DE1648969A1 - Centrifugal separator - Google Patents

Description

Priority ι ν. 2? .Oct. 1966 in Swede »Registration. Mon .: 14 708/66

This invention relates to a centrifugal separator for the treatment of a liquid, especially a medium-sized liquid volume, for example for the separation of the heavy bladder from the lighter one. a solution or mixture in a laboratory. An interesting field of application for the invention is blood treatment for the separation of blood serum or blood plasma and other blood components.

A common type of centrifugal separator is that so-called bottle centrifuge, in which the to be treated * Profre aufgenoiameji in jlaschea or tubular containers. is and several such bottles or containers housed in the rotor which are then rotated at high speed

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will. -The heavier components or phases collect at the bottom of the container. In order to balance the rotor, it is necessary to carefully determine the amount of the sample or to attach counterweights to the bottles or containers opposite if the sample consists of blood which has been conveyed from the donor into tubes which are not directly into the Xe.ntrjfugal separator could be used, "the blood of th JRohrem in particular for the cutter must Röhrem are transferred" While $ ener decanting the blood ▼ on a Eökre into another must coagulated components Toa would be resolved the Wendipxg the first teaching ". This has careful ^ «! happen because otherwise hemolysis can occur, which represents an undesirable destruction of the blood corpuscles. This handling is not only difficult, it also takes a lot of time and is very costly.

The invention deals with another type of centrifugal separator, de * so-called Rohrenzehtrifugeaiiiu.iA.xA This type of centrifuge is characterized in that the.% Η- ^ _; The trifuge container is rotated about its axis, with the result that the heavy phase of the sample collects on the container wall, while the lighter phase moves a little farther away, ie more loaded to the symmetry line of the container. An arrangement of iron knives, deflectors, or similar devices can be used to separate these two phases. If a centrifugal separator of this type is used for testing purposes, it is necessary to determine, before filling in a new sample,

that the device has been cleaned so that residues ; ^ 109885/0341

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not from previous samples; contaminate the new sample.

It is an object of the invention to provide a centrifugal separator after. Type of tube centrifuge to create *. Which one it allows manual operation as far as possible when handling samples and using centrifuges, avoid » Another object of the invention is to provide a centrifugal separator to create that, without danger, a test If another sample is rendered unusable, it is put into operation can. Also in the SentrifugalabSehaleider the once separated phases the sample during continued treatment in the arrangement do not mix again importation & asdisr ».

According to the invention, the centrifugal absGhtfeider is d & durea characterized in that a rotating body rotatable at high speed is formed so that it is a röhreaförüigea Insertion for the liquid, which is central and axial is built into the rotating body, ®ia receptacle detachable on The open side of the container is attached to a larger bucket Diameter than the container and a narrow part at the open Side of the tubular container that has the heavy phase retains in the container during the lighter phase allowed to flow into the receptacle »

The invention is based on the drawing in embodiments " explains which are used to treat blood samples to separate blood serum or blood plasma from the other components of the blood to separate.

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I ¹ Ig. 1 shows a longitudinal section of the first embodiment. dar;

Fig. 2 shows the device as. Fig * 1, seen from above and Fig. 3 explains a second embodiment.

The device according to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 has a tube (1) with a closed ends * Bas the upper end of the tube enters Receiving vessel (3) with ring-shaped chamber (19) and opening (4) in the upper conical wall. The receptacle has a central hub (18), which is soluble through the plug-on cone (6) connected to the tube. This cone (6) is a tight connection that prevents liquid from getting between drips through the tube (1) and the receiving vessel (3). Of the conical extension (6) of the tube forms a shoulder (2), which ia a. corresponding piece in the lower part of the hub fits. The upper part of the property has an inwardly sloping flange (5) »so that there is a narrowing of the cross-section of such a kind that there is a sufficient annular step between the inner surface of the cross-section narrowing and the inner The surface of the tube is present to the heavy phase of the Withhold rpobe. The lighter phase turns into a lesser one Distance to the axis of rotation brought uaC flows accordingly through the cross-sectional constriction to then in the annular Chamber (19) to be collected.

During operation, the blood sample is transferred from the donor into the tube (1) directed. The, tube is now in the honeycomb of the receiving vessel inserted so that the shoulder (1) with the shoulder of the honeycomb

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forms a positive connection. The compilation from tube and receiving vessel '' is nua into the centrifuge body (7) used, which firstly a hole in the hole (1) and secondly a hole of larger diameter in which the receptacle (3) fits into it, has. The ientrifwge «- body (7) is now closed with the help of a be'ekel (9),

This has three spring locking levers (11) which rotatable on screw «. (16) stored and through each other Spring »(17) connected sin *. The rotation forces the lock, " to the outside ia a hat (13) i & centrifugal body and fasten the lid (9) in this way · The Xe «- trifle body (7) is connected to a shaft (15) «, which is rotated by a motor »The drive type of the centrifuge body (?) does not form part of the invention and is not described here. *

The two phases of the blood test should be given enough time to separate from one another of the centrifuge body remains limited at first, so that the sample does not flow through the narrow gap before the phases are separated. The blood forms a layer (20) on the wall of the tube (1), ftun will be the speed increased, so that the lighter phase, the blood plasma or serum, through the cross-sectional constriction (5) in <üe annular Chamber (19) flows, while the heavier phase, mainly consisting of blood cells, in the tube (1) through the Flange (5) is retained. Diö centrifuge is now stoppedii so that the locks (11) by the springs. (17)

be moved to the center «.;.;. 109885/0341

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The tube and receiving vessel are now pulled out of the entrifuge body (7), advantageously with the aid of a tool which is inserted into the opening (4-), - "The tube (1) is now separated from the receiving vessel, ^M ± e lighter phase can now be poured out of the receptacle through the opening (4). The centrifuge body (7) can now accommodate a new tube and receptacle. The device does not need to be cleaned, as there is no contamination of the centrifuge body (7) or the lid (9) has occurred. ^ he inner diameter of the cross-sectional constriction (5) and its ratio to the inner diameter of the tube (1) is selected depending on the volume of the sample and the desired part of the sample which is to form the lighter phase. In the above illustration, the cross-sectional constriction, the heavier phase in the tube (1) is formed retains _t by the flange (5). It is within the scope of the invention to apply this cross-sectional constriction to the inner wall of the tubes (1), for example as a thickening of the tube wall.

The tube (1) and the receiving vessel (3) should preferably be made of plastic. During the centrifuging process, the tube and the receptacle expand, including coming into close contact with the wall of the bores of the centrifuge body. After the centrifugation process, the tube and receiving device contract again due to the elasticity of the plastic, so that they can be removed from the centrifuge body. ^v le 2usanuaenstteilung tube and receptacle made of plastic is not expensive and can be destroyed after a single use.

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Fig. 3 illustrates an apparatus in which tube and The receiving vessel is inserted into the centrifuge rotor from below are. This device is specially designed for high performance, in order to collect a large number of blood samples per unit of time to sling ». The tube ~ receptacle & ®itea become automatic used in the device and aurückgeaogea ,, however, form the Loading equipment for the tube and receptacle unit a form part of this invention and are not described here.

The tube-receptacle unit ^ Äch Jfig.J is almost "the same type as those 3? Ig" 1 and! Ig.2, uad it the same. Numerals were used ^above ie device has a non-rotating StützgehäuseT3l). 7 \ enclosing a rotor made of a lower tube section (32) and an upper tube section (339 of smaller diameter. The rotor is mounted with a ball bearing (45) in the support housing? «A pulley (3 ^ ·) is attached to the upper tube section (55) to drive the rotor via an endless belt a by a motor, not shown.,

The lower tube section (32) has a first section (36) with a diameter ^ which allows the tube / receptacle unit (1), (3) to pass through the side open at © of the support housing (31) and that of the rotors (52) eiazusetaea and a second section divided by a shoulder (38) (37) of slightly reduced diameter, into which the outer diameter of the receiving vessel (3) fits exactly.

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■ The lower open end of the rotor (32) carries several spring-loaded arms (41, 42) which can be rotated around pins (4 $). When the rotor is at a standstill, the arms take the solid lines marked location eia. If the rotor rotates, the centrifugal force acts on the heavier section (41), around the Move arms against the spring action in the dashed position.

After the centrifugation is complete, a pin (39) is placed in the upper section (33) nawh pressed down. Its lower side is designed as a piston * (40) that holds the receptacle (3) pushes down and detaches from section (37) of rotor (32).

Example :

In the device according to FIGS. 1 and 2, the tubes had a length το »120 am and an inner diameter of 10.3 mm. By ^ Part (5) certain opening had a diameter of 9 »6 mm.

The tube was loaded with 5 cm (5 ml) of blood and first while Centrifuged 20 to 30 seconds at 3500 r / min, the blood plasma being separated from the other components of the blood. The speed rose for a few seconds 6000 r / min increased so that 2.5 cnr (2.5 ml) of blood plasma dmrch the cross-sectional constriction (5) in the receiving vessel raft. - ^

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Claims (7)

Pat ent an s ρ r ü c Ji "β / i) j centrifugal separator for the batch treatment of a liquid mass, preferably a small jilüesigkeite volume, characterized by a high speed rotatable Zetotrifuge body (7) , a central and axially in the centrifuge body a tubular container (1 ) for the liquid is detachable open öeit · of the container mounted receptacle of greater diameter than the container (1) and a Querschnittyerengung (*>) au "the open side of the tubular container" (1). 2) Äeatrifugalat) sch ** id «r aach lAspruck 1, thereby gekennaeickmet, that the "^ uerechmittverengumg from eimtM" oh imntm nutted Flamsck (5) on the receiving vessel. 3) Zentrifugalabseh # eid «r according to claim 1 or 2, thereby k« »» - indicates that the receptacle (3) «in the middle» la # (18) possesses, softly with the open side of the container (Ί) is connected, and a rim-shaped Itiiir (19) around the 4) centrifugal cutter according to claim J, characterized gekennaeiohnet, that the receptacle (3) has an outlet (4) in his upper section owned. 5) Zentrii'UK.al-Absch # eider according to requirements. 1 **, marked by a lid removably attached to the centrifuge body (9) _v defines the upper conical wall of the receiving vessel. 6) centrifugal separator according to claim 5, characterized in that that the lid (9) spring-loaded locking device (11) which see through the centrifugal force in locking position move outwards with the centrifuge body » contrary to the effect of Peder * (1?). 7) centrifugal separator according to claim 1, characterized by a discharge device (39, ^ O) for the receptacle in the upper part of the rotor (53) Blank e11 e