DE1905084A1 - Thermal working device - Google Patents

Description

International Controls Corp., 88 Clinton Eoad, Pairfield,

l \ Tew Jersey, U.S.A.

Shermi's cne labor facility

The invention relates to a thermal working device.

Under thermal working devices are in particular understood such devices, _.with which a supplied thermal energy in mechanical work j 'especially in-' motion ii any actuators - is implemented. In this Etv / a are related to such thermal work devices known, which use the thermal expansion of a corresponding material, preferably then, from this Material a reversible expansion and contraction cycle having. Such a material "is for example \ 7axle, which expands when heated, so that uie movement, of an actuator, for example one "■. / Hurry, can be effected. '.

909833/01

ORIGINAL

The known thermal work s devices, however, have several disadvantages. So it is B. usual, the known To perform actuators only in a storage, so that the actuators to a wobble .- "during" movement; tend and thereby a reliable, exact. Longitudinal guide of the actuator is not achievable.

In addition, highly reliable seals during the heating and the associated 'extension period must "of the expansion material used Previously loading ■ -. W" knew seals tight "but which thermally expanding material lies not reliably if at the same time a reliable Movement of the actuator is to be effected.

Furthermore, it is not possible with the known devices to achieve a relatively large movement path "of the actuator with only a small degree of expansion of the expansion material.;:.

Finally, by means of the known working devices, through the movement of the actuating member, only an "* 'impact force, during-the heating of the expansion material" - .. "." ...,... Can be derived from the actuating member Working devices of the type described 'in such arrangements, v / o a tensile force would be desired, not possible ^.: '"." .-. "" .- ■■ -. "■ '■.":'

These disadvantages are eliminated by the invention. The_ according to the invention Working device is characterized. " that it comprises a solid hollow body which has a liquid-tight interior that is sealed against the atmosphere, in which a material is provided which is: ■ '■■■ expands when heated. In what is called the "interior" extends

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'■ "..... ζ ■' ..- '... ■■"■' ■ '■. - ^{; :} BAD ORfGlNAL

in the longitudinal direction an actuator with a work surface, which is acted upon by the "material that expands when heated. As a result," said actuating member moved with respect to the hollow body. In the hollow body guide means are provided. Which said Actuate include and guide fluid-tight during the movement of the latter, so when the work surface is acted upon by the expansion force during the expansion of the material in said interior space; The guide means comprise said actuating member at least at two guide points, which, in the longitudinal direction viewed along said actuating member, are arranged at a distance from one another, such that during movement of the actuating member a guide in more than one storage bej, "the actuating member takes place.

According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, has the solid hollow body has a pair of end walls and a side wall extending between said end walls, so that thereby an interior space is delimited. The mentioned End walls each have bores through which the actuating member passes. The holes mentioned of the walls then simultaneously form part of the aforementioned Guide means.

I ^ ach a further, expedient embodiment of the latter In the embodiment, the actuating member is in the form of a lengthwise skin, on with two ropes of different diameters, each given by the corresponding Pass through the holes. The mentioned wave parts different diameters of said actuator are coaxial and form within the already called inner space with each other a shoulder, which serves as a working surface * for the expanding expansion material. -

909833/0182

BATH ORIGINAL

The last-mentioned device can also be inventively / measure are expediently formed by the fact that within; ; of the end walls mentioned, dynamic sealing means are provided in each case * These are located in the! bores of the End walls and embrace the longitudinally extending actuator so that they, to the latter all the more be pressed harder when the interior is through the OiTick building up the expanding material increases «'-

The last-mentioned embodiment can be further developed in two ways in that the said dynamic sealing means are each also an elastic sealing ring © - around. grasp, which encompass and grasp the actuating element. ■■ The dynamic sealing means end in lip-shaped extensions, which are inwardly directed towards each other, whereby the lips are conical and have relatively sharp end edges which encompass the actuating member and grasp it directly »'

The invention is further expediently embodied in that the dynamic sealing means are arranged at the place of storage in correspondence with the interior, in such a way that they counteract the aforementioned Actätiglingsgiied with growing strength, pressed when the Ntxiigsmateriäl in the named interior caused pressure while the ÄufheizöpQiöde increases «'■ -..- ■»

Purposefully, said hollow body has a smoothed, ribbed outer surface on »

Yet another advantageous ^

Actuating member in turn the Grestält eini * gicih iZi iMfägS ^

riöhtting extending point to V the j edöe ^ z # e% see

the overlying "free end" has _# each

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Hollow body lie so that one of the la egg the ends to Actuation of a pulling force, and the other for actuation an impact or pressure force can be used during the movement of said actuating member. '

Finally, there is an expedient embodiment of the invention in that the actuator in turn has the shape of a longitudinally extending shaft, with coaxial parts of different diameters, whereby a shoulder at the meeting of the two parts in the interior of the "hollow body and thus a work surface for the expansion material ·, gasßhaff.en, wherein said shaft axially bores through its entire length. is.

By means of this thermal working device according to the invention can have a relatively large movement path of the actuator with only a small degree of expansion of the thermal expansion material can be achieved.

In addition, leadership becomes extremely reliable achieved for the actuating element, which prevents undesirable effects such as wobbling of the actuating element. will. : ".. ·

Furthermore, it is achieved by the invention in an advantageous manner that the interior space in which the expansion material is included, in particular during the movement of the actuator, is reliably sealed.

In particular, however, by the construction according to the invention achieves that the sealing becomes better, the more the pressure of the expanding material increases.

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19050S4

By means of the device according to the invention, a tensile force as well as a Bruolckraft _? odey even both types of forces can be derived simultaneously when moving the actuator. \,: '-.-,

By providing the appropriate means, the back and forth can -Her movement of the actuator also in a hotation movement transformed. · - / -.

As a thermal expansion material, for example-. '".. natural or synthetic wax can be used. Of course, instead of the wax, another, material that expands with the addition or removal of heat can be used if the expansion and contracting ■ tion cycle is reversible. Such a material would be, again for example, ethylene glycol. . , .-. ■ ... "■■

The invention is explained in more detail below with the aid of an exemplary embodiment shown in a drawing. The figure shows one. Longitudinal section through the central axis of the thermal work device. \ - \ ■■ _. "_ ■ . -:. - .-

In the drawing, the solid hollow body is To-. shown _: ■ -which consists of an isylindric side wall 12 and a pair of end walls 14 and. 16 consists of _: The end wall: 14 is in a. open end of the cylinder \ Z screwed w ^ obei a suitable seal ring 18 .isswischen at the juncture of the end wall 14 and the side wall 12 is disposed. ,.

In this way, an interior space ^ 20 is created through the hollow body 10 formed, which liquid doths from the outside atmosphere is completed and which is used to record a material 22 is suitable. This material consists, for example, of "

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a 'known suitable wax, and expands when heated aus.'In the Ausfülirungsbeispiel shown ■ is provided in the end wall 16 an air hole 24 which is used only during assembly of the Betätigungsvoxrichtung such that ^v air or a leak can HydraulikfliisBigkeit . .iTaoh the assembly, this air hole is two-way through a plug or the like ver. soles. Γ. ;. V., ''

An actuating element extending in the longitudinal direction : 26 extends through the interior 20 and has an ar-. beitsflache 28, which the expanding wax 22 is acted upon, in such a way that the actuating member 26 is locally displaced or moved. In the illustrated embodiment, the actuator 26 has the shape of a. located, longitudinally extending shaft having two (dents · 30 and 32 of unterödhiedlichem diameter, which at the locations of their _{meeting: t} within the interior space 20, as Arbeitsfläohe: forming serving shoulder 28th

Me end walls T4 and 16 have holes in the middle, through which that actuator 26 passes. The actuating member becomes liquid-tight in these bores guided in two bearings each, which, in the longitudinal direction viewed along the actuating member 26, spatially from one another are separated so that in this way a precise Longitudinal guidance of the actuator 26 is achieved * without that about a waokelii of the actuator can occur, since the guide does not eat limited to a single storage place.

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1905004

In order to reliably seal the actuating member 26 during its movement, dynamic sealing means 34 and 16 are located within the bores through which the actuating member 26 passes 36 arranged * These dynamic sealants 34 and 36 each comprise a pair of elastic Diohtglie- ^; "j of which the parts 30 and 32 different ·, ■ ;. Include diameter of the shaft 26 and take. Said elastic sealing rings 34 and 36 run inwardly into conical lips 38 and 40, which each have somewhat sharp, thin end edges which encompass the shaft 26. As a result of this construction, the flexible lips are then 38 and 40 with increasing force against .; '. The shaft 26 is pressed when the pressure of the expanding wax 22 increases, so that the pressure of the seal increases when the pressure of the expanding wax increases. Rings 34 and 3.6 are each encompassed at their 'outer ends by sealing rings 42 and AA , which on the other hand are arranged in recesses in the inner surfaces of the end walls 14 and 16. These sealing rings then together with the sealing ring 18 form three static seals of the Overall construction. '' ■ ·

The actuating member 26 extending in the longitudinal direction has a pair of opposite ends "46 and 48 outside the hollow body 10, so that the end 46 for use . can serve a tensile force, while the end 48 can serve to apply a compressive or impact force when the Wave 26 moved to the right, roughly in the through the stichpunkj dated line indicated position .. The movement will be how

already carried out, achieved by the expansion: of the wax 22, . - when this acts on the work surface 28. The end of 48 can be connected to elements of various kinds, which are to be controlled by a pressure force if the

. ' 909833/0182

The temperature within the wax 22 increases. In contrast . the end 46 can be connected to elements of various kinds which are to be subjected to a tensile force. when the temperature in wax 22 rises. In the illustrated embodiment, the longitudinal direction "he, extending shaft 26 provided with an axial bore 50, which penetrates the shaft "26 over its entire length wise can also be used in valve arrangements working with pressure compensation. ■

To heat the Yfeohs 22, for example due to a A pair of lead wires 52 and 54 are provided for a suitable thermostat controller or the like. These are connected to an electric Circuit of a suitable type connected, for example a control circuit with a suitable thermostat. The lines are then electrically connected to electrical conductive connection pieces 56 and 58, which, for example, consist of ' Made of brass or copper. These connectors are respectively attached to the ends of ladders that extend inside of insulating sleeves 60 and 62 extend, these insulating sleeves for example from üTylon or a similar one Made of plastic, and the holes through which the electrical connection from conductors 52 and 54 to the Connection pieces 56 and 58 are made liquid-tight close. As shown schematically in the drawing, a resistance heating wire 64 is within the interior Cavity 20 of the hollow body 10 is provided, which is connected to the connecting pieces 56 and 58, whereby when applied an electrical power the 'Waohs 22 can be heated. The supply of electrical power can for example Caused by a thermostat control or the like, which closes the heating circuit between the conductors 52 and 54.

909833/0182

Of course, however, auoli can also be used as a different kind of tone / Hei », -; tion can be provided, for example in the form of a circu- '^; lant, heated liquid: or in the form of induction heating. On the outer surface of the end wall 14 · _f 'which acts as a sealing cap for the arrangement, a recess 66 is provided which is filled with an epoxy resin or other insulating compound. The end wall 16 has an extension 68 with an external thread, whereby the entire arrangement can be mounted in a pin bore, a suitable support structure.

By the description of the embodiment is made again clearly _see the advantages are achievable by the invention of größter.Bedeutung "The 'inventive work s = device is particularly easy to manufacture and assemble, it can ize 6-ultra-low made advertising = the ? and it is also very cheap to manufacture. Due to the special construction of the actuating member 26 _f, according to which the actuating member has the annular working surface 28, it is achieved that even with a relatively small degree of expansion of the wax 22, a relatively. large movement of the actuator 26 results. Furthermore, it is achieved that the actuating member: cannot wobble, since the V / eile 26 is guided in the two end walls 14 and 16, which results in an extremely precise axial guidance. The dynamic seals 34 and 36 result in a highly reliable seal for the moving shaft, the seal acting on the shaft with greater sealing force the more the pressure of the expanding wax 22 increases. Furthermore, either the shaft end 46 or the shaft end 48, or both ₉ , can be used to exert either a tensile force, a pushing force or a compressive force, or both types of forces at the same time. The device according to the invention is therefore _: of the greatest flexibility with regard to its possible applications. -. -

909833/0182

If .the thermal working device according to the invention only so "is used that only one end of the shaft 26 to Artide performance is used, then the other can The end of the wave functions, for example, with an electric Grinding member or other suitable electrical or mechanical location sensors, where the wiper member or .the sensors then serve can that the thermal working device according to the invention within a servo 'control device is usable.

The hollow body 10 of the actuating device has a smooth outer surface and does not require the required movement of the shaft 26 which can be achieved even through relatively small temperature changes within the wax. But wenn.auch first cooling fins on the hollow body 10 is not required Bind, so can the particular case that a greater heat dissipation is necessary, or cause other technical considerations for use of cooling fins, advertising, of course, provided _such: 'the .. Also, Alternatively or additionally, the shaft 26 could also be provided with cooling fins to improve the dissipation of heat.

Known spring and stop devices can interact with the shaft 26, the latter then being pushed back to a predetermined starting position, for example into a position corresponding to the drawn line. Such a FMer-.unü stopping device is not shown in the figure; '.'■;'":: - ■ ·.

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- 12 - '■■: -. · .- ■'. ·.

As already mentioned, the working device according to the invention can also be used when devices are to be operated in which a rotational movement instead of a reciprocating movement is desired. Accordingly, the scope of the invention also encompasses those means that are related to the inventive thermal. Working device on or built into this, which the reciprocating movement of the actuator convert it into a rotational movement. '·, *

- Patent claims -

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Claims (1)

- i3 - P a.t eni an s ρ r ü.c he / 1 ./Thermal working device, characterized in that that it comprises a 'solid hollow body (10), the one 'Sealed liquid-tight against the atmosphere ~~ Has interior space (20) in which a material (22.) is provided which expands when heated, and that in said interior space (20,) in the longitudinal direction there is an actuating member (26) with a work surface (28) which extends from which when heated expansive'Material (22) is acted upon, whereby then said actuating member (26) is moved with respect to the hollow body (10) that continues-in the Hollow body (10) guide means (34, 36, 38, 4-0) are provided, which said actuating member (26) include and liquid-tight guide during the movement of the latter (26), so when the work surface (28) during the expansion of the material (22) in said interior space (20). acted upon by the expansion force, will-j and that. finally the guide means (34, 36, 38, 40) said actuator (26) at least ■ at two guide points that, along the length seen the said actuator (26) removed ■ are arranged from each other, include, such that during the movement of the actuator (26) a glowing ; tion in more than one storage in the actuator '(26) takes place. . ■, ■ '. 909833/0 182 - 14 - "/ Λ. ■■■ - ■■■ - : ^ ■ 2, working device according to claim -. "T, characterized in - · net that the. solid hollow body (10) has a pair of end walls (14, ■■. ".-. 1 6) and a side wall (12) which extends'between" said end walls (14, 16) , so that .. thereby delimiting an interior space (20), and said end walls (.14, 16). each have holes. sen through which the actuator (26) passes, said bores of the end walls (14, ■ 16) at the same time part of the named. Lühruhgsmittel ■ form. - '. "■■"'"-.' - '"- 3 · Working device according to claim 2, characterized in that it is marked net j that the actuator (26) has the shape of a itself having in length extending shaft with two parts (30, 32) of different diameters, each through the corresponding bores pass through, and said shaft parts (30, 32) of different diameters of said actuating member (26) are coaxial and within the already mentioned interior space (20) - together form a shoulder (28), which is used as a working ' serves area for the expanding expansion material. 4. Working device according to claim 3, characterized in that that within said end walls (14, 16) each ' dynamic sealing means (34, 36) are provided, wel-. before are arranged in the bores of the end walls and that actuating member (26) extending in the longitudinal direction ■ reach around in such a way that they are all the more strongly attached to the latter be pressed when the pressure in the interior increases due to the expanding material (22). 909833/0 1B2 5. Work arrangement according to. Claim 4, characterized in that that said, dynamic sealing means (34, 36) each also comprise .elastic sealing rings (42, 44), which grip around the actuator (26) and grasp, the dynamic sealing means in lip-shaped Extensions (38, 40) end which are inwardly directed towards each other, with the lips conical, are formed and have relatively sharp end edges. have which encompass the actuator (26) and detect it directly. 6. Working device according to claim 1, characterized by that the dynamic sealing means 34,36) respectively are arranged at the place of storage in correspondence with the interior space (20) in such a way that they oppose the aforesaid Actuating member (26) are pressed with increasing force when the by the expansion material (22) in the mentioned Internal space (20 ") caused pressure during the heating period grows. 7. Working device according to claim 1, characterized in that said hollow body (10) has a smooth, ribless having outer surface (12). 8. Working device according to claim 1, characterized in that the actuating member (26), in turn, the shape has a longitudinally extending shaft which, however, has two opposite free ends (46,48) has, which are each outside of the hollow body (10), so that one of the two ends (46) for actuation a pulling force, and the other (48) for actuating a Impact or pressure force during the movement of the aforementioned Actuator (26) can be used. 9098 33/0 182 BATH ORIGINAL 9. Working device according to claim 8, characterized. -Net, that the actuating member (26) in turn has the shape of a shaft extending in the longitudinal direction, with coaxial parts (30, 32) of different diameters, whereby one at the meeting of the two parts Shoulder (28) in the interior of the hollow body (20) and thus creating a working surface for the expansion material, but with said shaft (26) axially is pierced over its entire length (50). January 30, 1969/425 909833/0 182