DE1779425C3 - Device for vulcanizing a vulcanizable rubber or for crosslinking a crosslinkable plastic coating of an electrical cable - Google Patents

Description

will lead. Cooling water B surrounds the cable W in the lower part of the crosslinking chamber T, and the water level is controlled by means of an adjusting device 5. Seals P ₁ and F are provided at the inlet and outlet ends of the crosslinking chamber T.

Compared to the usual design of the crosslinking chamber T according to FIG. 1, various embodiments according to the invention are described in detail below.

In Fig. 2 a vertically standing crosslinking device is shown. The device has a feed device 1 for a covered with vulcanizable rubber or crosslinkable plastic Cable, a crosslinking tube 2 for crosslinking the coating, a winder 3 for the finished one Cable, a deflection pulley 4, which leads up the unfinished cable, a row of protective tubes S for the unfinished cable, a cable lifter wheel drive 6, a deflection ao disk 7 for guiding the finished cable to the winding device 3, a measuring device 8 for the finished cable and a caterpillar take-off 9 for the finished cable. The crosslinking tube 2 has a radiation heating zone 21, which as the insertion part of the crosslinking tube 2 is arranged adjacent, a cooling zone 23 at the outlet end of the crosslinking tube 2 and an intermediate pre-cooling zone 22.

The radiant heating zone 21 is provided with one or more stages of radiant heating devices provided, which can be, for example, infrared radiation devices.

In the radiant heating zone 21 and the pre-cooling zone 22, an inert gas, for example nitrogen or carbon dioxide, is enclosed under a pressure of more than 1 kp / cm * and preferably in the range of 3 to 8 kp / cm ² for the purpose of oxidizing the coating To prevent cable, which may be, for example, polyethylene butyl rubber or ethylene propylene rubber, and for the purpose of suppressing the foaming effect due to the gas generated at the time of crosslinking of the coating. This inert gas can be allowed to circulate in the pre-cooling zone 22, so that the +5 pre-cooling effect is thereby increased. It enters through an inlet opening 21a and exits through an outlet opening 21b .

In the cooling zone 23, water is usually used untei a pressure corresponding to the pressure of the inert gas and the cooling water is introduced through a Eintrittsöffnung23a at the lower end of the cooling zone 23 and from an outlet port 23 of the cooling zone 23 b discharged at the top. A liquid level indicator 25 is provided on the outside of the pipe wall for the purpose of controlling the cooling water level, and seals 24a and 24 & are provided at the top and bottom of the crosslinking pipe 2, respectively.

With this arrangement, the cable passing through the crosslinking pipe 2 becomes in the atmosphere of the inert gas is heated, and the rubber or plastic coating is crosslinked. While the crosslinking of the coating in a conventional steam heating chamber is practically at about 200 ° C is carried out, the heating temperature in the radiation heating zone 21 can be independent can be increased by the pressure of the inert gas, and for this reason the coating can even be at a temperature of 350 ° C, at which it is almost decomposed. In this way can reduce the crosslinking speed of the coating and thus also the feed rate of the cable can be increased considerably.

The reason that the pre-cooling zone 22 is between the radiant heating zone 21 and the cooling zone 23 is arranged, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 6 is reproduced in the following facts. When is allowed that the coated cable, which in the radiation heating zone 21 at high temperature is heated, is brought directly into the cooling zone 23 is not only by the heat of the cable the cooling water located therein is heated, but the steam generated in the cooling zone 23 enters the Radiation heating zone 21, whereby the heating efficiency is reduced and condensation or dew is generated around the heating wires, after which the energy source is interrupted, which inevitably leads to a failure of the heating device. The pre-cooling zone 22 is provided in order to avoid the disadvantages described above, and that emerging from the radiant heating zone 21 Cable is immediately passed through pre-cooling zone 22 to be cooled to some extent, and it is only then fed into the cooling zone 23.

When comparing the crosslinking speed of the coated cable made using this Crosslinking device was obtained with the sight wedge using the usual Steam heating method gave the following results.

Tested cable: 6 kV cable with networked! Polyethylene coating

ladder Required times for that steam Ver cross-section Networking process proceedings ratio contraption after (min) invention 7.0 1 / 4.1 (me*) (min) 5.6 1 / 4.3 50 1.7 4.0 1 / 5.0 14th 1.3 3 0.8

From the results it can be seen that for the crosslinking process in the device after the time period required by the invention by about 1/4 could be shortened compared to the time required in the conventional process.

In Fig. 3 shows another embodiment, which is similar to the embodiment described above except that only the conductor dps cable supplied from the feeder 1 is, while an ejector 10 for the rubber or plastic with the end of the crosslinking tube 2 is connected via a connecting sleeve 11, whereby the coating on the conductor or can be ejected around the conductor and meshed in a series of operations in the device according to this embodiment. In this case, the upper seal 24 of the crosslinking tube 2 can be omitted.

In Fig. 4 is a horizontally arranged Ausfi.lirungsform reproduced. Although here the

sauna ». Bbu'ttU. tva « ftttJil « ngvordntit, that is Κυηζ. - * Λ φτ Λν * '": 1 I ti · the concept of Ott execution continuation jcmäl5 <ie ·!% .: 2 uiiB 3 similar.

'"> Fig.. * Is like" j **. Jn a creeping version: isfoan dftf ^ stelff, where only the conductor of the cable is fed to the feed device 1 and the coating is ejected from the ejector 10 around the conductor.

Although the embodiments described above according to FIGS. 2 to S only vertical and horizontal versions are described, in addition to the above-mentioned types Throw using a horizontal straight line or inclined design.

Furthermore, it is also possible that a pre-heating device is provided in the device is, so that the crosslinking speed can be increased even further. That is, the head is preheated to avoid the delay that occurs when simply coating the cable is heated from the outside. In this case, the part of the coating that is closest to the conductor can be the rapid rise in temperature on the outer surface of the coating, for example to a temperature is heated within a range of 250 to 350 ° C do not follow, and this leads to a retardation of the crosslinking rate. This preheating device can be on the cable hoist friction drive 6 or on the part between the passage be arranged from the Kabelhcöe friction drive 6 to the ejector 10. In Fig. 3 is a Such Vorerhiuungseinrichtung ids a heating device 26 indicated which surrounds the conductor.

In Fig. 5 are also a feed device 1 for the conductor, a cross-linking tube 2. a winding device 3 for the finished cable, a Deflection pulley 4, which leads up the ladder, a series of protective tubes S for the ladder Cable lift friction drive 6 for lifting the conductor, an ejector 10, which the networkable Coating ejects on the conductor, and a caterpillar take-off 9 is provided for the finished cable. The Crosslinking pipe 2 is connected to the ejector 10 via a connecting sleeve It and in arranged vertically. The network tube 2 has a radiation receiver zone 21 Precooling zone 22 and a cooling zone 23 which are in this order from the inlet to the outlet.

Pie StrahlniCTaea arafafit eme Mcfarzahl vop SoaMimgsJHWrwikltfttagBB, and τ. f. is inä a Fintrittsöftnmg 2Ϊ «and efeer Ass & nt & äifanig

g g

21 & fur incites gas vendhea. The KSbiadnc 23 is sentaecte harder of the Votufee 22 a ^ - "daei, and am water eiwgrtawchlf UmteaSt but also increase the cooling speed or the length of the cooled part. There is a problem of increasing the cooling speed with regard to the selection of the coolant S and in view of other installation requirements, the simplest solution would be to extend the cooling section. However, simply increasing the height of the vertically arranged cooling part still leads to an increase in the

ίο Installation or construction costs of this type of device, and, if the device is built horizontally, the extension of the KUhlteiU 7u leads Enlargement of the required floor space. In such a case, if one is in water one submerged deflection pulley 7 as in this version shape is used and if the refrigerator compartment is expediently extended horizontally, the length of the cooling section at a constant height and a very small increase in the required floor roughness mes can be extended, and the networking speed This considerably increases the cable's service life. The networking devices embodying the invention are found that the ratio of the lengths of the beam

a5 lungs heating zone 21, the cooling zone 22 and the Cooling zone 23, for example according to FIG. 5, is preferably determined ζ u: 1: more than Vioo: more than Vt. In other words, creating a non-heating zone with a length of more than V10 "the length of the radiation heating zone 21 serves to suppress the formation of Foaming in the coating, also to lower the temperature and to reduce the amount of steam generated when the hot cable enters the cooling water is led. Furthermore, by creating this zoi. Condensing a portion of the vapor antcrsti · _M so that the occurrence of this vapor is prevented in the SirarOungserhitzungszone 21 so that Sch * 'ierigkeüsn terms of reducing the

Radiation effectiveness of the heat sources and short-circuiting of the associated electrical circuits can essentially be avoided.

Creation of cooling zone 23 with a length that -nehr * h never half the length of the radiation heat- 7unps,: onä is 21, supports the suppression the production of spectacles. Furthermore, the cable is cooled sufficiently so that deformation at the time of winding is effectively prevented. IMn the aosfabraag of the sealed end, the

s »Kähkonc 23 zn veteiafacsen, is a number of Stofca of seals 24 along the Konlzone23 in Lzr - ndxtem ! , 90 that the at dea Sta

u G

disc 7 to Suea astet «! TcL The K & btexmt 13 is smam in the horizontal

in

and rait a standing coffee-water to 1 enter Austriftsftfnaeg 23fr Itr 4as gtek & e upper end strand. Webern * "is" fe KehJzcee23 with a display device 25 showing the height of the Wusserseieeeis to control aaa & e height of the KbM water level. At the Aastafesde of KeM-zorw 23 the DiciaMgg 2Ab is planned. Wean it is sefcvdert that

of the K * beisze te, ia it n * ctn we need-

d'.riich. led% £ ch dk Vegpsctmdty fea what the seals 24 asfgeaomnieae Wasserdracfc ia Rkhtsag against the exit end of the seal

SS tangxc aBnaänfiCB e will.

Ea Fig. 7s ^; And one strip 21, generally one of which is arranged a heating element, a volume 22, a knee joint 23, a seal 24 ″ on the entry side of the cable, a seal

6e 24fr aa the exit side of the cable an entry aSneae 21c for inert gas. an inlet opening 21 for inert gas. a water inlet opening 23a, a water inlet pipe 23fr, a metering device 25 for displaying the water level Controlling the cooling water to the cable W again-Segebeu.

Ia the cooling zone 23 of this embodiment Meshing tube is a plurality of stoles from

»5

Seals 31, 32 provided, and the water pressure • ird applied such that, for example, a pressure of 10 kp / cm ² on the seal 31 of the upper stage, ■ n the middle stage a pressure of S kp / cm * and on the lower stage a pressure of Z to S kp / cm * is applied to the seal. In this way, the implementation of the seal 24 h can be very simplified will.

In the case of the in FIG. 8 reproduced similar embodiment of the crosslinking tube 2, a coated cable W with a coating that can still be crosslinked is fed into the crosslinking tube 2 through the seal 24 a at the inlet end of the crosslinking tube 2. The radiation heating zone 21 of the crosslinking tube 2 has a heat insulator, a reflector plate and a heating device 33, which are arranged in this order from the outside to the inside. As shown, the heating device 33 can be divided into sections 33 a, 33 fr and 33 c, so that a convenient replacement is possible if some of the heating devices 33 are damaged. The cable W guided through the crosslinking tube 2 is heated by the heating device 33 by means of thermal radiation. In order to prevent the generation of foams during the crosslinking reaction, an inert gas, for example nitrogen or carbon dioxide, is allowed to circulate within the radiant heating zone 21 under a pressure of more than 1 kgf / cm *. The circulation is brought about by means of an upper inlet opening 21 α and a lower outlet opening 21 b , which are connected to one another by a pipe section 34 into which a pump P is switched on. For example, a fin capacitor 35 can be arranged in the circulation path.

The coating of the cable? V, which is heated by the heating device 33 in the radiation heating zone 21, is crosslinked, and the cable thus finished is passed through the pre-cooling zone 22, the cooling zone 23 and the seal 24b to the outside of the crosslinking tube 2. When the cable W ^{heated to about 350 c} C. in the radiation heating zone 21 is passed through the cooling water 23 c in the cooling zone 23, the temperature of the cooling water 23 c rises and steam is generated in the cooling zone 23. Although most "* A nne 22 can be removed the steam in the Vorküh!?, A certain portion dos vapor entered the radiant heating zone 21, it UUD there is a risk that the HekeinricL.ung damaged 33 or tHe isolating the Radiation heating zone 21 is deteriorated. By circulating the inert oasis »by means of the pump P and the arrangement of the ^{0 |} «N« «lmm! AuMtore 31 in

Condensation process dwι inert · .G

As described above, WIde form with the crosslinking tube .1, you can walk for the inert Oa. and elittifl »H WJ sator 35 in this way distribute Ut. ta the lung heating zone 21 «H ^{f tM} J ^M AuKi dig removed and the danger dot *?% ** £ * heating device 33 or obscuration of the lierung largely eliminated whom» · »in still another AjrtfJJ

wetting pipe %, the hi ß are a radiation heat

2one 22, a KUhfzone 13 ^ crosslinking tube 2 form. Dan at W, which is fed into the radiant heating zone 21, is heated in the atmosphere of an inert gas, for example nitrogen or carbon dioxide, under a pressure of more than 1 kp / cm * and cooled in the pre-cooling zone 22 and the cooling zone 23, whereby the crosslinking reaction is terminated.

The radiation heating zone 21 comprises sections 33a, 33 fr and 33 c arranged in series. The section 33 a of the first stage, which, according to the drawing, consists of two agitation units, is provided on its outlet side with a temperature sensing element 36 a. The output of these Temperatursensorelemenies 36 a is fed to a control device 37, and the temperature of the section 33 a is kept at a predetermined value. The predetermined temperature thus maintained is selected so that it is lower than the heat decomposition temperature of the rubber and / or plastic coating of the cable W which passes through the crosslinking tube 2, but that it is high enough to cause the crosslinking reaction in the coating cause.

On the outlet side of the section 33 c of the last stage, composed of three units, a further temperature sensing element 36 6 is provided, the output of which is also fed back to the control device 37, so that the heating temperatures of the sections 33 fr, 33 c of the second and the third stage can be controlled. The temperature of these sections 33 b, 33 c is determined so that it is kept at the temperature present at section 33 a of the first stage, because this is only necessary to complete the crosslinking reaction of the coating. In the example shown, a case is indicated at which section 33a of the first stage is so arranged that it heats the cable covering to a temperature required to produce the reaction, and sections 33fr, 33c of the second and third stages are so controlled that the temperature thus produced of the Knbelübenruges is maintained. However, it is also possible, if there are more than three stages of sections, that the first stage and the second stage are combined to form a first stage which is used to heat the cable silver cable. the temperature required for crosslinking is used, while the remainder of the heating stages are used to maintain the temperature thus obtained. It should be noted that the subdivision of the sections and the grouping of these sections as well as the predetermination of the capacitance of these sections can be carried out as a function of the material of the covering, the size of the cable and the required cable drawing speed. The heaters of the sections 33 α, 33 fr, 33 c are formed from nickel chromium wire or sheathed heating wire, which is helically wound, as shown for example in Fig. 10a by the heating device 38 β dead, and the cable W is 6o in the middle of the heating device 38 β passed through this. On the outside of the heater 38a, there is provided a reflective metal plate that is plated or plated with gold or silver, or made of stainless steel. We '' er ·, 65 am are on the outside of the metal plate 39 a '. heat-insulating layer 4 and a protective tube s arranged concentrically.

insulating layer 42 can be provided. A thermal insulation plate 43 is arranged at the end. Connections 44 are led out at spaced points of the heating device 38 a, and it would be economical if some of the sections 33 a, 336, 33 c are made interchangeable if the heating device 38 α has to be adjusted or this part of the heating device 38 α damaged, for example broken.

In Figs. 10b and 10c, other embodiments of the sections are shown, and according to Fig. 10b, rod-like heating devices 386 are arranged in a circle, and on the outer circumference of the metal plate 39 a heat-insulating layer 40 and a protective tube 41 are arranged in succession on this heating device 38 ft a plurality of connections 44 are provided as in the case of the heating device 38 α according to FIG. 10a, so that partial exchange or adjustment is made possible.

In Fig. 11 is a block diagram of one embodiment the control device 37 reproduced, in which the output of the temperature sensing element 36 α, which is provided on the outlet side of the section 33 a, to an adjusting device 46 α is fed back via a converter 45 a, so that the section 33 a from an energy source 47 supplied electrical energy is automatically adjusted. Similarly, the output from the temperature sensing element is 366, which is provided at the exit end of section 33 c of the last stage an adjusting device 466 is applied via a converter 45 6, whereby the energy from the energy source 47 electric power supplied to the sections 336 and 33c is automatically adjusted. Of course an automatic temperature control of the sections 33a, 336, 33c is not always necessary, and in some cases this control can be done manually. In this case it is evident that the control device 37 by an ordinary Thermometer can be replaced.

As described above, the radiation heating zone 21 is composed of a plurality of steps of sections 33a, 336, 33c, and these sections 33a, 336, 33c are combined into a first group and a second group, the temperature of the first at the entrance The group arranged by radiation can be precisely controlled so that this group of sections of the cable pull is heated to a temperature high enough to cause the crosslinking reaction in the coating, and the temperature of the second group of the sections ito can be controlled so that the temperature described above is precisely maintained for a period of time necessary for the crosslinking reaction to complete. In this way, the temperature of the outer cable coating can be kept at a value which is safely below the decomposition temperature of the coating, and the crosslinking reaction is thereby supported.

Fig. 12 is a cross-sectional view of the entry end and part of the subsequent radiation heating zone 21 of a crosslinking tube 2. The cable W with a covering of rubber or

ίο Plastic enters the radiant heating zone 21, and sealing parts 48 a and 486 are composed of fiber and rubber, which are arranged in the shape of a shaft. The sealing parts 48 a, 48 6 should be such that they surround the cable W and create a seal against the leakage of pressurized gas in the radiant heating zone 21 as well as withstand frictional wear caused by the cable W through the sealing parts 48 α, 486 passes through, is caused. Though two

ao seal parts 48a and 486 are shown one above the other, the number of which can be changed in accordance with the pressure of the inert gas and the surface condition of the cable W. A metal plate 49 consists of a single or combined

a5 set metal plate which surrounds the cable W so that it can reflect the infrared rays radiated from the heater 33. A heat insulator SO, for example made of asbestos, is used to interrupt the heat transfer from one crosslinking pipe 2 to another crosslinking pipe 26 and to prevent the sealing parts 48a, 486 from being prematurely damaged or destroyed by transferred heat. Also for the same purpose, a water cooling part 51 is provided to cool the crosslinking tube 26. An inlet opening 21 and an outlet opening 216 serve to supply and discharge the

Compressed gas.

As described above, the entrance part adjacent to the radiation heating zone 21 has sealing parts 48a, 486 which surround the cable IV passing through them and damage a seal against the leakage of the pressurized gas. Furthermore, a metal plate 49 is arranged around the cable W in a position in which it can reflect the infrared rays radiated from the heater 33.

The Dichtungsicilc48a, 486 can provide a sufficient seal on the BerObrungutelle with the

so cause cables W against gas under a pressure in the range usually from 1 to 5 kg / cm *, and the metaUpi e 49 can reflect the infrared rays from the heating element 33, so that a temperature rise in the inlet! prevents 1st and the

ss parts 48 a, 48 b against the harmful effects of Are effectively protected.

In addition 7 sheets of drawings

Claims (1)

Claims: the heating zone and the cooling zone are arranged at a distance from one another and each form a mechanically closed unit. to carry out a facility of the type mentioned in the introduction in such a way that with hidiki bi dk 1. Apparatus for vulcanizing a vulcanizable rubber or for crosslinking a coating of an electrical cable made of crosslinkable plastic, with a device for feeding the with the Rubber or plastic-coated Kag bels, a tubular, a can be worked with a higher under ER- _l0 velocity, elevated pressure standing gas filled radiation, this object is the invention solved according heating zone comprising heating means for said gas in the radiant heating zone curing the rubber and crosslinking is inert, between the radiant heating zone and the plastic of the top coating, a nachgeord- the cooling zone a beaufneten with the inert gas, with a cooling liquid can be acted upon i ₅ as estimated precooling zone is arranged and the Strah-cooling zone and a Aurwickeleinrichtung for lung-heating zone, the pre-cooling zone and the Cooling the finished cable, characterized by the open transition into one another, shows that the gas in the radiation heater is inert between the radiation heating zone (21) and the Cooling zone (23) a o Filling gas is known per se, so that no independent protection is desired for this one pre-cooling feature to which the inert gas is applied; , the pre-cooling zone (22) and the paint of claim 1. Cooling zone (23) openly merge into one another. In a device according to the invention work 2. Device according to claim 1, characterized overall a ₅ th with a simple mechanical design, the Erkennzeichnet that the inert gas under a hitzungszonen and cooling zones with a very good pressure of more than 1.0 kp / cm ² is. Efficiency, which means that the speed 3. Device according to claim 1 or 2, therewith with which the cable is passed through the device characterized in that the aspect ratios can be much higher than with the known fore Radiant heating zone (21) which is pre-cooling directions. zone (22) and the cooling zone (23) as follows l h l 05 d Uh S (g The following are correct: 1: more than V100: m; hr than 0.5. 4. Device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the radiant heating zone (21) is associated with a ₃₅ Gasumlaufeinrich- device (34) with a capacitor (35). 5. Device according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the beam gg
placed under protection. The invention is explained below with reference to the drawing, for example. Fig. 1 kl a typical side view of a conventional crosslinking chamber for an electrical cable or an electrical conductor surrounding rubber or plastic; F i g. 2 is a schematic side view of an h g g ventilation heating zone (21) of a plurality of 40 crosslinking devices; Steps (33a, 336, 33c), which in little- Fig. 3 is a schematic side view of a at least two groups are subdivided, and that on the other embodiment the crosslinking device outlet end a temperature sensor for each group; element (36a and 36b, respectively) is arranged, through Figs. 4 and 5 are schematic side views the output of which the supply of electrical energy _{45 is} controlled in a horizontal or vertical direction for each group. wetting device according to another embodiment to form;
F i g. 6 to 9 are also schematic views different types of cross-linking tubes that are fully 50 come or are partially shown in section and which constitute part of a networking device; The invention relates to a device. Figs. 10a to 10f are views of differenti turn vulcanizing one of the vulcanizable types of heating devices that are in part of a Rubber or for crosslinking a crosslinked 55 crosslinking tube can be used; plastic existing coating of an elec- F i g. 11 is a block diagram of a temperature tric cable, with a device for the control device, which in the network device lead that is used with the rubber or plastic; coated cable, one tubular, one with Fig. 12 is a cross-sectional view of the introducer a gas under increased pressure filled 60 part and a portion of this adjacent Radiant heating zone having heating device lying Envarmungteils of the crosslinking pipe, device for vulcanizing the rubber or according to Fig. 1, in which a typical embodiment Networking of the plastic of the coating, a downstream of a customary crosslinking chamber for an electrically arranged rubber or plastic cooling zone surrounding a cable that can be acted upon by a coolant, and with a winding device for which 65 is shown, a crosslinking chamber 7 has finished cables. a steam inlet opening A through which In known devices of this type (US-PS by saturated steam on the surface of a mii 99751 and 2023665) the radiationer rubber or plastic-insulated cables W are