DE1761321A1 - Device for the production of fibrous bodies - Google Patents

Description

Patent attorneys Dipl.-Ing. F. "Weickmann, Dr. Ing.A. Weickmann

Dipl.-Ing. H. Weickmann, Dipu-Phys. Dk. K. Fincke D1PL.-ING. F. A. Weic * mann, Dipl.-Chem. B. Hube *

I MÖNCHEN 17, DEN 1761321 MDHLSTILASSE 22, CALL NUMBER 413921/22

Sch / GI

AMERICAN MCHINS & FOUNDRY COMPANY, New York, NoY ,, V. St, A ₀

Apparatus for producing fibrous bodies

The invention relates to the field of deformation and the shape of pulp and particularly relates to the growth of objects, whereby fibers or other materials present in the front of individual particles change in a well-considered manner during the growth to a predetermined pattern will.

In particular, the present invention relates to the
Production of thick-walled, ready-to-use liquid filter elements «· ** · or cartridges ·

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Heretofore, for example, filter cartridges have been made by the methods described in U.S. Patent Nos. 2,539,767 and 2,539,768 produced, au whose implementation a slurry of a fiber-like material is produced and drained into a sump, in which growth takes place on a shaped shaping device with old openings proved suitable, in which the density of the turkey (expressed either in g / oom or duroh the pore size) by the whole object hindu to the extent to which it grows, can be changed by controlling the procedure Rather, there is a dense gradation from inside to outside Surface of practically all of the grown material. Bins such gradation is to be attributed to the process, since the Paseraufsohiohtungen on the fibers as well as the available Decrease anwaohsdruok in different ways in the maggot, in which the deposit becomes thicker and larger in size. The more open the structure, the more unavoidable the gradation is and has been found to be essentially uncontrollable. Furthermore, it was impractical with the previously known methods while growing from one fiber to another see below wheezing, without the shaping device having the holes Transferring from their insulation bath to another Sad eu and a dividing line «like the same successive fiber layers BU esseugeno Zusätelioh it was with the hitherto used

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known processes difficult to control in a precise manner the weight of the grown material au.

In US Pat. No. 3,158,532 an attempt was made to vary the pore size in a fibrous body deposited from a slurry containing fibers to unite insulations, each of which contains other fibers, whereby thin foils of perforated fibers are formed according to methods not explained in more detail, which have a maximum thickness of 3.5 mm (just over 1/8 ")." This process actually represents a the form of a batchwise carried out papermaking represents, wherein a partly mixed material is placed on a sieve ₀ the method has, regardless of the unknown FaserzurÜc.ihaltungS "assembly in that a similarity with that in the US patent described methods 2539768 than the US Patent 3,158,532 a continuous flow of a uniform one containing a fiber ends slurry teaches? regardless of the fact whether the fibers have different sizes in an indiscriminate distribution at the point at which they are formed.

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The processes described in the aforementioned US patents involve feeding the slurry or the insoles eu the place where that from If a material consisting of a rope is separated from its vehicle, no attention is paid. Perner won't be that The volume of the slurry in the sink still decreased Pay attention. It has now been found, however, that the sank size, the volume of liquid contained in the sump, the control of the supply of slurry in such a sump and the control of the liquid level in are of the utmost importance to the sinking. Are these critical factors in a corresponding manner during manufacture dioc-walled tubular structures matched to one another, then products with precisely determined weight, pore content and pore grit can be produced in a simple manner, with the Pore grits can optionally be enlarged or reduced, and swar during the growth of the pores.

The present invention has the accomplishment of the following Goals set:

a) Creation of a method and a device to control the wire of the grown material through the entire thickness of an object manufactured in this way through.

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b) Creation of a new procedure and a device to control the increase in weight.

o) Provision of a device in which the deposition of the components of a growing object is approaching Can be stopped and resumed at will without having an adverse effect on the course of the procedure

d) Sohaffung a new Vorriohtung and through which the components of a Anwaohses may be altered during their deposition methods, wherein such a change gradually takes place and remains no clear transitions line d _o h _o that the change is abrupt, without causing a There is a tendency towards deicing α

e) Creation of a new Anwaohsmethode, one from one Individual Paser (for example cotton lint) manufactured object can be processed in such a way that the product obtained has different properties throughout the deposit, these properties corresponding to a predetermined pattern.

f) Acquisition of a new form of water supply device

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which such applications are simplified and a simple and effective control of the Anwaohsverfahrenfl is made possible.

How the above mentioned as well as other, not explained in more detail goals can be realized »goes from the following description in connection with the attached drawing- ' statements in more detail.

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a front of a Vorrlohtung, which is suitable for growth of filter elements is.

FIG. 2 shows a modified and more versatile form of the device represented by FIG.

Figure 3 shows the fiber distribution through in a similar way a rope part of a thick-walled tubular filter element of the "Tiefenfliter" type.

fig. 4-7 are similar to fig.

First of all, it should be noted that »under" slurry "a · present in rope loop form · wet · as well as “in nosiness vehicle

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should be understood in a concentration suitable for growth. In contrast, the term "feedstock" refers to any other concentration, usually {with a lower ratio of liquid solids, for example, a material which is contained in the material boxes of Figure 1, the function of which will be explained later in more detail, ₀ The distinction 1st arbitrarily , however common. The term "7orform ⁿ inspects calibration λ has been crocheted approaches ϊητ-a grown article according to the invention., Prior to completion of the Irooknungshärtung and a finishing process. The term" molding device ^11, a "tree" or "provided with Läohern form "Devices are to be understood as having one or more bodies or parts on which the fibrous material is formed or deposited." Such devices can be of any shape, size or construction

When also describing the present invention with reference to FIG Manufacture of cylindrical filter bodies is explained, so it is nevertheless clear that also conical bodies, such as cups, hats, bathroom speakers, are right-angled Bodies, such as, for example, boxes and containers, as well as bodies of any shape according to the method according to the invention Can be made by simply using the cylindrical

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"shaping device ^{11 is converted} by a" shaping device ⁿ with the usual shape and size.

The method according to the invention consists of various stages, which nooh discussed in more detail will. Your Eueanmengefaeet is to be noted that a such cycle from sequential production and supplying a sufficient amount of a fibrous fc material as well as forming one or a plurality of bodies in predetermined and laterally one upon another There is coordinated relationships · Both the description as well as the device described explains the growth of a single body. Xs 1st natttrlioh clarifies that the Principles of manufacture, loading and growth also on the equilateral formation of a Vleleahl Ten bodies on a shaping device or on shaping devices can be applied by the Besohiokung takes place in correspondingly predetermined quantities at certain times, with the production stage in corresponding catfish is controlled.

First, one or more Besohiokungsmaterial with different fiber properties provided · Such Surfacing materials can be made by any of the known methods. You can take precautionary measures from a

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consist of fiber-like material that has been fiberized and / or fibrillated into separate individual fibers, the fibers being mixed with a liquid vehicle ₀ Normally the vehicle consists of water, but other liquids, such as alcohol, can also be used. The number and types of materials depend on the type of growth desired as well as the various properties such as the type of fiber and the treatments to which the fiber is subjected to make it different from other forms of the same fiber to make, from "below is especially closer to the figure 3 _s received which different Anwaohsungen with different fiber content showed

In the second stage of the process according to the invention a lot of descriptive material "what a predetermined one." Contains amount of fiber from the feedstock reservoir Preferably withdrawn in a certain amount If this measured amount is stored separately, it is also possible to proceed in such a way that the measured material is stored during is separated from the larger amount of boiling material for at least a certain period of time during the manufacturing process. The amount of each fiber measured will be calculated in such a way that it is essentially the amount of fiber

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corresponds to what is required to form a respective body in a "pre-forming stage". It should be noted that, of course, if only one fiber is required for "preforming", only one covering material will be measured out for this purpose End product is desired, measured and so old. Furthermore, the total amount of measured fibers also depends essentially on the total amount of fibers that are used in the gate forming stage ¹¹ as well as in the initial stage.

In the third stage, a measured amount of slurry is fed to a growing vessel in a predetermined sequence. This order of course depends on the type and the desired product, but essentially it is necessary that the fiber? which should anwaoh- ψ sen is fed first, after which the remaining fibers are added in sequence, at this point it is possible to mix either the whole slurry or only a part of it with another slurry to achieve a desired mixture “However, such a procedure is not necessarily preferable, since such a mixture can be produced more economically using other methods. Bs is

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however, it should be noted that the insoles are preferred be sucked one after the other, with one of them dorartlgen procedure advantage achieved will be explained in more detail below, Sq is also possible that of the series after added Aufsehlämmungen to be fed in such a way that between each supply elapses for an indefinite period of time. As you can see from your description of the growth stage, one is practicing such pause does not adversely affect the growth the end. In contrast to the methods known up to now, there are no waste removal, drilling of surfaces or other disadvantageous structural defects between the layers of the different fibers. According to a preferred method to carry out the present invention is the open vessel represents the end of a conduit containing the slurry, it is designed in an expedient manner in such a way that it the conveying device (or the form), on which the renewable material is deposited, can accommodate = It is measured in terms of its size in such a way that a uniform Aufsohlämmungeetrom to the shaping device is guaranteed, with baffle «or other, flow distributing devices can be used to achieve this goal. The vessel is also preferred with a source of one compatible with the slurry Liquid connected, this liquid consisting in two <3kraäs3iger wise of spent slurry

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can. One can make a much larger vessel than the one above use vessels of the order of magnitude described, but the latter should be preferred insofar as it offers unique advantages, such as aas the description below follows in more detail «

The filling vessel in which the final stage is carried out ^ is not needed in any special way from the usual to distinguish known constructions, even if a vessel is explained in the following description, which has clearly new structural features. However, the vessel has a relatively smaller size than the vessels previously used and is hereinafter referred to as "small" vessel. The "small" vessel is preferably of such a size that it can only contain the slurry and an essential amount of a carrier liquid on it. which suffices to keep the pasers in an arbitrary sus- * to keep pension and a sufficient pressure gradient, vacuum gradient or other gradient for a successful course Matting operation is maintained. It should be pointed out that the exact size of the vessel cannot be given, as it depends on the final size of the grown body or body, the amount of insulation added, the speed, old to which the slurry is fed, as well as from the Oe-

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the speed at which the growth takes place depends. In view of the above factors, the vessel should be as small as possible, with only enough fiber to complete a single growth cycle. The method by which the small tank on is used most advantageously is described below !, keeping in mind the fact that It is highly desirable to keep the shaping device (as well as the evolving process) in a liquid, from the beginning to the end of the process cycle Vessel inserted and connected to a suitable drainage pipe (for example a suction connection to a pump) « The vessel is then dipped in with a sram shape-giving gate direction filled with sufficient liquid. The liquid can be from a slurry, a spent slurry, or another compatible one If the forming device is completely immersed, a suction effect is exerted on it and, at the same time, the previously measured amount of insulation is applied to the vessel at a corresponding speed fed. If, for some reason, the speed is not sufficient, the forming device in thawed Maintain a state of affairs, then a different "clear liquid" is used to achieve this goal for the horny one. The little one The individual Aufsohlänrnrungen can be used one after the other and

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may be listed selectively on such slopes "" - oak correspond to the desired amounts of material for the anwaoheen, thereby submerging the forming device it can be maintained that a clear liquid is added to the vessel if necessary. This makes it possible a separate predetermined amount of an anticipatory. To deposit material before the next material, which gradually grows to the first level, is supplied, without the shaping device being made from an eyelet must be transferred to another. Furthermore none arises Bark or interface »between successive layers from grown material

Further, it is möglioh, BuzufUhren a "wide Faseraufschlämoung the Gefass, while at least another ^one is intended to the first Faseraufsohlämmung in the Gefäas is · The resulting grown material besitet a layer in which ▼ erflochten the two fibers by means of a strong, non-laminar bond are. As discussed below in more detail oh no ", numerous variations are muglioh.

Growing takes place using one after the other Bugeftthr » the insulation until the last suspension is essentially used up.

dig grown material as well as a certain amount of 3iner practically clear liquid obtained · At this point can

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the "preform ¹ * are removed" Before this, a treatment with a resin or another fixative can be carried out, after which the preform is cut, shaped, dried or treated by another known method for the finishing of grown materials o

The following is one for carrying out the inventive Process suitable device described. In the description of the device more and more details are given specified over various process stages. It's on it to point out that the description of the device is not intended to limit the invention, since other corresponding devices have also proven to be suitable.

Figure 1 shows such an apparatus with the help of which thick-walled tubular filter elements can be made, which consist of two different materials or Materlallen with different properties, for example from two fibers, one of which is coarse and the other fine, or one of which is long and the other short, the fibers being distributed in a predetermined arrangement are, as can be seen, for example, from FIG. 3. This figure shows the ratio of the one at any point Fiber to another. Assuming cran from the inner surface, the solid line gives 100 # of the fine fibers and no coarse fibers again. At a short distance

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the deposited amount of coarse Paeera steadily increases "honoring the amount of the fine fibers as long as _P decreases until at the outer surface or at the" binding "of the fiber content is fully coarse.

FIG. 1 shows a container 10 for the soling material, in which a relatively large, undetermined amount of a soling material with coarse fibers A is contained in a suitable liquid vehicle, for example water. Also provided is a container 12 for a boiling material in which, similarly, fine fibers B are contained in a suitable liquid vehicle. This boiling material is identified below with B _{0 its} line 13 with a control valve 14 calls for the loading * material A by allowing it to drain into an oven 16, while a similarly arranged valve 18 in the line 17 but! Removal ψ of the boiling material B into the container 20 serves · These valves can be operated manually or, if necessary, · by means of another device. In contrast to the containers A and B, the vessels 16 and 20 are designed in such a way that they are able to hold specific quantities of initial insulation. A line 22 leads from the vessel 16 to the vessel 20, the material flowing through this line being controlled by means of a valve arrangement, which consists of a shut-off valve 24 and / or an adjustable flow

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regulating valve 25 is * Another line 26 leads via a flexible cable 28 to the holding vessel 30, whereby valve devices 24 'and 25%, which are similar to the valves 24 and 25, control the liquid flow from the Q-bottle 20 into the holding vessel 30. It should be pointed out that the valve 24 * is attached at a certain distance below the vessel 20 and forms a small chamber 32, the purpose of which will be discussed in more detail below ο stirrers of any desired type, which are indicated by the reference numbers 34 and 34 ^! are preferably placed in receptacles 16 and 20 «

the metered feed vessels 16 and 20 is one ^ Waxing device attached different from the Anwaohsvorriohtung described in US Pat. No. 2,539,763 is * This vessel is a preferred embodiment, however, it is not essential for carrying out the method according to the invention. Me Anwaohereinriohtung 30 consists of a fixed foundation 36, which on or over is attached to a collecting vessel 38, there is a drainage line 40 has "A suction tube 42 leads to a source but the generation of subatmospheric pressure, for example eu one non-roped evacuation pump, the current through line 42 being controlled by means of a valve 42 *. Sine with Overhead porm or forage device 44 each to produce a suitable construction for the duroh growth

1 09825/0546

the article is attached to the line 42. In the embodiment of the present invention represented by this vigor, the communicating device consists of a metal tube with a diameter Veloher the inner diameter of the thick-walled pipe ghnlioh is what is to be made by growing ο It is provided with a pair of flanges 46 and 48, duroh which the band, flat of the grown material (like duroh the dashed lines 50 shown). The upper Planeoh 48 should sloh in easier catfish from the let the shaping device 44 separate to allow removal of the grown material su. Additionally the Anwaohevorrlohtung 30 consists of a cylindrical Dumbbell 52, which is by means of a conventional, non-glued one Device is held on the foundation 36, wherein it is removable from this in a simple manner. The connection between the individual ropes is preferably made from an oring thread 54, although other types of threading are also well suited.

The jacket 52 is supplied by a manifold or conduit 56 surrounded, with one end of the flexible sole tube 28 over the Connection 58 is connected to the manifold or conduit 56. Its series of openings 60 allow passage between the conduit and the inner recess 62 which by which the! foundation 36 and the jacket 5t are formed · The

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In the present case, openings 60 are arranged approximately in the middle of the part to be produced by growing. A hollow, essentially cylindrical baffle 64, which can consist of a sheet metal tube, is held in place by fastening arms, such as those indicated by reference number 66 , forming a concentric wall around the growing material. The baffle 64 prevents the incoming slurry from impacting directly on the growing material 50, while at the same time providing a uniform distribution | Development of the slurry over the entire length of the conveying device 44 enabled, so that a uniform distribution of the growing material takes place.

A second connection 68 is provided to attach a flexible conduit 40 leading to a valve 72 for supplying a liquid compatible with the slurry, for example for supplying water or spent slurry. Furthermore, water can flow into the vessels 16 and 20 through valves 74 and 76, respectively. Indicators for the water level as they are sohematisoh by the reference numbers 78 and 80 as well as 82 are marked, are in dealings 16 and 20 or in the heating device 30 are provided ”, similar indicators 84, 86 and 88 which deal with the slurry level in Figs respond in the Anwaohseinrichtung are provided. These display devices are used to control the insulation

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mirrors are used in the containers to enable reproducible measuring. "Xontroll * ¹ * should be understood to mean the giving of a corresponding signal for the manual actuation of the various valves or a signal for a device operating the valves.

The implementation of the process according to the invention using the device described begins with the filling of the supply unit 30 with a suitable clear liquid, for example water, which is fed through the line 70. Then through the inquiring device 44, on which the water is being grown, sucked through the line 42 and the valve 42 *. In the meantime, a predetermined slope of each Besohiokuagsaatcrals, which in total only occurs for one amount, is directed from the containers A and B into the vessels 16 and 20. All orders are sent to an AnwaoliaeiariOAtag 30 through selective operation of the valve 25 and 25 * via the line 28. The operation of the valve · 25 «ad 25 * enables a controlled ·· operation of separate or combined footing at dl · AsHaoAeeinrioAtang 30 m of changing times.

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The total amount of liquid and soles in the anwaoheinriehtung 50 can of course easily be reduced Inlet valve · 72 and outlet valve 31 as well as through the the measuring regulating valves 25 and 25 'and regulating the suction valve 41. For example, if the valves 25 and 25 * are set in such a way that they let through as much slurry from the Oefäss HO in a given time as the slurry from the Gtefäß 16 »then if the material sucked off via the line 28 is at the beginning start to 100 jt from the slurry B »with the flow the slurry A from the Oefäss 16 into the Gtefäss 20 see however, the proportions change continuously during the cycle »so that sohliessliqh an essentially 100 pound insulation A drains off. With such a Operating mode would get an increase »as it was through the Figure 3 is reproduced. A setting of the relative flow velocities or the proportions of the quantities of Insulation in the containers can be used, | the fiber distribution in an unlimited number of patterns » for which figures 3-7 are examples »change below.

So far, the shaping device has been »for example the Device 44 »immersed in an insole bath and removed when a sufficient amount of material has grown was. In the present case, on the other hand, the shaping device 44 is placed in an empty oven

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Bad ana ei & ar clear activity tauont _v whereupon a previously approved and corrected hi-fi hiiiiiii in the bath "with a controlled yi"ageaohwlndlg> olt M is shown exactly at the other times. Ha the amount of the bath is only Λτ anwaoheayklua auereioht, weloher roreugeneiee duxoh the application of a suction effect vtrd, among other things in the veeentllohen dae ganae anwaoheftUiige material was invented and the method is also stored inside the moving door direction Design of precisely adjustable Oegenetttnde. During the letaten Phaee if dl · öefleee 16 and 20 emptied aind "orden dea Anwaoheene _v, httt Yaaeer, welohee is led via the valve 22, dae bath in the Anwaoheeinriohtung 30 aeinea Minimal mirror so daee daa angewaoheene material is held feuoht. .

When the start-up is finished and the data is in the start-up unit 30 on the f oaagebeoAem device 44 are deposited, all become nqaatgfrelteauftthiren interrupted, whereupon the Anwaoheeinriohtung 30 over te « Valve 31 is emptied. Aneohlieeeenfl we «the coat 52 Bit the Leltbleoh € 4 and if necessary the Tlanaeh 48 in well known angtHftbtn, ao daee nan lugang nu den ange waoheenen material 50 er & Ut »un these« nu remove and

BATH ORIGINAL

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then treat welter bu.

Optionally, after the growth is complete, the shaping device 44 can also be lifted out of the bath in a known manner, but the method mentioned above is preferred, since it is possible when using it to free the accrued material from any excess liquid before it is removed xn « "This largely prevents the risk of breakage" or a loosening of a rope of the vasern.

This is followed by the chamber 32 at the bottom of the fleftteeee 20 received «This chamber is so proportioned that the presence of a sufficient amount of the undiluted slurry B is swirled around in order to be able to achieve the result shown in FIG with the Besugessahl 90 marked the iaeer B su wtChrlelsten. This body, which is the inner represents the area of a radially inwardly extending cartridge, determines its density. The same result can be obtained by opening the valve 24 'before the valve 24 However, such a procedure is not as evocative as that Use of a chamber, such as chamber 62, there precise control of the valves is required. However, if the single laser person is to occupy a considerable volume, then it may be easier to use a valve setting on the control system. XIa diagram fttr a

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BATH ORIGINAL

such material that has grown on is singed la fig. 4 · SIa such material let then from later ··· «· if • The liquidity is to be filtered, dl a large Amount of lights contains which with regard to their species at the level of the locality of the part of the river to be removed. The examples for a controlled graded view, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, are shown

Use of the relatively small Anwaohsgefllsees, which there " The material used can be fed to controlled quantities at any speed, to produce.

VI · already mentioned, elad la dea öefaeeen 16 vad 20 la der Anwaoheeinriohtung 30 Ineeigerorriohtungen rorgeeehen. They can be used therefor «lafeohlHnntngevad others Tleelgkelteeiiegel m monitor, «1 · is explained below. Ia the growth! Nrlohtqng 30 controls the absorption limngsanBeigeyorriohtung 88 dl · insole length ι • iitlle 24 vad 24 * la a solohea Velse that the anfeohltssnagsspiegel remains at a corresponding level as long as dl · air supply during a lyklu · aadavert. SdLe nttMlgfceltsanseigeTorriohtvag 82, welohe 4m TeatU 7t, let a little deeper than the Aof »nhi Msiiiigsi nntf tu r ι ichtvag 88 appropriate, but above the f ossgebeadea Torrle & teag 44 » so that a Tltlseigkeltssplegel avfreoht is obtained, which

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BATH

rather, it prevents the accumulated material from failing appropriate time to dry. In the CtefKesen 16 and 20, the Aufsohlämmungsanselgevorriohtungen 84 and 86 serve to control the Besohämmungsmaterlalbehllterventile 14 and 18, see above that only a predetermined amount of Aufsohlatasangs in each Vessels is introduced. The volumetric flow control panel devices 78 and 80 are arranged to meet the liquid control valve 74 baw. 76 control »your installation Is not essential, but they can be used to dilute the expansion in their corresponding gelites.

the duration of the loading in

the growth rate for a given flow rate valve scale can be extended by setting a diluent which prevents the flow rate of the adhesive material. In fact, a dilution can be used to fine tune the BesohiokungsgesohwinrtigTreit voreunehmen _e-Bätzlioh to a liquid may be used DAEU, clean the öefäBse and Anwaohseinrlohtung shown below.

The device shown in FIG. 2 corresponds essentially to the device according to FIG. 1, the difference is only that the material feeders have been modified so that structures as shown by Figures 5, 6 and 7.

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given as described above.

This is achieved by adding a third slurry to 0 as well as crossing · and lifting lines are provided · under Using this device, for example, the structure shown in FIG. 5 can be produced » which consists of an initial sole from Taser A and a sioh there is no transition to the base of the Tasersohioht B, where after a certain period of time gradually a larger one becoming amount of! fibers a sugesetst will · this way a tilter with a larger exit surface with fibers A is obtained than is the case with the products of FIGS. 3 and 4 of the Pail, which are similar in their dimensions, so that, if all other factors are the same, such a thing Tilter exerts less resistance to tying «Figure 6 shows a construction made using the by. Figure 2 reproduced device can also be produced. Babel are physically relatively weak appetites with different degrees of fineness, which through A and B are marked, in a similar manner as indicated in Figure 3, arranged and allowed to grow, whereupon it is smoothed by means of an inner and kissable layer of physically strong fibers (marked with 0) which, if necessary, provided that this aoheint, have a filtering effect, but primarily serve a mechanical support

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FIG. 7 shows another structure in which three components are arranged one after the other without doing so there is a transition from the one material to the anieren.

FIG. 2 is explained in more detail below. The parts which correspond to 3 of the corresponding ropes of the Pigur 1 »are marked with the same reference numerals · The vessel 16 for receiving the slurry A is | arranged in such a way that its contents pass through the Gtefäß 20 for selective mixing with the slurry B or passed around the vessel 20 by means of shut-off and flow regulating valves 24b and 25b and the line 92, which leads to the line 26 below the valves 24 * and 25a leads, is diverted. The amount of slurry A that is passed through line 92 is adjustable. A riser pipe 94 is mounted inside the vessel 16a, which has a valve 96 near the bottom of the vessel possesses, which can be opened or closed by means of a control rod 98 and is shown in the drawing in the open position. At the top of the riser pipe «94 there is a vertically displaceable sleeve 100. Desired only a relatively small part of the footprint A around the The vessel 20 is passed around, then the valve 96 is closed and the sleeve 100 is brought to a suitable height below the upper level of the soleplate A, see above

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that only the slurry above the casing can get into the riser 94 and through this it can flow into the line 92. If the valve 96 is open, then essentially the entire content of the vessel 16a of the line and can therefore be suggested directly to the accessory device 30. Ee would of course also be possible, the riser 94 and completely omit the valve 96 and duroh the Plieseen control line 92 by operating valves 24b and 25b is similar to BesoMokungsmaterialbehält a 10 and 12 and through which the Besugseahl 102 is marked, is provided o In it is a slurry of other fibers 0, hereinafter referred to as slurry 0. In addition, a third defäss 16b is provided, which preferably represents a duplicate of the tube 16a and in a similar way with a riser pipe »94a, a valve 96a, a control rod 98a and a vertically displaceable sleeve 100a. Bas Oefäss 16b is also connected to the system in the same way as the container 16a, namely through a line 22a, which leads into the Ctefäss 20, as well as a line 92a, which "The line 26 opens. The pleating through these lines is also possible by means of the shut-off valves 24o and 24d β expensive. These valves are operated in conjunction with the flow regulating valves 25o and 25d. the Slurry 0 is added to the container in the usual quantities

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BATH ORIGINAL

16b through line 104 and valve 106 supplied »Sin A pair of vertically displaceable liquid level indicators are also provided, one of which Device 108 responds to the water level and is arranged to control the water valve 110 »during the other indicator 112 is responsive to the slurry level and is arranged to be there Valve 106 controls.

The operation of the device represented by FIG. 2 is described below. As already mentioned, this device essentially corresponds to that shown in FIG reproduced device which has been modified so that a third slurry 0 can be processed. In addition, the mixing processes described above can be enabled or avoided. Will the Apparatus for the production of objects used as they are reproduced by Figures 3 and 4, then the operation is preferably carried out exactly in the manner described, without using the valves 24b and 25b and the oven 16b with the mechanism connected to it To produce the structure shown in FIG. 5, for example, the heating device 30 filled with water, whereupon after applying suction through the opening of the valve 42 a sufficient amount of slurry A through line 92 to the growing unit

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direction for the production of the inner zone is directed to coarse barrels. The amount is controlled by the application of the sleeve 100 seated on the riser pipe. Baohdea the slurry introduced into the heating device in this way has been deposited on the shaping device 44, the Aufsohläsnanng B susaaaen with the A vf ffo ^ T * ⁱ T ^|| ' ⁿ ^^ c A der Anweohseiiirio & tttng suggests in the manner described in connection with Figure 3. Should it be desired to create a less abrupt transition from the coarse to the fine fibers than is shown in Figure 5, then it is only necessary to begin with the soles from dta Geiles 20, beguiling the stretching narrowing suggested via the line 92 fully grown is · Duron a · entspreohende ZeitelEhaltung and a Btgullerung, the fliesegeeohwindigkeiten the Auamafl the öbergangssone of a fiber are controlled below the other · 2UR preparation of the subject matter described f above, as it is represented by figure 6, 10 contains the Beeohiokungesmterialbehälter a AufeohlÄnammg made of coarse fibers A _9, the filling material container 12, an insole made of fine fibers B and the BesoMokungamaterialbsnttltsr. 16b. As in the previous fill, the water will grow old water

109825/05 45 badoriQinal

which is supplied via the valve 72, the water level being regulated by the display device 82. By opening the valves 42 ', a suction effect is exerted on the UIe shaping device 44. As a result, if the control valve 25d has been adjusted to achieve a corresponding tile speed, the valve; 4 * 3 opened during such a period of time, the dam i -, uz-i zhi, that the Aufschläamungs "arrives in the Anwaohs device, which is necessary for the production of the inner zone aas Pasern 0" the valve 244 is ane should eat closed " After all of the material that has just been supplied has been deposited in the foraging device 44, the valves <4 _r 25 »24a and 25a, which control the onset of the soles, are shown in the above in connection with 3 Handled wisely. After all of the two last-named Aufsohläasmngen are on "-, the best of the contents of the container 16b; λ el; '.. * AxxwEchereinriohtung is directed to the outer layer • :: - \ L · vk & zk & a. Fibers 0 to be deposited. After completion of this stage, the water valve 72 is closed · Then the ifcfj =, .. crack opening 51 of the water supply device 30 is opened. Afterwards • ■ r .. · A®T jacket 52 together with the connected to it, lifted up, in order to remove the material that has grown on the sole closure 42 *

BATH 109825/0545

As the Vigor 7 shows, the material consists of three layers or zones of different fibers, with abrupt transitions from one zone to the next. To produce this material, the three vessels 16a, 20 and 16b from the associated Besohiokungsmaterialbehälteric old Sufficient Aufsohlämn to carry out an Waon cycle supplied · After the Anwaohereinrlohtung 30 with

Water has been filled, which is displayed on a desired height by means of the display device 62, which controls the valve 72, is sent to the form-giving device suction is applied by opening valve 42 '. With valve 96a open, shut-off valve 24d is opened to direct the slurry 0 into the reservoir. Then all fibers 0 on the questioning device have been deposited, the shut-off valve 24a can be opened and the slurry B can be introduced into the accumulation unit. After this accumulation step is completed, can the slurry A flow through the valve 96 and, with the shut-off valve 24b open, pass through the line 92 in the inlet direction to the zone of the fiber A. Bas duroh The indicator 82 controlled valve 72 prevents the liquid level from falling below the level falls a certain amount. In this way, the process does not take place in a dry state, even if it is very long periods of time the cessation of the accretion of a uae and the beginning of the

109825/0545

BATH

Growth of the next fiber lie · Although in this case there is no intermingling of the fibers, as is the case with the duroh The object reproduced in FIG. 3 is the case, there is no tendency to deceit because the fibers Maintain the structure of your outer surface during the manufacturing process, which will last for you throughout the entire process Body is hinduroh characteristic. But then, if the surface were allowed to dry out, it could be a surface form, which tends to dissolve.

As already explained above, occupancy material and faucets approvals 78, 80, 64 and 86 die Control the amount of contents in vessels 16 and 20 that are supplied for a single batch, with a liquid diluent being used if necessary. These characteristics have at least two most important aspects. So far it had been that Soling material in the soling material containers and to keep the same proportion of liquid in the water tank. Since the ratio of the material to be contained in the liquid is very large, these were the ones used Vessels very large. In contrast, this is according to the invention Resource material relatively concentrated in the containers, so that the size of the containers required is reduced. The required liquid diluent can be added to the Vessels 16 and 20 for setting the optimal concentration

BATH 109825/0545

be initiated, whereupon ee after passing through the shaping device 44 a volume be si did that is required for only one waxing cycle, so that Diluent is available for reuse. The size of the vessels 16 and 20 prepare how already mentioned »only such a size that you can absorb the slurry for one cycle, ^ whereby the Anwaohereinriohtung contains only such an amount of Aufsohlämmung at any given moment, which is sufficient, the total speed of Plüesigkeit up to down to a reasonable value. The system therefore requires only part of the size of the usual devices. Furthermore, the present invention does one Considerable savings in investment costs and tree requirements, whereby also the strength of the structures in which the

erfindungsgeaiässen systems are built in, in contrast to bu the constructions required up to now need not be very high.

Furthermore, a considerable saving in liquid, usually water, is possible. If ear impregnation is to be carried out simultaneously with the growth, This results in a further significant economic advantage, since essentially the greatest amount of hate is re-cyclized will. There is also the one in the re-cycling process The amount of resin used is relatively small, only a little resin is used

109825/0545 bad original

lost through aging.

The following examples illustrate the practice of erfindungsgemäseen muddled, the devices used for its implementation and the results obtained ₀

example 1

In the following example, pilter cartridges according to the invention are produced "with fine and coarse pair insulations being mixed in increasingly changing proportions" with parts of this mixture being the small one Entanglement vessel during the entanglement su are fed to a corresponding deposit.

In addition, comparison cartridges are made from the Qesaatmisohung made of fine and coarse insoles using conventional methods.

The example shows that, in contrast to the small vessel, in the sometimes large decaying vessel, no perceptible deposition can occur from constantly changing proportions of the material in the growing pils. That Example also shows that reproducible file weights can be achieved by the method according to the invention.

109825/0545

176132

That way, a better filter is made, which a noticeably increased SohmutzzuoldialiningeYormögen and a has improved service life *

Sb will follow a sock formation, based on the dry weight, used;

Herculas SFB fiber 25 »0 #

Alberni _{Kraft Pulp 3 9} 5 # 40 Denier Reyon ., 1XtX-1k _a

100.0 #

Hercules SFP (Hercules, Wilmington, Delaware) is a modified double-cut cotton interfiber with a diameter of 12-16w and a length of 2 "6 mm". If this fiber is used in the specified amount ₉ then a 30 "40 / üb filter, "The Alberni fiber is a Western" kanadisohe nioht Kraftzelletoffeeer bleached with a Durohmesser 15-20 μ and a length of 3-3 mm. The kraft pulp gives the fibrous mass a "green strength". The 40 denier viscose rayon has a durometer of 55-65 yUs and is comminuted to a size of 6-12 mm in papermaking Holland before use. This coarse fiber gives the finished cartridge a good ability to hold back the dirt, and liquids can also flow through the cartridge. "

BATH ORIGINAL 109825/0545

Dia Vergleiohspatronen A v / ground in a conventional Verfil "aungsgefäas produced, the process being carried with einor O ₉ 6 #igen consistency _e The vessel has a size of 120 ac χ 120 at the bit and is ssu a depth τοη filled oiu 105, the dcho Pill amount is 1590 liters. The mushroom tool is a perforated metal spike with a diameter of 25 mm and a length of 305 mm (12 inches). The matted cartridge diameter end flanges are attached 279 mm (11 inches) from the mandrel. The tool is then immersed in the coating material insole for 35 seconds under an applied vacuum. While the "achieved ser Anwachsperiode is dan desired Filztrookengewioht of 160 g · There are 4 cartridges with weight of 165 s ₉ 5 g» H5,8 g, 155 »g O and 159» g 5 manufactured this fluctuation is typical and constitutes one The problem arises when deforming pulps. This problem is particularly serious if the preform produced is to be deformed into solid shapes.

The dried cartridges are impregnated with phenolic resin, namely 39-42 # resin on a Trooken basis, hardened and brewed to their final shape, whichever one Length of 248 mm (9 3/4 ino; t) and a diameter of 70 mm (2 3/4 inch) o This cartridge is from the outside flowed inward from an Abet rom, which passed through the centrally arranged holding device with a through «

10 9 8 2 5/0545 _BAD oftiüi

diameter of 25 mm (1 inch) is derived. The cartridges are subjected to standard tests with the results in the table below.

You improved cartridges according to the invention B are on felted with the same perforated metal mandrel, the end flanges being browed in the manner indicated above will. However, it does not become a conventional entangling vessel used. Instead, the device described above and shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is used. A cylinder is used over the felting plant Attachment of the slurry. This cylinder has a diameter of 228 mm (9 inohes) and a height of 610 mm (24 inohes). A drilled circular hole is attached to the inside of the bottom of the cylinder in order to Yerfilzens to allow a constant water supply. In addition, a fflttgel or a baffle with a r Size of 25 µm (1 inch) introduced into the interior of the cylinder to prevent turbulence caused by the addition of water ο

40 g Hercules SM? , on a trooken basis, with a consistency of £ 0.25 are weighed into a beaker. Then 120 g, on a Brooken basis, of a solution of $ 95, 40 denier Beyon and 5 pounds of Alberni kraft pulp with a consistency of 0.4 ^

109825/0545 bad original

The Beoher are provided with a stirrer. To begin filing, 2.2 l (2 quarto) of the fine adhesive material is put into the cylinder, which contains enough water to cover the felting thorn _; The Waaseratrom in the cylinder is so einxegulieri ^ da & e Am :: i) orn immersed "stayed Then 1.1 1 (1 quart) samples are filled in the Beoher with the fine, ca; iokungsmaterial given Naoh dem Yermieahen 1 , 11; ^ ußri '. "' The Miaohung the cylinder augeaetato another 1 * 1 1

;;, ^ t) are attached to the cup with the fine material • ■: ϊ · γ # ».C. Adherence to this working method is the Is. Dem wx,!, Staß Beschiokungsmaterial contained material ..: i ^ ii _{ Honoring the material in which the fine

ji C '/ I & j containing Beoher is increasingly grti1> $ r,; u; v 14i.äerungen are reproduced on the axxwaehaendea? ilü ab «(ώΐCJJIf ^ t ^ a? aeorn. The first layer represents P« p -

rti?} «» and indeed the yiltsrbofien _f consists entirely of the whole area au® je ^ irvr χ tarier without the addition of coarse fibers «Hit Hi Sok- & is this richer in the coarse pasar _c on · .-« ?. ü? - »hstiteht der Pilterboden in a precisely regulated manner

, - i '.-. fasijrn, while the outer sons 1 ^ r ^ atron .- • "-." ii: ^ -t aindj um in particular an entrance τοη coarse ■■ J ^ iii ■.' ■■ <ta « u eni ^ glioheii «Be iet to point out» daae at ϊΐ, ^ *. £ Ler usual procedures _r like β β in the US? at «& 1» shri ^f : "i3 feasüliriebeB wlrd _a sioh coarse and fine veins« u « us «ü..

5 ä 2 5 / ν 5 i 6

BATH

»is generated adjustable Porongrüasen The same mixture of coarse and fine fibers growing in the outer layers of the _r woduroh Farengrösse is reduced at the point at which coarse dirt eollte occur.

The cartridges produced by the process according to the invention are slowly felted over a period of 2 minutes. This is done for the reason that the cylinder is freed from the filling material between each addition. This adherence to the additions using a clear stream of water has the consequence that the fiber layers reach the cartridge in exactly the ratio in which they are mixed. However, since the file is never allowed to break or dry out due to the action of water, there are no dividing lines, ie the fiber chaining is continuous.

Different cartridges are manufactured. The dry weights are 158.0 g, 160.3 g, 159 * 8 g and 161.4 g. the Improvement regarding the incorporation of a gleiohmäeoi- = The weight is based on the method of measuring or weighing the slurries as well as the subsequent Due to matting of all balanced fibers. the Cartridges are impregnated, “hardened” and finished tested «

1 09825/054 5

1 7 G13

ΐη olnow atlifciiLichen VargleLohsverßiioh there is groaae, fciohor use fco VäTt'liaungjgefttne mLfc clear Wasuer ·· ΠΙ LX L, whereupon the addition of pulp now you ι glow, the Duuiuru seen above, possibly according to. Thereby irbrtlU »loh hitaue, since β a oh Il U'.hdiiu lasts, bin dui Oji'llwa ν υ 11. ti blind Lg vuu den JTa» iiüt'i i) <jiVyJ t Lit Aa.wi j /. ¹ 1 ji; i atnLl ^ tilüh H-uuUti, Jn us βία V (H if J. I km ι wlUu'iixid ^! Ί ', ί · ;; ".j!'Iip'v.nn ι 7ou uiihr al · ^"; i MLttlitiii ki) iti) ruJ'i.firt I. i (h) ii Vo r · ', ·> II ■:.! iuM.n / JJ T, nu rlixyü the c ^l art _LG;; t! ι i; » I! ','), '· Pu br.πι;:' uu i ■: ■. ■ * ·! Ι, · ι; '' nl. ^ B hliiii 1; hN, iuli ^; hL'er

in f ¹ Vu er α [U)) V v / iii.'ii.i ι ι 'i'onddL ¹ f ^ ^! ie ^ ι Γ-ι ι ^. ',: IH> Kt "' il) i- * ih l'liiuvfii ii ι '.! iiitih> · ■, d-uio,.! ΐίι" 9α.Ι «» l ; inr <ioLU · tip ': tM.) by j iiintihiiia. ·' 1. M '': gallon) iii ti UiafbD.-i off · firm '; · ¹ »Ιιιΐ'ί'.Η> ii.» hlUiI ¹ IrVh, j !! puiepfc vtrl 'W * f; ilia »- · Ku.filu, -.U μ U. '.' I. l.> N Ulli er bjiu Ί / aueer dU.pargt jrb β iod (ι, iJi'poitu't ld i Ltuilcn.5 «Lu IU, 3äO un« l 1 g Nr, 150, äer- ^ ■ jir .a.LXt V ^ ud (»j: Hiii2i; ifli · ;; · 1-Ünl.ny; nid Mdinui.at) t -u Lük (Jo, fli :, Paul, Mjl / κιλ iot.i) become through did l'afci'imrt ^ jLdilitt, WOl. '. Pi' -ti.Ui » -I lli iiljl'l.;. ■,;. j I; |; \! nHllüt: UIl ¹ IiKIi;) '!: ^, HLl ¹ ^ L VHrilf.ii .'hum lür ;; h; ' . ''.)\' .!. 111! .11.11 '" ¹ I ¹ Ur · Ί 1.Lr I) ■■ r, • IL'i ji.pMnnn' ^l ic K'i / .f'it wo u- \ -. n NIb ¹ MIi i _t i \ U- ihi. > OrMjJ na ¹ ι / P'jfih.,.! '. Um, III 1 i ;;:.' ·) ■:. i.;: (i Ii I i .ih j; ^1. I iii / Jiiü, "'UuI lu.1

., '- ·' ■ ■ \ 'M- _U ' ■■ , '·''!. ■ '■. /: ';: I! i Ut '!' · ('lh}', / b Jilt.) ll) h ■

■ '., ■ L ■'.i>'.N.'la ί -i η! ■ · ^: w '■ 1 ; ·, / 1 ^: ,. \. ■ 1 1; 1 · ■.-Ii-I ^:! 1, * ii ■

l; «M si / H Jij J '' .1,. . :, i) ■ '■■) ! ,, · ■;. ·.' !. : t ^: ¹ MI ₁ ; ; , »T. ;

GohUuaeverliiob, guessed b at bo The cartridges were, afterwards on their Schmufciäiu'tlakhalbungsvermiigen gave bb, Iode cartridge is durohspüTb with 11.4 1 f3 gallona) per minute, with coarse Arizonas deaf (in the form of a slurry) in an amount of 5 g per minute üiigenebab is, the cartridge is alu 7f) rsbop £ l; bHV / arböb, v / tmn der Druokabi'all mn I _W 4 kg / cm (20 pfii.) auge α flowers f. π b

ίΙ.) ί ·

wLcd vuri dor Α., O ₀ Spark Plug, Md bo // ii ϋ ι · ρ, "b'Lliib ,, MLohigon" In the trade;, DLe l'oi, Lohur / jrönnü lab vfJ.n

CV> 5 '; -, Jl Im I .ifum.,, ^ pra _t)
0.07 kg / oi, r ι
ill)! juiinoX 12th 55 HO * »OK , / ■ J it .iilOil I!,; 5 "35 12th 36 IYO 10-20 I ^! - '· τ) U UQ in the) 20-40 ok ₉ ; i 40 23 4 £> "M0 10 9 0 2 5 / 0 5 k 5 30th ORIGINAL Ui) -; ioo 9 I? L i i)
('ι ρ A Π;) 1 Uli Ii OM ^ UIiUUf ₁ : (1 v! Ji: .UtHU.!;. a
IMl
F! .Vtrat _L |. <) Nt ^ rud
iSchiuufczsurttok ··
I maximia huLburiR (κ) BATH

In these fourths it can be seen that the cartridge B _1, which has been manufactured according to the invention, has the best pilter testes in terms of the degree of filtration as well as the wide spread between nominal and maximum scratched coarse fibers has been produced. Furthermore, the cartridge B is improved in terms of the Sohmuteaurtiok attitude, since the larger pasers, which are attached to the outside, allow an entry of the coarse dirt, so that the time is extended, after which a filter cake that slows the flow is formed.

In summary it can be stated that the Gewioht of Cartridge can be regulated more precisely, the filtration sharpness is improved and the SohmutzSiurllokhaltevemögen is increased merklioh.

Example 2

The method according to the invention enables the control the structure of the cylindrical filter cartridge from Example 1 to improve the FliesBene, Die dichte Sohloht (3 »2 mm (1/6 ")) on the inner durometer or on the downstream side the cartridge is responsible for about half of the sruok waste in the clean cartridge shifted into (IaE center of the filter wall, then their curses

109825/05 ^ 5

increased by about threefold. This means that the total pressure drop can be reduced by approximately 1/3 without changing the degree of filtration. The following example explains this method _e

According to the general procedure described in Example 1, the Beechiokungsverbindungen be carried out with the Exception; that half of the coarse Besohiokimgsmaterials At the beginning it is felted out in order to create the basis on which the filter layer made of increasingly fine fibers is applied =

The paste mixtures described in Example 1 are used, ie _e , on a trooken basis, 4-0 g Hercules SPP with a 0 _? 25 $ strength consistency contained in the fine dae Beechlckungsmaterial cups are weighed and 60 g of a mixture of 95 f 40-denier rayon, and 5 1 ° Alberni-Zraftaeiiatoff with a Konsistenß of 0.2 _p fi wherein the -iralat, e.g. ± called Mieohung is weighed into the beaker, which eats beotirarn-fc to take up the coarse wetting material, a water stream is injected into the felting cylinder, ura ritin felting spike during the? 7er.fi 'izmißfizyklviß in submerged condition au haitenο

BATH ORIGINAL

1 ü 9 8 2 5/0 5 4 5

60 g, weighed on I'rockenbaBiSj, dor Reyon / Albernl-Miaohung are introduced into the cylinder and auagefilat _o 2.2 1 (2 quarts) of the fine Besolleiungamator.iala are next to the cylinder? added and filled with a liquid, 1.11 (1 quart) of the coarse surfacing material is poured into the beaker containing the fine surfacing material, with stirring; while in another line he felt the cylinder eye. ¹ !; w.lrd aa "/ ₀ i work β we lee gomäüö Example 1)" DIβ on the AuEisenosltJ the cartridge Io i; η fellen abagüs? tan Payarn are gvob

n,.; iH'.hcoue -rf} Pd tfL'ta'ü ',.' Ii-UIvIT ,,, jinprUiyi.! j ''.:, ievtigbeLvrbsji tet ü.! iHu: '{. α ri. ' in B; ri: 'iiH / il i bti

biil. 0,1) 7 ku / 'nra'"· - I ρ j ι.)
(in the sacred) J. Locomotive on /. '<ltm Qa · PIL tr ι ^ abroui) hi.iiri «'^ t'Lufj t h.ovil. & i.Qr ύ> nominal I

Pa or υπ u Π

göflli! JfI i.'vi '

apiol. i

BeLui. " «Lti 'j. ··. .) ι

Dae ''. f. ii. ■■ ι ι il '\ iltl ι, .. U' / :. ti i.-j ·: I i. ■: ..,. i,. /!:. (! .j..> ^ ■; ■ i · '.

only ii ■ · ,)>: ■) '»'! .. ■. ■ · ■! ■ ■ ■ ■ · ι; '. ■ ■ ■ - · ί ■ · ■ yr

BATH

to use in the field of lubricating oil represents an improvement, since in this field a good flow is desired , whereby the soil load is usually low. "

If the cartridge manufactured according to this example is in Saw thin slices, which are examined in a continuous light, then clearly the fine filter is chi oh t seen in the middle of the wall *

Similar processing of fibers can help improve do «A.us £ it) henB the surface, applied from pulp moldings

el 3

IUa üffindtmgagomüiHJO Pabronoj wio aie according to Example 1, β wU-ti Inv ^ tim varfilat, where dae kleLaria

ÜDi}, v / ölohöiJ ? A \ m DodGoken des Yorfilisungß «- DJi 'r, water V8 <: üor: p; \ i woedüii. Is, between the inputted dot üöoohiukungöinaterialien clarify gerj.rd, Όαβ fuLn “BeouhJ.okungamatörial, and awnr Hercules Sf? P, results; oina 30 -! JS / t-i'llfcration, wUlieoml üan .i-vToba ii.j'nüitülciuigsmutBeifi.! .., uuii iü / ar 95 # the 4.O ---- "üeiiior-Reyun. üiuL ¹ J $> iiati Äihortii Aiii.iL ^ i) IIiJ liofi'n, elnfl filtration »ou IhC) - lOu ^^ ur result ha ho Mawe Miuohungen Iu dtrv iin-güwaohaerien cartridge a" atufenweiseo ¹¹ Mueter h.ta «·

BATH

109825/0545

If the feed materials are added faster, after essentially all of the Beschiokungsmaterial felted out but before the water has cleared then the stages of the above-mentioned "step-like" Rounded pattern, but otherwise still the same. The cartridge produced is therefore essentially the same, but with the filing done faster can be. .

Cartridge B of example 1 is manufactured again VM & smr is proceeded in such a way that the t © £ taL2sugaben take place when 70-90 # & © r, ·;. ;;. ge.ien additives felted bandage In this way Si @ Ves? filsungsaeit is pressed from Z out for 45 seconds

is lifted from the cartridge ^ d _e h emptied for 10 $ the last addition are sixteenth ig © filßt "

gesture results

flow ^ ggia at '-

0.07 kg / οΏΓ ( 1 psi) degree of liltratioas

(corrected in the A *

W-pIc., On, the ^ Sehäuseyerluat) nominally _n , maximally

'11.3 31 3β

Cartridge-this-

^li -ele 11.5 31 38 §Θ0

1 0-9825 / 0 5 /, 5

BATH ORIGINAL

Bie Brgefcalspe sedges äaes dme rapid Yerfilsen in the we- «eatliefces dia BiI tog the gliding cartridge zvtr result.

Z & eeee E * lEpi @ l explains ά && ®rflMuagegeiÄese Verfahrea, wlels.ts arvU. · Kcatla-aierlichent ¥ © r ^ isolieia voa coarse and

fijctS '. :? s: @ii? r ,: sov; ^ tüiter «£ aem köütiauierll & hea Zuflieseen (v, i- *:; ^ ar ^ -. '^ isgsgefäBä unter Terwendsmg der duroh.

P. * ^^>, '''. ^ _N * gp &"r>> a Apparatur a'ix ^ Gefülssxt is» Bae

äf.er islf & is «r Κίϊ-h · of

r « ^f *

voa £ T3 mm (10 3/4 iaohes;

reads "-3ν: & ue tints» perforated. Metal with a limge 335 ? * '■', "r lßftij-βρ) imd eiii @ E Surßbmesser Yoa 25 Wi (1 iaoh) The S3dr; ai.i 'iwa tsrdea ia« Ines ifcstand v © ß £ 54 πω (10 inclies) * '' lt «se, ^. Ordatmg -will Ie sjametriseher

Like di # Fips: ': 1 s n'x; njird the Fas ^ ramfeoaläomuag the middle part Φ§ »i: Ifis, * ^Λ ι siäsees oätcji" tl @ r inlet · Zug®ftüirt _e Here spsltft sior Isr ZUfIwBe ₁ wofosi half Bum Verfilsea Cü * S ^{! i} the L _& .7il «Eh flow, wäliread the other HSIf tt fttsiafalle sum '» irfilesa ioiteraelb of the Leitbleobee flows.

109825 / Q5A5 BAD OFUGINAL

i IiM 1: f5leieks

with .elaen?
a # £ ss, em small.

That

with one suchigtii

₃ that kdine further water supply «e3? Ford @ 2? LiQli let, the dome in a single-dewpxtem additional pocket to liaXt®a ₉ 5 © r E © at dar kufBoblawmmg then diircli the valve JT s wim the matted 'cartridge ^{! I} ¥ aaser ^K

Cartridge ₉ which glaioho the hawser as the gemäas When "game 1 .bergeatellte cartridge has ₈ is ausgefil2st in 48 seconds _a woratif being dried, impregnated with resin and cured .fertigbearbeitet wlrd _o is tested as a counterpart to the cartridge B gsioäsQ Example 1 determining the value of the continuous process.

109325/0545

The flow rate is 1.9 liters per second or 1S35 dm per second (0.9 gallons per second or 115 cubic inches per second) »This flow into the 50 µm (2 inohes) ~ I3) pipe from the ¹ SaMk 3 Has a speed of tone 94 om (37 laehee) per second, whereby the speed through each of the animal openings 29 "4 cm (9" 2, inehes). per second is »

When it hits the larger ring-shaped surface it falls dl® plies solving speed so sharply that one can anxiety that the current upwards (or downwards) is round so that the baffle begins to flow at the same time »

The current, which follows the baffle in the warmth direction, also goes over the baffle Tariatlons stages of the opposite termisohens generated, whereby a failure of the procedure can occur. However, this problem is great at; ¹ ! Can vessels larger than small vessels. In the following table, the guide dimension is kept constant while the vessel size is increased «,

109825/0545

'-' "j j. s

' 1

ΐί- ~ - ~, ν * "J-

■ ζΠ. E =

Si *

I ν ^ U 4 ■ ** / ^.? ς) i.?. r .., i

Objects have a Tollmen of 1.81 w (64 cubic feet) in the upward direction »Is switched over to the supply of coarse fibers beforehand. The peeling takes 48 seconds, resulting in a sowing time of 78 ₉ 5 seconds.

The Beeohiokungematerialstrom, which follows the cylinder wall, takes 30.5 seconds to reach the upper rope _D and aneohllessend 48.8 seconds to cross the baffle bu, ie it gives off its fibers after 79 »3 seconds» during the against the Baffle-directed stream of coarse fibers contains «In 79» 3 + 48 »119.3 seconds, the stream is replaced by a stream of coarse fibers, whereby it is also subtracted. These two extreme limits always fall in between.

This shows that the construction of the cartridge with fine feeern begins and ends with coarse fibers, the middle area in compliance with the method according to the invention consists of a mixture of coarse and fine fibers

It can be seen from the table that every Ctef & ss above 287 mm (9 inches) for one bushing Yes technical dimensions

109825/0545 BATH ORIGINAL

■ DP ^

stab © is unsuitable, although this size increases the evacuation time by 4 seconds, with "1 ₉ ? seconds ^{11 of} a ver ~ Bohwöriraenan mixing in the process. The 178 nmH vessel is undoubtedly the best of all eaten vessels also no oh can be made smaller,

"This simplified treatment neglects eddy currents and SurbulenKeni the © in © mixing of Besehiekungsmatarlallen cause köitatm and only in the vessel with a diameter of 559 mm (22 inches) with a! Pliessgii8ohii / i33.d: Lglc0it of 4 mm / Selnittden occur. These currents and turbulence do not adversely affect the flow impedance of 146 mm / second in that Gafäso with a diameter of 178 mm.

Filteroiebe tend to form filter cakes, with them clogs very quickly with a relatively small Sohmutabelload «, Sine cartridge with graduated density separates Dirt depending on the size of the pile, with the dirt particles to be held inside «In this way, the formation of a filter kuohene which hinders the! Hessen as long as prevented until a high Sohmut load occurred iet.

109825/0545

However, graduated density filters may be compared to a the liquid to be filtered are incorrectly adjusted in such a way that their level duration is not reached. Is for example the outer rope of the cartridge is not open enough, then a filter cake can build up. ”If, on the other hand, the outside of the cartridge is too open, then concentrated the Schmitz on the core, so that a flow is prevented that should be removed, its tuned

The following series of tests is carried out, in order to achieve the optimal protection of a nominal 27 / ^ - Filters ssur to determine the removal of coarse Arizona dust. :

To produce the 27/4 filter base, a mixture of 75 % Hercules SFP and 25 % Esparto, based on weight, is used as a fine coating material. Esparto fibers, have a length of 14 mm and a diameter of 6-10 ^ Uo. They are therefore suitable for producing a finer filter than straight SFP fibers, which are described in Example Hr ₀ 1

All coarse fibers will be a blend of 95 # 4-0 denier ~ Rsyon and £ 5 Alberni eraft pulp used »

109825/0545

⁴ J) a

feds © f sieexanfaöhliaemiig wi2? d ia iss Sazös .3 («

afegeaeess »^ ¥ <i1isi äas Tollmen aaf 45 ο 4 3» (1 ixä «'Jüe gssfcen fibers throw the Saisk

Wüei the ¥ oilss @ a also B stage 40s4 1 C ^ S

£ sl tietxäge »; sucked a «f die froekeAbasiSg 16 ©

as is shown in example 4 "bee ahxtelsmm

ili lateonea w®rtea f02? t £ gi3 @ arli @ itet ua & ia fie »äs le% ® @ © iis £ @ ^ © aes Weiss tested ·. la the. aaoJif © le @ aä © m ti © ¥ ia? l »Bg eiass im ^ ertmg of the set« See Sgü & m Be

on Äie S

g g

simta r ^ calibration f / ^ ₁ ) attitude ^ g

til gg ηοπίΐηβΐί maximum _:

30 27.0 34 _e O

55 * 26 _E 5 54 "1 _E

40 26.5 34 _S 5 18

43 27.0 34 * 0

50- ■ ■ ■ ^:. 26 * 5 ^: 34.0 ""

this S & belle is su eraebeü, üase die

109825/0845

Example 6

This example shows that the inventive method to control the growth of a type of a paser can be used »which in different sizes and lengths has been manufactured.

Sine 15 denier viakosereyon fiber is old with high rigidity used for this purpose. Such a stiff paeer can keep a filter mat open so that good liquid properties can be achieved Shaping the degree of deliberation openly «,

Ss is sweokmässlg to design a turkey in such a way that • β holds back a liquid flow as far as possible, while the filter is brought to a more acceptable pore size

Paser is slurried with a dispersed Alberai kraft pulp, a mixture of 95% rayon and 5 pounds Alberni being used. The kraft pulp maintains the moist, fibrous mass. Two SbIIb of a cationic nfusBfBStBn resin, applied to Irookenbaeie, are set to improve the strength of hatred after Irocka and before treatment. He AlDernifmeer is Ir. 1 described. The 15 denier Heyon fiber has a length of 6 - 9 mm and one. Durohaeeeer from 32 - »

109825/0545 _ntniUU

BATH ORIGINAL

The slurry is divided " with one half being pulverized for 6 minutes on a paper tube holder * A microscopic examination reveals that the fiber has been shortened to a length of 2 <=> 3 am in this process" with a certain Amount of a small amount of fiber remains "The fibers are made of" the more flexible "From the mrapriingliohen fiber slurry as well as from a mixture of 50% uraprllngliohen fiber and 50% of the oleo fibers are produced according to conventional cartridges Cartridges are externally used without the application of the method according to the invention, as well as ^; -under Sinaatg 'dei? duroh figur 1 wXodsrgegebanen figurine with a coarse laßör in dsm banal bar A and a fine fiber in your BsMlter B manufacturedbo. The volumes as well as the non-linearity correspond to spial 4s-where a ratio of coarse fibers of 50/50 is maintained.

The cartridges are dried, impregnated with resin, hardened and finished using the method described in example 1 ο The following table shows the Results of the Seats! Summarized:

109825/0545

cartridge

tb'liohes 15 Benier-

Reycn 16.75

40 fi of cut and 50 # of uncut blue material 15 9

50 $> of a custom and 50 # of a non-custom material, method 14 according to the invention 9

Plieesg speed, gpm (corrected for case loss)

Degree of filtration nominally maximum

80

55

95

Dirt retention _s g

400

190

55

280

The unsohnied fibers result in a very open filter cartridge o The Sohmutz restraint value, however, is deceptive, because the bulk of the residual amount is simply stored in the cartridge goes »As a result of the fiber improves the degree of filtration, The method according to the invention enables the production of the best mixture of cut fibers, both in terms of the degree of filtration as well as the SohmutEBurüol & ~ postureBvenBögens,

Beiapi ·!

Ss is known to make trays and troughs from deformation of pulp as well as drying the preforms, which aneohlieseend press »»

109825 / 05A5 BAD

be vesseomt _f hersustelleno Usually, 3 Torformen In the mold ©-fitted "■ The outer preforms have © inen high resin content to the Pormling ssu give a good appearance and make it more wear resistant," The middle gate shape has a low resin content on, "This ■ line toughness is obtained _for the cost kept low

You have three preforms from three different sized PiIalcSspeza exist so that they go well together. Initially summarize them well, without a doubt, while the "" do not fit well with the Sroc & nen 1st. Deform

often in a structure and tear when pressed *, so that they are not suitable for the production of press moldings, ' ^: .'; .. ■

In the process of this invention, the three radio · = ti®ii @ cases layers are _f into a preform without Xrennungslinien by respectively the composition of the corresponding ice "layers is feedstocks. In this way, the above problem of pairing is solved.

A preform for a Mieoheohale should be made

Hemisphere a diameter of 203 mm (8 Imohes) be-Mi The form of implementation is used for this purpose

109825/0545

by placing a cylinder 305 mm (12 inches) in diameter and 355 mm (14 inches) deep before applying a vacuum. A plastic disc with a 152 mm (6 inch) surohm knife is placed eentrally 25 mm (1 inch) below the top of the small condensation vessel. The BescMolcungsmaterialaufschlSmmungen be directed to this Soheibe "from which they drain & ungsitylinder the Verfil ₀

To produce the shell, the apparatus shown in FIG. 2 is used. The hara / fiber material forming the surface is placed in the container A and measured into the upper feed vessel 16a measured lower vessel 20.

Half of the upper container is used for pilsening using the riser system shown. The feed from the small collection vessel is then opened the core insulation from the lower vessel unswitched. Once this slurry is used up, the inflow is again reduced to the best of the surface forming the surface gaseraufsntil Hraanmg in the (Jefäse 16a switched.

The stitched 16a contains a JaseraufaoTtl Ihwnng with high Haragthalt, the 100 g (lied on trooken basis) at a

109825 / 05A5

O ₉ 2 liquid consistency contains the following ingredients:

15 $ cotton liner 25 pounds of bleached kraft pulp '§ ■ $. dispersed sitan dioxide 55 # (one stage) phenolic resin powder

50 g of this mixture -will be sohläraoung and before the core 50 g used after the core slurry for felting The lower vessel, which contains the core sludge, has a content of 300 g, (based on the! Brooken * baiis) a slurry with a 0.4% consistency from the following components

30 $> cotton linters

50 ^ unbleached kraft pulp $ 20> phenolic resin powder

This slurry is used entirely to produce the tough core of the mixed sonal felted out

After the preform has been completed, the small fillet cylinder is peeled off and the preform is covered is then removed from the filter screen by means of a blast of compressed air. The preform is then removed with 3 $ moisture in one at one! temperature

109825/05 45

176132

dried by an oven held at 66 ⁰ O (150 ^{0 F) and compression molded for 5 minutes at 149 0} C (300 °?) under a pressure of 56.2 kg / cm (800 pal). A firm, attractive shell is obtained.

Ea let me point out that by using the third GeäBses, which is shown in Figure 2, a third component can be introduced into the resin fibers.

Example 8

This example shows how an improved drying chamber for an automobile heating system can be produced from a pulp according to the method according to the invention «.

One of the disadvantages of manufactured of pulp and dried Gegenetänden is their rough and unattractive surface · Sin proposal sur solution to this problem is given in US Patent 3,253,970. However, the proposed solution enables peeling off and stratification. The method according to the invention makes it possible for the fiber which forms the surface to become "1" an integral rope of the Vorfora, so that eleventh failure is avoided.

The drying chamber is manufactured in the small concerned duroh filing «S * has proven to be necessary e * -

109825/0545 BATH ORIGINAL

showed that this vessel does not have more than 1.5- £ of the volume of the grown pilsner ₉ so that a similar filling can be carried out and a deposition of the Pasermisohungen in the measure ₉ in which they are made can be carried out. It is better if the volume is no more than 5 times that of the felt. On the other hand, spaces of 50 and 76 mm (2 and 3 inches) are provided over the growing felt, so that the last applied paser can be deposited in an enticing way «

The small vessel is supplied with water in the manner described in Example 1 through a line.

The apparatus shown in FIG. 1 is used, with the table shown below in a 0.15 pound consistency is measured into the lower container:

15Og Horthern fuel (Xrookenbasls) 20 g fine wood 20 g of messed up hole 40 g rag crushed in a hammer mill

following AufeohlSLmmung is abgemeaeent into the upper tank in a consistency of 0 ₉ 1 Jt

. \ '■■

109825/0545 NM '

35 g of Northern bleached Kraft pulp 25 g of a bleached and milled Holsee «

The small entrapment vessel is filled with water, whereupon the water flow is adjusted in such a way that the entangling tool is kept in a submerged state. The charging material from the lower container is brought into the filing vessel and filled out. After it has been used up, the padding material from the upper container, which is used to produce the surface, is switched _9, which grows onto the gate shape. All measured coating material is felted out ₀

The cylinder is pulled off, whereupon the preform is placed in heated, ventilated molds and under a pressure of 1.05 kg / em (15 psi) is dried. Pie preform is then subsequently inserted into Dipped lacquer and baked through to achieve strength, using the fiber that forms the surface achieved a noticeable improvement in appearance »

It should be pointed out that the weight of the preform is critical when a wet preform is dried under compression in solid drying forums. To sohwer · preforms squeeze calibration in vertical cavities so atm "the Verformungewerkieuge nioht closing lakes or serre eats the Verfem. If the Vorfoxmen are su leioht, then their · vertical

109825/0545

Make not squeezed * Sas method according to the invention, in the implementation of which all measured fibers felted out is particularly valuable, among other things, because exact preform weights, which are of great importance are, can be achieved so that the preforms in dried and pressed essentially evenly can be »

10 982570545

Claims (1)

Claims StS = SS = IG = SSS 1. Device for growing fibrous bodies, characterized by a shaping element provided with holes, a container surrounding this element, a line for introducing a liquid locking material into the container and means for introducing a liquid into the container in a substantially annular shaft. 2. Device according to Claim 1, characterized by a shaping element provided with holes, this element surrounding container and a line for introducing a liquid Beschlokungsmaterlal8 into the container, wherein the container is provided with a line encircling it, which is connected to the aforementioned line and at least one opening for the supply of the liquid in an essentially ring-shaped catfish " 3. A device according to Anspruoh 2, characterized thereby that the line having a plurality gleiohmMBig arranged openings for supplying the liquid in gl "ichmM8iger way provided around the tibllter around 1st · 4. Device according to Anspruoh 1 «characterized duroh a» loading BADORlQfNAt 109825/0545 holder, the at least side walls as well as a bottom part for receiving a smiling dispensing device, which is arranged inside the container, has a baffle with an open top and a bottom that surrounds the shaping device and is attached at a certain distance from the container is; a device for supplying the container with a liquid containing a fiber-like material, and a device for supplying the liquid between the walls of the container and the conductive tube. 5. Apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that the container and the baffle have a cylindrical shape 6. The device according to claim 1, characterized by a container with at least side winds and a separable bottom "· ' part, a form-giving device provided with Xäehern, the is arranged inside the container and connected to the bottom part is a device that draws off the liquid the perforated element and the bottom wall means for supplying a liquid containing a fibrous material into the container, means for Allowing "the liquid to flow through the vent" conduction and a deposit of fibrous material on dta shaping element as well as a facility «to separate the shaping element and the bottom wall from the side walls after the end of the growth to remove the body. 108825/0545 bad-original '" 7 · Device according to claim 1, characterized by a cylindrical container with a bottom part, a shaping device provided with holes "the inside of the" container arranged and attached to the bottom part is «a cylindrical baffle with an open top end and a bottom, which surrounds the shaping device and is arranged at a certain distance from the container "and a line for the supply of a liquid containing a fibrous material into the container, the container with a Surrounding it encircling line, which is in communication with the line and at least one opening for the supply of the Possesses liquid in a substantially annular manner between the container and the baffle 8. The device according to claim 7, characterized by a device for introducing an additional liquid or chemical substances in the reservoir. 9 · Device according to claim 7, characterized by a device for removing liquid from the container and to « Drying the attached body. 10. The device naoh claim 7 * characterized by a device for withdrawing liquid at speeds proportional to the amount of liquid supplied are. 109825/054 5 Lee on the back