DE1763043C

DE1763043C - Polarized synchronous micro motor

Info

Publication number: DE1763043C
Application number: DE19681763043
Authority: DE
Inventors: Gunter Dipl.-Phys. 8500 Nürnberg; Benzinger Hans Dipl.-Phys. 4100 Duisburg-Buchholz Vieweg
Original assignee: Siemens AG
Current assignee: Siemens AG
Filing date: 1968-03-27
Publication date: 1973-04-12

Description

Es sei nun der Fall betrachtet, daß zwischen den Ständerleitblechen S und den klauenpolkränzen 6 keine Scheiben 8 aus unmagnetischem Material eingefügt sind. Es liegen dann die Klauenpolkränze 6 satt an den Ständerleitblechen 5 an, so daß der Ständerkreis einen relativ geringen magnetischen Widerstand aufweistLet us now consider the case that between the Stator guide plates S and the claw pole wreaths 6 no disks 8 made of non-magnetic material are inserted are. The claw pole rings 6 then lie snugly against the stator guide plates 5, so that the stator circle has a relatively low magnetic resistance

Liegt die Ständerspule 1 nicht an Spannung, so wird der Ringmagnet 10 in bezug auf die Pole 9 eine solche Stellung einnehmen, daß der magnetische Widerstand des vom Ringmagneten 10 erregten Kreises ein Minimum wird. Ohne die Scheiben 8 weist der Ständerkreis, der von zwei benachbarten Läuferpolen S, N über die Luftspalte 12, die zugehörigen Pole 9, die Klauenpolkränze 6, die Ständerleitbleche 5 und'den Kern 4 verläuft, einen wesentlich geringeren magnetischen Widerstand auf, als der magnetische Kreis, der vom Läuferpol N über den Luftspalt 1"2, den darüberliegenden Pol 9, den Arbeitsluftspalt 15, den danebcnliegenden weiteren Pol 9, den Luftspalt 12, zum Läuferpol S des Läufermagneten verläuft. Wie sich aus Fig. 1 und 3 ersehen läßt, wird der magnetische Widerstand des Ständerkreises dann ein Minimum, wenn die magnetischen Achsen der Läuferpole mit den Schwerpunktachsen der Pole 9 zusammenfallen, das heißt unter jedem Pol 9 ein Läuferpol N bzw. S zu liegen kommt.If the stator coil 1 is not energized, the ring magnet 10 will assume such a position with respect to the poles 9 that the magnetic resistance of the circuit excited by the ring magnet 10 becomes a minimum. Without the disks 8, the stator circle, which runs from two adjacent rotor poles S, N via the air gaps 12, the associated poles 9, the claw pole rims 6, the stator guide plates 5 and the core 4, has a significantly lower magnetic resistance than the magnetic one Circle which runs from the rotor pole N via the air gap 1 "2, the overlying pole 9, the working air gap 15, the other adjacent pole 9, the air gap 12, to the rotor pole S of the rotor magnet. As can be seen from FIGS. 1 and 3, the magnetic resistance of the stator circle is then a minimum when the magnetic axes of the rotor poles coincide with the centroid axes of the poles 9, that is, a rotor pole N or S comes to lie under each pole 9.

Diese Stellung der Läuferpole S, N zu den Polen 9 hat zur Folge, daß beim Anlegen einer Wechselspannung an die Ständerspule I kein Drehmoment zwischen Ständer und Läufer erzeugt wird, so daß der Läufer aus dieser Stellung nicht anzulaufen in der Lage ist. Bei jeder Abweichung aus dieser Lage läuft jedoch der Motor an. Durch die vom Läufer angetriebene Last und durch Reibungsverhältnisse wird zwar die Stellung, in der kein Drehmoment ausgeübt wird, selten erreicht, kommt aber gelegentlich doch immer wieder vor, was nicht nur unerwünscht, sondern auch unter allen Umständen vermieden werden muß.This position of the rotor poles S, N relative to the poles 9 has the consequence that when an alternating voltage is applied to the stator coil I, no torque is generated between the stator and the rotor, so that the rotor is unable to start from this position. With every deviation from this position, however, the motor starts up. Due to the load driven by the rotor and due to the friction conditions, the position in which no torque is exerted is seldom reached, but it does happen again and again, which is not only undesirable but must also be avoided under all circumstances.

Durch die Einlage der Scheiben 8 zwischen den Klauenpolkränzen 6 und den Ständerleiiblechen S wird künstlich ein Luftspalt in Stärke der Scheibe 8 erzeugt, der den magnetischen Widerstand des Ständerkreises entsprechend heraufsetzt. Es genügt bereits eine relativ dünne Kunststoffscheibe, um den magnetischen Widerstand des Ständerkreises so weit /uBy inserting the disks 8 between the claw pole wreaths 6 and the stator lead plates S. an air gap in the thickness of the disk 8 is artificially created, which reduces the magnetic resistance of the stator circle increases accordingly. A relatively thin plastic washer is enough to put the magnetic Resistance of the stator circle so far / u

ίο erhöhen, daß bei unerregter Ständerspulc 1 der magnetische Widerstand des sich über die Arbeitsluftspalte 15 schließenden, vom Ringmagneten IO erregten Kreises kleiner als der magnetische Widerstand des Ständerkreises ist. In diesem Falle nehmen die Läuferpole N und S die in Fig. 3 gezeichnete Stellung ein. Die einzelnen Pole 9 der Klauenpolkränze 6 hiiden dann zwischen den Läuferpolen N und .S' eine magnetische Brücke. Der magnetische Widerstand des über die Arbeitsluftspalt 15 gebildeten niagncti-ίο increase that when the stator coil 1 is unexcited, the magnetic resistance of the circuit which closes via the working air gap 15 and is excited by the ring magnet IO is smaller than the magnetic resistance of the stator circuit. In this case, the rotor poles N and S assume the position shown in FIG. The individual poles 9 of the claw pole rings 6 then form a magnetic bridge between the rotor poles N and .S '. The magnetic resistance of the niagncti-

ao sehen Kreises könnte zwar auch durch Verkleinerung der Arbeitsluftspalte 15 ernietlrigt werden, aber dies hütte den Nachteil, daß durch die damit zwangsweise verbundene Verbreiterung der Pole 9 eine trapezförmige Flußverteilung längs des Luftspaltes 12 ent-ao see circle could also be done by downsizing of the working air gap 15, but this have the disadvantage that the widening of the poles 9, which is inevitably associated therewith, becomes trapezoidal Flow distribution along the air gap 12

stehen würde, die infolge ihres Oberwellcngehaltes Drehschwingungen des Permanentmagnetläufers hervorrufen würde.which would cause torsional vibrations of the permanent magnet rotor due to their harmonic content would.

Es hat sich gezeigt, daß bereits ein Luftspalt von 0,2 mm mittels der Scheibe 8 ausreichend ist, um eine eindeutige Anlaufstellung des Motors zu erhalten. Überraschenderweise hat sich hierbei gezeigt, daß die Einfügung dieses Luftspaltes nur einen kaum merklichen Leistungsabfall zur Folge hat. Die Scheiben 8 können aus jedem beliebigen unmagnetischenIt has been shown that an air gap of 0.2 mm by means of the disk 8 is sufficient to to get a clear starting position of the motor. Surprisingly, it has been shown here that the introduction of this air gap only results in a barely noticeable drop in performance. The disks 8 can consist of any non-magnetic

Material gefertigt sein. Vorzugsweise wird man sie aus Kunststoff herstellen.Be made of material. They will preferably be made of plastic.

Selbständiger Schutz für die Merkmale des Anspruchs 2 wird nicht begehrt.Independent protection for the features of claim 2 is not sought.

Hierzu 1 Blatt Zeichnungen1 sheet of drawings

Claims

I 2 German patent specification 1 091 662 already known, claims: an air gap or a non-magnetic Ma material strip between the overlapping rods

1. Polarized synchronous micro motor with the halves to insert and so the magnetic one concentrically surrounding a magnetic core- 5 to increase resistance in the stator circle. To this the stator coil, the two end faces of which is achieved by way of that the permanent magnet rotor with the magnetic core and with claw poles in one position when the motor coasts down Conductively connected, level stator guide remains, in which each rotor pole of two stator poles sheets are covered, and with one of claws is overlapped approximately evenly. From such a ;, The motor can start again between the poles, surrounded by concentric poles. Through a Add non-magnetic material strips to the levels of the stator guide plates manentmagnctlaut, whose rotor shaft is parallel to the overlap point of the two stand halves The assembly of the known motor is magnetic to the magnetic core axis of bearings non-conductive material is worn, making it difficult.

the stator guide plates one-piece claw pole 15 The invention is based on the object

wreaths attached and centered by the bearings of a motor of the type mentioned the ma

according to patent I 638 576, thus gnetic resistance for the

characterized in that at least to be arranged between the flux in the stator circle so that at

a claw pole ring (6) and a stator control - simple structure of the motor a safe start

sheet (S) a disc (8) made of non-magnetic 20 is guaranteed.

Material is inserted. The solution to the task at hand succeeds

2. Synchronous KIeinstmotor according to claim 1, the invention in that at least between characterized in that the disc (8) consists of a claw pole ring and a stator guide plate Made of plastic. a disc made of non-magnetic material

s5 adds is.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, the disk is made of plastic.

With reference to the drawing, in which an embodiment of a motor according to the invention is shown 30, the invention will be explained in more detail. It shows

The main patent relates to a polarized Fig. I a section of the motor according to the invention

th synchronous miniature motor with a single magnet

core concentrically surrounding stator coil, the Fig. 2 of which shows the two claws arranged at the end

both end faces through with the magnetic core and with polar rings with the non-magnetic disks and the Claw poles magnetically connected, flat 35 permanent magnet rotors in an extended, Stand guide plates are covered, and with a perspective view,

Claw poles surrounded concentrically, between FIGS. 3 a part of the two claw pole rings in

Planes of the stator guide plates arranged Pcrma- developed representation together with different-; u * ntmagnetlaufcr, whose rotor shaft is parallel to the positions of the rotor poles.
Magnetic core axis of bearings made of magnetically non-magnetic 40. I denotes a stator coil which is carried on conductive material, with a coil body 2 made of plastic being wound on the stator. derleilblechen one-piece Khuienpolkränze attached With 3 terminal lugs are designated. The Spulcn- and are kept centered by the bearings. body 2 is on a core 4 made of magnetically conductive

In order for such motors to be made of a favorable material, which is at the ends To obtain a degree of efficiency, as low as possible 45 is set off and carries stator guide plates 5. On these The air gap between the rotor and the stator pole, as well as a claw pole rims 6 through riveted bearings 7 low magnetic resistance of the stator circuit attached. Aimed at increasing the magnetic resistance. This has the consequence that in the event of an unregulated state of the stator circle there are between stator conductors Stator coil of the magnetic rotor to the sheet metal 5 and claw pole wreaths 6 plastic disc stator poles Tried so that the axes 50 ben 8 inserted. The poles 9 of the claw pole wreaths 6 The rotor poles with the center of gravity axes of the stan concentrically surround the permanent magnet rotor, tlei poles coincide, since in this case the bark over its ring magnet 10 on the rotor shaft 11 Air gap / wipe permanent magnet rotor and is fixed. At 12 is the air gap between the ring stator poles running, designated by the permanent magnet 10 and the poles 9. Poles 9 magnets of the rotor excited magnetic circuit in 55 are surrounded by a plastic tube 13, which the stünderkreis a considerably smaller magnet than a spacer between the two stator tables Resistance vorlindet than serves over the stator plates 5.

pole and air gap. If the axes fall, however, FIG. 2 shows the one shown in an exploded manner

The pole of the permanent magnet rotor with the heavy claw pole rings 6 with the one on the rotor shaft 11 If the stator pole pimktaxen, then with 60 fixed ring magnets 10 and the plastic Weehselstrnmerregung no torque generated, slice 8.

that is, the motor cannot start. As can be seen from Fig. 3, the tangible

Therefore, it is not possible to say with certainty whether the air gap 15 running in the radial direction between the ring magnet has come to rest again when the excitation is switched off starts up. 10 and the poles 9. The ring magnet 10 has

In order to achieve a reliable start-up of a polarized syn- so many rotor poles / V, S of alternating polarity on, chron-Klcinsimntors, it is from the as poles on the claw pole kriinzen vorhnmlpn * m, i