed by hydroxyethyl cellulose. In the case of the means, both of which are also normally used in dyeing

Processes that have become known in this way will find their resolved use.

Hydroxyethyl cellulose coagulates on the fabric Cellulose alkyl ethers are both hydrophilic and hydrophilic

and regenerated, by treatment using also hydrophobic radicals and can be used as a kind

an alkaline, an acidic or a neutral ao surface-active agent. Since this

Has the property of a protective colloid by means of coagulant or by means of heating and

Air, infrared rays or steam. The hydroxy viscous is not only viscous towards water

Ethyl cellulose then forms a water-insoluble dye, but also against water-insoluble

layering of the fabric, the dyes and dye auxiliaries borrowed by means of a dye are very stable

is colored, which for such cellulose materials as After the material with Cellulose-Alkylättui

is common. This process, which has been peeled off in insubstantial form, will be in this state or after

changed form also for polyamide, polyester and drying in a hot, aqueous dye liquid

Polyacrylnitrylfasermaterialien brought in proposal speed given without the application of pressure. The p.m material

was said to be the dyeing properties of the mate- adhering and covering cellulose alkyl ethers

near improve and also an improved 30 gels at a temperature above 35 "C in the water and

Water absorption capacity of the base fabric, one forms a cover membrane on the surface of the

increased reactivity to agents working with material without the gel in the staining liquid

cellulosic hydroxyl groups react, and one is dissolved and separated, whereby it is achieved that

Loss of the fibers that make up the material, which are unpleasant for synthetic materials, are not relatively

Bring grip. 35 move towards each other. Thus the textile material

In contrast, according to the rial according to the invention during the dyeing process in its original method the treatment of the textile materials borrowed form. The cellulose alkyl ether he however, by means of the aqueous solution of a cellulose alkyl, some changes act accordingly ether or a derivative of this for the purpose of composition and type of the proposed at the same time, the material only during its use of dyeing auxiliaries.

coloring with a kind of protective cover or shoe ··. - '. ; rdtn dye and'or! > t, i. · Together with bran to surround which uiic ". '· _V - .; · .: i> h- Cellulose Ai' .. ylätlK * r used, ο -un -.virk: Jc (ViIu"■>'·' ■ "· ';''''" aerials prevented and loose-A'Vyläther as a carrier in «Ser formation jin, which after the dyeing is then removed again dye and the carrier on the surface de-, becomes. With this measure then gel membrane containing essentially 45 colored material,
achieved that a warping of the material is prevented. It is possible to use the material both in the underneath, which is particularly important for substances produced from bulking or stretching of the cellulose alkyl ether yarns, hot aqueous dyeing liquid - in tion is. in this case the temperature is then set to a value

The gelation temperature refers to this 50 brought above the gelation temperature - as well

Relation to the temperature at which an equal to a temperature above 35 ° C

/ To give 3 ° to hot aqueous dye liquor _o aqueous solution of cellulose alkyl ethers,

gelatinizing begins. The material immersed in the hot liquid

The cellulose alkyl used in accordance with the invention is produced under suitable conditions depending on the type of fiber of the material.

ethers and their derivatives are those in which the speaking coloring conditions are colored by the fact that

Cellulose derivatives carry the hydroxyl radical in the glucose residue to the material over a certain period of time

by a temperature sufficient to achieve a degree of etherification of 0.6 to 2.1 to fixation of the dye

have substituted pointing alkoxyradikai. The cellu- is held. This temperature can only be reached in

loose-alkyl ethers and their derivatives include cellulose or can be achieved during the immersion process

Methyl ether with a degree of etherification of 0.7 to 2.1, 60 brought to this value even before immersion

Cellulose ethyl ether of a degree of etherification.

0.6 to 2.1 and cellulose methyl ethyl ether of a After dyeing, the dyed material is in

degree of ethereality from 0.6 to 2.1 and, as their derivatives, water rinsed and soaped, the cellulose alkyl ether

Cellulose alkyl ethers. at which part of the gel membrane is dissolved by the cold water and

Alkyl radicals by a hydroxyalkyl radical, as with- 65 removed from the material surface,

for example Hydroxyiithyl, Hydroxypropyl and Hy- The inventive method can be on one

droxybutyl, is substituted. This cellulose alkyl ether reel dyeing machine, a paddle dyeing machine

are used independently or as a mixture. or carry out a jigger dyeing machine if dis-

work is carried out continuously, and in one Use the treatment bath connected to the block machine if you want to work continuously.

Textile materials to which processes according to the invention can be applied are natural fibers such as cotton, wool and silk, regenerated fibers such as rayon and kifpferoxydammonia silk, semi-synthetic fibers such as cellulose diacetate and cellulose triacetate. and synthetic fibers such as polyacrylonitrile, polyamides and polyester. All these fibers are easily warped in the conventional dyeing process, which takes place in a hot, humid atmosphere and at high temperatures.

The dyes can be appropriately selected from a variety of water-soluble and water-insoluble dyes according to the kind of fiber; as Carriers are the carriers normally used in dyeing, such as benzoic acid derivatives, salicylic ao acid derivatives. Ketones, phenol derivatives, ethers, halogen-containing compounds and phenylmethane derivatives.

The cellulose alkyl ethers not only exert the above-described effect, but also serve as Carriers for the dye and the carrier, when the dye or the carrier is used together with the cellulose alkyl ether, and thus enlarged the density of the dye or carrier on the fiber surface, so that its efficiency is increased, even if they differ in the liquid ratio; one third to one tenth of the amount of carrier used in the conventional carrier dyeing process is sufficient to achieve the same effect.

If a carrier is present in an aqueous liquid, the cellulose-alkyl ether membrane acts on the material as an absorbent means through which migration and diffusion of the carrier mv material is possible protects the liquid from oily or tcorigc suS'tar.'en arising from agglomeration and precipitation from the carrier, so that they do not adhere to the taaterlti.

As stated tirtis "o.'h ;,, can be a single 1" i.-bjn ^ Ji. A particular Flüisigkcitsieiiipt-, retur j achieve the wfthrend the entire color process is maintained. It entfallt also allmfth- High cooling dor Liquid after staining, the time of staining was considerably shortened.

This makes it possible to produce thin fabrics, finished yarns and knitted fabrics and textile products made therefrom from the aforementioned woven and knitted fabrics, in particular building products in StUokform, such as Cardigans, which are dyed according to the well-known process due to the dyeing process occurring warping of the material was easy to dye without difficulty.

The invention therefore has a very far-reaching economic significance, since it allows small series production as well as mass production and the production of a large number of products to be carried out efficiently.

The invention is described in more detail below with reference to exemplary embodiments. In the following, the percentage based on the weight of the fiber is referred to as "% _{/ 0 owf".}

Embodiment 1

One made from high bulk acrylic fiber yarn, consisting of a copolymer of 93 percent by weight acrylonitrile and 7 percent by weight vinyl acetate, knitted jersey was subjected to a bulking treatment.

The coating solution was thereby prepared that 3 percent by weight of cellulose ether of a gelling temperature of 48 ⁰ C and a Verätherungsgrades 1.64 to 2.03 and 1 weight percent Polyoxyäthylenalkylphenoläther as a wetting agent in a mixed solution of methanol and water at 2O ⁰ C in a mixing ratio of 6: 4 were solved. The loft jersey was padded with this coating solution and at a temperature of 8O ⁰ C in einti.i Τγομπκ ^! ί .. «.tu>'·«;;; trc.V i »t. The pre-dried material.! was in a hasp! irt of 4.5 uv *. rinn addition of 2 °, ' _o ο * ·' J. ^ ik «T | -b'au GL (rnrbmdex G», .., ^ blai »No. 54) uci legenden chemical Composition had:

N = CN = N-CH ₃

-N (C ₄ H ₉ J ₂

CH ₃ SO ₄

Dyeing of the jersey began at a temperature of 60 ° C, which gradually increased to 98 ° C and above a period of 60 minutes was maintained.

After gradual cooling of the hot liquid, the colored Jersey was rinsed in cold water at 20 ⁰ C and washed over a period of 30 minutes at a temperature of 4O ⁰ C in a 1 cc / 1 Polyoxyäthylenalkylphenoläther and 1 g / l sodium tripolyphosphate containing wash solution to remove the cellulose methyl ether as well as unfixed dye left on the surface of the jersey.

The now blue-dyed jersey hadn't worn off

warped, it had no creases and none Fibrous fluff, the stitches were arranged correctly, the surface of the jersey was plain beautiful, puffy appearance, its grip and elasticity were excellent.

The elongation of the dyed jersey in the longitudinal direction was only 3.8%. In comparison, it should be stated that a jersey not coated with cellulose methyl ether has an elongation of after dyeing 19.5 per cent in the longitudinal direction. It follows that a Jersey treated by the process of the invention retains its original shape and size.

1 Q 1 O Π Q 7

1 i ^ 1 b uui

7th Dyeing process Used
Carrier quantity During the
Coloring occurring
odor stability
of the carrier
in the bathroom 8th Color value
of the colored
Materials According to the invention
proceedings
For comparison
method used 2.4 ¹ VoOWf
3.0 ⁰ / _O owf no
strong smell
development Well
Emergence
more oily
Drops and
tarry substance Dye stains
on the dyed
material K / S *) '- 9.66
K / S - 9.50 none
Carrier spots
. and tar ver
impurities

·) According to Kubelka-Munk.

Embodiment 2

From the example 1
Bulky acrylic yarn became one
■ knitted jacket.

The coating solution was prepared by

that 1.5 weight percent cellulose methyl ether one

described degree of etherification from 1.64 to 2.03, 2.5 weight

Bulky knit percentage Astrazon Black WRL (color index basic

black No. 2)

(H ₅ C _a ) ₂ N -

OH

Cl-

and 5 percent by weight phenylpropionitrile as a carrier was dissolved in water. The Bausch sweater was immersed as held at a temperature of 40 ⁰ C treatment solution, and in a centrifuge at about 120 ° ⁰ O wf water withdrawn. By dissolving 0.2 g of acetic acid. The dyeing liquid was prepared 0.2 g of 1 sodium acetate and 10 g of crystalline Glauber's salt in water. In a Paddelfärbemaschine the sweater was dyed over a period of 30 minutes in which a temperature of 98 ⁰ C-containing dyeing liquid. After staining, the sweater was rinsed in cold water at 20 ⁰ C and washed at ⁴⁰ C, to remove the cellulose ether and the remaining on the surface of the sweater unlixierten dye.

The dye was almost completely applied by the material. The dyed cardigan showed one Even, deep black coloration without any spots of color.

The product produced by the process of the invention had excellent grip and beautiful appearance. no change in shape and no formation of pebbles or fluff was found, which can be attributed to the fact that the dyeing time is shortened and that too The coloring material was protected by the cellulose methyl ether gel layer.

Example 3

A tricot fabric was made from cellulose diacetate fiber manufactured. By dissolving 2 percent by weight of cellulose hydroxypropylmethylhor of a thickener from 1, KS to 2.12 and a liclbil Dung temperature of W) C. 0.5 <iwichtspro / ent cellos « tone colorfast pink FF3B (color index Dispers-Red No. 11) of the chemical composition

O NH,

-OH,

O NH ₈

and 3 weight percent emulsified diallyl phthalate

the protective solution was thus prepared in water. The tricot fabric was padded with this protection solution at 30 ^J C, and the water was removed in a similar manner to Embodiment 2. FIG. Immediately afterwards, the dehydrated tissue was

SS sent ously through a treatment bath of hot water at a temperature of 8O ⁰ C over a period of 7 minutes. After the treatment bath, the fabric was rinsed in cold water at 20 ° C. and washed at a temperature of 40 ° C. in a detergent solution of 1 cc / l P ^ lyuxyäthylenalkylphenoläther and 1 g'l sodium tripole phosphate. The finished tricot fabric showed a luminous color, its appearance was not influenced either by warping of the fabric or by impurities

6s due to tar substances arising from carrier and dye or impaired by the formation of dye or curriculum vapors. The opening process took place just a very short / citrulline to complete.

10964C7273

Claims (2)

Patent claims: 1. A method for dyeing textile materials, characterized in that the textile material by means of an aqueous solution of at least one such coating agent the group of cellulose alkyl ethers and their derivatives is coated, which has a gel formation temperature of at least 35 ° C that the dyeing of the coated material by means of a aqueous dyeing liquid at a temperature not lower than this gelation temperature and that the material is finally at a lower temperature by means of an aqueous rinsing liquid when this gelation temperature is rinsed to remove the coating agent, wherein the dye is contained either in the coating solution or in the coloring liquid 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the coating agent und'oder Coloring liquid contains at least one carrier.