DE1758664B2 - PROCESS FOR COMPENSATING THE MAGNETIC EFFECTS IN ELECTROLYSIS OVENS WITH HIGH CURRENT FOR THE PRODUCTION OF ALUMINUM AND RAIL SYSTEM FOR PERFORMING THE PROCESS - Google Patents

Description

with respect to the electrolytic furnace, which is characterized in each 60 by the fact that the bypassing individual conductor only flows a small current. Rail on the side facing the neighboring row This, however, adorns the construction of the complex electrolysis furnace and makes it more difficult to operate the electrolysis furnace than the bypass rail on the. opposite side of the electrolytic furnace. .... ji-i _L j ο 1 · 65 The rail system for electrolysis furnaces for through-shielding the elements of the Sch.enensystems management of _the method is according to the invention

the electrolytic furnaces. This process did not indicate that for every n electrolysis cells wide application because of the very large open cross-section of the bypass rail on the downstream

3 4

The side of the electrolytic furnace facing the bar row nente ^ of the magnetic field of the side of the electric furnace facing and facing away from the row facing and facing away from the cross-section of the bypass rail row on the opposite side of the electrolytic furnace must be about twice the value of the vertical one, with the bypass rail having a larger component B _{z of} the magnetic Make up the field, cross-section a correspondingly larger number of the 5 that is connected by the currents of the neighboring row of the electro-cathode rods. lysis ovens is generated.

The invention is described below with reference to the arrangement of the cathodes 2 and bypass drawings explained in more detail. It shows rails 3, 4 of the electrolytic furnace depends on both

F i g. 1 a basic scheme of the arrangement of the distance between the neighboring rows of the

of the electrolytic furnaces in a production building, io electrolytic furnaces as well as of the construction of the

F i g. 2 shows a basic diagram of the electrolysis furnace according to the invention.

according to rails of the electrolytic furnace, the inventive method makes it possible

^rl 5 · ³ »-iiii-i · o ^ i ..,; ti Jv, r- ϊ ₆ . a .. ««. ι · l: ..: ~ iir πι. .: " , -, -" *,: .. u. = (- ~ u A ^ _n oKcnlntpn Wprteni ver

As shown in FIG. 1 and 2, the electric magnetic field B ₁ with respect to the longitudinal

lysis furnace 1 in a production building parallel to the axis of the electrolysis furnace 1. Depending on

the long side arranged in two rows. Di ^ Strom- the height of the arrangement of the cathodes- 2 and

Feeding to the anode of the electrolytic furnace 1 is bypass rails 3. 4 can be different

executed from two sides. The current is obtained from the absolute values of the vertical component B ₂ .

Cathode device of the preceding electrical The proposed method of rail connection

lysis furnace 1 tapped and the cathode 20 ues electrolysis furnace looks next to the symmetry

2. Bypass rails 3 and 4 and supports of the transverse component B _y also have the symmetry of the

5, 6. 7, 8 of the anode of the subsequent electrolysis vertical component B _{z of} the magnetic field too

furnace fed. The general direction of current in relation to the transverse axis of the electrolytic furnace 1 above.

The electrolysis furnace of the production building is in the

Fi g. 1, 2 shown with arrows. 25 electrolytic furnace guided rail system for

The balancing of the magnetic field of the electro- the aluminum extraction is the supply of a

lysis oven in the present invention is turned towards the adjacent row by a larger current

the supply of a corresponding current value to the side of the electrolytic furnace is achieved in that on

the cathode rails 2, the bypass rails 3, 4 the bypass rail 3 a larger number of cables

and the supports 5, 6, 7, 8. 30 method sticks 9 is connected. At the

The symmetry of the transverse component of the magnetic reverse side is attached to the bypass rail 4

table field B _v is achieved in that the smaller number of cathode rods 9 are connected.

Input support ^ n 5,6 a larger current than the accordingly, the bypass rail 3 is on

Output supports 7, 8 is fed. The litrom the side facing the neighboring row with a larger one

ratio in the entrance supports 5, 6 and the cutout 35 cross-section in comparison with the bypass rail 4

Aisle supports 7.8 must generally be 2: 1. executed on the opposite side. The current load

The compensation of the absolute values of the vertical of the bottom of the electrolysis furnace must be equal to

component B _{2 of} the magnetic field after the moderate to be kept to the occurrence of

Long sides of the electrolytic furnace wi "d through the horizontal currents in the molten aluminum

To prevent an increase in the electric current at the Um- 40.

Walking rail 3, which is connected to that of the neighboring row. As an example, a construction of the rails

facing side of the electrolytic furnace, and Ver of electrolytic furnaces 1 for aluminum production for

Reduction of the current ar, the bypass rails 4 a current strength of 100 to 160 kA at their two-

the side of the electrical row facing away from the neighboring row, longitudinal arrangement in a product

lysis oven listed. This leads to the fact that the abso- lution building is proposed. The symmetry of the

lute Β? "- ™ Her vertical components /?. of the magnetic field of the electrolysis furnace is through

table field from through its own rails - the following power distribution under the supports 5, 6.

elements of the electrolytic furnace 1 current flowing on 7, 8 reaches:

the exit face larger on the inner side <ζ, ϊ, π _ρ ς / ρ i σ π W up to 35 ° /

of the electrolysis furnace than on the outer side 50 support 6 35 to 50 ° /

In connection with the supply of a support 8 0 to 15 ° /
different current to the supports 5, 6, 7, 8 of the

Electrolytic furnace 1 there is a disturbance of symmetry In addition, the difference in the arrangement of the

the transverse component B "of the magnetic field. 55 cathode 2 and bypass rails 3.4 along the

For their production, the arrangement of the long sides of the electrolytic furnace is therefore 300 to 500 mm

Cathode rails 2 and the bypass rails 3.4, namely the rails of the

at different heights; above the center line of the neighboring row facing side of the electrolytic furnace

The molten aluminum in the electrolysis furnace is arranged higher than that on the opposite side

(Fig. 3) provided. So the cathode rails 2 will be 60.

and the bypass rails 3 on the one of the neighbors. The specified power distribution under the supports

row next side of the electrolytic furnace higher 5, 6, 7, 8 of the electrolytic furnace 1 is achieved by

arranged as this on the opposite side. One that a corresponding number of cathode rods 9

such an arrangement of the cathode rails 2 and on the rail strings while maintaining the same-

the bypass rails 3, 4 additionally increase the moderate current load on the floor of the bath

the difference in the absolute values of the Vcrtikalkom- can be connected. In the above example,

component B _{1 of} the magnetic field. The total game of the by the; Rails 3 of the neighboring row

difference in the absolute values of the vertical compo- the side facing the tubs flowing current of

five cathode rods 9 tapped, while only the current through the rails 4 on the opposite side of three cathode rods 9 flows.

The industrial tests of the rail system described proved its high economic efficiency Expediency. Thus the skewing of the metal level was reduced more than twice, whereby the power yield increased by about 2% and the energy consumption for aluminum production has been reduced by 5%.

1 sheet of drawings

Claims (2)

1 2 wall to for the production of the shielding claims: mungen necessary materials found. 1. Method of Compensating for Magnetic Application of Bifilar Rails. Effects in electrolytic furnaces with high amperage 5 Die in the implementation of this process for the production of aluminum, the double row extension of the rail lines, are arranged lengthwise one behind the other which lead to a substantial increase in weight and to which the current is supplied on both sides, the rails and the electrical losses characterized by the fact that it leads to energy, this process can be used in industrial Do not use the walking rail on the scales drawn by the neighboring row, turned side of the electrolytic furnace a bigger one Electric power is supplied as the rearrangement of the rail lines in different Walking rail on the opposite side height in relation to the metal level. the Eiektrolyseofens _{From a "en Raised} rwähnten process this 2. rail system for Elektrolvseofen zurDiirch-. = ^, Rmiicn most effective, however, difficult lunrung the method of claim 1, daaurch _{DJE jn the height unterschiedIich} ^J _{e arrangement of} in that for each electrolytic furnace (1) _An odenschienen the operation of the anode and the cross section of Umgehungssch.ene 3) _{au he} ß the requires the facing according to this method of the row neighborhood side of _being led track system has a larger on-Eiektrolyseofens (1) greater than the Querschmtt * o _w J _{d Hienen to AIuminiumsc} ^y. the bypass rail (4) is on the opposite side of the electrolytic furnace (1), whereby none of the mentioned methods is thus sufficient to the bypass rail (3) with a greater lateral effect, either as a result of excessively high prices cut a correspondingly larger number of the cathode rods required for the production of the rail system (9) is connected. as borrowed materials or because of the complicated construction of the proposed schemes of the rail system for electrolytic furnaces for the extraction of aluminum. The experiments carried out in recent years on models and industrial high-voltage electrolysis furnaces ten investigations of the magnetic fields made it possible to formulate the requirements for the rails of the aluminum electrolysis furnace are to be placed: The invention relates to a method of equalization of the magnetic effects in electrolysis furnaces with a high 35 δ B _u δ B _x δ B ₁ δ B ₁ Amperage for the production of aluminum and ° v \ °) ⁼ '"^ ⁼ ^' ^ ~ ^ ' is used in electrolysis furnaces that have two rows _wobe j χ υ υ are arranged lengthwise one behind the other and
to which the current is supplied on both sides. _{By d} j _e transverse component of the magnetic field, Such a method is known, for example, from *, * _{Βχ the} longitudinal component of the magnetic field and German Auslegeschrift 1 010 744. _{Bz d} j _{e is the} vertical component of the magnetic field. The operation of the electrolytic furnaces for the aluminum Extraction with 100kA and above has shown that _{Mk mean other wonen dje benen} the large currents through the foot in the elements of _{he claims} substantially the techn.sch-w.rt- _the symmetry of the transverse magnetic field of Eiektrolyseofens caused strong electro-45 _{the constancy of the Great B and Βχ d along} ⁵ _axes magnetic fields _{of the e ect} i rol _y seofens. maximum possible reduction in economic data by having a larger _de . _{Bz absolute values in vertex} e _n of the electrolysis Verschragung the molten metal and _{the furnace as well as the s} ^ _trie vertical field bezügerhohten order to cause a melt. It is _{ljch def axes} ^ _{5 ElektroIyseofens} . therefore the need arose to use a rail 5 ° _{A r} , ■, · j τ- cj to create a system that reduces damage. ^On f £ ?. ^{of the present} invention it is a lent effect of electromagnetic fields economic method of feeding electric oil to indicate the lysis furnace with electric current that is used in The well-known feeding methods for electrolytic ovens ^e ! ^{With little} metal expenditure for the rails and with electric current for the purpose of reducing or 55 * ^meming Y ^losses ^ ^a " ^electns <; ^her energy in the elimination of the magnetic field strength consists of ^the , ^s , ^{en a} ™ minimal and symmetrical magnetic in the following: Field guaranteed This task is done by a method of one-distributed Arrangement of the rail elements initially specified type solved according to the invention