DE1766892C - Frequency multiplier - Google Patents

Description

the basic circuit is switched on for the respective harmonic. ^

sequence tuned series resonance circuit (Ii. 12) 15 The transition / u of a square wave voltage gieic xu

is switched on. Sirom flow angle, but more constant, through aic r ,, -

2. Frequency multiplier according to claim 1. da- iriehsspanr.ung given pulse height. give the
marked by> v. that the first transistor> 5) part! a constant output voltage / usat / Ui, via a Zweiwegdcichriehterschaltung (16. 17) is obtained in comparison to the above-mentioned Su,.! - is driven. "Tunisia has a greater 1 freedom in the choice of the Su," -

3 frequency multiplier according to claim 1 or 2, fluüvvinkels, since there are always several pulse duty factors ■ - ■■ characterized in that in the input circuit of the an optimal Ciehalt at the «th harmonic vh _;

first transistor <5i ene diode (6) for compensation. Furthermore, the output voltage is from the hang, *!;.,

sa'on largely independent of the threshold voltage of the first level. The rise unu \ h-

sisiors (5). »5 fall times of the square-wave pulses at the output ^ i-.C.

4. Frequency multiplier after one of the previous less than a microsecond, so that such a, tvr going claims, characterized in that frequency multiples · "up to frequencies of! \ il!, ·

both transistors (5, 9) can also be used via a diode (8)

are connected to each other. When generating eeven-numbered harmonics, n _i: he-

30 special one harmonic with twice the freq ^ 1 /

of the fundamental wave, it is advantageous to use the first TranjMr

to be controlled via a two-way rectifier circuit. F. Another advantageous embodiment in which the

The invention relates to a frequency multiplier Schwellwerispannuna of the first transistor compensate

can be sicrt with a first stiomilusswinkelcontrolled tran- 35, it follows that in the

sisior. in which in the supply line to the control electrode an input circuit 'les harvest T ansistor a diode eir.ge-

ohmic resistance and is switched in its input circuit.

also e ^; n alternating current bridged resistance

stand is arranged. be improved that both transistors have a

Conventional frequency multiplier circuits with 4 ° diode connected to each other,

with a transistor or a diode in C mode. Using the exemplary embodiments according to FIGS. 1

show a strong dependency of the output voltage and 2 as well as the equivalent circuit according to FIG. 3 and

on the input level, which in many cases is also reflected in the diagram according to F 1 «. 4 the binding is sewn

wishes is. explained.

For example, in the German Auslegeschrift 1 IOD 090 a 45 The frequency multiplier according to FIG. 1 arbeile: \ ue

Frequency multiplier maintenance described, which follows:

works with Sirom flow angle control, whereby also from the secondary ropes to the frequency / output This circuit has an automatic bias voltage of the correct transformer 1, the sinusoidal chip is present, which ensures that the current angle nnng the frequency / on the base of the transistor ^ 5. always remains constant. However, since the sinusoidal couplings are produced by the base-emitter diode directly to the yield for the corresponding overcurrent generated at the in-series AC com waves serve, through the voltage fluctuation at the bination 2, 3 an automatic preload, the. how Input but also the amplitude of this sinusoidal later shown wild, with increasing input span peaks can fluctuate, this voltage amplitude can also increase at the output, so that the current circuit no constant tension remained constant at a certain 55 foot angle. The resistor 7 Harmonic can be obtained. ~ \ iode 6 prestressed in the flow direction compensated Another arrangement is in the USA patent - the threshold voltage and the temperature response of the 3 188 496. In this arrangement, transistor is 5. The current conduction angle can be more suitable Although a transistor is present, which changes in a sinusoidal manner by the ratio of the two resistors 2.4 shaped voltage is controlled. The negative 60 are set. The transistor 9 is via the diode 8 Half-waves of this sinusoidal voltage control coupled to the collector of transistor 5 and the transistor through, so that here, too, a square-wave works as a saturated switch. At the resistor 10 shaped tension arises. But since with this arrangement there is then a square wave voltage, its duty cycle no automatic bias is provided, nis by the current conduction angle of the base current of the but the bias voltage across the batteries 18 and 19 65 transistor 5 is determined and thus constant. the is fixed, the current conduction angle at this square amplitude is determined by the voltage on the Arrangement not kept constant, so that the pulse Zener diode 13 is given. Via the capacitor 11 and width at the output varies, depending on the span the primary winding 12 of the transformer 14, which as

The series circle is tuned to the nth harmonic, the frequency η · f can be decoupled.

for an easier one. Frequency doubling recommends the input of the amplifier via the in F i g. 2 drawn counteracting arrangement, consisting of the matched, center-tapped transformer 1 and the To control diodes 16, 17. A rectangular voltage of the sequence signal / is then obtained at the output. 2 · / '. so that to achieve a largely secondary voltage-free output voltage, a single A row in the exit is enough. With the help of the adjustable Resistance OK can be the output level at the Paraüelkreis 11. Set 12. The flow angle of the Diodes 16, 57 are automatically biased held constant at the capacitor 3. By the voltage divider from the resistors 2, 15 is a Fixed bias voltage generated, which partially cancels the threshold voltage of the diodes and the transistor.

With the help of an equal voltage measurement The transformer I can be adjusted to the input frequency at the capacitor 3 in a simple manner.

In Fig. 3 is the input circuit of the multiplier of Fig. 1 given idealized. The Steut. Voltage of the form U ₁ · coso ¹ , where q is to be assumed as o> ■ t , generates the current J ₁ . The diode D has the blocking resistance 00, the blocking resistance 0 and no threshold voltage. Let the capacitor C be large enough so that the time constants R ₁ ■ C or Λ »· C are large compared to the reciprocal value of the angular frequency ω. J _x is in FIG. 4 shown ■ ie !! ^! . q < ₀ is the current conduction angle. Then applies to the current:

./, - A (cos φ - cos q _c ) for - q> _n <ψ <-f q ₀ The linear mean value of the current J ₀ results from:

The amplitude of the input voltage has the value L ',.: (. „· A · (! Cozy ,,) · R;

follows:

O ₁ ,

COS 7,

■ Al '

cos 7,

i " A

R,

If one sets the bcn found value nr _{for L 0, one obtains:}

i; i

R ₁ ■ '

It can be seen here that the current flow angle r, “depends on the ratio of the two resistances. A replacement of the ideal diode by a real one with exponc. With a new characteristic, the resistance, must be sufficient :: chosen to be large in order to lincarise sufficiently in the modulation range. On the other hand, the resistance R _t must be small enough against the blocking resistance er

Be a diode. ..,

The transition from cosine peaks to the corner pulses is also in F. G. 4 to see the amplitude the η-th harmonic results from rouncr

IUn

sin

The current flow angle is optimal for:

TVr,

j J ^ f)

-.- K ■ π

(sin ^ ₀ - <?;"■ cos 7 · ,,) K - 0, 1, 2

At the capacitor C üegl then the bias voltage:

AU ₀ - R ₁ ■ J ₀ ----- R ₁ ■ --- (sin τ- ,, - ^ ₀ cos 9 ,,)

Γ7

Basically, it is good to choose the smallest possible current conduction angle (K - 0), since small changes are the least likely to affect the harmonic amplitude.

1 sheet of drawings

Claims (1)

voltage fluctuations at the input, which also means that the following claims: voltage with the filtered out harmonic at the output, corresponding amplitude fluctuations. 1. Freque.izvervieiiacher with an ers. ι current task de. It is invention. an i-frequency controlled flux angle Transistor, in which to look in the 5-fold attitude, nei tier this, μπ,., -. Ι Lead to the control electrode an ohmic resistance is avoided. , stood and in his r-ingangskrds also a The frequency multiplier according to tr.mUuiig Resistance bridged in alternating currents to solve this problem. ceordnei is characterized in that the first transistor, a second i Transistor _n;! , n- because the first transistor (5) a second tran- io happened, which as a saturated switching iransiMor sisior (9) is close. which works as saturated and that in the output circuit de * /> e- _n Switching transistor works, and that in the off transistor at least one on oie respective iiarmoin- output circuit of the second transistor (9) at least see the basic frequency tuned seneson _{; i} : v-