DE1763626C - Speed-regulating auxiliary system - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a speed wedge-regulating drive system with a drive mechanism, an abrasive element, an eddy current clutch with excitation winding for optional coupling of the abrasion with the Anirich member, one Eddy current brake with excitation winding / um optionally Braking the abrasive member. an execution / to generate a feedback signal whose amplitude is a hindrance to the instantaneous speed of the abrasive limb, an execution / in order to generate a diffraction signal whose The amplitude represents a preselected moment-length wedge of the abtrial member at any moment, a facility / to excite the Kuppkings-

»5 winding as a function of the algebraic difference / / wipe the reference and feedback signals and means for energizing the brake winding in inverse dependence on the algebraic difference / between the reference and

3 "the feedback signal

Hin such z. B from the critical patent specification Ci (H 241 known drive system used to generate of the feedback signal a tachogenerator connected to the shaft of the output member, the one of the respective speed of the Ahiriebsgliedes emits corresponding electrical signal. This electrical signal is associated with a die each desired speed of the output member pending setpoint signal compared, and the Difference / between the two signals depending on the sign / to accelerate or decelerate the Abrasion link benul / l. So should the abrasive link are accelerated more strongly, the au- feedback and setpoint signal is derived DilTeren / signal

Ί. "Fed to the eddy current clutch, which makes it stronger engages and the output link with the respective drive link with even less slip / wipe both connects. If, on the other hand, the output member is to be braked, this becomes the feedback signal and Setpoint signal formed DilTeren / signal due to its different sign now to the eddy current brake given, which thus responds depending on the size of this dilution / signal and a more or less strong one \ decelerates the output link

Another similar drive system is known from the British patent ^{specification ι} ) 4Κ ⁽ ΜΙ, in which two prevent a drive member with a driven member with different directions of rotation! · .: electrical couplings are provided, each

<> "According to the sense of rotation of the driven link, the one clutch to accelerate and the other clutch / to brake the .Ahiriebsgliedes are used be able. Also in this known arrangement tlie two clutches a result of the difference

^r '. ^r ) signal of a feedback signal and a target signal derived .Steuersignal that causes acceleration or braking of the output member. In addition to these two electrical coupling

The known arrangement has one Another brake with which the output link can be blocked. This additional, also electrically and the brake to be switched off becomes that Ahtriehsglicd blocking position always only diinti. "> resolved when both the two Clutches as well as the electrical .Control circuits controlling them is established.

From the USA.-Palentschrift 2,636,138 isi finally a arbeilendes similarly drive \ o svstem fiir c.ne press known, which has an additional electromagnetically betäliiibare friction brake manually switched K smelling the press movements in shutdown of Aniriebssysiems safely unattached and can also be used for emergency braking of the press in the event of malfunctions.

• \ ufgahe isi of the invention to provide a A.uriehssvsieni said A ^r t, stems drove in which certain deviations from the respective desired speed to a safety stopping the Antriebssv.

In a drive system of the type mentioned at the outset, this object is achieved according to the invention by one on the reference and feedback signals appealing safety braking device to stop the output gear, if during.! of the company the algebraic difference between the The reference and feedback signals hold the preselected value during a previous period of time exceeds or falls below.

That is called such a drive system anyway Any reference and feedback signals that are present are therefore additionally used in accordance with the invention aiisgentiiz .. to exercise a security function. Through this will damage in a reliable manner and with relatively little additional effort the machines fed by the drive system or the products produced by these machines With certainty avoided such a drive system z. B. used to drive a press, so is with the inherent safety and braking device depending on the size of each difference signal determined between feedback and reference signal and a certain -1.I Line interval during which the difference signal maintains this specific size to shut down the press. before it generates scrap as a result of its actual operation deviating from the target operation.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the safety braking device has a capacitor and a capacitor when the predetermined threshold value is exceeded or fallen below by an error signal formed from the difference between the reference and feedback signal with Y> one vorherbeslimmbaren speed l.adekreis charging on. Mil aid of such a z. B. of a capacitor and a counter-land formed l.adekreis-js isi in a simple manner both the Schwcllwcrl of Eehlersignals in which begins the read l.adevorgang ^r "> Kondensalors , as well as the time period during which the Schwcllwerl are at least exceeded 11111Π, can be easily determined by the line consoles of the first circle.

The end of this Zeilintervalls is determined according to an ^r \ ^r i Weiler formation in a simple manner by a measuring device, which ansprichl on the charge of the Konilensalors and on exceeding the preset value by the charge of the capacitor holding the Ablrichsglied.

According to a preferred embodiment of this Hamlet formation possesses the measuring device a toggle switch, when the threshold value is exceeded by the error signal from a first to a second state is switchable. With the help of this toggle switch is exceeded when a certain Threshold value switched on by the throat signal of the charging circuit charging the capacitor.

According to a development of the invention, the charging circuit for charging the capacitor contains a Amplifier, with the capacitor in a feedback loop for the amplifier is arranged un-.l one to the input of the amplifier »; anuelegies Si »n: il integrated; each in their) second state leei hur with the flip-flop a signal of a preselected amplitude to the input circuit of the amplifier

According to a further embodiment of the invention, the safety braking device a to si, "h bel-innte ^(I; 2636 138 the SA patent) electrically controlled mechanical brake, and a switching means for turning off the eddy current brake and the clutch as well as for actuating the meehanischen Brake and further means for actuating the switching device when a predetermined value is shouted out by the charge of the capacitor. If the switching device of the safety braking device registers the passage of a certain charge value through the capacitor, then the eddy current brake and the clutch are switched off by a further switching device of the safety braking device and the mechanical brake is simultaneously activated, which means that the eddy current brake and the Coupling given signals of the control loop of the drive system * a fast and safe shutdown of the drive link takes place.

The drive system according to the invention is used to drive a press can be used with particular advantage, since the workpiece processed by such a press with one to be adhered to within relatively narrow limits. preselected speed of the press ram must be treated. It can also be used with B. in textile machines. Paper machines, paper pulping machines and wire drawing machines. Even with these machines goes the z. B. used to drive rollers speed of the drive member directly in the structure of each of such machines / 11 finished product. For this reason it is the speed reached by the drive link to be monitored within relatively em .'η limits, whereby nichi only one exceeding the respective target wind speed wedge, but also falling short of the dimensions or the quality of each of ilen Machine produced product detrimentally enter

The invention is based on an example of an embodiment according to the drawing shown in the drawing Aniriebssysiems in connection with mil a press, although, as stated above, also the example shown in the drawing this friction system is not limited to use in presses. In detail show!

E i g. I a mil connection in a block diagram · «· l-inruh-ium provided in accordance with safety sirom circles: / ur speed wedge regulation of a Piesse.

I- ι g. 2 in a Schallschenia in the system after L'ig. I rent lock and speed igkcilsprog ι a mm ierk travel,

L i g. 3 a shell scheme in the naJi system I-ig. I used! l'a> hnmeler circle,

I · 'ig. 4 the versliirkersiufen in a Schallst L-ma for controlling the clutch and the brake, Fig. 5 a visual diagram of the pulse generator, I- ig. 6 a Sehallsdiema of the synchronic signal source, I-ig. 7 a circuit diagram of the Drehslroni circuit,

Fig. 8 a visual diagram of the safety control loop and

Fig. ') A diagram with curves for illustration deep course of icing and inergy, that of a are available in accordance with the operation of the press, / um Difference from a press that operates with a variable oscillating mass speed ar at IeI.

Corresponding reference characters denote corresponding parts throughout the figures of the drawings.

F i g. 1 shows a press II, for example a punching press. This has a ram 13 which is connected by a connecting rod 15 1, 1 liner crankshaft 17. A main actuator 19 is used to drive the press. The electrical power to feed the motor 19 and various components of the press drive system described below is supplied by a suitable rotary current (MIi-IIc, not shown) via three supply cores /.!, Ll «nt! Λ3 The motor 19 is connected to the conductors /. 1 to Λ3 via relay or protective contacts IiY \ A, IiYMi and IiYlC , which are optionally operated by the executions described below. The press 11 is driven by the motor 19 via an eddy current coupling 21 and a reduction gear is driven with two gears 23 and 25. The Whbclstromkupplimg 21 has a winding-bearing output member 27, a magnet-bearing drive element (rotor) 29 and a magnet-bearing braking element 31 and is driven by motor 19 at a substantially constant speed via belt J3 driven. The magnet carrier, driving rotor 29 also acts as a flywheel which stores kinetic energy: for this purpose it can be provided with an additional weight load at the edge, which is indicated at 35. Since the flywheel or the rotor 29 is driven at an essentially constant speed, the kinetic energy stored therein is also kept at an essentially constant level

The runner 29 possesses a winding W I, which over ι ^:! '-iirini! C 39 ^ espeisi will. l> as stationary magnetii.i. Inle braking element 31 has a random winding W 2 wischen I, in Lachmann it is rural. July Ivi Mr, i.lti llnvsencr winding W \ a Drehtii> mcni vi.ι-, .ieii. ι .infer 29 on the winding line Π iilvrii, i: vii w *: I erner is in the event of a current I · "■ <■! '· Wicli- -H 2 between the winding 27 and the braking member 31 a ßrcmsniomcnt / Hfl. «Read the w ick to slow down

With the Wick! Auxiliary carrier 27 is also a wax meter 41 a Wediselslromsignal, the amplitude of which is a function of the Momcniangesdiwintligkeil de Press otler this speed in essence is proportional.

In addition to the braking, which is effected with the aid of the eddy current / eugenden braking member 31, the press 11 is set up for braking by a media niche brake 43. The brake 43 is a pneumatically actuated, spring-loaded safety brake, which normally holds the press in place due to its load, but can be released when a winding W 3 over a set of Kclaiskonlakleii IiY9 A and HY9I! is fed. The winding It'3 can, for example / to release the brake, open an air shut-off device.

With the crankshaft 17 there is a position indicator 45 coupled, which, as explained in more detail below, isl. simply from a mechanical coupling consisting of a set of switches in a locking and programming configuration47 belätigl. When the crankshaft 17 moves from one angular position to another successive switches operated. The Piogrammiersehallury 47 applies a DC reference signal to conductor 49 on, desesn amplitude at each moment a preselected speed tier Press represents. The amplitude of the signal can, for example, be controlled by the position indicator 45 can be changed line-dependent so that the speed of the press II during each work cycle has a programmed course. Ls It is understandable for the person skilled in the art that by programming the speed can ensure during a single work cycle that (J on the one hand the work cycle as short as possible / is and on the other hand the ram 13 at the moment of contact with the workpiece a certain target speed has.

The Weclceistronisignal generated by the tachometer 41 is applied to a Taehomeiersiebkreis 51 and rectified and sieved in this. so that a direct current feedback signal to a conductor 53 pending, the amplitude of which is an I 1111 lotion is the instantaneous speed of the press. The reference signal and the feedback mu.ial are connected to a coupling intensifier 53. a ..- n Brcms reverse intensifier 57 and a fuse ·· - krcis 59 created. The clutch-svcrMärkcr 55 creates a conductor 61 to an amplified signal, which a .. 5 "Function of the amplitude of the reference signal in relation to it that of the return ■. ■

_{l: (dJ!} r

^{7 / wipe cl} \ ->

Il 1 ^ ""'T ^{1 I> K} '" ^SU ' ^: ' _üe " ΐ «" other similar In.puK

au hrhth _cr hn. , ^ ' ^Wi ° ^ ¹ '"trains, rdnTnXasl L η ^ ^"'^"'" ™ ^WT

Amnlrtudc ZL JenTΓ L ™ ° " ^nk """ ^tK " ^r K, Zu Lern / wcxk Jerden HT ^ T", ^{Si |! Nal} 'the veins "M. ' Τ ^ ΤίΤ ^^ Κ ^ Ζ Ζ £? ^ ^ "^ • n'm-Sym.-hronsignal 64A, MIi " η, Ι

<o

ΛΗ., Η / 1/2 and / -3 derived WAS glciehgench.et/so that a pulsating DC voltage is applied to the winding W \, which induces a

Zugssignal and the feedback g

The brake booster 57 outputs a direct current signal to a conductor 67. whose Amp tu de cmc inverse function of the Algerian Dille sign λ s ui is the amplitudes of the Bc / .ugss.gnals unc d «. Every change in denι W ratio of the amplitudes of the tongs- uncU s R ₁ k-

coupling signal to each other bcw, ^ ^ ^{1 1} ^ signals sent to the leler mouth 67 angcM vLidu,

Changes in opposite I olariia. uas. The Keiler 67 is applied (ilcichsiromsignal is. η three similar ImP ^ f " ⁶ ',! 69 Γ applied, which are essentially identical to the pulse generators 63, ^ emit s.iid and Aiisl. su, mpuu., whose l'hasenwinkcl dor Ampluudo it .Inserted control signal, n ^ m-chen. I Mc \ u ip. ^. ^ - 69/1 to 69f are .lurch den krc. ^ 64 with each around .. Phase dos Drchstn-nmei / cs ^ ynclir .-msicii. "" - ^; ¹ ,! <■ "ImnulsLvbemf.9,1 to WH delivered AuMo ^ - siunalc" are sent to cmc. Ilrehsti.'Mi-.Vi.aiiKiuwi anaeleul. of the circle (, 5 ahnen and at Ue ι κι-windingH'2einepiilMerende (iechswHm.nL.ih l> i.

,! ieeine ^ -functionde- IMiaseir.vmi.ols-.leriv.rv.i.v ι.

impiilssignalc dar> iciii. Du ·; n oV '"" f ¹ ! ^' ^ '"^ Applied voltage is> lah.-r a, It-r algebraic Dilkviv /v.isch • .. _;; -na! M ;, _dd cm Ru . '■.' ■ .. 'ppiunc ^ Mgi-d

The bar counter? and 71 -.V ^ K-Ii \ on den. among other things /.1 to /.3 with current 'i'; T <e..usk. nw can be a suitable overload protection for the motor

.5

»5

30th

üeni ih / u.

RYiA to RY 3C j-

mi; die uuieh ^{nadi!> u} " ^L '

Y 3C jp

! vschriftcne l ^; facilities betat; ·,: ..

Speisendor ver-ciiic / ciien cU -'- ii ^ nsciie ^

..lic for programming. \ cp _; ia; Kcn. '' ¹¹ P " ¹ ^ '' ^ ■ nd serve for security purposes :! '."Ki' ■ • ^lt - ¹ be written, serve <.Ie ;. ... panmn L ^ n.

-. ,, "an outer.-marriage GIciJispannun

/ euut become, the wn ■ · - '■ - » ^ donW 1

spcüt will. 1 _r "

In the in lig. 2 shown V errioüe.unc- ι .. «chwindigkeilspr.'Kranimicrschalliing are aie rc * in the following an -.'- eix-ien wei-e rxz.K I), o .XrbeiKwk-kluni · ^ m, i>' ■■■ ""! '"'" • ".Λ" *?, 'A number Iv / eichnc :. / B / oil. "''^," _T , _n \. <N this Wi ^ klune K '..''-n Kohwikk · ■ dievelhe Bc / e.chniini! under \ " ^w ₁ ' ^{: I1} ; ^lll " ^s V ^C ' « ^c V ₁ 7 _{d | C} e set letter, ζ B / O IA. κ ι in ν mi of the winding KV I hoiiii.üU-n K maKte. m ■ *. contacts are only dur.h in the mouth; ^oe ' ^na "" ^c , ^', • iilel arranged stndie and ruliek. ^ niaKte «uren himlKhc ^ lines indicated, the diag · nai uurt.m

are. _L. ς,.,. ,,, _and

The windings of the various control and

Locking crisis ΛΠ to R ^ W «, troen wise" via a transformer fed by the Nct / atlcrn 1.1. ■ · B ^ fed transformer with current, ^ l wise actuated the relay winding Kr 1 aas i_. Schjtz for the motor 19 and she scniieui " ■ ■ _£ i..r.-hfi ^ s "-R '*" Attachment of contacts «r ιλ. «And RVIV'which are switched with 'en Motom · lines in ^ mc E (s. F. G. I) - through locking not shown * - and progran,

™ et which now .switches the contacts / ^ 2/1 schücßl, Ä of the relay winding , Y 3 in series

Ä - ^^^ era rs

Rais winding «/ 20 with direct current flowing through it,

KcIa.sw '^^ be closed; the

^^, ^, ^ ScMungen RYl and RYS in series

" _{Cscnaltct are} . The contacts RY 18/1 and / ΟΊ9 / 1

^ _nnrma | _cr wisely through a safety circuit

· _{D will be} described below. North

^^ _{are therefore dic Rclais RY1 and} / <) '8

switched on and their contacts operated.

^^ ^ _KmUak , _{c / <K7 / 1} closed and the

Contacts RYIA in the one described above

^ ,,, " _{sin (li isl dic} relay winding RY3

_slr „ _zero , _rc hUossen, so that the contacts ft Y 3 A to

_{/ <y3C dllosscn silK} l (Fig. 1). As a result, are

Orchstromschaltkrdse 65 un-J 71 switched on,

^ ^ the manner described above ku-z

wirl ^ lMn ^ iwickcn FVl and Wl variable.

_ß j " _csch iossenen contacts / <>'8/1 can by, ... ,,,; .., £" · ";", " _Vl , _n hand-operated pushbuttons.

^ 'J ₁₁ V ₁ iTo'r.-s .SM'I the reverse winding RY 1 and thereby ^^^^ ^ _{a dmhcl bedcn} . _{Durdl the} closing

^ ^ _Kon , _{aklc / iy} , / j _{wjrd cin} Hallekreis closed ^ -hlosscii, which keeps the engine switched on. By _dic Be'tätieune a Ruhekontaki-I _kan country switch Mi'2 the engine n always be turned off.

_{1); is} K _e | _a j _s' V 10 is controlled by a switch 1 country SH'3 The Rclais "V 11 W his>'14 _ju ^ _h switch A'1 controlled to K4, over a _{NoL. kon m} from the .Stellungsanzeiger 45 in _kcil Depending _{on the} rotation _of the crankshaft 17 of the press, _c kcnucsteuerl werdcn. The position indicator bcta- ^^ ^^ _fünflcn switch K5 and a sixth switch / f6. As indicated above, the ge of the position indicator 45 _{s (alcrtcn saddle} are | _lC r \ _K \ rotation of the crankshaft _{I7 ίη oincr} vomcw; ihllcn Rciliciif - gc hclätivit.!.

; / _wisc j _{lcn the} positive direct current target line and frde, several potentiometers R 1 to 6 are switched on _{) and the} readings of positive voltages ^ _Jje ^^ _{cjnc adjustment of the} potentiometer

_vorgewa h;. t can be further t-.in Poienl,> meter Λ7 is / evaded the tap de- Potcni.o _m eiws AE6 and FRDC turned on and serves initially Finstellcn a voltage, the preselected cm Iei the voltage. which lies at the tap of the Potenno _meleri> K ₆ . The% on the Rclaiswickcn /? KH ^. ^ ^ _{14 bclätjgtcn K} , ₍ ", _a kie are done so that ·

_at j.xicm point of a rotation of the crankshaft Y ^ _? ^^ ^ ^ ^ "^^, ^ ,,, _ng 49 _{cine span}

_γ ^ ^ _{from rfcn} ^, ^, jvg ,, voltages at dei iffen the potentiometers Rl to R 7 selected ^^ ^^ "g of _the HaHdSCh ₃ ItCrS-WJ came _to the conductor 49 apply the voltage that v..i ^ ^ p _{soldering, i (mc} t _C r Λ5 w.rd. given this tension _fung ^^ _Cinen slow speed, the inferior is described in detail, the p of the verschic _{which otcn} Strome tiomctern votes * crdei ^ _{w;!.? W} i _ders -änder RS and R9 limited. ^ _{Rclajswicklungen Äy4 to RY6 are VO1}

60

ίο

two hand switches SWA and SWS connected in series, optionally switched on. As will be described in more detail below, these switches are used to initiate a cycle of the press. The switches SWA and SWS are bridged by the Stcllungsanzeigeschalter K 6, which is connected in series with a satellite / of Arbeitsskeintakten IiYbA , which are operated by the Rclaiswicklun ;: RY 6 . The switch Kb and the contacts RY6A thus form a circuit for the relay windings IiYA m to / <K6.

According to I'ig. 3, the alternating current signal coming from the tachometer 41 is rectified in a bridge rectification which is formed by diodes Dl to DA . The pulsating direct current generated in this way is filtered by two capacitors C I and Cl and a coil I.IA. A DC voltage negative to earth is generated, which is applied to a fixed resistor Λ Il and a potentiometer RM . The tap of the potentiometer IiM is connected to the conductor 53 and applies a negative voltage to it, which represents a preselected part of the screened direct voltage. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the negative voltage on conductor 53 is a function of the speed of press 11 and is substantially proportional to that speed.

According to FIG. 4, the SS Kupplungsverstärkcr .i k'i exist four brake l.'mkehrversiärki'r 57 from two DilFerenlialvcr.stürkern75, 76 and 77, 78. The encryption v> strong 75 b s 78 are preferably operational amplifiers, as described by various Places are commercially available. The amplifiers 75 to 78 each have two input connections 80 and 81, a positive and a negative supply connection 82 or 83 and an output connection 85. It is understood by those skilled in the art that the voltage at the output connection 85 is a function of the difference between represents the voltages which are applied to the input terminals 80 and 81, the output voltage becoming more positive when the terminal 81 is driven in a positive direction with respect to the terminal 80. A negative feedback for the amplifier can therefore be established by a connection between the output connection 85 and the input connection.

The positive direct current ß.vugssignal (nominal value) in the conductor 49 and the direct current tachometer feedback signal (actual value) in the conductor 53 are applied via an isolating resistor Λ15 and Λ16 to a mixing connection point / 1 in the coupling amplifier 55. The voltage at the connection point 71 is therefore a function of the algebraic difference between the amplitudes of the reference and feedback signals and represents an error signal which is essentially the difference between the press speed and the setpoint speed represented by the instantaneous value of the reference signal is proportional. This error signal is applied to the input connection * <> 81 of the amplifier 75 and a preselected reference voltage is applied to the other input connection 80 via a network which has resistors Λ17 to R21 and a potentiometer R. The characteristic of the amplifier 75 can be adjusted with the help of a resistor R 23. which connects the output connector 85 of the amplifier with its fineancwi * .iiiuss86.

A preselected part of the output signal of amplifier 75 is sent to a mixing junction via a potentiometer R 25 and a separating resistor R26. created. From a Leiter86 is applied via a Trcnnwidersland H 27 to the junction Jl a feedback signal which is proportional to the coupling substantially in the winding W 1 flowing stream. The generation of this current is described in detail below. This current feedback signal is applied to junction J 2 in such a way that, as the coupling current increases, it is in the opposite direction to the output signal of amplifier 75, so that current feedback is achieved in the manner described below. On ^ inen resistance Λ28 a bias voltage is applied over Frde to the junction Jl. The voltage developed at the junction Jl, resulting is placed of the amplifier 76 to the Fingangsanschluß 81st A preselected DC voltage is applied to the input terminal 80 of this amplifier via a network consisting of the resistors K 30 to RiA and a potentiometer R 35. The characteristic of the amplifier 76 is predetermined by the value of a contradiction Λ 37 which connects the output connection 85 of the amplifier with its input connection 80. The output signal of the amplifier 76 is gcleirl from its connection 85 to the Feiler 61 described above.

The positive reference signal on conductor 49 and the negative tachometer feedback signal on conductor 53 are also applied to brake booster 57. These two signal conductors are each connected via an isolating resistor RAl and RAl with a mixing connection point / 3, so that an error signal is generated in the manner described above. The connection point 73 is not connected to the input terminal 81, as in the case of the coupling amplifier 55, but to the input terminal 80 of the amplifier 77. The amplifier 77 therefore generates a signal at its output connection 85 which has the opposite polarity to the input signal derived from the connection point / 3. A preselected equalizing voltage is applied to the input terminal 81 via a network consisting of the resistors R 43 to R 47 and a potentiometer R 48. The characteristic of this amplifier can be adjusted with the aid of a variable resistor RA9 which connects the output terminal 85 of the amplifier 77 to its input terminal 80.

The preselected part of the output voltage de amplification 77 is applied via a potentiometer 50 and an isolating resistor R 51 to a mixing connection point 74 which is connected to the input connection 81 of the amplifier 78. Fernci is applied from a conductor 88 via an isolating resistor φ52 to the junction 74 a feedback signal for the braking, the generation of which will be described below. At the connection point 74 is a resistor R 53 before a voltage to earth. Via a network that au! the resistors Λ 55 to Λ 59 and a potentiometer /? 60, a preselected DC bias voltage is applied to input terminal 8 (of amplifier 78. The characteristic of amplifier 78 is predetermined by a resistor Λ 61, de the output terminal £ 5 of the Amplifier with which FingaP connection 80 connects. The Ai

763 626

11 ^v 12

of the amplifier 78 is from its connection 85 to sators Ci is therefore with the frequency of the Drehslroni-

the above-level conductor 67 is applied. network synchronization ι. The capacitor CT is also

The in F i g. 5 given illustration of a pulse via a resistor «85 with Jem Hasisansehluß encoder applies to all pulse generators to which the signals of a (QS) from two pnp transistors QS and QU via the conductoroi and 67 are applied. The connected in FIG. 5, the signal also present as a Schmitt trigger, conductor 61 or 67, is connected via part. The limiters of the transistors Q5 and QU , consisting of the resistors 64 and 65, are connected to the positive feed conductor via a resistor network to the base connection of one of two stand 86 and the collectors to the negative npn transistors CM and Q1 , which each form a feeder over a load counteractor. A preselected pre-io and «88 connected. The collector of the transistor voltage is connected via the resistors «66 and« 67 Q5 is connected to the base of the transistor Q6 via one and a potentiometer R 68 to the base connection of the resistor «8»), so that this circuit becomes a transistor Q1 and via the resistances «69 and a sharp switching characteristic. When the Kon-RlQ is discharged at the base connection of the transistor Q1 and the capacitor C 3, the Schmitt trigger QS-Q 6 is applied. The emitters of the transistors Q I and Q 1 are in a first state in which the transistor Q 5 is blocked with the negative feed conductor via a resistor each and the transistor Q 6 conducts. If the stand; i72 or «73 and a common resistor capacitor C 3 is connected to a predetermined transistors determined by the characteristic of the stand« 74, which creates a coupling between the Schmitt trigger Q S-Q 6. The collector of the tran- th threshold level is charged, the circuit armed sistor Ql is directly connected to the positive feed signal 20 to a second state in which the transistor and the collector of the transistor Q 1 conducts with one side Q 5 and the transistor Qd Is blocked. of a timing condenser C'3. The collector of the transistor Q 6 is connected via another side of the capacitor C 3 to the positive diode O6 and a capacitor f'4 to the base tive feeder. The cables of the capacitor 25 connected to the collector of a (Ql) of two transistors Q 7 and QK verdes transistor Ql , which form a monostable multivibrator, is also connected to the collector of a (Qi) of An dl ·. ¹ junction between the diode /) 6 two transistors Qi and Q4 connected, which will work as and the capacitor C4 by the positive Schmitt trigger or as a level measuring circuit. The feed conductors via a resistor W 90 are connected to the emitters of the transistors Q 3 and (J 4 with the voltage. The emitters of the transistors O7 positive feed conductors over a common resistor 30 and QH are connected to the positive feed conductor ”76 and the is the collector of transistor Q 4 is a a common resistor "91 and their connected to the negative Speiscleiter a Lastwider- collectors, the abutment would be connected to the negative supply conductor supernatant" 77 is connected. About "78 depending on a load resistor" 92 and "93 vcrlnin and" A predetermined bias voltage is applied to the base terminal of the transistor den. The transistor OH is normally conductive. The 35, namely as a result of a bias current that flows through a collector of the transistor Q 4 is to the base of the resistor 94, the The base of the transistor transistor Qi is connected to the negative feed conductor via a resistor 80. The collection, so that the steep slope The characteristic curve of the Schmittor of the transistor Q 8 is based on the Iran trigger. transistor Q1 via one of the Wide Countries «96 and

From one of the conductors 64/1 to 64C (see Fig. 1) - \ " ftt) 7 existing network ν-rbuntlen so that the

a synchronous positive feedback is present at tlie base of the trans-stors Q4. the one for a monostable

signal over a network from the resistances «82 circuit is required. The collector of the Tran

and «83 created. The synchronizing signal can be connected to the transistor Ql is connected to the base of the transistor OS

for example a simple single-phase alternating current a timing capacitor ('5 connected, des-

signal sjin, which has the same frequency as the net / - 45 sen value together with that of the resistance «94

phase, for which the pulse generator triggering pulses generate the period of the monostable operation of the circuit

and with this phase determined in a predetermined manner in a known manner.

ten phase relationship. Painted F i g. 6 has the The collector of the transistor Q K is also with dei

Synchronsignalquelle 64 in the shown before- base of a pnp transistor () 9 connected, the al-

Referred embodiment three transformers TlA. s ° a t midf »lger amplifier works. The collector of the ·

TlH and TlC. whose primary windings are in a transistor ^ Q9 via a resistor R 100 mi

Delta connection with wires IA. Ll and /.3 and the negative Spei ^ eleitcr and the F.mitter over ai

their secondary windings with the ladders MA. MB resistor R ΙΟΙ with the primary winding of an Im

and M <' and the plus voltage source connected to pulsed ransformators Tf . The prim; irw.ck

In this way there are three single-phase syn- 55 and the resistor R 101 is one in common

Chronic signals with mutually different phase diodes i> 7 connected in parallel, thus switching surge

angles generated. are suppressed The secondary winding de

During that part of each period in which the transformer TP is grounded on one side and un

Synchronization signal compared to the triggering threshold on the other side via a coupling capacitor

Schmitt trigger is negative, the transformer T7 is located with a pulse output conductor 90 1 H

sistor (? 4 im switched on and the transistor 9OfT connected. Via a network from the Widei

Q3 is switched off, so that R102 and R 103 are at the Au> -ganpvle

Capacitor Γ3 via the transistor Ql is charged with a negative Cileich bias voltage.

If, on the other hand, the synchronizing signal is opposite, it is understandable for a person skilled in the art that at y

the triggering threshold becomes positive, the tran- 65 switching over of the transistors QS ur

sistors £> 3 and Q4 reversed, so that the Kon- Qb existing Schmitt trigger from a state

capacitor Γ3 via the collector of transistor Q 3 with conductive Qb in a state with conductive Q.

is discharged The charging and discharging of the condensate - a negative directed impulse to the base of the tra

iistors Ql is applied and initiates a monostable Sel.iiltspiel in which a pulse of a predetermined amplitude and duration is generated on the corresponding output conductor 90/1 to 9OC.

The monostable multivibrator can be triggered not only by the Schmitt trigger with the transistors Q5 and Q6 , which responds to the charge of the capacitor C 3, but also by the Schmitt trigger with the transistors Q 3 and Q 4. The collector of the transistor Q 3 is coupled to the base terminal of a pnp transistor 210 via a capacitor C8. The emitter of transistor Q10 is connected to the positive feed conductor via a resistor R ZQ4, and its collector is connected to the negative feed conductor via a resistor R 105. A predetermined bias voltage is applied to the base of the transistor Q 10 via a network with the resistors R 106 and R 107. The collector of the transistor (J10 is ^{coupled to the base of the transistor 1} (Jl via a capacitor (9). entladt trigger with the transistors Qi and (M capacitor (3, will this positive pulse thinned \ on the transistor Q 10 is inverted and the thus obtained negative geric If a pulse had been applied to the base of the transistor Q 7, a monostable switching cycle was initiated.

The pulse generator shown in FIG. 5 produces synchronized trigger pulses, the phase angle of which depends on the amplitude of a control signal which is applied to the pulse generator essentially in the manner indicated below. The differential amplifier consisting of the transistors Q 1 and Q 1 applies a charging current to the capacitor C3 which is a function of the control signal. that applied via the conductor 61 or 67 wii ^. The charging speed of this time constant capacitor is controlled according to a composite function of the reference and feedback signals. The Schmitt trigger with the transistors Q 3 and QA enables the capacitor Γ3 to be charged only during a predetermined part of each Pciode of the corresponding three-phase phase. If during the 1 adeteils of the period the voltage across the capacitor C 3 exceeds the threshold of the Schmitt! riggers from transistors QS and Q6 reached, this trigger switches over. so that a monostable switching cycle between the two transistors Ql and QH is initiated. The pulse generated in the process is applied to the pulse output conductor 90.1 to 90f via the transistor Q9 and the transformer TP. That part of each alternating current period in which the pulse is generated is also a function of the control signal. By changing the amplitude of the control signal, the phase angle can thus be changed essentially over the whole of the period in which the capacitor (" 3. For a purpose that is described in greater detail after Mehulul, this sieve area is dimensioned in such a way that it also has relatively large plias changes compared to the net phase.

Even if the capacitors are not charged up to the Schwellweri of the Schmiti-Triiiiiers within the admissible charging time, which consists of the transistors Q5 "'and (Jb , an out-pulse is generated at the end of the charging time because the mon -; - stable The flip-flop via the transistor Q 10 is released when the charging time by the Schmii - Triusier with the transistors Q 3 and Q 4 is ended.

The trigger pulses generated by the pulse generators 63/1 to 63C and 69. · 'to 69Γ control the function of the rotary sensor: 65 and 71. die; F i 2. 7 shown in more detail -VcA.

From "the mains cores L 1. Ll and Li come; ^1. · Three-phase current is supplied via the contacts RYiA to RYl (to the primary wires arranged in a delta connection .-: - ■ lungs TiPA to TiPC of a three-phase transformer ? Lu 'The transformer T 3 hos ;: two sets of Dreiphu ^ -n secondary windings, ι one set / "3C-I. L'iCH and / 3CC feeds" Coupling iwc' -. L ·; ·.;. '' ■ (1 and dei other set ί Hi THiH and Tiiu -peist the brake winding 2 H; of these secondary windings is a stoßun pressing Net / factory parallel peeled !, one of the resistors RS .- · I and W.V2 .mci; Capacitor CS 1 is formed.

The secondary windings 7 3 (1 to / 3 ((are in series with each eiiu -, controlled) silicon rectifier Q HA to QIlCs: switches. jiumgieiehiiciuCi a fuse FXA is arranged up to / 1 ■■ Mn the clutch ^ winding Hl ., ■ · <* contradiction R 110 of low contradiction value connected in series, which to the conductor 86 a voltage: ·.-sitinal. das the amplitude of the current in de;! Kuppliine-.wu-'idun · proportional i> [substantially in the above with reference to Pig 4-described manner, this signal via the resistor 27 to the Λ mischenile Verbindungsslelle Jl in the Kiippluncsverstärke.. ! '55. A surge suppressing network is connected in parallel to the winding HI and has a Thν ritwiderstand TU I, two resistors R 113 and R 114 and a capacitor C 12

The secondary windings TiHA to 7 3 IiC assigned to the brake are in series with one of the controlled silicon rectifiers Q X1A to QMC. the excitation winding H'2 of the eddy current brake connected in parallel. A fuse TlA to / "2C is arranged in the anode circuit of each controlled silicon rectifier QXlA to QXlC . A resistor R 120 sends a voltage signal to conductor 88, the amplitude of which is essentially proportional to the strength of the current flowing in the brake winding is applied to the mixing connection point 74 of the brake booster 57 via the resistor R 52, as was described above with reference to Fig. 4. A shock-backing network is connected in parallel to the winding W1 , which consists of a Thyritwidersiand 77/2, two resistors R XIl and RXIi and a capacitor C 13 consists.

Trigger pulses from pulse generators 63 /) to 63C are applied to the control connections of the controlled silicon rectifiers Q 1L-I to QXXC via conductors 90/1 to 9OC. The pulses emitted by each pulse generator are synchronous with the corresponding network phase: their phase angle is changed as a function of the amplified composite signal which is emitted by the clutch amplifier 55 via the conductor 61.

(O

Λη dt; .- Steuerclektrodcn the controlled. Silicon rectifiers (J ! 2.I to QMC , tripping signals are emitted by the pulse generators WA to 69C via the conductors 91Λ to 91Γ. These pulses are synchronous with the corresponding network phases: their phase angle is changed as a function of the amplified composite signal transmitted by the Brake booster 57 is output via conductor 67.

The resulting or average voltage across each of the windings is dependent on the phase angle of the triggering of the corresponding controlled silicon converter. Fine early tripping in the corresponding part of the three-phase current period leads to strong excitation and a late tripping /'.·■ -, '-. R- r sultry excitation of the winding. The windings H '| and H 2 are not connected in parallel so-called Kikkkiufiiioricn. which conduct the inductively stored current / between the successive rushes of the torque period. As a result of the inductance of the winding, each silicon rectifier remains conductive until the next controlled silicon rectifier is triggered, although the instantaneous voltage applied to the circuit counteracts the flow of current. Therefore, if the Ph: · c tier tripping is suddenly delayed after a strong excitation of the winding H'l, an average voltage that never counteracts the current flow is present on the winding H1. Di ₁ ; n de: winding il'l inductively stored horns is therefore returned relatively quickly to the source and it is not distributed relatively slowly in the winding due to the ohmic resistance of the winding will. This measure of returning inductively stored energy to the source is referred to in the description and in the literature as "inversion". The various threshold values for the pulse generators and related variables are chosen so that strongly phase-delayed triggering pulses occur at a point in time in which a strong inversion is obtained. The excitation of the clutch and brake windings therefore responds quickly to changes in the relative amplitudes of the reference and feedback signals.

In; In operation of the press, the speed controller just described causes the press speed to be maintained at substantially the preselected value represented by the amplitude of the reference signal, essentially as follows: the tachometer feedback signal on line S3 and the reference signal in the line 49 1 and 73 are mixed at the connection points 7. As a result, a signal is generated at each of these connection points, which is used as an error signal! can be viewed, the amplitude of which is a function of the deviation of the instantaneous actual speed of the press from the target speed. In the coupling amplifier the error signal is amplified and sent to the corresponding pulse generator 63/1 to 63C so that it controls the power output via the circuit in such a way that the average voltage applied to the coupling winding IKl increases when the current speed of the press increases below the preselected speed. However, since the winding Wl is an inductive load, the Slromfluß in the winding h'L and be of the flywheel mass to the press are a: Liebene torque from the lying to the winding W \ voltage Not "directly, but only in the sense of Furthermore, a voltage fluctuation so large that it leads to a rapid response would damage the winding if this voltage fluctuation continues after the current in the winding has reached the desired level Voltage control

to allow ίο and thereby speeding the response of the clutch, is the resistor R provided via conductor 86 and 27 to the misehenden junction 72 (Fig. 4) leading Stromrückkoppli'ng one of the resistor Ii 110 (Figure 7.). As a result, the average clamping groove applied to the coupling is not only due to the algebraic difference between the reference signal and the I achomeier feedback signal. but also in the sense of a reciprocal function of the current strength in the Kupphingswieklung dependent. When the increasing amperage in the clutch winding approaches the desired value, take! the voltage applied to the clutch winding. so that the clutch winding is not overexcited and therefore not damaged. As a result of this current feedback, a relatively high source voltage can temporarily be used at the beginning .ler hearing the clutch, so that the clutch winding is forced to respond quickly as a result of the relatively high voltages. Since the pulse generators 63.4 to 63Γ can work with a strong phase delay, so that the energy stored inductively in the winding W \ is returned to the source by the inversion explained above, the winding W \ can be de-energized quickly. Therefore, the transmitted torque is quickly reduced when the speed of the press increases compared to the target speed. The brake winding Wl is excited by the amplifier 57 and the pulse generator 69/1 to 69Γ essentially similar, but their excitation changes in the opposite direction to that of the clutch, because the amplifier 57 has an inverse function. The voltage applied to the brake winding is therefore a reverse function of the algebraic difference between the reference signal and the tachometer feedback signal at junction 73 and a reciprocal function of the current in the brake winding. Thus, the excitation of the brake winding Wl increases. if the instantaneous speed of the press rises above the target speed, so that the speed of the press is then led back to the target speed. Since the brake winding Wl also represents an inductive load, the current feedback, which leads from the resistor R 120 (FIG. 7) via the resistor / i52 to the measuring junction 74 in the brake booster 57 (FIG. 4), accelerates the response of the brake in terms of amperage and torque versus changes in the ratio of the amplitudes of the feedback and reference signals. As in the control device for the clutch, the phase angle range of the pulse generator 69/1 to 69 C is chosen so that the corresponding inductive winding Wl is quickly de-energized by an inversion when the instantaneous speed of the press decreases compared to the Sollgescliwindigkeil. In the event of failure of the just described

The speed control circuit is intended to prevent the press II from operating. To this end owns the press drive shown in FIG. 1 shown safety circuit 59, which the press perfectly turns off when the current actual speed of the press in a predetermined period of time Does not even come close to the target speed. For this purpose, the in the feedback signal present in the conductor 53 and the reference signal present in the conductor 49 are applied.

According to FIG. 8, the reference signal and the feedback signal are applied to a mixing junction J 1 via an isolating resistor R 130 and R 131, respectively. There is therefore a voltage across it, which represents an i-'chkrMgnul, the amplitude of which is essentially proportional to the algebraic difference between the actual and the nominal speed of the press. The junction Jl is connected to the base of one (Q 15) of two npn transistors Q \ 5 and Q 16 which are connected to one another in the differential amplifier. This has a high gain and works as a level measuring circuit. The emitters of the transistors Q 15 and Q 16 are connected to the negative feed conductor via a resistor R 133 and R 134 and a common resistor R 135. Their collectors are connected to the positive feeder via a load resistor R 136 and R 137. On the basis of the transistor C> 16, a pre-selected bias voltage is applied via a potentiometer R 138. E .1 output signal is applied from the collector of transistor QIS to the base of a pnp transistor Q 17, the emitter of which is directly connected to the positive feeder. The collector of transistor Q 17 is connected to the negative feeder via a load resistor R 139. A positive feedback signal is applied from the collector of transistor Q 17 via resistor R 140 to the base of transistor Q 15 so that the circuit containing transistors Q 15 to Q 17 has a sharp switching characteristic similar to a Schmitt trigger. The person skilled in the art recognizes that this Krüs is switched to a state in which the transistor Q 17 conducts when the error signal present at the junction Jl exceeds a predetermined threshold value which is dependent on the setting of the potentiometer R 138. This is the case when the actual speed of the press is a predetermined amount below the target speed.

The signal present at the collector of transistor Q17 as a result of the switching is applied to one (80) of two input connections 80 and 81 of a differential operational amplifier 101 via a resistor R 141 and a variable resistor R 142. This is essentially similar to the operational amplifiers described above with reference to FIG. Connections which have the same function in the amplifier are denoted by the same reference symbols. The other input connection 81 de>, amplifier 101 is grounded.

! Xt output connection 85 of amplifier 101 is connected to P. input connection 80 via a condep-'iiinrC !? connected se that the amplifier Ιβί in ->'■■■>! ■ -' !: is known to work as an integrator. Dar, e. ·; '• ■■ ii ■, ι'.;>. ('. The capacitor C ί 5 is discharged with an essential speed; i t :: ^ i, tunteri speed! ""''' ^{1 !! i!} 'i "· SnanniTi ww the Aiistane HS rises or falls at an essentially constant rate if the input 80 carries a current of constant amplitude flows challenges or in it. in the normal operation of the tansistor Q 17 remains disabled, the voltage at the input terminal 80 nit-DRiG and the output voltage at terminal 85 high. in contrast, when the Fenlersigna existing at the junction Jl! the preselected threshold value of the circuit with d ° n transistors Q 15 to Q 17 exceeds, the voltage at the output 85 of the amplifier 101 drops at a predetermined rate that is set at the variable resistor R 142.

The output 85 is connected via a resistor R 145 to the base of one (Q 19) of two transistors Q 19. Q 20 of a Schmitt trigger circuit. The emitters of the transistors (219, β 20 are connected to ground via a common resistor R 146 and their collectors to the positive feed line through load resistors R 147 and R 148, respectively. The collector of transistor Q 19 is connected to the base of transistor Q 20 connected to a network, which has resistors R 150 and R 151, and the resulting positive feedback gives the circuit d <e sharp switching characteristics. The collector of transistor Q 20 is connected to the base of an npn transistor operated as an emitter follower ζ) 21 connected. The collector of transistor Q 21 is connected to the positive feed line via a resistor R 153. Its emitter is connected via a resistor R 154 to one end of a relay winding RY 18, the other end of which is grounded. To suppress switching surges, winding RY 18 and resistor R 154 are bridged by a diode D 10.

During normal operation, the output voltage at the connection 85 of the amplifier 101 is relatively high, as indicated above, so that current flows through the relay winding RY1%. However, if the charge of the capacitor C15 is changed so that the output voltage at the terminal 85 of the Schmitt trigger with the transistors Q 19 and Q 20 drops, this trigger is switched to a state in which the transistor Q 19 is blocked and the transistor (320 is conductive. As a result, the transistor Q 21 is blocked and the relay winding RV18 switched off. This is the case when the actual speed of the press remains significantly below the target speed for longer than a predetermined period of time, so that the charge on the capacitor C11 and the voltage fall below the threshold value of the Schmitt trigger at terminal 85.

A substantially similar circle responds when the actual speed of the press is considerably higher than the target speed, e.g. B. because the press is slowing down improperly or exceeds the set speed for some reason. For this purpose, the reference signal and the feedback signal are each applied via a separating resistor R 160 and R 161 to a mixing junction y 8, which is connected to the base of one (Q 26) of two npn transistors Q 26 and Q 27, which sinu arranged in a differential amplifier, which has a high gain and works as a level metering circuit. The emitters of the transistors C? 26 and ('27 are connected to the negative feeder via each

i 763 626

19 20

emeu resistor R 163 or R 164 and brought one. This stops the press completely.

nK-iiisamen resistance «165 connected. The Kollek- If therefore the at the junctions J 7 and

loren of these transistors are provided with the positive JS error signals indicating a deviation

Sneiselleiter each via a resistor R 167 or the current actual speed of the press from the

R 168 connected. Represent a preselected bias 5 set speed longer than during

v., rd by a potentiometer R 170 over a preselected time period of predetermined

uiderstand R 571 to the base of transistor Q 27 th limits, the motor and the

created. The collector of transistor Q 27 is switched off with eddy current coupling and the mechanical

Depending on the base of a pnp transistor Q 28 connected, niche brake operated, so that the press turned off

Jcocn emitter with the positive feeder and 10 will.

.iiNsen collector via a load resistor The potentiometers R 138 and R 170 are switched on ; ■ 112 is connected to df-m negative feeder. set that the actual speed of the press in the v.'n the collector of the transistor β28 is about the preselected speed from the resistor R 175 and the resistor R ! 71 speaks, so that at the junction J 7 up. in .Mitkopplungssignal applied so that the circle with 15 stepping error signal slightly below the threshold transistors Q 26 to Q28 sharp switching and value of the transistors Q 15 to Q 17 include -! ' has aelmeß characteristics. The person skilled in the art recognizes that the level measuring circuit is present and that the error Mgnil J Ά ^[ · the circuit with the transistors (726 to Q2S in at the junction 78 cit.i threshold value of the s.ncr function to the above b <written transistors Q 26 to Q28 Comprehensive level measurement circuit with the transistors Q 15 to Q 17. In this normal time, this means that the circuit with the transistors operating state does not take place in any of the InU-C 26 to Q. is switched to a state 28, in gricschaltungen with the amplifiers 101, 102 of the transistor Q of the joint J 8 irgendikm passes 28, when the error signal which charging or timing operations. the ToIea i, under a pre- selected ranzbreite between these sampled Schwellwer -UT. Threshold value falls, which effectively ensures a "dead zone" is set at potentiometer R 170 in this way, within which the behavior of the press is set as a

The collector of transistor Q2S is considered normal. However, it becomes one of these

Resistor R 173 and a variable resistor R 178 threshold values longer than during a predetermined

is exceeded with the input terminal 80 of a differential Zeiuaum, which is determined by the charge identification

Operational amplifier 102 connected, which is determined with a 30 Unie of the respective integrating circuit,

Capacitor Γ16 is connected and the associated relay RV18 or RY 19 is switched off.

switched as well as the amplifier described above, whereby the complete shutdown of the

101. works as an integrator. The output signal of the press is initiated.

The amplifier 102 is connected to a Schmitt trigger.

lays. the one from the transistors Q30 and Q31 and the 35 that the manual switches SHM and SWS closed.

Resistors R 180 to R 185 and a These switches are normally arranged so that

limitterffektcr amplifier stage, which one the operator to operate each one

Transistor (J 32 and its associated resistors need a hand to ensure that your

Has R 186 and R 187. As a result, Wahl- hands will not be in the area of the press jaws,

a relay winding RY19 is switched off if 40 If the winding RYS, which is switched on, is

the output signal of the amplifier has been described under the hend, the contacts RYSB closes,

The threshold value of the trigger with the transistors Q 30 causes the switches SW4 and SWS to close

and Q31 falls. The relay winding R1Ί9 and the switching on of the relay windings RY 4 to RY 6.

Resistor R 187 is a diode DIl for discharging. By switching on RY4 , the con-

of switching shocks connected in parallel. Analogous to the «cycle RV 4A closed, which in turn closed the winding

Function of the relay winding RY 18 will switch on the relay Ry9, so that the contacts R Y9A to

winding R Y 19 switched on when closed at one to R Y9B (Fig. I). This will

high speed, the error signal is switched on at the winding Wi and therefore the me-

binding point./8 longer than during a pre-chaiische brake 43 released. The hand switch SW 4

correct period of time below that of the setting 50 and SWS are bridged by a circuit,

of the potentiometer R170 lies at a certain threshold. which contains a switch Κβ , which is controlled by the

The relay windings RY 18 and RY 19 actuate management indicator 45 is actuated, as well as contacts

One contact each RYISA or Ry 19A, which is in series RY6A, actuated by the relay winding R Y 6

with relay windings RY 7 and RY connected in parallel. The switch K 6 is only in the area of the

RY 8 are connected (Fig. 2). Therefore, if one of the 55 top dead center of the press is open, so that at one

Relay windings RY 18 or RY 19 switched off. Movement of the press out of this position

is, the windings R YS and RYl are also designed parallel circuit forms a holding circuit, which the energy

switches. casting supply to the press during a whole

When switching off the last-mentioned winding work cycle is maintained. The relay R YS opens

gen by opening the contacts RYISA and 60 normally closed contacts,? YSA and thereby separates the reference

Ry 19/4 the relay windings Ry 1 and RY3 signal line 49 from ground and closes at the same time

switched off, which «: the supply of the motor 19 contacts RYSB, so that various previously

or the circuits for the eddy current clutch matched reference signal voltages on this line

and control the eddy current brake. When switching off, applied via a resistor R 9 . When

ten of the winding RYi , the contacts 65 of the switch SW 3 are closed, 10 that the winding

R} '8ß opened, so that the ReSais winding RY 4 switched on with development RV 1% ! is going to the contacts

Help the contacts RYiA da: ·: Relay RY9 for the RY \ 9A to close * to) the normally closed contacts RY 10 Π

Actuation of the m.'chani ·. kort to open the brake to fall off, determined by the poientiometer Ri

21 22

output voltage the preselected speed- When on return of the press in its upper wedge. This speed is used for a very long dead center, the switches SW 4 and .S ¹ I-K5 are still closed for forward movement of the press or if these keepers are connected in parallel to facilitate the execution or placement of the press, such as this usually tern. If, on the other hand, the switches SV / 4 and ΛH'5 are 5 der l'all. is the press will not be confirmed in the above and the switch turned off ΛΊΚ3 not! '. eschlos- manner indicated, but it moves üon is located on the line 49 of the Poland-located with the determined by the potentiometer R 6 tiometer / ? 6 output voltage. This corresponds to speed through this top dead center behind normal speed, so that the press then through. Therefore, when the switches SWA and SWS are operated closed at a speed which will become io, the press will run continuously without being used for normal work, e.g. B. punching work, suitable to pause at top dead center. Even without a pauist. During different parts of the work cycle, the frequency of the press in a beder press can be varied with different preselected ranges from at least 4: 1 by operating speeds by using the switches the actual instantaneous speed during their Ki to K4 . The switches K 1 to K 4 are changed in 15 work cycles.

the in the manner described above in vorgc- Since in the above-described, with reselected angular position of the crankshaft 17 of the coupling working speed controller both press closed and open. As a result, the one tachometer coupling and one current-different relay windings RYH to RYiA feedback and an inversion for forcing are switched on one after the other, so that the changes in the excitation of the inductive vortex-ordered contacts are actuated and therefore those of current oscillations are used, the modem follows Potentiometer R 6 output voltage is replaced by the speed of the press very close to the previous voltages, which are each given by one of the selected target speeds, which are output to the changing potentiometer. Example- shift: nen potentiometers R 1 to Rl will be set wise by switching on the relay R Y 11 25, regardless of a considerable voltage across the potentiometer / ?? effective, changes in load, e.g. B. as a result of the Verdic a preselected part of the voltage of the Potcn forming a workpiece. As a result one can represent tiomcters /? Fi. By switching on one of these potentiometers in any of the relay windings RYiI to RYiA , a substantial range is selected so that the overall voltage becomes effective, which is selected with the help of one of the potentiometers or the stroke rate in a wide range of R 1 to R3 will. In this way, the range can be selected and, furthermore, the speed of the press within a working cycle of the press can be programmed to change the speed of the individual working cycle in each working cycle. In this way a previously unattainable spiclswcisc is achieved in such a way that the plunger can be precisely adjusted. For example, when using the controlled, slow speed in the factory, it will occur while the press is in a high manner possible to operate a press within a range. Speed opened and closed and from this to operate subfrequencies that are shortened like 10: 1 by the work cycle. cautiously, without a Wä'derwcchscl made. At the bottom dead center of the press the switch is closed, while it was previously considered impossible tcr K 5, so that a 4η was applied to the conductor 49, a press is optionally applied with stroke frequencies to voltage that operate by setting the that behave like 3 or 4 to 1. Because potentiometer RA is preselected. This voltage, the rotational speed of the centrifugal mass, even with a Verist, is usually chosen in such a way that it leads to a constant change in the acceleration of the stroke rate, which leads to nigiing. Since it is applied directly to the conductor 49 for all stroke frequencies within the whole body, it dominates over all other areas the same kinetic energy and speed signals, so that an additional energy can be relatively large at any moment for the movement of the Press can be transmitted through the clutch through their lower torques, since there is dead center at which additional energy is achieved at the desired speed. Da may be required. The Kin-Wcnn according to the invention differs through the press again in its top dead center 50 direction from the known, continuously adjustable returns, at which the switch K 6 is opened. Systems in which to reduce the speed, switching off the relay oscillation RY S causes the press to digkcit the speed of the flywheel mass, the contacts RY5A are closed, so that the contacts RY5A are grounded with the help of an eddy current coupling or other reference signal line 49 and thus the way is reduced would.

zero speed is brought about. From the curves shown in Fig. 9, the departure

Simultaneous switching off of the relay movement RY 6 dependency in the system according to the invention and

the contacts RY 6Λ are opened, so that the j _{n in} a known system with variable!

Holding circuit for the relay windings RYA to RYf> Flywheel speed available power and

is interrupted, the kinetic energy contacts are also opened from each stroke ratio RY6B (Fig. 1), so that the clutch winding is 60 The power and the kinetic energy

ment W \ expressed in percentage values regardless of the speed. M "n takes

controller is switched off. The relay weight RYA indicates that both systems have a constant speed

preferably works with drop-out delay and use motor and no complicated gear

thus opens the contacts RY4A with a low level of interconnection included. Hence there is a delay in both systems. As a result, the relay RY9 65 will pause the available power continuously

and thus also the winding Wi (Fig. '■) triggered operation of the stroke frequency is directly proportional

switches, so that the friction brake 43 the press. This is shown by curve A. The lei

can bring it to a complete standstill. Loss of power is due to the losses, you

11 /

necessarily occur in every slip clutch, with the help of which the molar speed is reduced to the press speed. Since the number of Working strokes per time unit is also directly proportional to the stroke freedom, is in both working methods Sufficient power to replace the energy dissipated by working on the workpieces Present.

In the system in which the speed of the flywheel is reduced, however, the available linear energy decreases with the square of the speed of the flywheel. This is represented by the curve R. By reducing the available inergy, the torque that is subtracted from the flywheel is drastically reduced, so that the capacity of the face, usually expressed in tons, is reduced. For example, in a system with a reduced centrifugal mass speed, 50 ⁿ / o is the maximum stroke rate] uen /. only a quarter of the 41 maximum kinetic energy is available. As a result of this rapid reduction in the available kinetic energy, such a prestress system becomes essentially ineffective or it can only operate with a greatly reduced capacity if the stroke frequency falls to less than half of its maximum value.

In the system according to the invention, on the other hand, the available kinetic energy remains essentially constant, as is shown in FIG. 9 at C. According to this method, a press can therefore work at full capacity at any selected speed in a speed range of at least 4: 1, since high instantaneous torques can be deducted from the flywheel at a constant speed. It can thus be seen that the system proposed here leads to an adaptability and a possibility of adjusting the speed which is otherwise not achievable in continuously operating press drives.

Since the use of tachometer feedback and current feedback and inversion in

ίο the manner described above also a sehi Precise control of the instantaneous speed of a press is allowed, so is speed control the synchronous operation of several presses (the operation of several presses in a certain temporal relationship to each other possible. Such operation of a group of presses is special advantageous if the presses perform different operations on each workpiece one after the other should and if for the transport of the work

ao pieces from one press to another one automatically Transport device to be used The speed regulator provided for each press can prevent any significant deviation from the desired common target speed. By applying another error signal that indicates the deviation in the phase position or dei Time control of a press from which the group is assigned to the corresponding control amplifier prevents any gradual deviation from the desired synchronous operation, even if each of the dei Pressing is continuously operated without a break between work cycles.

For this purpose 2 sheets of drawings

Claims (5)

Patent claims: 1. Speed-wedge-regulating AniriehssysUiv .. especially for presses, with a drive element, an abrasive link. a Wirhelsirom coupling with exciter winding / to optionally couple the driven member with the drive member, an eddy current brake with exciter winding / to optionally brake the output link. an execution / to produce a Feedback signal, the amplitude of which is a hunkiion of the Momenian speed of the link is. an execution / to generate i''i !! O> Rc.'iiL> v> jiia! S. dcs-cn Vmpliuule in iov!? w \ iigenr> ln.k, ne vomev · .lhlie Momeniangesi.lnvindi; 'kcii des Abtriehsgli.'des represents a facility / around I-rregen the kiipplungswickliing as a function of the algebraic difference wm / wipe the reference and the feedback-- · signal and a F inriehuing / um energizing the BremsuKkiuns: inversely dependent on the algebraic DilTeren / / wipe the reference and your feedback nijinal. marked by one on the reference and the feedback signal responsive Sielierheits-Bremseitii icht (59) for stopping the output gear. if true. ' of the company algebraic difference between the reference and feedback signals falls below oiler during a predetermined period of time Z- drive system according to claim 1, characterized in that the Sicherheitsheils-Bremseinrichlung (59) a capacitor (C "15 C16) and a capacitor when i her- or interspersed with the predetermined threshold by a from the DilTeren / of reference and Has a feedback signal formed Hehler signal (101, 102) with a vorheslimmbaren Gesehwindigkeil charging charging circuit. .V drive system according to claim 2, characterized by a measuring device (Q 19. Q10. Q 30. (_> 31). Which responds to the charge of the capacitor and stops the drive when the preselected value is exceeded by the charge of the capacitor 4 drive system according to claim .V characterized in that the measuring device (Q 19. QlQ, QiQ, QiI) has a flip-flop which can be switched from a first to a second state when the swell is exceeded by the I ehler signal 5 drive system according to claim 4, characterized in that the loading circuit (101. 102) for load the capacitor (C 15. Γ 16) contains an amplifier that the capacitor (C 15. C 16) is arranged in a feedback circuit for the amplifier and connected to the input of the amplifier applied signal integrated and that the flip-flop is in its / wide state Sends signal of preselected amplitude to the input circuit of the amplifier. (). Drive system according to one of claims 2 to S, characterized in that the Sicherheitsheils-Bremseinriehiui.g (59) an electrically controlled, mechanical brake (43) and a Sehalleinrich-I / O 18. RYW to switch off the eddy current brake (31) and the Clutch (21) and for ßeiätiüuim the mechanical brake (43) and also an execution (Q 19, QlQ, QiQ. QiI) / to actuate the switching device when a predetermined value is exceeded by the charge of the capacitor.