DE1763654A1 - Numerical control system for machine tools - Google Patents

Description

Our reference: ii 808

Numerical control system for machine tools.

The invention relates to a numerical control system for machine tools.

iJie known Y / e-Lkzeugsttjuersy stars for stewpel presses and the like have specialized numerical facilities which become technically obsolete very quickly. These systems generate analog control signals for the drives that work in the machine axes according to the successive setting steps, and from the handheld or strip reading station, there are more Requires signals when every step is complete. the Preparation of numerical tax lines or tax ribbons for the control system is a time consuming! * and laborious work process and requires special Knowledge and skills,

/ E 109887/0543 ±> £ L

The present invention is based on the tasks To create a much more flexible machine tool control system with which the desired machine functions performed on the basis of basic information such as blueprints or the like v / grounding with a substantial reduction in the total time and total required Effort.

According to the present invention, there is provided a numerical schedule control system comprising a digital computer in which a program is controlled, and means are provided that are connected to the computer, namely with a first stored program, an automatically operated input being provided to input numerical setting command data into the computer Enter connection with a second program, and with a setting system for the machine tool is provided, which is controlled with the digital computer to receive digital signals therefrom, namely according to the numerical position command data to execute the commands contained in the data, according to the digital signals.

In an advantageous manner, this creates a control system which includes a digital computer with a stored Program, through the commands

Digital 109887/0543

Digital servo system of one or a number of punching presses transferred to convert new UeIenie, to correct previous servo deviations and / or to correct mechanical tolerance errors in the servo systems, and to adjust the machine tool and servo settings to monitor and to monitor the pressing, to monitor and to monitor the tool change and around to monitor the settings, taking Jdinrichiungen are provided to advantageously use the coded control bands or control strips on the basis of Incremental entries and / or entries in values of to produce absolute dimensions on a time basis for automatic operation of the servo systems, uikI is derived from previously generated recording tapes or strips.

nren Vor! ei Ie are to be sci.cn, ür »: i i (-rduroli a Stcuo n; y s tem for a ', ieriiXdUgKias ^. • iHchaJTeii which is cheap and which is excluded from already existing hay systems become ', now um \ welolies one, -. rUere FJ exi bi J i tat and one.' ■ rulate Lf; i α tungsiahi gke jt, where ca iCrner is possible to change the Hei'ehl-iJoj.ngiinge in order to eliminate previous minor position errors and / or mechanical tolerance errors, and with which one can easily create new numerical control programs and where a number of tool

machines 109887/0543 _BA do? .ig

can monitor machines at the same time.

The invention is to be explained in the following description with reference to the figures of the drawing, Show it:

Fig. IA and IB the control circuits for the X-axis of a A numerical setting control system constructed in accordance with the invention, wherein Fig.IB is the continuation of Fig.IA on the right Page and where dashed lines are used to represent stages that are omitted

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram showing devices used to control the transmission of digital command signals from a computer to the X and Y control circuits of a number of machine tools are provided

FIG. 3 shows a similar schematic representation as FIG. the devices for transferring the data from the control circuits of the machine to the computer represents

Fig. 4 is a schematic circuit diagram showing the details the X-axis synchronizing component of Fig.IB and which also represents the Shows circuitry which controls the X counter inhibit line of Figure IA and also the connections to a device for reading the

109887 / 0S43

absolute position for the X-axis,

Fig. 5 is a circuit diagram of a limit gate circuit which is used in the systems shown in Pig »IA and IB is,

6 is a circuit diagram showing the control system according to the invention,

Fig. 7 is an electrical circuit diagram showing the circuitry required to operate the X-axis and Y-axis zero detector relay is used, specifically the circuit diagram for the X-axis is shown

Fig. '8' is an electrical circuit diagram showing the details shows a relaxation oscillator circuit used in various parts

will,

9 is a circuit diagram showing the arrangement of various Seiais the plunger actuation solenoids shows, wherein means are provided to to dampen the noise development,

Fig.lO a circuit diagram showing part of the strip reading station represents

Fig.11 is a circuit diagram of various components of a System, which a periodically interrupted Allows operation of the computer and which enables the computer to use the servo control circuits to get in touch to perform various auxiliary functions and to finish

one

109887/0543

to determine a commanded movement and to determine the state of certain parts of the system during detect an interrupted cycle, Fig. 12 is a representation of a numerical control system, which is designed according to the invention,

with more than one control ion being provided and / or with more than one control panel for making the strip or tape is provided, it being shown that additional Controls or control consoles can be provided if so desired.

When operating the shown in Pig.IA and IB Circuits become digital command signals from memory

AC of computer 603 (FIG. 6) via line 130

fed. As can be seen from the reference numerals that are provided for the lines that are from the line 130 branch off are the input gates of the counting stages XLIl and XUIl with the output BACIl of component 201 (Fig. 2) of the computer output circuits 200 are connected. The entry gates for levels XLIl to XLO are through the block 203 shown in Fig. 2, and the entrance gates for the stages XUU, XUlO, XU9, XU8 and XUO are illustrated Fig ^ a represented by component 204, via connection BAClO of the computer is with the levels XLlO and XUlO connected, and the connector BAC9 is connected to XL9 and XU9

connected .

109887/0543

connected, and the connector BAC8 is connected to XL8 and XU8 connected, and the connections BAC7 to BACi are connected to the counter stages XL7, XL6, XL5, XL4, XL3, XL2 and XLl tied together. The computer's BACO connection is with that The input gate of the counter stage XLO and also with the input gate of the counter stage XUO, which are both in Fig. IB are shown «·

When the load-XL component 101 through the output of the Computer 201 (Fig. 2) is selected, the gates can 203 in Fig. 2 enter digital command signals from the computer into the XL counting stage "If the load-XU component 114 is selected, digital command data in the XU stages of FIG. 1 are entered.

If then a setting cycle is triggered, will an error signal at output 131 of the digital-analog-Ί / andl erstuf en 105 to 107 and this signal determines the direction and speed of operation of the X-axis servo drive ill. As shown in FIG. 1A the external outputs of the levels XLIi to XL6 connected via lines 141 to 146 to the inputs of the converter stages. The circuit is such that, when XLIl is free, the line 141 is kept at a voltage of 3 V to produce a

To generate an output voltage of 0 V. If on the other hand the counter stage XLIl is set, the 'off'

109887/0543

gang in line 142 at ground potential, and the Amplifier 151 leads opposite output line 131 a predetermined voltage increment. When this output voltage increment corresponds to the value of any unit, then the outputs of the amplifiers 152 - 158 the relative values of 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64 and 128.

The line 160, which leads to the input of the amplifier 157 of the converter stage 107, is connected to the output of the Inverter 512 (Pig. 5) connected. The line 161 leads to the input of the amplifier 138 of the wall stage 107 and is in connection with the set of output lines 162 of the counter stage XUO. When the level XUO is set

is, the line 161 is at a potential of -3 V, and the amplifier 158 does not contribute anything to the output voltage at 131 at. If, on the other hand, the counter XUO is free or reset, the output of the line is present 161 on the "./ert of the earth potential, and the amplifier 158 feeds a relative voltage increment of 128. It should be noted that connection 161 to the output set of the counter stage XUO differs from the connection of the lines 141 to 146 to the output connections of the Differentiated levels XLIl to XL6.

It should be noted that the amplifiers 157 and 158 of the converter stages 107 are switched in such a way that for high

109887/0543

positive counts above + 63 the relative output of the converter stages in line 131 on a relative

high Vert is held, for example above a limit value of +63. Between a count of +63 and -64, the output at 131 changes as a linear function of the count in the counting stages ,, For counts below -64, the output at 131 changes to kept an absolute value above the limit of about 64. It should also be noted that as the count increases in the counting M steps from +63 to +127, the output at 131 then continues to increase in a linear fashion. However, for a count of 128, the output at 131 drops to a value of +64. If the count continues to rise, the output at 131 again increases linearly up to a maximum value of 127. This fluctuation of the output at 131 continues when counting continues in the counting stages and rises as long as the counting stage XUO is free remains, thereby providing an A analog output of +128 which is substantially equal to the bias of -128 in relative units, and this is fed to amplifier component 109. If counting continues in the counting levels below -64, the analog output at 131 increases linearly in the negative direction up to a count of -128. ** With a count of -129, the output at 131 increases abruptly to -64. Another count in the negative direction leads to another

108887/0543 linear

176365Λ

linear change of the analog output voltage up to a count of -256. If the count is -257, the output at 131 again rises abruptly to -64. It should be noted that above a count of +63 and in the negative direction above a count of -64, the analog voltage at output 131 never drops below an absolute value of about 63 in relative units,

The envelope detector component 110 has an amplifier circuit 180 which is adjustable by means of two potentiometers 7-P1 and 7-P2, FIG Error value of zero remains around. A setting potentiometer DER component 110 can adjust a first comparator (comparator 700, Fig. 7) of the circuit 180 to allow a Ausgemg when ± corresponds i.mer the input potential of a count in the counter stages of less than +3, while the second setting potentiometer can set a second comparator (comparator 701, FIG. 7) in order to generate an output when the count in the counting stages is greater than -3. If both comparators 700 and 701 generate an output level, then liagt-fti · lählUÄg between +3 and -3. The normally open contacts 1Θ2 of relay 181 close an excitation circuit for one when they are closed

Relaxation oscillator (Oscillator 1108, Pig. II), dor such is set so that this only responds when the excitation circuit for a predetermined time interval, such as 100 milliseconds, remains closed. When counting in the counting stages for example for 100 milliseconds between +3 and -3 remains, and if the Y zero detector contact 1130 is closed during this time interval, so will the relaxation oscillator effective to the adjustment cycle to interrupt.

Because of the operation of the zero detector circuit, it is possible that the operation of the machine axis may be halted at a count which is different from zero and which is registered in the counting stages. the Counting that remains in the counting levels can determine whether this value is within the tolerance conditions the Veriszeuginmaschine lies, and together with others Adjustment increments, it is possible that the absolute "* Error of a later end point, based on a fixed reference point, is unacceptable. To this possibility precautions are taken on the computer to read the status of the counting levels, if the drive is stopped in one axis. The computer can be programmed in various ways to to address this problem. In the illustrated exemplary embodiment are precautions taken at the computer

109887/0543 ^u -

• to algebraically the remainder in the counting levels with a subsequent Command to combine a modified command signal to the control circuits, which the Corrected errors in previous settings.

For the purpose of determining the state of the counting stages after the drive of a machine axis has stopped, the counting stages have output lines 186 to 195 which continue from the output line set of stages XLiI to XL5j XLO, XUiI, XU8 and XUO. Similar output lines are provided for stages XL4, XL3, XL2, XLl, XUlO and XU9. The XL output lines, such as lines 185 to 192, lead to an XL reading gate component 104 which is controlled by an XL reading component 100. The XU reading gate component 108 receives the output lines such as 193 to 195 of the XU counting stage and is controlled by the reading XU component 113. As indicated by the reference numerals which are assigned to the output lines of the XL-AblesetorkompoEiite 104, the cable 197 leads to the connections ACI1 to ACO of the computer memory. The output lines of the XU-Ablesetorkompaente 108 (Fig.IB) leads to the connections ACIl, AClO, AC9, AC8 and ACO. The gates 104 and 108 operate in different cycles so that the computer can distinguish the ACII output of the gate 104 from the ACIL output of the gate 108, for example.

In

109887/0543

In the description above, various output lines, which are connected to the same port on the computer are given a reference number, which indicated this fact in particular that have Designations ACO to ACIl and BACO to BACIl have this meaning. Individual reference numbers have also been added to the corresponding ladders, the one more general have extensive designation · It is assumed that this will be understood by those skilled in the art the drawing is facilitated. The outputs of the XL and XU counting stages are denoted by the same reference numerals as are used for the corresponding counting stages. In Pig.IA- is the output line of the adjustment output connector the counting stage XLS with the reference sign XL5, while the output line from the "free" - Connection of the counting stage XL5 is designated with the symbol for the complement of XL5, namely XL5. Referring to FIG. 1A, it should be noted that line 191 is connected to a common connection point with the line XL5 of the Setting output of the counting stage XL5 is connected. Certain other lines were given a different name given and also a reference sign «It is for this purpose lines 160 and 161 at the lower-right end of the Fig. 1A-pointed.

109887/0543

Let Ss now be on the lower section of the Pig. IB reference taken. The output line 174 from amplifier 109 is connected to the input of the X-axis servo drive component 111, the mechanical output of which is indicated by the dashed line Line 198 is shown. The converter component 112 may be a photoelectric component, and a preamplifier may be provided to capture square wave signals the output lines MlX and M2X. to feed which lead to synchronizer 117. The synchronizer component switches the line acting as compliant of XM (XM) is called when the transducer rotates in one direction and switches the line, called the complement is denoted by XP (XP), A \ r when the transducer rotates in the opposite seal. The synchronizer 117 carries an X clock pulse on line 199 for every increment of rotation of the transducer 112. For example For example, the transducer may be mechanically coupled to output shaft 198 such that an X clock pulse for each Increment of rotation is generated, which corresponds to a linear displacement in the machine axis of 0.001 inches. The X clock pulses are fed from the synchronizer to the input of the counter stage XLIi, which is designed in such a way that that each clock pulse causes the counter stage to change its state. The additional stage XLiI works in this way a binary level when the line XM is switched

is, the counting levels count in the positive or addi- tion judgment. On the other hand, if the line XP is

■ switches 109887/0543 1 "^ -

- 15 - V. ■■■■■■

is switched, the setting output of each counting level is connected to the next following counting level, so that the counting stages in the downward direction or in the Count in the minus direction or in the subtraction direction.

The X holding component 115 causes the synchronizer 117 to interrupt the X clock pulse supply for a sufficient period of time to ensure that the counting levels can be queried by the computer. However, the holding interval A, which is introduced by the operation of component 115 is sufficiently short, so that any feedback pulse signal from the transducer 112, which might occur during this interval would be blocked only for a part of its duration. Even if a slight movement of the feedback transducer was to occur during the hold interval, the count in the counting stages could reflect such a movement. Y / more details of the X-hold operation

are to be found in Fig. 4 and are still to be described will.

After the computer has determined the status of the counting stages, essentially the machine axes stand still, the computer activates the XL-free component 102 and the XU free component 116 to increase the counter to reset a zero value in preparation for the transmission of a new digital remote sign "

if 1Q9887A0543

If, however, the reading of the counter gives an error which exceeds the tolerance value, the computer can be programmed to delay resetting or releasing the counter and to allow the servo drive to be operated for an additional interval.

In Fig. 2, the BAG output line 130 is shown as that this leads to the input lines 221 to 232 of the gate circuit 203. The same reference numbers are used also used in Figures IA and IB for comparison to facilitate these figures. The input lines to 227, which are shown in Fig.IA, are also denoted by the reference characters BACIl to BAC5 to indicate that these lines are connected via a cable 130 to the connections BACH to BAC5 of the component 201 in FIG are connected. In the same way, the line 232 in i ^ igtlB is also provided with the reference symbol BACO, this is the port to which the line in component 201 is connected. The input line for gate circuit 204 in Figure 2 is denoted by the reference numerals 241 to 245 and this leads to the connections BACH, BAClO, BAC9, BAC8 and BACO. The cable 130 can connect to the component 203 lead, and another cable, as it is shown for example at 130a, can from the component 203 to Circuit component 204 lead, while the cable 130b

1 (^ 817/0543 , -, o \ xW:

from the component 204 to the component 205, and the cable 130c from the component 205 to the component 206, and the cable 130d to a further component of a second machine tool. _O be by operation of the components 203, 204, 205, 206 and subsequently to the corresponding component in an order, a desired number of components to the terminals bagii to BACO of the component 201. The lines 251 to 262 of gate 205 are connected to the lines BAGIl to BACO of the component 201, and the lines 271 to 273 of the component are connected to the connections BACIl and BAQO and BACO of the component 201 *

In general, the BMB-I cable 280 of the computer 201 or the two multi-conductor cables shown at 280 can contain at least twelve wires. Lines 281 through 284 may be the connections of any of six pairs of lines of cable 280 for component IQi _r . 114, 207 and 208 represent. The computer's memory buffer register can have bits 3-8 connected to the binary 1 and binary 0 outputs and connected to component 201, and cable 280 can be connected to terminals MB3 (l) to MB8 (l) and MB3 ( θ) to 'MBS (θ) of component 201 must be connected «The corresponding outputs of component 201 are BMB3 (1) to BMBS (1) and BMB3 (0) to BMB8 (0).

103087/0543 Ea

Note that for the selectors, the middle of two digits of the code digits of the selectors is used to display the complement of the BMB selection »The final digit indicates whether a 10Ti, 10T2 or 10T4 pulse is being supplied will. The initial six in the code indicates a singing output selection signal at. The selector 101 with a code of 6724 is for a BUJ cable 280 through a Select code of 72 addressed with the last digit being 4 indicating that a 10T4 signal is being transmitted, Takes as the selection code for component 101, for example 72 (octal), the following connections are connected to component 101 via cable 281: BMB3 (0),

BIvIB4 (0), BMB5 (0) and BMB6 (i), BMB7 (0) and BkB8 (l). As a further example, note that if the code for component 114 is 73 (octal), then cable 232 is connected to the following connectors: BMB3 (0), BMB4 (0), BMB5 (0) and BMB6 (l ), BMB7 (0), BMB8 (o). It will be understood that any number of additional device selectors can be determined by two digit-octal codes, up to 83 in decimal divisions. The operation of each selector component such as 101, 114, 207, 208 in FIG. 2 and 101, 113, 302 and 303 in FIG. 3 will be explained in the following description.

In Fig. 2, branch lines are designated 285-288 and these lead from the IOP cable 290 to the

109837 / 0S4)

■ ■■ - 19 - ■. .

Selectors 101, 114, 207th and 208, The cable 290 is with to the. Output of an IOP- ^ eneratorkomponeiite 291 of the computer connected, and the cable 290 can be three wires have the corresponding pulses IOP1, I0P2 and I0P4 result, "When the selector components are turned on are who the corresponding IOP pulses as IOT control pulses converted. The positive or negative version any of these successive regenerated pulses Ϊ0Τ1, 10T2 or I0T4 can be transmitted via output lines as shown at 291-294 in Fig. 2, ... ', ....

it. ■.

In Fig. 3, 197 generally denotes the cable, which is located between the memory connections ACIl to ACO of the computer and the door components 104, 108,

300 and 301 .stretch »As referring to the cable 130- illustrated, the cable 197 can be a multi-conductor cable be, for example, a connection from the component

301 to the computer to establish a 'connection between the components 300 and 301 and to connect the components 108 and 300 and to the components 104 and 108 to connect. Multiple lengths of cable can be used the gate circuit 104 with gate components for other axes or for the axes of other machines connect, or it 'can have separate buffers together with a separate Cable should be provided »which is directly disconnected from the computer *

directs 10 9887 / OS U _:. ,

ORIGINAL

as it goes without saying for an average specialist is.

In Fig. 3, the lines from the components 104, 108, 300 and 301, denoted by the reference numerals 321-332, 341-345, 351-362 and 371-373. The reference signs 321-327, 332 and 341, 344 and 345 were used for the corresponding leads in Figures IA and IB. The lines 321-332 are with the connections ACiI to ACO of the computer, lines 341-344 are connected to terminals ACIi to AC8, line 345 is connected to the connection ACO, and the lines 351-362 are connected to the connections AClI to ACO, and lines 371 and 372 to terminals ACIl and ACO, and line 373 is to the terminal ACO connected.

The structure and the mode of operation of the lines 385-388 and the lines 391-394 in FIG. 3 are based on a corresponding one Discussion of lines 285-288 and lines 291-294 of Figure 2 emerge.

In the illustration in FIG. 4, lines MIX and M2X fed from digital feedback converter 112 in FIG Fig.IB come in phase by 90 °. Square waves on. It's the puncture of the synchronizing circuit

109887 / OS 4 3 the _BAD origi

to excite the output line XM (complement) for one direction of rotation of the converter, and to switch on the output line XP (complement) for the opposite direction of rotation of the converter in the other direction of rotation of the converter, the input at MlX leads the input at M2X by 90. When a positive signal first appears on line 420 in a cycle of operation, gates 421 and 422 are switched. A signal that then becomes positive is fed at 423 via a line 424 to the pulse input of the gate 421, and a signal that becomes negative at the input of the pulse amplifier 404 generates a positive pulse in a line 425 which leads to the gate circuit 426. The gate 426 is switched when the flip-flop circuit is free 407 and a negative pulse is transmitted to the input to set the flip-flop 406, whereby these flip-flop is set or switched. The result is a negative output signal on line 427, which is used to switch off gate circuit 428 at the input of flip-flop circuit 407. The negative voltage at the input of the driver amplifier results in an output voltage appearing on the line which is connected to the line XM (complement). The setting of the flip-flop circuit 408 generates a signal that becomes positive in the output circuit 431 _s which leads to MOE gate 4.10 , which results in a negative werini-or FuIa.-den Toryoh -.- iifcirnvfi :. Ill ηηύ, Ii: ¹ , ^ m. ^ IHhVI ^

1 Was? / ^ II 'UM ,

When the flip-flop 413 is set, the. Output line 432 has a negative signal, and thereby the gate circuit pnUl and 412 are switched on. The gates 411 and 412 transmit a positive signal to the oscillating oscillator components 414 and 415. When the oscillator 414 emits a positive output signal after a delay of 27 microseconds, while the component 415 emits a jib positive output signal after a delay of 32 seconds outputs, a clock pulse with a duration of ό microseconds is fed to the output line 199 as a result. When the output of component 415 goes positive, it serves to switch flip-flop 406, thereby turning off line XM (complement), and a negative signal is fed to line 431 and this is via gates 410, 411 in order to switch off the oscillator 414 and to provide this circuit again for a further cycle «

V. ^r is now the negative-going portion hen the shaft at the negative-going portion of the 7 / elle precedes at 423, the gate circuits are connected in 441 and 442, and the negative-going wave at 423 is transmitted through an inverter 403 as a positive pulse, and this leads to a negative viürtlerule-i pulse 'aii Aus j, üi \ ι der Torsioiia Llung 441. L ¹ .U; , Vh ^ aigslei tung XM (l £ om-P-Li-: - io ut) lead. i- * fc continue u iu ^ e ^ c hai fcet, and this be ~

1 «J 9 (S BV / lM> k 3

acts that the counting chain shown in Fig.JJk and IB adds or. counts up. Operation of this Circuitry continues as long as converter component 112 in FIG. 1B moves in the same direction turns.

If the direction of rotation of the converter is reversed, so the wave at 423 becomes opposite the ground potential positive and runs 90 ahead of the number at 420, as a result of which gates 451 and 452 are switched. That afterwards be positive pulse signal of the wave at is transmitted via gate 452 as a negative pulse, whereby a pulse amplifier 405 is triggered, and this is used to set the flip-flop 407. This means, that line 453 goes negative to turn on line XP ■■ (complement) ", and thereby becomes counted down in the counter. At the same time that will positive signal or the earth potential signal of the conductor 455 through the gate 410 and the gate circuits. 411 and 412 to the oscillators 414 and 415 to switch to generate another clock pulse on the line. In the next half-cycle of waves at 420 and 423, the gate circuits 4ül and 402 by the Inverter component 403 switched., And the flip-flop 407. is turned back on for one more bar in line 199 to generate.

To the

10 9887 / 0S43

For explanation, a representation of the X-axis Y / andlerkomponente 112 was provided in the representation of the synchronizing component in Fig. 4, which emit the MIX and M2X pulses or waves. The transducer also generates a pulse MLX for each complete revolution at a predetermined point «These revolution marking pulses IiLS. are fed to the input of inverters 416 and 417 via a line 440. The output of the trigger circuit 419 normally has the value of the ground potential in order to switch the gate circuit at the input of the flip-flop 418, so that the pulses of the inverter 417 are transmitted to set the input of the flip-flop to set this flip-flop in to hold a set state. However, when the slide of the machine tool reaches the right end position of its trajectory along the X-axis, the right limit switch 441 is closed and remains closed when the slide continues its movement to the right. This will produce a negative output on trigger 419 and block the MLX pulses and enable the flip-flop. This has the result that a negative potential occurs at the output of the gate circuit 436, and as a result the input gate circuits in lines 119 and 119a, which lead to the first counting stage XLII in FIG. 1A, are switched off. The X counter blocking line is denoted by 445 in FIG. IA and FIG. If the counter 1140 is switched to the position for manual operation

109887/0543 switched

is switched, so is the output of the trigger circuit

434 a negative signal, and the output of the inverter

435 is the fourth of the earth potential, and the output lead 445 has a negative counter blocking potential, regardless of the state of the right limit switch 441. This circuit shows the manner in which precautions can be taken and the machine tool to be controlled manually.

If the counting has been blocked by actuating the right limit switch 441, the counting can start again after the slide opens the limit switch and the first marking pulse MLX is received became. It is not provided in the program that the carriage moves to its end position, so that the limit switch 441 in correct operation and in the correct execution of a program is not closed.

In Figure 5, components 500-504 form a NAND gate negative input and a positive input NOR gate, and the same is true of components 506-511. The sets of the outputs of the counter stages XU8 to XUiI and XLO to XL5 are connected to a gate circuit, while the complements, the reset outputs of the same counting stages together with the reset outputs of the counting stage XUO with that in Fig. 5 on the

. ■■ 109887 / 0.643 right

are connected to the gate circuit shown on the right. A study of the gate arrangement shows that a certain operation is possible with this gate circuit arrangement. Located for a high positive count the counter stage XUO is in a free state, and this results in a negative input at the gate circuit BIO generated while one or more of the other inputs to the gate circuits äO6 - 511 are at ground potential, and this corresponds to a set state of the assigned counting stages. The gate circuit 511 acts as a Gate with positive or ground potential input and generates a negative voltage at the input of the gate circuit 512. If the counting stage XUO is free or reset, see below the output of XUO has the value of the ground potential, namely at the input of the gate circuit 505, and thereby becomes a negative signal at the output of the gate circuit 505 is generated. i) it generates negative input to gate circuit 512 an output of earth potential, and this potential is fed to the amplifier 157, and thereby can the amplifier generate an analog voltage increment which has a relative value of +64. Even if each of the stages XLIl to XL6 is free, the output 131 of the converter stage is always at least at the Value of +64, where the output of amplifier 151 is taken as the relative V / ert of the unit.

If the count in the counter is +63 or less, so all counting levels above XL6 are free and generate

1 098-87 / 0S4 3 ^elnea

a negative output that the gates 506-5ii is fed. A ground potential voltage is therefore fed to the gate circuit 512, and a negative voltage is emitted by the gate circuit U12 and is used to switch over the converter stage 157.

when the count in the counter reaches -1, that increases Counting stage XUO to a free position, and there is a voltage in the order of magnitude of the Srdpotentials to the Gate 510 is released and it becomes a negative voltage from gate 511. Since all stages above XL6 are set, there is a negative voltage at the input each gate circuit 500 - 504 available, and this leads to a ground potential voltage generated by the gate circuit 504 is output, and to a negative voltage output from the gate circuit 505, ^ ie negative voltage, which is fed to the gate 512, leads to a voltage with the value of the ground potential, which the gate .312 outputs, whereby the converter stage 157 is switched in turn.

When the count levels have a negative value above -64, one or more of the counting levels above XL6 are free and there is a ground potential one of the gate circuits 500-504 supplied, and this leads to a negative output signal at the gate circuit 504, The output of XUO is also negative,

and

109887/0543

and this produces a ground signal on the gate 505 and a negative output signal from the gate circuit 512, and this leads to the converter stage being switched off 157

Reference is now made to FIG. The computer 603 has a first stored program which it enables numerical command input data to be interpreted that originate from components 600 and 601, and which also enables this data to be transmitted via connection channels, as they are generally designated as 620 and 621, the upper and lower stages of the X-axis and feed Y-axis counting chains. Once these digital command signals the digital servo loops are supplied, generally designated 622 and 623 these servo loops are able to work independently, initially with the corresponding Machine tool axes 605 and 607 at relatively high speed to the commanded end positions be moved towards. When the corresponding axes are approximately 0.063 inches from the endpoints, for example, the Digital-to-analog converter stages shown in Pig.JA are, a proportional analog error signal, and the machine axes become according to the decrease in size of the analog error signal is progressively slowed down. The linear range of the converter stage error signal as

109887/05 * 3 function

Puncture of the count is such that an overshoot of, for example, 0.063 inches is not possible without solving the control of the axes. As soon as both axes are in the Remain in the vicinity of the endpoint for the required time, share the zero detector components such as the X-axis zero detector 110 in Fig.lB, the computer for example via the channel 627, the component 628 and the channel 629 this with. Other operations of the computer 603 can be interrupted by means of an interrupt signal from the component 628, wherein the computer the axis hold component, such as the component 1-15 in Pig.IB, switches on and reads the corresponding counter chains. The saved The program can result in the reading of the counter chains being combined with the new instruction in this way that any tolerance error will be compensated that occurred in the previous setting cycle. For example, if the previous Cycle the X-axis moved one count too far in the positive direction and when the next instruction provides for a positive movement, this one can Count will be subtracted from the new command signal and the result will be entered in the X-axis count chain im next cycle entered.

If both axes correspond in their End positions have approximated fairly closely to the

109887 / 054-3

associated zero detector circuits to operate, so the computer 603 is thereof, for example, via the line channels 627, 628, 629 and 631, 628, 629. The computer is then able to determine if a Actuation, punching or a tool exchange carried out or whether another operation is initiated before a new adjustment cycle takes place. Such As shown in FIGS. 9 and 11, commands can be transmitted.

The computer may have another program stored for the console 602 to generate new programs can be simultaneously with the control of the machine tool. This second saved program can make the creation of new programs much easier, for example to automatically generate a Obtain a series of block numbers in order to store blocks one after the other without putting them in a recording strip must be punched, the operator being shown when he is ejecting the Part of the workpiece. While the created program is stored in the memory of the computer parts of the program can be transferred back to the console 602 to modify and check the program if necessary, and the computer can also Perform arithmetic tests and the like. If desired, the operator can then eat

computer

109887/0643

Set the computer to generate it numeric control program reads from memory and the program on a punched tape or the like transmits. It has been found in practice that a program stored in the computer during preparation a numerical control program the production of this program is accelerated quite considerably.

Reference is now made to FIG. Fig. 7 shows the circuit used for the zero detector component 110 in Figure IB. The potentiometers 7Pl and 7P2 are set to allow relay 131 to operate on input voltages at 703 that are certain positive and have certain negative fourths. To set this potentiometer, a signal of the threshold value, which corresponds to the plus or minus counting limit, supplied at 703, and an oscilloscope is then connected to test points 704 or 705. The assigned potentiometer 7Pl or 7P2 is then adjusted until the signal is on shifted the test points between a relative positive potential and a relative negative potential is. A manual adjustment of the potentiometer in the vicinity of the correct setting, namely a Moving the potentiometer forwards and backwards causes the output at the test points between the both potential levels oscillates, and the potentiometer can be adjusted to the critical value in this way

will «

. ■ 109887701543

that meets the threshold.As referring to described on Fig. IB, when both comparators 700 and 701 output a switching output value, the relay 181 energizes, indicating that the error count is between the desired plus and minus values, for example between +3 and -3.

Reference is now made to FIG. Fig. 8 shows an embodiment of a circuit for a relaxation oscillator or for the relaxation oscillator 1108 in FIG Fig.il. The oscillators 414 and 415 in FIG. 4 have similar circuits, but with the components 8-R9, 8-R10, 8-C2 and 8-C3 are designed such that the desired time constants for the respective circles can be obtained. The relaxation oscillator 1108 can do so be constructed so that this generates a delay of, for example, lüü milliseconds in order to respond in the event that the contacts 182 and 1130 (Fig.11) of the X and Y zero detector relays 181 and 1107 be closed immediately.

Reference is now made to FIG. In Fig. 9, U-relay circuits are shown and a push button 922 is provided to switch the voltage on. A push button 923 is also provided for switching off the voltage. Another push button is shown at 924 and this controls the locking of the relay 9-PM ₁

by

109887/0543

through which the stamp movement is controlled. A Another push button 925 is used to switch off the stamp movement. The computer can apply a switching voltage to the Release line 930 'to energize relay 9-K2, which controls the energization of steroid solenoid 915.

It was deemed necessary to have arc extinguishers and to provide damping circuits, such as those for example shown in Oli, 919, 920, 907, 912, 913, 916 and 917

in order to suppress the generation of noises which may adversely affect the accuracy and reliability of the adjustment operations. Precautions have also been taken to shield critical signal lines, for example from those that can act inductively, and all precautions have been taken to avoid mutual electrical interference between these lines » Λ

Reference is now made to FIG. Fig. 10 shows Details of the tape reading station tJOl, which is shown in Fig. 6 is. A toilet of this circuit has; Lines 1031-1036, which in a lüatmrer way with circuits are connected in the tape reader 600, these circuits' for example} as a "0V" channel, from which the Loohpulse .von den Tramjpor tinny are tapped, and. fenier as "run channel, stop channel, Forward movement channel "and as" running channel, sbopp channel

1098 87 / .OSA3 left! & Bad

Reverse channel "and as" grounding channel "as" data channel 8 " and referred to as "data channel 7". The data channels 6-1 of the tape reader can be connected to circuits that correspond to the circuits 1022, 1015 and I0o7 correspond to those assigned to data channel 8 are to transfer data to the computer via lines 1041 for data channel 8 and 1042 for data channel 7 to feed. Lines 1043 and 1044 are connected to program interrupt line 1120 (FIG. 11) and the Line 1121 (Fig.Ii) of the computer connected. if a line of data has been entered into the register comprising components 1015 and 1016 the reading flip-flop circuit 1014 is normally of this type set an interrupt signal to the computer. The computer speaks to that Interrupt signal on completion of one piece of information and stores the digits of the next piece of information at a predetermined storage gallery, and also provides the computer determines the reason for the interrupt signal. The computer can operate the selector components 1008 - address iülO. The negative 10T1 pulse signal in the output line of component 1008 is used to tell the computer the state of the flip-flop circuit 1014 display. The negative 10T2 pulse of the Component 1010 iliüiit to the itoihe dor gates, like for example to remove 1007. The information that in the corresponding management of the registers, as in both

for example

109887/0543

ORIGINAL BATHROOM,

for example 1015 and 1016, is stored by Computer included, if the -flip-flop shows 1014, that new information is available (about the Leituiig 1044). The positive pulse I0T2 of component 1010 can be delivered to line I0T2 to enable or set flip-flop 1014. The I0TI2 line can be used with the connection AL of a commercially available Module W 103 must be connected. The pulse that becomes positive I0T4 of component 1009 is used to register components 1015 and 1016 and to ensure that that the flip-flop coraponent 1014 is reset will. The FuIs also serves to start the flip-flop 1000 to be released or deferred, and the Set flip-flop 1013. A trip voltage becomes then fed to line 1032 to the tape reader ■ to put it back into operation, which then transmits another data line, and it becomes another hole punch fenpulse. the line 1031 supplied, which is used to set the flip-flop 1013 again and is used to the Flip-Flop '10.14 to adjust again and the cycle to wieuerlioleu "

Reference is now made to FIG. 11. Fig. 11 shows the manner in which the computer can be controlled to cyclically scan underbreads. A transformer 1117 can supply an alternating current from the local no-t / _1, for example, an alternating current of 60 Ha, to the clock generator 1112 and this serves to flip the

109887 / 0S43 ElMz ■ bad

Flop circuit 1113 to switch sixty times per second. The switching output of the flip-flop circuit 1113 is then the computer through an inverter 1103 and a line 1120 to interrupt the computer. Of the Computer then executes the information, stores the address of the next information of the regular program in memory and continues the various flip-flops sample, such as the flip-flop circuit 1113 in Figure 11 and the flip-flop circuit 1014 in Fig. 10.

The type and V / else in which the state of the various Flii-i-flop circuits is input to the computer when an interrupt signal s is explained using the example of the flip-flop 1114., Y / fa Uuterbrechungssignal is obtained, the computer can make reading selection circuits, such as circuits 1111 and 1112, and these circuits can turn on gates, such as gates 1110 and 1119, to display the state of twelve different flip-flops, for example via computer input cable 197 (Fig. 3) transferred to. The line 1122 at the output of the gate circuit 1105 can, for example, lead to the connection AC4 of the memory of the computer.

The free or reset output of FJ.ip-flop 1113 can partially switch the gate circuit 1119 when the flip-flop is reset. If the selector is 1118

by

109887/0543

BATH ORIGINAL

selected by the computer via the BMB cable 280 causes the I0T1 pulse, which has a negative polarity and which is fed to gate 119 from selector 1118, that a positive pulse from the output of the gate circuit 1119 into computer 603 via line 1121 is transmitted * The word with 12 bits that is on this Manner is transferred to the accumulator, is compared with the previously transferred word, which in,

■■■■. - '■■■' ■■■■■ .. ■■■.; ■■ β

Computer, but subtracting one word from the other. If the result is zero, then the state has not changed «. If the result has a certain other value, the computer knows with the help of the various previously ' certain binary digits, which of the flip-flops one Reports change of state. In the example shown it is the flip-flp 1114.

As soon as the computer responds to the interruption, ™

for example, the completion of a positional movement by the flip-flop 935 in Fig. 9, which the Solenoid 915 controls in Fig.9, the computer can resume normal operation by the next Information point is transferred from the memory and this information is then processed indom.

The way in which the computer; operations of the System according to input commands is

109887 / ÖS43

if shown in Fig.11. The output cable 130 of the Component 201 in Fig.2 has a connection with a Input gate of flip-flop 1114 and open to the input of side-wet flip-flop 1106. For example, the BAC4 connection to your port connected to the Flip-flop 1114 leads, and the connection BAC7 can be connected to the Be connected gate, which leads to the setting input of the flip-flop 1106. If the associated register in the computer emits a switching signal at terminal ÖAC4, and the selector circuit, such as circuit 1109 and 1110, is operated, the flip-flop 1114 is set, uttd ground potential occurs at output 114Q.

When contact 182 of X-axis zero detector relay 181 and contact 1130 of Y-axis zero detector relay 1107 closed simultaneously for the required time interval the oscillator component becomes 1108 effective to reset flip-flop 1114. This new state of flip-flop 1114 is then recorded by the computer during the next interruption cycle .determined »

The computer can also provide a switching potential at the connection BAC7 and then press the selector 1109 to to energize the flip-flop IIOG, which the solenoid 11-K3 controls. The relay 11-K3 is by means of a resistor 1131 ge-Hhunted, which has a value of 100 ohms and iiiil-lols of a capacitor 1132 that has a value of 1 microfarad, these parts being in series.

109817/0643 ** bad CRiGiNAL

A diode 1133 is also provided for shunt maintenance, to generate a noise level in the to exclude critical components of the system.

A manually operated switch is shown at 1140 and has three positions, "uanuell", "step" and ¹¹ automat! When the selector switch 1140 is in the manual position, a manual switch 1141 is actuated to energize the relay 11-K3. The circuit in FIG. 11 is sufficient to show those skilled in the art how the Circuit can receive command signals from the computer or manual commands from the operator of the machine tool. The components in Pig Forner parts have such as ″ for example the selector 115, which is shown in the upper right corner of FIG.

12 shows a numerical control system in which a digital computer 1200 with a stored program, such as the Digital Equipment Corporation ΡΰΡ-8 or PDP-SS computer, operates a number of machine tools, such as the machine tool system, which is controlled by the components 1201 1210 is shown, and the ViFerkzeugmaschinensystem, which is shown by the components 1221-1230 109887/0543 baöG ^ inM. is.

is. The computer 1200 can also operate a first console 1231 in the normal manner.

Fig.12 also shows how a second console 1232 by the computer 1200 can be operated with the help of the selector holder 1233. The console 1232 can be included in the stations polled by computer 1200 during each communication cycle den, and the computer can connect to the console 1232 by actuating the selector 1233 when imiaer this console requires actuation or control power.

Fig.12 shows the extraordinary flexibility of the numerical control system. For example, additional machines or consoles can be added to the system

should this be necessary. The following Tables C1 and C2 show the computer operation to compensate for successive commands for any previous setup errors.

(Tabel)

109887 / 0S43 bad original

Table Cl - X-axis (positive error)

Error 0 10 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0: 0000 0 +2

New movement 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0: 00000 +16

Addition filer 0 1 0 0 0 0 0, 0 0 0 0 0 and new movement 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 carry

for lower X-axis 0 10 0 10 0 0 0000 (θ) +18

Upper error 0 0 0 0 0

. + Carry over p

0 0 0 0 0

Add the upper new movement 0 0 0 0 0 + X-axis to the error transfer * 0 0 0 0 0 total ° ° ° ° °

new corrected OlüOlOOOOOOO / OOOOO +18

Move

109887/05 A 3

Table C2 - X-axis (negative error )

Error 011111111111: iilll '-2

new movement 000010000000: 0 0 000 +16

Add errors Olililllllil carry

+ new movement 0000100 00000 (l)

for the
X axis lower 0 1 1 1 00000000 Add up upper 1 1 1 1 1 failure 1 + transfer O 0 0 0 "0

itdd the new 0 0 0 0 0

Movement for the Q ο ο OQ
upper X-axis 0 0 0 0 0

Kur error transfer ssuinme

new corri- OlliOOOOOOOO / OOÖOO + 14

yawed motion

109887/0543

_ 43 -

".cgen of the low cost and the great versatility of the system, the system is particularly suitable for small plants, such as branches of industry that in the field of metal production or machining work. Metalworking companies are faced with the need to ■ buy a machine tool, a numerical control, a device for producing the control bands of a program, and others Additional equipment. The shutdown times for the machine are determined by the applications of common numerical controls quite significantly diminished, though the relationship between actual hours and tape manufacture and the review of the tape is still inadequate was.

"Some of the main advantages of the invention Computer control / stems are listed below will:

(l) The computer control is combined in one unit. The necessities are eliminated, outside to use equipment lying on this unit. Immediately after delivery, this unit can be ■ ordinary personnel without special training.

iäi

10-9887 / 0543

(2) Computer control is cheap considering the cost and compares the services with the auxiliary facilities, used for tape production and verification equipment, for example the computer control extremely cheap. It is still the essential feature is that an additional flexibility of the DigitaKJomputer is given is.

(3) The computer control can perform two or more operations at once. Because the computer at the same time can work and control, the computer can, for example, control a press while a programmer enter data into the computer at the same time to create another program.

(4) The control has the double EIA / ASCII option. For example, data in ASCII code can be included in the

^ Control can be entered, and automatically become one

EIA-coded punched tape can be converted. Ticker tape, made in any code can be read and used by the controller to generate the digital command signals for the servo system.

(5) Parts can be used arbitrarily using either inclines or absolute dimensions

109887/0543 ASi ^ ₀ original

■. ■■■■ - 45 -. ; ■ ■ ■ -ν -

or a combination of "both" incircle data and absolute data can be fed to the computer control will. These data are automatically entered into any Converted input data required by the machine. «The control system calculates automatically all positional data both in step dimensions and in absolute dimensions. and converts and prints them a copy of the same data as a program record, if everyone

Block is identified separately. ^

(6) When generating numerical control programs, the data input from the computer console enables programming to be carried out at least twice as fast as is possible with other commercially available punched tape production devices. The flexibility of the digital computer combined with a simplified input enables programming to be done twice * as quickly. All the usual operations advertising% the programmed automatically. Errors found are corrected electronically without damaging the tape and this continues to save time.

• saves »

(7) This control improves machine speed and accuracy. A combination of Steiierungjsmerkiaaleji. allowed. a greater acceleration ₉

a 109887 / 0S43

greater deceleration and also better monitoring, which increases both the speed and let the accuracy improve »

(8) The controller can be programmed to prevent errors can be established, and the computer can be expanded that he himself supervises the program. To this The control is automatically monitored, and possible errors are eliminated and there are printed programs delivered to the Konsob, and on in this way, repair work can be facilitated. The controller performs the function of a solid-state digital computer by and a numerical control, which is designed in solid state construction. - ^ he control performs all functions of tape punching systems. It huge time savings can be achieved.

The computer itself is a digital computer that is technical not out of date, and this computer can easily be programmed to take advantage of newer ones To be able to perceive technology and to be able to carry out new functions. The controls still bring the Possibility with it that it can be used to operate several machines, each machine manufactures another part, as shown in Fig.12, or the machine can be equipped with additional tape or Lochs precaution division mechanisms are used,

BAD ORiGiNAL 1Ö9887 / QS43

all working at the same time, as is also shown in Figure 12. O ± e control can also be used to operate a large number of machines and to operate several punched tape production stations at the same time, as is also shown in Pig, 12. An additional console and / or additional servo ■ systeiae can, if necessary, be provided

i'at meets requirements

109887/0543

Claims (9)

Claims (l.) Numerical recruitment control system, labeled by a digital computer which is designed for stored programs and which has a console which is in communication with the computer, wherein a first stored program is provided and wherein a automatic input for coded information is provided to numerical position command data and wherein a second controlled program is provided, and wherein VverkzeugmascMineneinstellungseinrichtuugen are provided that are connected to the digital computer to receive digital signals according to the numerical control command data and to execute the commands specified in contained in the data, in accordance with the digital signals. 2. System according to claim 1, characterized in that the computer for simultaneous operation of the Console and the input devices for the coded recording devices is designed, 3. System according to claim 1, characterized in that the Console in conjunction with the first saved program in making coded records for a subsequent entry in the input is effective, 109887/0 54 3 _{4 #} bad original 4. System according to claim 1, characterized in that the Computer in conjunction with the first stored program is effective to provide both incremental positional data and absolute numerical adjustment data and to convert this data into coded signals which are effective for the adjustment devices to operate for the remote machine tool. 5. System according to claim 1, characterized in that the Setting devices for the machine tool several Control axes of a large number of machine tools » 6> System according to claim 1, characterized in that the Settings for the machine tool Control the selection of a tool which is brought into a working position from a tool supply, namely according to digital signals coming from the computer. 7. System according to claim 1-, characterized in that several consoles are provided for the simultaneous production of several programs, 8 »Numerical adjustment control system, characterized by a computer having a stored program to issue control commands, a closed digital servo loop for a V {irkae ^! J ^! piiiitichirie _} around a machine axis of the tool gamdti the ■ position commands 109887/0543 _.//■_ ^ eJjtaisteilen ^ set that are supplied in digital form, aad a switching device for the machine setting, the connected to the computer to read the command data from this to be received by the digital servo is connected »to digital command data of the ü to supply digital servo device, so that these successive $ ins $ ellungsyorggang on the machine axis according to the command data. 9. System according to claim 8, characterized, gekeijmzeiehnet that the digital Servpanlage has digital counter ^ uh a. To generate analog counter signals and to respond to digital feedback signals that represent the movements of the machine axis in order to trigger the error signal. 0, system according to claim $ _f dadurel ?, characterized in that the digital counters are effective to rivet a command which corresponds to the maximum movement of the machine axis in each of two directions, in a single data transmission, BAD ORfGfNAL Empty soap