DE1779154A1 - Process for the production of films and threads from at least two immiscible polymers - Google Patents

Description

DR. ELISABETH JUNG, DR. VOLKER VOSSIUS, .DIPL-ING. GERHARD COLDEWEY

PATENT LAWYERS 1/79 1

MDNCHEN 23 S I E G ES ST R ASSE 26. TEL EFON 345067 TELEGRAM ADDRESS: IN VENT / M DNCH EN

■ "1 2, Ml 1968

U.Z.s AKU 1158

ALGEMENE KWSmJDE UNIE SF.
Arnhem, the Netherlands

Method of making films and threads at least 2 immiscible polymers

Priority? July 12, 1967, the Netherlands Registration no. 67 »09652

The invention relates to a method for producing Films and threads or fibers made of at least 2 non-miscible polymers, which are initially in liquid Form on a main stream with at least 2 parallel layers in the direction of flow in a certain way local order are united, its Sohichtnummer then by flattening perpendicular to the layer planes, Divide across the layer levels and store next to each other the leilstrom is doubled several times, whereupon it becomes extruded through a slot

From Dutch patent application 65-12918 is a Process for the production of films known from a consist of a large number of parallel layers, the planes of which extend parallel to the plane of the film

Have films obtained by this known method Although very useful properties in various respects, there are also areas of application for which the

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0OfTfCHeCKKONTQi MONCHIN WM -BANKKONTOS DIUT8CHE BANK AG MÖNCHEN, LEOPOLD8TR. TI ₁ KTO. ΝΛ. 80/36784

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films produced by the known process less are suitable.

The invention provides a method of the type described above, in particular for the production of special Films are suitable, which can be processed particularly well into threads and yarns, as they are easy to use Catfish can be frayed or split and which can be stretched in the usual way with a satisfactory result *

_ The method according to the invention is characterized by ™ that the main stream consisting of many layers is extruded through a slot, the long side of which is practical runs perpendicular to the layer planes and the put ^ possibly stretched PiIm if necessary in a manner known per se by chemical, physical and / or mechanical treatment splits and / or shreds into bin or multi-component threads.

One embodiment of the method according to the invention which is characterized in that that the stratified main stream, which has an approximately square cross-section, is at least once so £ is doubled so that the cross-sectional area is kept constant and a stream with a rectangular cross-section is created, the shorter side of which measures at least 1 to 1.5 mm.

Bs was surprisingly found to be proportionate simple method according to the invention the production of various plastic products in a simple manner and economical way. A preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention is thereby characterized in that the main stream consists of at least 3 components is formed, of which at least 2 adhere well to each other in the extruded film, but with respect to their neckability after stretching the film differ considerably, and that between the two

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Layer sequences of well adhering together components another component is installed at least, the little sticks to s & its adjacent components.

If a polymer is used for such a 3-component film as a further, poorly adhering component, which is soluble in solvents which do not attack the two components that adhere well to one another, the film produced according to the invention can be converted into a yarn after it has been stretched if necessary produce with improved properties by passing it through a bath containing at least one such solvent. The poorly adhering component is preferably an m

Polymer used with a melting point below the Softening point of the components that adhere well to one another is. In this embodiment of the method according to the invention yarns can also be produced by heating the optionally stretched film. According to a A further embodiment of the invention can optionally be a polymer with an elongation at break as the poorly adhering component can be used, which is smaller than the ratio in which the components that adhere well to one another are stretched will. In this embodiment of the invention, the obtained PiIm can be split into threads by drawing will.

Another embodiment of the invention is characterized in that at least 3 components are used to produce the main stream, of which at least 2 adhere poorly to one another in the finished film, with the hatred that the components are stored next to one another in such a way that between the two poorly to one another adhering components there is in each case at least one further component which has satisfactorily good adhesion to the two adjacent components.

Films are therefore produced according to the method according to the invention manufactured that a multitude of unrelated

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contain mixed components that are arranged side by side are, whereby theee films are characterized by that at least some of these components are in shape of practically endless threads in the longitudinal direction through the Extend film and these threads have a width which is at most in the order of magnitude of the film thickness.

According to another embodiment of the invention, films are produced which are not composed of several _; mixed components and which are characterized in that at least some of these components extend in the form of practically endless or continuous threads or strips in the longitudinal direction through the film, B which are twice or several times as wide as the film is thick.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, plastic films are produced in which the components in Direction of the film plane in a continuously repeating sequence of threads or strips arranged next to one another are.

Films are preferably prepared according to the invention, which are characterized in that adjacent threads or strips each consist of two components that are well adhered, however, a considerable difference ψ ■ in shrinkability after stretching of the film have in the longitudinal direction. ,

According to the method according to the invention, in particular plastic films can be produced which are characterized in that. are that on two threads or strips of two components that adhere well to one another, one thread or strip is made Another component follows, which adheres only with difficulty to the components that adhere well to one another, so that the combinations made of threads or strips of well-adhering Components are each separated from one another by such a further component.

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As a precaution, films are produced according to the process according to the invention, which are characterized in that each second JP & * eu of two components that are poorly adhered to one another are replaced by a thin layer of a third component that adheres well to the two adjacent components _{f are} connected.

Me invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the drawings explained.

Figure 1 shows a rope of a gate direction for manufacturing of films by extrusion according to the method according to the invention in section.

FIG. 2 is a perspective illustration of an embodiment of the method according to the invention producible film.

FIGS. 5 and 4 show further embodiments of the Invention manufacturable films.

Figure 5 shows the forming of a layered main current with a square cross section by twice parts transversely to the layer planes and lifting superimposing the cable streams into a main stream with a double layer number and double width.

FIG. 6 shows one according to a further embodiment film producible according to the invention.

The device shown in FIG. 1 is used to produce two-component films according to the method according to the invention. Using its own pump each (not shown) for each of the two polymer components a main stream produced in the usual way and as usual and under pressure through a channel 1 in the housing 2 downwards pressed. The channel 1 is divided by a partition 5 into 2 sections 4 and 5, with a polymer through the

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Section 4 and that flows differently through section 5, so that at the end of the partition wall 5 the two components form layers lying next to one another. Below the partition 3 , at a short distance therefrom in the channel 1, two flow dividers 6 and 7, shown schematically, are arranged, which are designed in such a way that the main flow, which initially consists of 2 layers, flows through a flow divider

6 or «7 divided and the number of layers doubled is so that he the flow divider 7 as multi-layered Main stream / leaves. The direction of the layer planes of the Main flow 8 after exiting the flow divider 7 is indicated in Figure 1 schematics by lines (8).

The flow dividers 6 and 7 are preferably like those in FIG Dutch patent application 65-12919 described flow divider built.

After leaving the channel 1 with the flow dividers 6 and

7, the multi-layered main stream 8 flows into a chamber in an extruder head 1O ₉ which is attached to the housing 2 »The chamber 9 gradually expands in the plane of the drawing and opens into a slot 11, the long side of which is designated by 12» The slot can be perpendicular to the plane of the drawing 11, a width of about 0.3 possess mm. the Torrichtung shown in Figure 1 is thus constructed so that the current, a large number of polymer layers having main extruding 8 through the Schliß 11 whose longitudinal side 12 perpendicular to AEEN Ibenen of the layers of the stratified main streams 8 stands. After leaving the slot 11, the film is cooled in a known manner on a cooling roller (not shown) and then subjected to further treatments, for example by stretching and splitting into fibers.

Figure 2 is a perspective view of the structure of a film produced according to the invention 13. The film consists of two components 14 and 15, which are indicated in the transverse direction of the film, ie by an arrow 16

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is j. Arranged next to one another in a continuously alternating sequence are * The longitudinal direction of the film 13 is indicated by an arrow 17. Component 15 extends in the form of threads, the diameter of which transversely to the direction of the film is smaller than the thickness of the film 13 in the direction of the arrow 17 through the film 13. Favorable results have already been achieved with films: with a thickness of 0.01 .08 mm and a width of 2-4 cm. These films were made of 2 components, -namely, a polyamide and polyethylene, ι in a weight ratio of 50 Such films are conveniently drawn at a draw ratio of 2.8. Optionally, the polyamide and the polyethylene can be used in a weight ratio of 90:10. Preferably, films are generally produced with a width of at least 50-100 cm.

It is noted that a component of the invention produced film does not necessarily have to consist of a single substance. Rather, it can Mixtures of 2 or more polymers can also be used as components of films produced according to the invention.

FIGS. 3 and 4 show films 18 on an enlarged scale. or 19 again, which have a slightly different structure. Also in these figures are the transverse and longitudinal directions of the film each indicated by arrows 16 and -17. The film 18 shown in Figure 3 has a large an-_j number of combinations of two well-adhering components 20 and 21, each by a relatively thin layer of a further component 22, which adheres poorly to the components 20 and 21, from each other are separated. After the film is made, it may adhere poorly to the other two components Component 22 must be removed, ζ "Β. by loosening, pulling out or heating so that a large number of narrow strips are obtained, each of which is well connected adhesive components 20 and 21 exist. These strips can be made into continuous filament yarns

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Optionally, they can be made from staple fibers after processing sur making use of spun yarn.

The film 14 shown in FIG. 4 is the film 16 of FIG Figure 3 very similar. It contains a large number of combinations of 2 components that adhere poorly to one another 23 and 24, each connected by a layer of a relatively thin layer of a third component 25 that adheres well to the two components 23 and 24. Thus, the components 23 and 24 of the film 19 can be completely separated from each other due to their poor adhesion be separated so that one large number is narrower Strip is obtained, each made up of two threads of the components 23 and 24 »connected by the thin layer of the well-adhering component 25»

If it is desired that the successive polymer layers in the films shown in FIGS. 2, 3 and 4 run practically perpendicular to the plane of the film, the multi-layered main stream 8 with a square cross-section can, prior to extrusion through the slot 11 according to an embodiment of the invention, be or several times by dividing transversely to the layer plane and storing them next to one another, whereby a main flow with twice the number of layers, twice the width _{t of the} same cross-sectional area and a rectangular cross-section is created. This transformation is shown schematically in FIG. 5. Immediately after the stratified main flow 8 emerges from the flow divider 7, its cross section is square and measures βχβ mm. This square is divided along the partial line and shaped into a pike with the dimensions 3 × 12 mm, as shown in FIG. This rectangle is then reshaped by dividing along the line 27 into a stream with a rectangular cross-section and the dimensions 24 × 1 1/2 mm, which is finally extruded through the slot 11.

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6 represents a © some of the preceding! Movies different versions of one produced according to the invention Film? in which the components 28 and 29 as practically endless strips in the longitudinal direction extend through the film »whose width is at least twice as great as the thickness of the

«According to the desired final product, the film can be made from a A large number of different combinations of different components can be built up.

Some examples of possible combinations of different components are given below, the proportion M of the individual components of the film being given in each case by weight.

I. Two component film
Component Is Hylon β (50 $) <.

Component 2 s mixture, of Hylon 6 and polystyrene in a weight ratio of 40 # nylon 6 and 60 wt .- # polystyrene (50 fi) . _; After removing the polystyrene from such a film, a paser sheet is obtained which is held together by the nylon fibrils that remain from the second component _e

II. Two-component film _t 1 * Component FyIon 6 (80 ^) _a

2nd component; Polyethylene (20? Δ). ·

These two components don't stick to each other, so that the polyethylene can be wholly or partially removed, whereupon the film becomes a spun yarn of good quality can be processed »

III » Three component film t

1st component: Hylon 6 ( $ 45>) .

2nd component! Polyethylene terephthalate (45 ^).

3 «component! Copolyesteramide that works well at first

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both components adheres {10 #) _o The first and second components of such films do not adhere to each other »

Film® made from combinations of two components that adhere to one another, each separated by a layer of a third component that does not adhere to the first two components: 1 »Component: Hylon 6 (45 $ 5.
2. Component t mixed polyamide made of 86 $ nylon 6 and

14 io Hylon 11 with higher shrinkage than the first component (45 #). m 3rd component polystyrene (10 ^).

Such three-component films can after removal of polystyrene can be processed into fibers and split particularly well and easily.

The method according to the invention allows any number of options, type and sequence of the various components open. Bs is also to be applied primarily to melt spinning processes, but basically also applicable to other different spinning processes »

109836/0465 originally inspected

Claims (1)

£ at e nt a ns ρ r u ehe Process for the production of films and threads or fibers from at least 2 immiscible polymers, which are initially combined in liquid form to a main stream with at least 2 parallel layers extending in the direction of flow in a specific local order, the number of which is then flattened perpendicular to the Layer planes, parts across the layer planes and juxtaposition of the partial flows is doubled several times, whereupon it is extruded through a slot, characterized in that the main flow (8) consisting of many layers is extruded through a slot {11), the longitudinal side of which (12) runs practically perpendicular to the layer _{planes and splits and / or shreds the bo produced v} optionally stretched film in a manner known per se by chemical, physical and / or mechanical treatment into binding or multi-component threads, 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that that the multi-layered main stream (8), the one essentially has a square cross-section, is divided at least once across the plane of the layers and the partial streams to a new main stream with doubled Number of layers and rectangular cross-section with the same Cross-sectional areas are stored next to each other as before the division " 3 ... The method according to claim 2, characterized in that that the division of the main stream (8) and the juxtaposition the partial streams is carried out so that the short side of the resulting stream with rectangular Cross-section measures at least 1 - 1.5 mm. 109836/046 4 »Method according to one of claims 1 - 3 _9, characterized in that the multi-layered main flow (8) is formed from at least 3 components, of which at least two adhere well to one another in the extruding film, but after the film has been stretched in the longitudinal direction they differ significantly from one another Has shrinkability and where at least one further component, which adheres only with difficulty to the components adjacent to it, is stored between two pairs of layers or combinations of layers made up of the components that adhere well to one another. · ■ ''' 5 ο Method according to claim A _9, characterized in that as the third component, by which pairs of rails., Th of well-adhering components are separated from each other »a polymer is used which is soluble in solvents that adhere well to each other Do not attack components, and that the film, if necessary after previous stretching, is passed through a bath which contains one or more such solvents, 6. The method according to claim 4 »characterized in that a polymer is used as the third component, its Melting point is below the softening point of the components that adhere well to one another, and that the film after if it has been stretched, it is heated. 7ο method according to claim 4, characterized in that that the film becomes entangled and flowed as a third component a Polymerea is used »whose elongation is smaller is as the relationship in which the two are good to each other adhesive components are scattered. 8 ο Method according to claim 1, characterized in that äaß äes? complex «main stream (8) formed from at least three .vrf.rcf, of which at least two are in fer ~ 10 9 8 3 6/0465 _B AD ORIGiMAL . ■■■■■ ^: -13 - -: film stick together poorly and that the two sequence of the adjacent polymer layers as follows it is chosen that it is between two layers of bad components that adhere to one another each have a layer Another component is »good to you adjacent layers adheres. 109836/0465 Blank page