DE1810869A1 - Control for units of the wandering longwall mining - Google Patents

Description

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Frelligrathltraee 19 η I ■ I BUBk Eltenacher StraB · Potifachi «uipit'ing ·« · n. Banr »« t · * »» ». Beui«

• al-Artw. Harrmann-Tr.nlapohl DIPI. - P Il V1. EdUBΓ <J B · tZI · Γ Ferntpredier: 398011

Telephone: 509 30 ~ * 39M12

⁵¹⁵⁶² Dlpl.-Ing. W. Herrmann-Tr «nt« pohl '"« »

Telegrammanidultt: datcmtaijwKitc Telegrammantdirlf » Bahrpatente Harn · PATtNIANWALIt Babetzpat Munich Telex 08 22? 8SI Telex 05 245 <2

Γ "I bank accounts:

Bayritche Vereintbank Munich 952287 Dretdner Bank AG Herne 202 4M Postal checking account Dortmund 558 M

1 ft Ί Ω ft RQ Drndner Bank AG Herne 202 4M

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Please indicate in the answer Please send to:

Herne

Nov 25, 1968

Mining Association GmbH, 43 Essen - Kray, Frillendorfer Str. 351

"Control for units of mobile longwall mining"

The invention relates to a controller for units of the wandering Longwall construction, the stamps of which are held in their desired position with the help of straightening devices, with for Control of the straightening cylinder pendulum switches assigned to the expansion are provided, on which the setpoint of the punch is adjustable.

Such controls are based on the action of a pendulum suspended from a stamp of the expansion unit, which only works in can swing out of a plane and therefore reproduces the direction of the perpendicular in this plane. The one indicated by the pendulum Direction includes a certain angle with the punch axis, which represents the instantaneous value of a controlled variable, its The nominal value is the position specified for the stamp, usually the bank-correct stamp position. The controlled variable belongs to one Controller in which the pendulum switch, the measuring device and one or more rectifying devices, the actuators for influencing

000823/1040 ~ ² ~

form the flow of the level variable

Such controls allow <σ to maintain the position of the punch axis regardless of disturbance variables, so that the punch in all ^ ii operating phases: »] n I: i3 maximum fragility € firfcwieT"! ¹¹ η J ^T mn,

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The invention is to avoid the technical problem, eiiae how initially stated to train aiisgelbiläete control in such a way that the setpoint of the pendulum switch used in it automatically according to the respective strut case in the area, the "concerned Expansion unit is discontinued »

According to the invention, this airflow is solved by. a guide pendulum holder with a strut trap

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measuring plumb bob and one oscillating synchronously with the plumb bob Switching element for adjustment «no switching element, the corresponding its respective setting a signal channel from a plurality of signal channels with a source for a control medium is hostile in order to provide control signals for adjusting the setpoint adjuster of one or more of the to generate the pendulum switch assigned to the expansion.

In the control according to the invention, a qualitative signal is generated by the control pendulum switch, which indicates the setpoints one or more expansion pendulum switches automatically adjusts according to the existing strut case. Based on it on the one hand, due to the discontinuation of the previously required for setting the setpoint adjuster on the expansion pendulum switches Operators occurring hationalization effect, but on the other hand also the increase in the accuracy of the Setpoint setting as well as the reaction speed of the control with which it reacts to the change of incidence can. This results in a significant improvement in security, because the stamp of the expansion units adapt immediately to the changed geological conditions and thereby always develop their maximum load-bearing capacity.

In general, it is sufficient that the pendulum switch is attached to a carrier laid on the floor, which can reproduce an average value of the dip in the conveying direction with sufficient accuracy. With this carrier it can be a section of the face conveyor, the length of which is determined by the distance from the guide pendulum holder controlled expansion pendulum switch is given.

The adjustment of the switching element is expediently carried out with the aid of signals consisting of impulses from a pressure medium, again mainly compressed air into consideration

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comes.

For this purpose it is provided that the miter pendulum switch a switching element in a switch housing that is moved synchronously with the solder and that is constantly under the pressure of a Control medium stands, shuttles in front of two signal openings and thereby the passage of control medium through one or the other other of the signal openings releases in order to thereby control signals for a drive according to the deviations measured by the Iiot to generate the strut falling or to block both signal openings, with the drive for adjustment of the switching element is used.

This drive consists expediently of a push piston gear for pivoting the! Ülirungspendelechaltergehäuses, in which case the switching element is built into the pivot axis of this housing.

The switching element can consist of a hollow shaft with several um spacings There are hadial bores arranged offset on its circumference, with signal channels leading to the setpoint adjusters are connectedf the hollow shaft surrounds a rigid Spigot, the supply bores that come into effect individually for each radial bore of the hollow shaft, with all supply bores are connected to the pressure medium source.

To take shape in the advantages of an aid control medium It recommends using a pressure medium, especially in the form of the usual compressed air, for the entire control system itself, the pendulum switch associated with the expansion, as is known per se, with a constantly under the pressure of a control medium to provide standing switch housing, in the synchronous with the pendulum switch solder a switching element in front of two Signalöfframgspaaren commutes and thereby the passage of tax

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medium releases through one or the other of the signal channels to thus control signals for the straightening cylinder accordingly to generate the control deviations measured by the plumb bob or both signal channels if they match the target value To block controlled variable. Sas requires a special setpoint adjuster on the extension pendulum brackets. This Setpoint adjuster basically consists of a plurality of pairs of signal openings, each paired with one of the Signal channels are connected, the openings of several signal channels combined in pairs of the height and / or the Side after are arranged offset with respect to the switching element.

In general, the signals have to be amplified because the straightening devices usually consist of straightening cylinders, which are subjected to high pressure. The signals have so far been amplified in principle with the aid of membrane amplifiers or diaphragm piston motors. Then it must be ensured that the amplifiers are not suddenly depressurized, if the guide pendulum switch brings about a change in the setpoint adjuster of the extension pendulum switch.

This is achieved in that the parts of the located behind the control by the switching element of the expansion pendulum switch Signal channels are provided with check valves that close automatically in the direction of the switching element and that In addition, the spaces behind the check valves are connected to the atmosphere via throttles.

The details of the invention are explained with reference to the drawings;

show it

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Fig, 1 a guide pendulum switch according to the invention with associated dm laid on the longwall girder in view,

FIG. 2 shows a side view of the object according to FIG. 1, FIG. 5 shows a rear view of the object according to FIG. PIg ₀ 1 »

EIg, 4 Ia of Hg ₈ 1 corresponding representation schematically the Pühx ^L '{o: «. Gapendelschalter" when there is a change in the collapse of the face,

! ig. 5 schematically the switching element, the subsequent ones Signal channels and one attached to a pit stamp! He receives an expansion pendulum,

Fig. 6 is a section through the target value elas part of the AuaTaupenäelsckalters according to the May Uf of the flg. 5

EIg. 7 five steps through the switching element according to EIg. 5 according to the respectively indicated cutting lines of the EIg. 5 and

8 schematically shows a circuit diagram for reproducing a Regulator, Ib, to which a pendulum switch is the measuring device for the controlled variable and a hydraulic thrust piston gear, the actuator for influencing the Megel variable form.

For a better understanding of the invention, it is first necessary to to explain the principle of the Hegler according to EIg, 8, which is not the subject of the invention in itself, but in the various pendulum switches] !, the control system according to the invention used in the manner to be described later

0Ö9823 / 1CKÖ " ⁷ "

The regulator works with a pressurized control medium that is available from the one in the pit Compressed air is formed · The compressed air first passes from the supply line 130 into a pressure reducing valve 131. There is it is brought to such a low pressure that it is connected via two feed lines 101 and 102 can be continuously fed to a switch housing 133. As a result, there is constant flow from two supply ducts 134 and 135 Compressed air off. This compressed control air reaches an interior 103 of the switch housing 133

A solder (not shown), which consists of a mass and a flat switching element, moves in this switch housing 136 is connected. This switching element can be seen in Pig. 8 indicated arrows in sync with commute to the bulk of the plumb bob.

Compared to the supply channels 135 bsw. 134 are located, starting from room 103 »drainage ducts 138 and 139» from which readings 104 and 105 take off. In addition, the interior has 103 of the Sehaltgehäuses 133 still a constantly venting Hole 140. "

The two leads 104 and 105 each end at an amplifier 141t to amplify the incoming signals. These Amplifiers have a diaphragm piston which actuates a two-way valve 106 via a rod. The valve is with a Spring 142 is biased into the position shown in FIG. In its position 106b it blocks the line 130a or 130b.

In the position 106a of the valve, back pressure air can be extracted from the

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Line 130a to a servomotor 115 in the form of an actuating cylinder get in turn actuated a three-way valve 108, so that hydraulic medium from a line in position 108a of the two-way valve to the piston ring chamber 107a or to the piston chamber 107b or in position 108b from the above Room can reach the storage tank 151 via lines 152 and 153, respectively.

When the solder swings out, the switching element 136 controls the connection between the inlet and outlet channels 134 and 138, causing compressed air from line 132 to enter the line 104 can reach the amplifier 141 shown on the left. As a result, the diaphragm of the amplifier 141 is deflected and establishes the position 106a of the two-way valve 106. The servomotor 115 receives pressure from the line 130a and is adjusted thereby the two-way slide 108 in the position 108a, see above that from the line 150 hydraulic medium can get into the piston rod annulus 107a of the actuating cylinder.

Since at the same time the two-way valve 108 in the right part of the illustration according to FIG. 8 remains in the position 108b, Pressure medium can pass from the piston chamber 107b to the tank 151.

Under these circumstances, the piston rod 123 moves into the actuating cylinder 121. Extending the piston rod 123 The reverse deflection of the switching element 136 from the actuating cylinder 121 is a prerequisite.

The control according to the invention now has a guide pendulum switch 1, which basically works according to the principle explained above with reference to FIG. 8, so that in the

FIGS. 1 to 7 correspond in so far to FIG. 8 Control members are either omitted or indicated schematically.

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The guide pendulum switch is located on a bearing 3 laid on the face, e.g. on a conveyor trough. A fastening rod 2 is firmly attached to this. A bracket 4 is attached to the fastening rod 2, the cranked end of which serves as an abutment for the pivotable fastening of a cylinder 5. The cylinder serves as a Drive for adjusting a holding element, which will be explained in more detail below.

The piston rod 6 of the cylinder is connected to the switch housing, which corresponds to the housing 133 of FIG. This The switch housing can move around an axis shown at 7 when the piston rod 6 is retracted or extended from the cylinder 5 be pivoted.

If one assumes that the face conveyor is shifted in the bottom in FIGS. 1 to 3, then those indicated by the perpendicular 8a fall Plumb direction L and the normal to the plane of the face conveyor 3 or the lying together. In Figure 4 are the changes shown, which result when the strut collapses at the angle ei.

Before the state according to FIG. 4 is reached, the pendulum 8a first moves out of its central position shown in FIG. The pendulum 8a thus also swivels the switching element 136 ', so that the amplifier 141', which corresponds to the amplifier 141 shown on the left in FIG. 8, is actuated. In contrast, remains the amplifier 141 "unaffected, which corresponds to the amplifier 141. As a result, shown to the right in Figure 8 now pressure medium passes via line 152 'in the tree 107a * of the cylinder 5, while the tree 107b ¹ through the line 153' is relieved of the pressure of the pressure medium.

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AO

The piston rod 6 moves into the cylinder 5, the the switch housing 1, which corresponds to the housing 133, is adjusted so that that the central axis S of the housing 1 coincides with the perpendicular L and consequently with the axis A the Angle ^ includes.

You central axis S of the holder housing 1 falls at the beginning a pivoting of the conveying means 3 as a result of a change in the inclination by the angle «* with the axis A together, i.e. the switch housing initially follows the movement of the carrier 2. As a result of the control by the However, element 136 * becomes switch housing 1 and thus whose axis S is adjusted in the perpendicular direction.

On the Eüokseite of the in Figure 5 in an enlarged scale but broken off so holder housing 1 is located a hollow shaft 1 · »which is connected to the rear wall of the switch housing 8 is made in one piece · The hollow shaft rotates during the pivoting of the switch housing 1 under the influence of the drive from the cylinder 5 with its piston rod 6 is formed around the axis of the fixed shaft 7 and thus around the shaft extension 10, which is integral with the shaft 7 is formed and which surrounds the hollow shaft. The shaft extension 10 has a bore 11, di® with compressed air of substantially constant pressure is applied. The compressed air is in a hanging groove 13 is supplied.

There are hadial bores at certain axial distances on the shaft 10 H to 18 arranged, which of the axial bore 11 and push through the shaft extension 10. In the same Radial planes like the bores 14 bie 1Θ are bores in the hollow shaft 1, which are provided with connections 19 to 23

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The arrangement described from the hollow shaft 1 'and the Shaft attachment 10 with the bores and connections forms a switching element · This switching element in the guide pendulum switch is adjusted according to the above explanations by the switching element 136 * oscillating synchronously with the perpendicular 84. His the respective position is measured digitally at connections 19 to 23

The five individual lines shown in FIG. 5 are connected to the connections 19 to 23, some of them in a cable 24 The following are summarized: The cable 24 leads to several pendulum brackets assigned to the expansion (not shown). One this pendulum switch is shown on the left in FIG. being Switch housing 133 ″ is firmly attached to a hydraulic pit ram indicated at 29. As a result, leads each pivoting of the plunger 29 to a corresponding pivoting of the switch housing 133 "·

In the switch housing 133 ″, the mass 30 of a solder is oscillating on which there is a flat switching element 136 ″. As a result, the mass 136 * oscillates synchronously with the Mass 30 of the solder.

The pneumatic cable summarizing the individual veins has outlets 26 for the pendulum switch on the punch 29. The Pendulum holder housing 133 "accordingly has connections 19 * - 23 '· As Figure 7 shows, the hadial bore 16 is aligned with the Hole in the hollow shaft which carries the connection 21. As a result, compressed air from the compressed air duct 12 into the The wire of the cable 24 connected to the connection 21 is present and is therefore also connected to the connection 21 '. In contrast, ports 19 ', 20 * and 22 * as well as 23' do not have a pressure signal.

From the connections 19 * - 23 * lead ducts 19a - 23a

- 12 -

009823/1040

BAO ORIGINAL

from which you can see are located in the wall of the housing 133 "". The channel 21a, which contains a pressure signal in the assumed situation, can be seen in FIG. The channel branches into two supply ducts 21b and 21c, which like supply ducts 134 and 135 in FIG. 8 into the interior 103 'of the housing 133 "open. The supply channels 21c correspond the supply channels 19c, 20c, 22c and 23c, while the supply channels 21b, the supply channels 19b, 20b, 22b and 23b correspond.

The supply signal channels 19c-23c and 19b-23b, respectively so in pairs with the signal channels 19a - "23a and therefore also with the wires of the Katoelabganges 26 and the pneumatic cable 24 connected «, the openings combined in pairs Signal channels are vertically and laterally in relation to the switching element 136 "or the central axis S of the Switch housing 133 "arranged offset.

This arrangement measures the setpoint adjuster of the expansion pendulum switch on the punch 29 In the situation shown, the supply ducts 21c and 21b determine this target position of the stamp 29. The actuating principle of the supply ducts 21b and 21c as well as the discharge ducts 21d and 21e corresponds to the principle of the supply ducts 134 and 135 and the discharge channels 138 and 139 of figure 8, so that the downstream control elements and the thrust piston gear need not be shown, which alter the position of the stamp 29 _β

As soon as the switch housing 1 of the lührungspendelschalters "with a change of the angle ^. Again / the shaft 10 ge · = drelat, Z ₉ B, the bore 15 can be aligned with the radial bore, wich carries the connection 20 _β This causes the supply channels 20b and 2Oe with the associated derivation

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channels 2Od or 2Oe with pressure signals "acted upon, so that now these pressure diversion channels determine the target position. As a result, the punch 29 pivots until the Switching element 136 "in the correct position between the Inlet and outlet channels according to the one explained with reference to Pigur 8 Principle is located.

All drainage channels 19d-23d, which correspond to the drainage channels 138, 139 and therefore become an amplifier 141a carry check valves 33a, which lead towards on the space 103 'of the housing 133 "and thus in the direction of the switching element 136 "close.

The drainage channels 21e, each of which is the drainage channel 138 in Ligur 8, lead to an amplifier 141b and in turn carry corresponding check valves 33b.

Upstream of the amplifiers 141a and 141b, however, pressure chambers 32a and 32b are connected, which via throttle bores 34a and 34b vent into the atmosphere.

As a result, the amplifiers 141a and 141b are secured in such a way that the compressed air is released when one of the amplifiers is pressurized cannot escape from the other amplifier. At the same time, however, after a time determined by the throttles relieves the amplifier.

The control described above assumes that the stamps 29 must always be placed in bank law. For this purpose, the setpoint value on all expansion pendulum switches is set via the guide pendulum switch according to the mean inclination of the conveyor belts. This adjustment takes place automatically, ie without V-ingi L. "f an operator as soon as

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1810863

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calibrate the conveyor chute to the respective angle of incidence β ** has set «, as a result, the punches develop 29 its maximum output resistance in all operating phases.

Patent claims:

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Claims (8)

Ai patent claims 1. Control for units of the wandering longwall mining whose stamps are held in their desired position with the help of straightening devices, with pendulum switches assigned to the expansion being provided for controlling the straightening cylinder, on which the nominal value of the stamp can be set, characterized by a guide pendulum switch (1) with a plumb line (8a) measuring the strut trap and a switching element (136 ¹ ) oscillating synchronously with the plumb bob for adjusting a switching ^{element (1 f} , 10) which, according to its respective setting, has a signal channel (19-23) of a plurality of signal channels with a source (12) connects for control medium in order to generate control signals for adjusting the setpoint adjuster (19 ¹ - 23 *) of one or more of the pendulum switches (131 ") assigned to the extension (29). 2. Control according to claim 1 characterized marked that the contact pendulum switch on a is attached to domed bracing laid beam (3). 3. Control according to claim 2, characterized in that the laid on the face ! Carrier is a stationary part of the length of the face conveyor, which corresponds to that of the extension in which the Extension pendulum switches are those of the relevant guide pendulum charter being controlled. 4. Controller according to claim 1 and at least one of the following claims, characterized in that that the switching element moved synchronously with the solder in a switch housing that is constantly under the pressure of a 009823/1040 - 16 - Control medium stands, shuttles in front of two signal openings and thus the passage of control medium through one or other of the signal openings releases in order to thereby control signals for a drive (5, 6) to generate according to the deviations of the strut falling measured from the perpendicular, or both To block signal openings, the drive being used to adjust the switching element. 5 »Control according to claims 1 to 3» thereby characterized in that the drive consists of a thrust piston gear for pivoting the guide pendulum switch housing (1) and that the switching element is built into the pivot axis (7) of this housing. 6. Control according to claims 1 to 4 »characterized in that the switching element consists of a hollow shaft (1 ¹ ) with a plurality of radial bores offset by spacings, which are connected to the signal channels leading to the setpoint adjusters (19-23), and that the hollow shaft surrounds a rigid pin (10) which has feed bores (14-18) which are connected to the pressure medium source and which overlap each of the radial bores 7. Control according to claim 1 and one or more of the following claims, in which the pendulum switch is assigned to the expansion are that a constantly under the pressure of a control medium have standing switch housing, in which, synchronously with the pendulum switch solder, a switching element in front of two Signal openings oscillate and thereby the passage of control medium releases through one or the other of the signal openings in order to generate steep signals for the straightening cylinder of the Expansion according to the control deviations measured by the plumb line to generate or both signal openings 009823/1040 blocks when the controlled variable coincides with the target value, a target value adjuster being provided, characterized in that the target value adjuster consists of a plurality of inlet and outlet channels (19b-23b; 19c-23c; 19d-23d; 19e-23e;), of which the openings that feed the control medium each one of the signal channels (19a-23a) and the openings each of a pair of inlet and outlet channels vertically and / or laterally in relation to the switching element (136 ") are staggered. 8. Control according to claim 5, characterized in that the behind the control by the switching element (136 ") of the expansion pendulum switch (133") lying part of the discharge suitable channels (19d-23d; 19e-23e) are provided with non-return valves (33a, 33b) which operate automatically in the direction of the switching element (136 ") close and that the spaces (132a, 132b) behind the check valves via throttles (34a, 34b) with the atmosphere are connected. 009823/1040