DE174555C

DE174555C -

Info

Publication number: DE174555C
Application number: DENDAT174555D
Authority: DE

Description

KAISERLICHESIMPERIAL

PATENTAMT.PATENT OFFICE.

PATENTSCHRIFTPATENT LETTERING

KLASSE 12*. GRUPPECLASS 12 *. GROUP

ALFRED VOGELSANG in DRESDEN-A.ALFRED VOGELSANG in DRESDEN-A.

Patentiert im Deutschen Reiche vom 22. Mai 1904 ab.Patented in the German Empire on May 22, 1904.

Bei dem Bau von elektrolytischen Apparaten, welche zur Erzeugung von Bleichlaugen aus wässerigen Steinsalzlösungen dienen, werden Platinfolien als Elektrodenmaterial verwendet, welche bei dem hohen Wert des Platinmaterials in größter Dünne angewendet werden müssen, um den Apparat billig herstellen und so in die Praxis einführen zu können. Die Kostspieligkeit des allein in Frage kommenden Platins hat zu verschiedenen Elektrodenkonstruktionen geführt, welche sämtlich darauf hinausgehen, mit möglichst wenig Platin große Elektrodenflächen zu erzielen.
Bei der Elektrolyse von Steinsälzlösungen scheidet sich hierbei Schmutz und Kalk aus und diese setzen sich an die die Platinfolien haltenden Nichtleiter und an den Elektrodenrabmen, welche den dünnen Folien die nötige Steifigkeit geben, derartig an, daß der Apparat in kurzer Zeit betriebsunfähig wird. Diese Schmutz- und Kalkabsonderungen müssen infolgedessen aus dem elektrolytischen Apparat bezw. aus den einzelnen Elektrodenzellen jederzeit leicht und sicher entfernt werden können, um Stromverluste und Kurzschluß in der zur Verwendung kommenden Dynamomaschine zu vermeiden und den Apparat betriebsfähig zu erhalten.In the construction of electrolytic apparatus, which are used to generate bleaching liquors from aqueous rock salt solutions, platinum foils are used as electrode material, which, given the high value of the platinum material, must be used in the greatest possible thinness in order to be able to manufacture the apparatus cheaply and thus be able to put it into practice . The cost of platinum alone has led to various electrode designs, all of which aim at achieving large electrode areas with as little platinum as possible.
During the electrolysis of rock salt solutions, dirt and lime precipitate and these settle on the non-conductors holding the platinum foils and on the electrode frames, which give the thin foils the necessary rigidity, in such a way that the apparatus becomes inoperable in a short time. As a result, these dirt and limescale have to be removed from the electrolytic apparatus. can be easily and safely removed from the individual electrode cells at any time in order to avoid current losses and short circuits in the dynamo machine to be used and to keep the apparatus operational.

Zu diesem Zweck sind u. a. die zur Erzeugung von Bleichlauge dienenden elektrolytischen Apparate als oben offene Kasten ausgeführt und die letzteren durch nichtleitende Zwischenwände, welche zugleich als Träger für die aus Platinfolien bestehenden Elektroden bestimmt sind, in eine Anzahl von Elektrodenzellen derartig geteilt, daß jede Elektrodenzelle von oben durch Einführen eines geeigneten Gegenstandes gereinigt werden kann. Da nun aber der Schmutz und Kalk fest an den Nichtleitern haftet, so ist eine Beseitigung dieser Absonderungen nur mittels eines festen Gegenstandes, z. B. eines runden oder eckigen Stabes möglich. Dieses Reinigen der Nichtleiter mittels eines festen Gegenstandes bringt aber den großen Nachteil mit sich., daß die dünnen Platinfolien leicht zerrissen werden, und die Erfahrung hat seit Jahren gelehrt, daß dieser Übelstand stets erneut auftritt und nach verhältnismäßig kurzer Zeit die elektrolytischen Apparate, welche Elektroden mit Platinfolieri besitzen, vollkommen unbrauchbar werden.For this purpose, inter alia the electrolytic ones used to produce bleach Apparatus designed as an open box and the latter by non-conductive Partitions, which are also intended as a carrier for the electrodes made of platinum foils, in a number of Electrode cells are divided in such a way that each electrode cell is inserted from above a suitable object can be cleaned. But now the dirt and Lime adheres firmly to the dielectric, so this is only a removal of these secretions by means of a solid object, e.g. B. a round or square rod possible. This However, cleaning the dielectric by means of a solid object has the major disadvantage with it. that the thin platinum foils are easily torn, and experience has taught for years that this evil always occurs again and in proportion a short time the electrolytic apparatus, which have electrodes with platinum foil, become completely unusable.

Um diesen Übelstand bei derartigen aus offenen Kästen bestehenden Apparaten zu beseitigen, werden nach der vorliegenden Erfindung auf den Platinfolien im wesentlichen horizontal verlaufende Stäbe, Leisten oder dergl. angeordnet, welche die Platinfolien überragen, so daß letztere somit zurückliegen. Von einem festen Stab, der zwecks Beseitigung des Schmutzes von den Nichtleitern in die Elektrodenzellen eingeführt wird, werden sodann die zurückliegenden und arbeitenden Platinfolien, welche sich selbst' bei der Elektrolyse reinigen, nicht berührt, so daß also eine Beschädigung der Platinfolien bei einer Reinigung des Apparates vollkommen ausgeschlossen ist.In order to remedy this drawback in such apparatus consisting of open boxes, are according to the present invention on the platinum foils essentially horizontally extending bars, strips or Like. Arranged, which protrude beyond the platinum foils, so that the latter are thus behind. From a solid rod that is used to remove dirt from the dielectric is inserted into the electrode cells, then the platinum foils lying behind and working, which are themselves' Clean during electrolysis, not touched, so that damage to the platinum foils is completely excluded when cleaning the device.

Der Gegenstand der vorliegenden Erfindung ist auf beiliegender Zeichnung in verschiedenen Ausführungsformen dargestellt, und zwar je in einem Vertikal- und Horizontalschnitt.The object of the present invention is shown in the accompanying drawing in various ways Embodiments shown, each in a vertical and horizontal section.

Claims

As can be seen from the drawing (Fig. 1 to 4), the apparatus consists of a square, open-topped box made of non-conductive material, in which the electrode carriers α are installed. These form the individual electrode cells d, which are open at the top and the number of which depends solely on the voltage of the dynamo used for electrolysis. These cells are freed from dirt from above by means of a rod, in that the dirt adhering to surfaces b and c is repelled. This cleaning is primarily necessary to avoid power losses, and also to prevent short circuits in the dynamo that is used. If, in fact, larger deposits of dirt and lime and salt settle on the surfaces b, then with a certain amount they become more conductive than the electrolyte itself and the electrical current is lost for the electrolytic production of bleaching liquor. This also applies to large excretions on the surfaces c, which, in the case of a larger amount, can become conductive in such a way that a short circuit occurs in the dynamo. As can be seen from this, the cleaning of the electrode cells is of the greatest importance and absolutely necessary for the operability of such an apparatus. In order not to tear the thin platinum foils when cleaning the electrode cells, horizontally extending rods, strips h or the like made of non-conductive material are arranged on the platinum foils, which protrude beyond the foils f so that they can be penetrated by the rod or the like introduced for cleaning not be touched and torn. According to FIGS. 5 and 6, platinum sheets / are inserted through the non-conductive electrode carriers in a known manner. The protruding protective strips h are then attached between the individual platinum strips. Pat τ claims:

1. Electrolytic apparatus for the production of bleach, consisting of a box open at the top with these partitions dividing them into several electrode cells made of non-conductive material, which also serve as a carrier for the electrodes made of platinum foils, characterized in that substantially horizontally extending on the platinum foils, The effective electrode surfaces protruding rods, strips or the like. Are arranged for the purpose of a Cleaning of the electrode cells from above by inserting a solid object without damaging the electrode material.

2. Electrolytic apparatus according to claim I with double-pole through which Electrodes made of platinum sheet metal inserted through the non-conductive partitions characterized in that the protruding protective bars and the like. Between the individual platinum sheets fixed in a carrier are attached.

1 sheet of drawings.