DE1766958C3 - Antenna arrangement for short and very short electromagnetic waves - Google Patents

Description

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Dipoles are assembled according to the teaching of the invention, for example, to form an omnidirectional antenna can, which has the conductive outer skin 11 of an antenna mast as a counterweight. The symmetrical Dipoles are shown in the drawing as spheres 12 for the sake of simplicity and are shown in FIG axially symmetrical distribution around the outer skin 11 of the antenna mast around. In one such a case should be taken into account that the counterweight of the individual dipole halves 12, the similar to that in FIG. l represented, fed, consists of a cylinder surface, namely the outer skin 11, the curvature of the cylinder surface goes into the Wave resistance distribution of the radial line accordingly. For this reason recommends here too the already given training rule for the shape of the surfaces adjacent to one another The radial conductance of every asymmetrical dipole must be taken into account. It must therefore be shaped accordingly in front of the corresponding area of the dipole halves 12 either the wave resistance at each Place the individual radial line equal to learn value to choose at the connection point or the one in the circumferential direction Average value of the wave resistance of each individual radial line for any given radius equal to the wave resistance at the junction of the individual, asymmetrical dipole

to choose. . .

The spatial arrangement of the individual, asymmetrical Dipoles on the antenna mast can also be used in a manner known per se in accordance with the specified Diagram requirements are chosen like the phase position of the fed into the individual dipoles Waves.

1 sheet of drawings

Claims (1)

1 2 "from a certain cut-off frequency. In a patent claims: Patent of the same seniority (German patent specification 1 290 991) it is proposed that the adjustment conditions 1. Antenna arrangement for short and very conditions of such an antenna arrangement to improve short electromagnetic waves with an elliptical 5 that the shape of the mutually soid-shaped dipole radiators of significant adjacent surfaces of the radial line such ge-thickness compared to the radiator length at which the is selected that either the wave resistance at each dipole half at the lowest operating point of the radial line or the length averaged around a quarter-wave direction in circumferential frequency for any radius, and in which the dipole half has the form io of the wave resistance of Radial line is equal to that of an elliptical wave resistance extending in the radiator axis at the connection point.
soids with an axis ratio a / b between The invention is based on the object of Aus 0.6 and 1.7, preferably a / b about 1.5 (whereby formations of counterweight surfaces should be indicated which a the. Ellipsoidal axis transverse to the dipole axis and b both in structural engineering and in electrical the ellipses coinciding with the dipole axis are advantageous. soid axis), and where the distance This task is based on the above between a conductive counterweight surface and a given antenna arrangement, according to the inventor adjacent dipole half is chosen in such a way that as a counterweight that already at the lowest operating frequency surface, the jacket of an asymmetrical vertical line between the closest to each other quenzleitung or the conductive outer jacket an impedance occurring at the points is provided between antenna masks, for example.
50 and 60 Ω, and in which the lei- Here it is advantageous if several asymmetrical tcnde counterweight face and the tric notify dipoles to a common antenna tower disclosed dipole half form a Radiallcitung are arranged to around, preferably in axialsymme main Patent 1109 748, and further wherein said 25 trical distribution. Shaping of the adjacent areas such as the German utility model 1 737 046 Chen the radial line is chosen in such a way. that shows, it is known per se, either the conductive outside The wave resistance at every point on the jacket of an antenna mast as a counterweight radial line or to use the one in the circumferential direction for surface, as well as several asymmetrical ones an arbitrary radius averaged value of the 30 dipole around such an antenna mast around-wave resistance arrange the radial line in the same way. Characteristic impedance at the connection point is that the invention is illustrated below with the aid of a dutch characterized that as a counter-embodiment, the closer in the drawing weight surface of the jacket of an asymmetrical is shown, explained. High-frequency line or the conductive external 35 The F i g. 1 is used to explain the in the jacket (11) an antenna mast is provided. mentioned patent of the same period of time taught Aus-2. Antenna arrangement according to Claim I, the formation of the radial line, which also occurs in the present case characterized in that several unsymmetrical invention is applied. It shows as a partial cut tric dipoles (12) around a common to an asymmetrical dipole 1, which is above a practical mast are arranged around, preferably 4 ° table flat, conductive surface 2, which as Gcgenin axially symmetric distribution. weight serves, according to the teaching after Main patent is arranged. The dipole half 1 and the counterweight 2 are at their to each other next lying places with a coaxial line The ^l: rfindung relates to an antenna 45 lung 3, 4 radio-frequency line formed vcrbunanordming for short and very short eleklromagne- the. This coaxial line has, for example, a table turn with an ellipsoidal dipole wave impedance Z ₁ - 60 i2. The distance d between the radiator is of appreciable thickness compared to the lower dipole half 1 and the length of the radiator at which the individual dipole halves for the standing surface of the counterweight 2 is such (every lowest operating frequency selects a length of about 50 that the radius r “Has a beginning radial of a quarter wavelength, and in which the dipole line 5 - formed by the adjacent surface half in the form of a radiator axis of the dipole half 1 and the counterweight 2 - has a stretching ellipsoid with an axial ratio of the characteristic impedance of the value Z _R , which has at least a / b between 0.6 and 1.7, preferably a'b approximately 1.5, almost in value equal to the wave resistance Z, which has (where a is the ellipsoidal axis transverse to the dipole axis 55 high-frequency line 3, 4. Furthermore, is the area and b denote the dipole halves 1 which coincide with the dipole axis in the area of this radial conduction, the ellipsoidal axisc), and where the distance is so gefor mt that the radial line at least / between a conductive counterweight surface and the almost constant wave resistance of the neighboring dipole half is chosen such that bc value Z _n up to the reading point of the waves - at already at the lowest operating frequency the between 60 operation of the antenna arrangement as Transmitting antenna - has the places closest to each other. As is well known, the separation occurs where the impedance is between 50 and 60 ü, the length of the electric field lines between and at which the conductive counterweight adjacent surfaces of the dipole half 1 and the surface and the adjacent dipole halves are an Ra counterweight 2 for the longest operating wave length line, according to main patent 1 109 748. 65 has a value of about half a wavelength. This antenna arrangement is characterized by. In FIG. 1, this is indicated by the dashed field line denoted by / 'which is practically almost constant radiation inherent,
shafts in a wide frequency range above. In Fig. 2 it is shown how asymmetrical