DE1671689C - Arrangement for charging a storage battery containing cells with a negative zinc electrode and a porous positive acid electrode, between which a porous separator is arranged, which divides the electrolyte space into an anodic and a cathodic electrolyte space - Google Patents

Description

I-Iiι ¹ viirliejicnde lilindiMiL 'he / ielii' -ieh a: il emc ΛηιίπΙηιιιιμ / ur I adi'iu · an .Akkumuliintbaiiene. the / rush with a nei'aiiven / inkelektioile und eiikr piiiosen piisiliv ^ n SiueiMolleleküiide uttlvill. between which there is a pimiscr Separaioi aiiuennlnci C! er den / wischen der / inkelekiiiulv ¹ iinii dei Sauersliilieleklrode i: elegenen [■ 'ekfιnKIr.ium liiil euieili wciiiu ^ lciis a I eil of the 1 lckirilvic intraumes passing alkaline dream. i kalhoiliselien Γ-.lckliiilv Iiauni divides. l ^: s siiul / \ kkumulatorhallerien im! ncüativen / inkek kln.de and pciöser positivci Siuei'.ldirelektiode known, / between which e: n the hectiodes kiiiiliiiiiicrlicli passing I lektrolvt arrange! is. The ricktiolvl is a · '''! I ⁱ ehe Ι.Γ'-uni !. V'.m '/ ui's'.'. Ci- ^1. · ¹¹ U ¹ .:. ¹ K.ilmmliy (lio \! (! L () Miim benut. / T. Ι5 '· ί I nlladuiiL ^first is (Li'S.i'.ieistolielektiii.le mn .τι, in Kinnpies-ui in !. (Ιμί. Siiiu'i-ΙπΙΓ iiiler I nil vmi aul'en / ureiiihil π 'cl; ilvi duuh die l'oreii ihe-fi I iiklh) Ie in du Ι-.lek.'r..lvlraiim luneinivnrcß! I ^: n, Λί, Sauer-iull 'or the five next to it / u liinderii. to voiviidr the negative L: electrode, the electrolvtiauni is seen with a porous separator \ that divides it into two parts The reaction product of the negative 1-Iektruile is with Liivladen / inco \ id. Liiitspreeheiici the Siromungsrichtunu the inside in the l-.electrolv ten win! In the insulating end the positive electrode also as cathode and ti ic nejaüve L-.iektrode also as anode Iv / eiLlmet-

-.0 IkT of the charge is excreted on the anode zinc except for an alkaline solution which is saturated or substantially saturated with Zmkat. With this problem, the formation of the vision prepares wedges of visual risk. the to Kur / schliisscn and ( ^; berle-

I ^! Iingen AnIaK eibt. Dentrithiklunii is the formation of needles in zinc, which grew through the Klektioh dream \] <} J through the possibly arranged in this pom-.cn separator unil at Kur / sehlu !. ' and I. transfer to the cathode.

μ The Lri'induiig Heg! the task underlying the harmful effects of action [Jeniritbildung / u l'eseiiiüen.

/ in I.osiiiiLi dies.τ conspicuousness becomes an Akkumul.itoicvibat! -. rie of the initial geiiannien Αι ι \ oige-

Tj SLiii, υ en. which is thereby! lekenn / calibrated. that the kathodischc riektroKtraum with a iikkirol) tkrcis'auf with a ^l: ektiob!. len with a medi igereu Zinkaii'ehall aK that of the electrical conductor arranged in the anode electrolyte 1-ranni. !! '. is connected! The connection of the cathodic l'leklml \ traimis to the ilekirolyte circuit can be arranged in such a way that a flow of an electrolyte without zinc or with a low zincate content passes the cathode.

By the guideline of I ^; The measures taken will remove the prerequisites for the dendrite in the cathode electrolyte chamber to form a contact with the oxygen cathode.

1 ine other Ausl'ühnmgsl'onn characterized by dei lirliniliiiig isl that the .modische Hlektrolvtraiim over di: n porous separator and an on anodischeu! ^: lek: rolvträum arranged sequence for tion niektroluen on the l ^; .leklro! \ tkieis an-

i.-., is closed and that a Zinkausseidungsv οι iichtumj. /. H. an I aektrolysear. in which lÄlektrolykrMs / wisclien the process of lilektiolvli'ium and your l.iiilauf / mn k.ithodisehen l ^: .lektn.lytraiim is arranged. After this Ausfulmingsform a

, = .0 l-'lnss of ilekrolylene without zincate or with a Low Zmkaigelialt through the porous separator in Kieiitun; ' of the cathodic l-.lcklrolv dream / um anot'isclicn l-electrolyte space maintained. Through this win! containing the transport of zinc Inside of the anodisehoi: lilektrolytratim! Ti RiclKiiiig / um kathodisclien ί lektrolytraimi through the separaior prevented. The course of the llcktrolvteu can also from the Kalhodischcn electrical dream as also arranged by the anodiscus l'.leklrolyraum

Sn become, with a hasty passing ties I lekirolyls with low oiler no zinc algelialt past tier Saueislolfkaliiotle untl a current De- ILctiolytes through the porous separator staltlindei.

■ 'Ι The purpose of the / iiikausselieidiingsvoirit lituiig also I Lkirolylen at l'assai'c ties I lelliolvtlaumes iiufiieniiinmene-- zinc / u unlearn, so dal'i ν Κ r 1 "Ii! -, ι .. ι K (. v.i in 'ι wie.I .; dem kathodisclien

^Ί i 671 689

3 4

^: i -.- kfiiivtrauni zuuelühn becomes free \ <> n Zinkaiioiun ner than or dyke 'ι tier Duichniesser tier pores m

^: uder Jinen PUil! ^; '_en (ieli ;; li an Zinkatu.iuii liai. the active Schieh;. Flcktri den of the specified species

The anudisclie Flckttul ·. iiaum can only be one with two layers; .jwuhnujh in Brjunstoll-

iiiin.ireii ί ¹ Ii k'.r.'i ■. ten ν er ». Iu η s,;:;. wiilvi pn lines use ', and their 1 lei .division is dincli

'■■.: See. ο I k-küolvtfau: · :! during de 'I u; la.iauj 5 these reelimk are well known

jesjluedLiics /: -. ko \ i ·.! or Z.ini-kvdnivd wan- The porous separator bjst -.- hi from a tlir den

.: ' der kaduuii, luren R / dukimp m / ank about I lektrolvteii impermeable-a:' p. l'branch from one

ahn is, d.is sub d.u.u is deposited on the anode. niclillciundcii puröseu material, /. B. chum art

. "uii'djncijk'n b.; r; iu '; i can erl'ind'.ins: ^ .- mälA -aoit wu cellophane, PoIv \ inv lclilorid or PoIy-. . ': ■ nut eiiiJi ;! other Flckiroiv tkreis iur k..nii -, ο Lu hy! cn or from a material mixed with T ^

Iu-Iu- Zuluhi vi-r. v. jii, listens ::; i essential from in the alkali -jlui; Fuki;,> lv'en insoluble om-

Zuikal: -j-.ii '., -.' Teir Hek.! "! ·» ". · '! / ¹ year ': ¹ . AiiiKi, .p.- tlen, / .. ii. Zirconium or fi.iniiiiVH; iov, d.

-. t f ι ·! \ Iran; ·.! . be jihundcn. The Fkkirol) ί consists mainly of potassium

i> ._ /i:.kan.Vij kanu;: ^ jin.in sheet of seven ir-dio> .id. that in water to a solution, you 20 to

.ι \ '. jtii isieiis: e! a ^; v inert \ Lui'i mil an ι--, 45 (iev> i · htspro / ent de- llvdn> \ ids enihalts. aiiiuj-

! ;; ': huke; i be-uhen. For example made of nickel or Kupier H) Sl;

^: ■ aiii the surface: ar.ianns /. '.' ,. jlekli'oUi.v. hie Fnhiduni; is .kiij ¹ . ii, - j], friction several.

. \ .- di..djiu; n / i:, k. l.i.v. Lead.;! can audi. rUüij> AuMUhrungsbeispule at üai; the door drawing closer

.η Zi.ikbela :: haN.-ii utul during uer I.Litiunu explained: In tier Z ..- i ·. hi'ung shows

aiis'jj / hudciupi / ink tiber / O; -eri Wv _; .. ien. /-.η so Fig. 1 schePriiiseh cij Anoidium ^ rac!) ti-Ji

". vU, j '. li! ec! i-;: - · j iu; u uuit'-p Mj.al! kanu Hriiiuiung. in tier der K, uh..denelek! ri>! yti aum mi'.

:. . :: em network, (.luiji r.jl. tkj.!. au- · an inert e; ner> L: i: i! aiil 'imti sequence d'.: n l'iii F'lcktriiivlkreis-

-.i: J .iiiV.eiidjii. Ma; i kanu aiun.: 'S. ^; \ i "h! j -j'.n 'i'iit nii-vlngeni 7 inkati'jhait or ni / / inkaiireiem

l. '- cK NjI /. Ci ι tier or .IuI only made of zinc b 'ütü / jri. kljktrcUt has passed.

i) .e: ii '! v) -c Sauersi'iudektrude k.inn e.g. au-. Sii- ι *. k'iJ-2 schei; '. u ^: r | i a j Aniirdnung, in which djr

'-,;, akiivierie.ii Nickel, [' laiin, plann, ι 'em K'Milen- Anoujneljktrolyii.u'in am called P.lektrolv ikrei- ·

■ 'f M;' ng.;: Ulio - .. 'i! , .- iur juur Mischniig "> un Sii '-. jt- geschiosven is.

. , i i.nd Nickel iusijhen Du L-lekttntl-j kanp Γ ,,, ϊ, ι F ι ·.;. 3 an at. 'idnium at tie the anode elec-

■ i, '- JIi. du üioi <jenuj are, um 'ui F.nikitliinü \ nr, irolytra ^1. "!! at the inflection circle with a with Zmkai

■ '. ■■ r ("..isziiiuhrsfit'j der F'kktroi! -. · / ImjfuliMjn Saiur- 30 ues.ittierten or in" Aj-JnIhJhVi) saturated inflection- - ^: ali - ¹ Jj; zugjfiiliitj Fuft in the Kathndjiulekui l ·. 1- h.tkreis uiH 'is closed.

.run "; to let through, m.> da'.i das (la-; die L'anze / eil (· 'i l;. 4 s: heni; .iisv-h an arrangement in which the

: del i ^; lektio! \ uii! iineinsiri.iin !. At the thread of the Ain'djnelektri'ilyr.auni both on the first FlektrolU-

liai'jfie forms.-ah at the cathode Naner-uiil. 'kr circle al ^i; also at the Ict / tgena-iiuen l-lektroivikreis

d.uiü - - at least / roughly - from the F'ukiio- is closed ---- en 'st.

Fun iiii Kaihodji-.e! .Ktrol \ tr: ium is recorded, F ig · S scheniatisch an ei fmdgemalU: An

Nav.li juxt \ onjiliiaii: η ν usfuhnumsfiiri!) Of the order with several cells drawn in and

1 ilindunj becomes the .sa, u; sioifjkklrodj with an ivi! '1 e. ό schematically in section a part of a

u.r Fi.kiiOdjii'-reaction active spray with giubjieii oxygen electrode. you ouch an active layer mil

l'.iren, the: ^r j "Jii an an tier San.'rsnilikathude» ^(: -'upper pores inui a makiive layer with fine-

■ uoriinciiii SaucisioiT- v-the! u'tiaun, uewendet ι. ^1st ή iju pores bosielu.

and a,: inactive SJiicht mil feiiicieu P «.un al · · ^{i! i} '"''ί-·' ^h ' ^s ' ^ ^cl ' ^L Accumulatorbaltei υ to the <üj active schuiii. du el · 111 Flekeolvh.-n The Kathn better understanding let me form a deneicktrois ti auiü.s zuukehri is from'jebi'dei. At ZcIIe iiezeichnei, the battery in de; practice use etnef iiktrode this! On hai it, I 45 a giolk number of cells umi'al.U. proved that ilali man ■ ine snciiere charge of the bat- In Fig. 1 bj / euhiut 10 the zinc anode, the beiterie envichi and thereby venneiilet. da! ' ^! as is covered with luimenswc-riem Cn ad from F.lektrolvten de- Ka'ho-Zink. The oxygen cathiule is wild with II bcdenelvjklrolytrainnes. The hiiiuit is characterized and composed of a mixture of silver and damn, 'ial.l the inakive Layer built up with the 50 nickel. It can thereby be produced wcrijineieu pores thanks to Kapilkiikräfl.n the Pkktmly- ile ile silver nut in a communicating pore i'.eii; j-.tl, .i: t and π in the active komgröBe of 5 with ⁽⁾ 0 (ievvichtsteilen nickel shoe! mixed with the coarse pores, a Miitelkunigiölic of 5 u prevents it from being mixed. around the ί K.klr.iiy i-jitc hei from / .idrm- the mixture with a Prclklruck of gen. The akin. · in layer 55 may miIlIich Flcktnulcn hido kp Toggle ¹ to a l-lektiode gelomii and geans the material that was previously sintered at 500 C in VSasserstolT for the Sauersiiillelektniden gen.Mnlormie F.lekirode. The inactive .. ¹ SJiielu can be out. If tlie Fk-klrode ver-Nuk'j! consists · :. that is pointed out to the canyon with the iTOs. If you let SauersiolT otler air from the Cu'.s-UIi pores through cm.η SediMicnta! ionp; ozer> aalge space 12 through, so that (read at Fntladiing is brought about because aiii the layer with d. 11 gmberen G "Four Γ-'orni from Mlaseii in the F.lektrolviraiim comes. Pores Liesinteil wiu'j. Zwcckniiii'.i :.: n Veiliindumi If the Fleklrode as in Fig. 6 except with the one with dei llerstelliiiu: dij.jr It can also be an active layer 50 with upper pores 51, for example made of, for example, ceramic material . Ma-.m. · Ιιηκι \ κί. / MkMu: uinoMd and nickel, with an inactive layer 52 with fine Tlioiiii: iii) \ id. [lic - ·., -I mäi ', iue (iri · !. ¹ ... ; akt'.en Schi hi i-.t 1 to l'iti, and in Ί · τ ui-iik, h: ii "<! <j of 1 .. veiselien vvirtl. ciliält you · w> r active λ iiciil ί '' ■■: ■ η ¹ ■ /. Zw. I ; pa! ai '-.ind die hui liii ^1. '; ne Dcppjlsjiiuhaclekitiidi. 'bjscln iebeiui; ιΐιι, Ι, ιπ,, "ίίΙγ Γ i' , ii d τ a ',,! · -, ii S- i; i.! i; ki ..' Vi-ljii. ι .Mj ^ uiviinni the inactive layer can

5 6

At the same time with the Sinicruiig ilei active layer, that is, the anodic backflow area, is the solution dii'cli take place that the nickel mil the smaller with precipitation of / ink on the anode from Grain size as a layer above the mixture / -ink freed. starting to charge the anode Silver and nickel arranged and. In I'ig. <> is nominal / ink becomes de; » llckliolv ten in the other llektrolvl mil 54 be / eiehnel (it penetrates j oidming 32 / ugefuit.

Layer 52 one and wide! Kings of the l'orenllii- Hie arrangement according to I'ig. 4 is an Abanderum

serve in the layer 50 from), and the oxygen or the anoiding according to. 2 mils in 1 ig. 3 loading

the air with 55. wrote /.weiden Eleklrolylkieis. With the ven

The electrolyte space is created by the porous til 2 ¹ ) one has the possibility to regulate how large

Separator or partition 15, e.g. B. consisting io who part of the electrolyte in the first electrolyte circuit in

from a cellophane disc thinner than 1 mm into two of the anode cells

Parts, the Anodniclektrolv. tiatim 13 and the Kalho- shall, and with the valve 32, like the electrolyte, the

The electrolyte compartment 14 is divided. In the arrangement according to the Anodcncktrolytraiim happens Iiat, on the

Fig. I is the electrolyte in the anode electrolyte space first and / wide electrolyte circuit are distributed

stationary. Hr consists of a Kaliunihydroxid- 15 should.

solution, which is in contact with the charge In Fig. 5 is shown in principle as the supply

Zinc oxide or zinc hydroxide is located. The cathode should take place from oxygen or air when the time

dcnclcktrolytiatim is to a Hlektrolvikreis with oils in the arrangements of Fig. 1 to 4 through

connected to the inlet 16 and outlet 17. To replace a battery with multiple cells,

The circuit includes a valve 18, a pump 19, a 20 The zinc anodes 60 with the connecting conductors 61 are

Flektrolyseiir 20 for precipitating zinc, a case shown in Fig. 5 in the aiioden

Warmcausl.uivjher 21 and a F.ntgasungsauord- elektrolytraumen 62 in the form of networks or

opening 22 for removing the Katliodcnelektroly- Cutters arranged. The Saucrstolikatlioden are with

space accumulated gases. The electrolyte consists of 63 denoted, the connecting lead with 73. the

from a potassium hydroxide solution that has 16 25 oxygen or air spaces with 64 at the inlet, the cathode

under the zinc separation device 20 free of trolyträumc with 65 and the porous separators with

Zinc is or only a very low zincate content 66. The line 67 with the branch lines 67 ".

r :; _r λ. ««! » ..., d are cathode

Ί IV lit VlV. I.

with 23 and 24 and inlet and outlet for up to 4 and the line 68 with the branch lines the gas to the gas space with 25 and 26. 30 68 ″. 68 /> and 68c of the line 26. The line 69 According to FIG. 2, the anode leakage space 13 with the branch lines 69 «. 69 Λ. 69 r and 69 </ ent via the porous separator 15 and an outlet 27 on the branch lines 70 <, 70 />, 70 c and 70 d of FIG ei called Elektrolytkrcis connected. the valves tung 36. the line 71 connected to the branch lines 71 <28 and 29 allow the regulation of the flows, 35 and 71 b corresponding to the line 37 and the line that the electrolyte is wholly or partially from Flcktro- with the Branch lines 721 and 721) of line 3H can flow away at 27. As a result, when the battery is discharged, a current of the electrolyte without zinc or with a small amount of a stationary electrolyte in the form of zincate can pass through the separator 15 aiifrcherhal- clectrolyte space the arrangements in the same th will, as the arrows show, the transport 40 will be sonicated as with the charge In Aiuvd of zinc-containing ions towards the intimate with a second The electrolyte cycle is prevented by the cathode electrolyte. Discharge of the anode electrolyte area in the arrangement according to FIG. 3, the electrolyte-led electrolyte is unsaturated with regard to zinc. The circuit through the cathode electrolyte can be achieved by using a zinc structure as in the arrangement according to Fig. 1. It is also equipped with a separating device, which provides the zinc housing with a second electrolyte circuit, the trolyts A pump 30, a heat exchanger 31 and an on-line is switched on instead of the arrangement 32. The electrolyte can be heated according to the order 32 for the supply of zinc to the electrolyte the anode, if this is necessary in order to achieve the electrolyte compartment is introduced at 33, is saturated or substantially saturated with zinc so that the solution is unsaturated with regard to zinc

1 sheet of drawings

Claims (2)

Claims. 1. AnoidmiJii: to the I adiine of an Akkumuki'.orb.itUTK ·. the cells iv.it a riOLi.iti \ ^ n Z.inkcLk ^: iide and -JIiKT porous ptiviiiv cn Sauerstui! ! eklMlk 'onllliilt (.. / smudge Ti d CiK ¹ M Cl! l pOIi'SCI separator angcordn.-t. ilen animal / wipe the Zmkelektrodc and -.ici Saiiersiolicl.'ktrodc ticle-IZlP-II llcktrillv tralini! lilt Ci ΙΚΊ11 WeHI-JvUTi- CUK ¹ H 'Ici! des LleklmKtraimics pas-iercnden Jkali-H ¹ Ii ίί i-.lectrocts into a unodic and Linen kaihodischcn' Lk: ro! v tr.:um divides, d .ι dureh . geke ίί π / e ι η ch et dal '!. · kai the iodisi.lie I- ^ k'ii'ol · traun; an I' Lktroh t cycle m (^. ^5); a ''! ekiroluen with a lower. ■ "".;! lk;:! gehal! ..! ■ - iL'il Je-- iin Anodcnclek '.; ■■ Kli.iiini aiüieorimcion L- iektrojv iui vcibundcn is. 2. Order! according to claim I. d; iilui -.:! i gekc! in, 'deh: ic !. dal · 'iici anodic ;: LLküoh trauni ulv ul :; pnKi-Oπ Sep; 'r; i! "un-.i a am anodi- ^ hen ί ickl: anchor iM \ irainu:! iK! cn AMaiil (27) i'iir (Vm lick !! · ■ ·] \! - Wed.! in LLkuoivikreis atiucselilossci! is ι, id dal 'emc zinc ;; u - chcidi): iüsvoi right :. /.Ii. em I-iektr> 'l ·. -cur j 20). ;; i dem liekiri'Klkieis / wi'-i ilen den; Process μ Mil ILklio! ·. ! room in. dem HmI ii; r / um kjthodisclK'n FLkiroiviraum aiiL'coidnct is ν aluminum after; my of claims! >) de! "2. thereby ^ ckenn / cidnnM Jal.'i de; ' iniinü-M lie I-Jei.inih Iiauni with another Iilekuol \ 'kieis liir die /.uftiiir eino *; m; l Zinkat ueni ·; -s. ι ο Μ s in the wcseniiichen jesaitijten t-! ckli «il ·. len / um anodistlien | - !! i-kliiilv1rai ::; i veri - ^ 'uie ;, i ^ t, • ί. Anniversary ¹ . naeli an ilc \ n-prLelie 1 to 3. daduieh! '. ekenn / eiehuel. ¹ J.ii '· the S.iucrsiiiirelekimdc composed of a l'k'klt-H'i. "Which has an active layer mn Luubeien I'oioii. Die;: e;: eii i-men an (! Ei Sauei-hilieiektHHie liiv.'ciii'd-HeIe ¹ I Oxerstolf- odei I uilniiim t'.eWLiulct i ^ t. And an active Sehielil with t'eincren Pnteii a! ·· those in four active ^ eliiclil. The .K m kallmdi • -ein π liickii'nK (space / 'irekehit ist.