DE1755573A1 - Bumper for the interior of motor vehicles - Google Patents

Description

Ford - Werke Aktiengesellschaft, 5 Köln-Deutz 1, Ottoplatz 2

"Bumper pads for the interior of motor vehicles"

The invention relates to a device used in the interior of motor vehicles and serving as an energy dissipation device Shock pad.

Ice today were used as bumper pads in motor vehicles Plastic foams, such as polystyrene, are effective Considered energy consumers and, for example, for coating deformable metal sheets, wire mesh, fiberglass layers etc., but never as an effective substructure for an energy dissipation device. The combination of polystyrene foam and fiberglass is described, for example, in U.S. Patent 3 113 738.

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In creating optimal energy dissipation devices for the interior of automobiles, one goal is to achieve the maximum possible Achieve deceleration for an impacting or impacting body while maintaining a minimum of penetration should be needed. The energy consumers usually used, such as sheet steel, are relatively ineffective in achieving these two goals and the lag curve only reaches its peak some time after the impact and then falls off quickly until the impacting body is brought to a standstill is. In the case of an ideal energy dissipation device, the deceleration curve reaches a maximum and holds this level immediately after the impact until the impacting body is brought to a standstill. The stopping distance would be much shorter.

The invention relates to the use of a brittle or crumbly, rigid foam which is used in the interior of motor vehicles as an energy dissipation device. The Quetschcharakteristik of friable foams which are used as a primary energy devourer in vehicle impact pad, creating a highly effective energy consumer, ie, an energy consumer, which provides a maximum allowable delay in terms of an impacting body, at the same time a minimum of "braking distance or depth of penetration is required.

A bumper pad for the interior of automobiles according to the present invention Invention comprises a plate-shaped

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Material as a base. About this plate-shaped Underlay a first energy consumer is arranged, which consists of consists of a layer of foam, which is susamniengeque-cscht under the laser will. One layer of a load sharing device covered the layer of compressible foam to counter the latter to throw off the impact force which is below that which is necessary for the Motor vehicle user is dangerous and to distribute the impact force ::;, if the energy-consuming characteristic is to be exploited. The layer of load distribution foam is through a another layer of covering material covered, such as Vinyl j acrylonitrile, butadiene styrene or others known per se Interior decoration fabrics,

Foams that are characterized by their crushability, sini known as so-called brittle, rigid foams. Two of those Foams have been studied and used for the purpose according to the present Invention deemed appropriate. These foams are phenolic foam and rigid polyurethane foam, the latter being around has a density of 1.016 to 0.048 g / ccm.

Further advantages and features of the device according to the invention are evident from the following description with reference to the drawing. The drawing shows in

Fig. 1 is a partial perspective view of a vehicle dashboard with surroundings, with a shock pad in the upper

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Agreement with the proposals made in accordance with the present Invention is particularly useful and in

Fi? 7. 2 shows a partial section along the line 2-2 in FIG. 1 and in Fig. 3 shows a seat back with a shock pad according to the invention is covered.

In Figs. 1 and 2, a dashboard is shown, the generally designated 11 and one designated 12 Shock pads covered in accordance with the present invention is trained.

The shock pad 12 comprises a z. B. made of sheet metal, Shaft-shaped support 13 from which the instrument panel is shaped. According to the present invention, the pad 13 creates a base for the energy-consuming device, which consists of a friable foam cushion 14. Two Plastic foams that were examined were found to be particularly effective at dissipating energy, namely phenolic foam. and rigid polyurethane. Due to its nature, phenolic foam is rigid and crumbly, with rigid polyurethane being one Density of about 0.016 to 0.048 g / ccm and also represents a brittle material.

The friable foam pad 14 is completely through one heavy cover 15 covered. The thickness of this coating 15

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can be varied by adding the cooling advance to the form in which the crumbly foam cushion 14 to the desired Forn 3 is brought, is controlled accordingly. Rapid cooling of the mold results in one. Increase in the thickness of the skin on the with the side in contact with the Forn. If you wish is, a special overcoat 15 can be replaced by the usual vacuum forming or conventional centrifugal forming processes provided will. The friable foam 14 then becomes within the coating layer foamed.

The next outer layer is a layer of a soft, elastic load distribution panel 16. The characteristics of this Layer is that because it is compressible and elastic. A suitable material is, for example, polyurethane plastic, which can be achieved in almost any desired density and is therefore produced with the corresponding desired properties can be.

The layer of the load distribution cabinet has an outer, Resistant decorative layer 17 made of appropriate material overdrawn. Vinyl or acrylonitrile butadiene styrene plastics v / earth used for covering dashboards.

Fig. 3 shows a backrest of a driving coupon seat, generally nit 18 is designated and which is a shock pad, then all one

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is denoted by 19, which according to the proposal of the invention is consorted. The shock pad 19 includes a layer 21 as a base, which is preferably made of sheet metal and which is a support and base for the preformed forms cushions 22 made of friable foam. The pillow of friable foam is then covered with a skin 23, a soft, load-distributing foam 24 and a cover material 25 made of fabric or plastic or a combination of both can exist, overdone.

The foam cushion 22, the skin 23 and the Las.tverteilerschaum 24 correspond to the material and material characteristics Shock pad 14, layer 15 and foam 16 of the instrument -. tenboard according to FIGS. 1 and 3.

To date, bumper pads made of plastic foams have been used in vehicle bodies as effective energy distributors viewed, for example as a coating over deformable 31ech, wire mesh, fiberglass construction or the like., but not as an effective energy-absorbing pad itself. In other words, the soft, resilient polyurethane foam layer 16 according to FIGS. 1 and 2 or 24 according to FIG. 3 will act as an energy distributor under a corresponding impact. Under a relatively low impact load, it has a cushioned

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effect, and used in driving the present invention protect the pillow made of crumbly foam.

The essential characteristic of the crumbly show pillow 14 or 22, which use this cushion in particular as a fabric cushion operational? power is its crushing property that 'from the compressibility of a richer. Energy distribution shutters differs. Since it is under a shock load *? crushed, it acts as a primary energy dissipation device -.- Ts Rvclopral! has no essential properties as it does not is elastic. In the event of an impact, it is caused by the crumbling Watch a maxi run of permissible obstruction during one reached a very short time interval after the impact and this Delay sustained until that. Point at which the pillow has crumbled completely, so that ?, thereby the Erensweg or the child ring depth of the impacting body on a Hinirur. diminished, v.'änrenc only a minimum of original and compressed construction is required.

Of course, the invention is not limited to what is shown and described exemplary embodiment, but are d.er.gepenüber changes possible without the basic idea of Invention to leave.

. Patent claims: ■

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Claims (1)

Patent claims: 1. Bumpers for the interior of motor vehicles, marked • ΐ ο j ch net d ur ch a) a layered base (13, "21), b) a primary energy consumer (IM, 22) from one layer of foam over the base (13, 21), the foam being crushed under load, c) a layer of load distributing foam (16, 2M) over the layer of compressible foam (IM, 22), this load distribution foam being compressible and elastic, d) an outer cover layer (17, 25). 2. Apparatus according to claim 1, d a d urch ge ke nnζ ei cn ηet that the squeezable foam (IM-, 22) is a phenolic foam. 3. Apparatus according to claim 1 and 2, characterized in that the load-distributing foam (16, 2M) consists of flexible Polyurethanschauir. M. Device according to Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the different foam layers are separated from one another by a thick, skin-shaped layer (15, 23) of the compressible foam. 109835/0461 - 9 - BAD OBiQiNAl. 5. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the compressible foam Cl ¹ I, 22) consists of a polyurethane which has a density of about 0.016 to 0.048 g / cGin. S. Device according to Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that a sheet is selected as the base (13, 21) onto which the squeezable foam (14, 22) is drawn. 7. Apparatus according to claim 1 to 6, characterized in that the outer top layer consists of vinyl or acrylonitrile butadiene styrene. · 8. Apparatus according to claim 1 to 7, characterized in that the coating layer (15, 23) on the compressible foam (14, 22) consists of a thick layer of the foam, which is on the foam during the molding process of the foam in the desired shape is applied. 109835/0461 / fO Blank page "