DE1644968A1 - Ester lubricants - Google Patents

Description

Ester lubricants

It is known to use aliphatic diesters of dicarboxylic acids as a powerful lubricants, hydraulic oils, metal working oils, etc.. Based on the theoretical knowledge and practical experience available, a targeted selection of the ester components can produce products with very specific properties. Despite their proven performance, individual esters made to measure in this way can only be used for special areas and rarely universally, which is why it is generally necessary to produce a special ester oil for each area of application. Thus, for example its physical and chemical properties to the monomeric Esteröl described in Table 1, column 1, in more detail, for the lubrication of jet engines% and refrigerating machine ken directly and used in admixture with Mireralölen as a multigrade engine oil.

The problem and task of the present invention was now to provide a given monomeric ester oil with good properties, but limited application area only by adding a certain amount of one and the same product to change so that the resulting formulations for the most important areas of application and the most important specifications the lubrication technology are highly suitable.

This object is inventively achieved in that a Komplexester A branched dicarboxylic acid-hexanediol or branched dicarboxylic acid Trirnethylhexandiol is emischt each in a defined amount to a mo- ^ g nomeren esters of a branched dicarboxylic acid.

Tables 1-8 show the properties of the additives according to the invention as a function of their percentages of grain ploxofiter. By adding l-lo % of a defining

109817/1581

Documents (Art. 7, Paragraph I, Paragraph 2, Ur. 1, Clause 3 of the amendment act. Y. 4.9- lifiZI

th complex ester to the aforementioned monomeric ester oil are obtained, for example, lubricants which are particularly advantageous can be used for the lubrication of engines, furthermore for the production of multigrade engine oils SAE. Classes 5 W / 2o, 5 W / ^ o or Io W / 4o which are suitable sc can then be offered as a propellant for high vacuum pumps, as well as industrial oils and finally for the ATP sector can. Higher additions of complex esters lead to lubricants such as those used in highly stressed gearboxes and hydraulic processes are required.

The structure of the complex ester proceeds in such a way that a monofunctional _tional component, e.g. an alcohol or a monocarboxylic acid is condensed with dicarboxylic acids and diols of a certain chain length and structure. Complex esters of branched in combination with linear or branched ester components of a certain chain length consistently improve monomeric esters. All of this Combination deviating systems such as completely linear complex esters fall in their performance compared to the process mentioned clearly and are often incompatible with monomer esters.

In a systematic study of the behavior of numerous complexes compared to a large number of monomeric esters, it was found that complex esters based on trimethyladipic acid-hexanediol or Trimethyladipic acid trimethylhexanediol stand out in the effect as well as in the range of applications to a particular degree.

In practice it is important that given ester oils are only mixed with those complex esters which are mutually exclusive Ensure compatibility. One through mismanagement the determined compatibility is not sufficient for such an assessment. It sometimes happens when the system is exposed to thermal stress to transesterification processes, which may be incompatibilities cause. For the production of the monomeric dicarboxylic acid esters and the complex esters, which together form the lubricant according to the invention should therefore advantageously only be the same or one structurally very related d! carboxylic acid can be used.

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If the complex ester is matched to the monomeric ester oil in With regard to the material composition, it is also advantageously effected that in the case of oxidative, thermal or hydrolytic degradation processes, which ultimately look at high stress take place, most of the resulting fission products are intercepted and react in such a way that the Ideally, the composition of the end product is not affected at all or only marginally affected.

The possible uses of the individual mixtures are indicated in the individual columns of Table 1. The great advantage obtainable with the invention is that only by adding respective different amounts of a single complexing A ester zn one and the same monomeric Esteröl high performance lubricant for virtually all important areas of application are obtained.

Even if the monomeric ester in the tables is in each case the trimethyladipic acid octyldecyl ester is given, the effect described also occurs when a monomer ester is used the base branched glutaric acid or branched succinic acid, for example monomethylglutaric acid, dimethylglutaric acid, monomes thy! succinic acid, dirnethylsuccinic acid, monomethylmalonic acid, Dimethylmalonic acid, etc.

The complex esters to be used according to the invention are made from:

The amounts set forth in detail a dicarboxylic acid ester, a diol and 0.05 to o, l%, based on the total amount of tetraalkyl titanate (generally tetraisopropyl titanate) can be fused to mono-alcohol at temperatures of 15 ° to 250 ⁰ under nitrogen protection and removal of one of the amount of diol equivalent amount applied . The last volatile components are removed in vacuo.

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The complex esters mentioned in Tables 1-8 have the following characteristics:

Prepared by reacting 1, o2 mol of trimethyladipate and dimethyl ester l, o mole of 1,6-hexanediol according to the general specification data of the complex ester:

Sto'ckpunkt ⁰ C = +6 flashpoint ⁰ C = 3o4 Mol weight = 33oo

Complex ester II

Prepared by reacting 1.5 moles of dimethyl trimethyladipate and l, o mole of 1,6-hexanediol according to the general specification data of the complex ester:

Viscosity at loo ⁰ P in cSt = viscosity at 21o ⁰ F in cSt = 35.75

Stook point ⁰ C = -Io

Flash point ⁰ C =

Molar Weight '= 1030

Prepared by reacting 1, o2 mol of trimethyladipate and dimethyl ester

l, o mole of trimethylhexanediol-1,6 according to the general procedure,

Complex ester data:

Viscosity at 21o ⁰ F in cSt =

Pour point ⁰ C = +

Flash point ⁰ C = 316

Molar Weight - 2815

10 9 8 f 771S

Complex IV

Prepared by reacting 1.5 moles of dimethyl trimethyladipate and

1.0 mole of 1,6-trimethylhexanediol according to the general procedure

Complex ester data:

Viscosity at loo ⁰ P in cSt = "5415 Viscosity at 21o ° P in cSt = 137.1

Pour point ⁰ C = 0

Flash point ⁰ C = 3o5

Molar Weight = 164o

Prepared by reacting 1.02 moles of trimethyladipic acid octyl decyl ester and 1.0 mole of 1,6-hexanediol according to the general procedure Complex ester data:

Viscosity at loo ° P in'cSt = 1859 Viscosity at 21o ° P in cSt = 134

Pour point ° C = -Io

Flash point ° C = 286

Molar Weight = 160

Complex ester VI

Prepared by reacting 1.5 mol of trimethyladipic acid octyl decyl ester and l, o mole of 1,6-hexanediol according to the general specification data of the complex ester:

Viscosity at loo ⁰ P in oSt - 117.7 Viscosity at 2Io ⁰ P in cSt = 15.85

Pour point = -38

Flash point - 261

Molar Weight - 850

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Complex ester VII

Prepared by reacting 1.02 moles of trimethyladipic acid octyl decyl ester and

1.0 mole of 1,6-trimethylhexanediol according to the general procedure.

Complex ester data:

Viscosity at 21o ° F in cSt = 650

Pour point ⁰ C = + Io

Flash point = 265

Molar Weight = 1770

Complexester_VIII

Prepared by reacting 1.5 mol of trimethyladipic acid octyl decyl ester and

1.0 mole of 1,6-trimethylhexanediol according to the general procedure.

Complex ester data:

Viscosity at 210 ° F in cSt = 97.3

Pour point ⁰ C = -Io

Flash point ⁰ C = 273

Molecular weight = I290

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Properties of ester oil formulations depending on the percentage of complex esters

Tabel

Complex ester I % O 4th 7th 27 Trimethyladipic acid octyl 100 9β 93 73 decyl ester % ' Viscosity at 100 ° P in cSt 12.74 18.18 22.73 126.4 Viscosity at 21o ° P in cSt 3.25 4.43 5.3o 21.53 Viscosity index 141 175 I69 143 Pour point ⁰ C -73 -65 -59 -35 Flash point ⁰ C 224 226 230 243 Noack value % 14.7 13.5 11.4 '7.8 Possible uses: Lubricant for: Engines, how process, how process, highly stressed Chillers, as well as also for te transmission Combustion Propellant transmission as hydraulic Engines for vacuum liköl pump

16U968

Table 2

imlexestsr II

si, 5

Trimethyladipic acid _ ■ · decylesrsr fc

77

Is, 5

Viscosity at loo'F in cat viscosity at 21o ^w ? in eor, viscosity index
Pour point ⁰ C

155

-53

139.9 21.33 125
-17
248

Flash point C

Possible uses according to Table 1, however,

th specifications.

Properties of ester oil crulater. Ir. Dependency on the percentage of complex esters

Table 3

Complex ester III % cSt 17.6 93 27 cSt 4.23 21.1 73 Trimethyladipic acid octyl
decyl ester % in the 4.98 8th?. 5 Viscosity at loo ° P in -69 17! 14.25 Viscosity at 2lo ° P in 23o -66 him Viscosity index Table 1 -IiQ Pour point ⁰ C 239 Flash point ⁰ C changing- Uses
th specifications 233 according to , but with

10981 7/1581

Table 4 4th 7th 27 Complex IV fo 96 93 73 Trimethyladipic acid octyl
deoyl ester % 15.3o 17.58 41.8 Viscosity at 100 ° P in cSt 3.81 4.37 7.91 Viscosity at 21o ° P in cSt 163 175 147 Viscosity index -71 -65 -56 Pour point ⁰ C 230 235 243 Flash point ⁰ C Table 1, but with changing- Uses according to
th specifications

Properties of ester oil formulations as a function of the percentage of complex esters

Table 5

Most complex V % 7th 93 27 75 Trimethyladipic acid octyl
deoyl ester % 18.69 73 11 Viscosity at 100 ° F in cSt 4.45 48, Viscosity at 21o ° F in cSt 17O.1 9, Viscosity index -71 148 Pour point ⁰ C 233 -57 ver Flash point ⁰ C Table 1, 238 but with Uses according to
changed specifications

Table 6

Complex ester VI % Table 1, but with changing- Trimethyladipic acid octyl
decyl ester % 7/1581 Viscosity at 100 ° F in cSt
Viscosity at 21o ° F in cSt
Viscosity index
Pour point ⁰ C
Flash point ⁰ C
Uses according to
th specifications 10981

Properties of ester oil fortnulates as a function of the percentage of complex esters

Te.be He 7

Complex ester VII % 4th 7th 27 Trimethyladipic acid octyl
decyl ester % 96 93 73 Viscosity at 100 ° F in cSt l6, oo 18.8 61.2 Viscosity at 21o ° F in cSt 3.99 4.31 Io, o8 Viscosity index 171 159 139 Pour point ⁰ C -68 -65 -53 Flash point ⁰ C 227 232 24o Possible uses according to table] ., but with changed Specifications

Table 8

Complex ester VIII % 4th 7th 27 Trimethyladipic acid octyl
decyl ester % 96 93 73 Viscosity at 100 ° F in cSt 15.25 16.35 41.8 Viscosity at 21o ° F in cSt 3.8 3.99 7.91 Viscosity index 162 167 147 Pour point ⁰ C -64 -67 -56 Flash point ⁰ C 23o 233 24o Possible uses according to Table 1
Specifications , but with changed

109817/1581

Claims (2)

Claims Lubricant characterized by a mixture of one monomeric ester of a branched dicarboxylic acid, in particular one of those of trimethyladipic acid, with straight-chain, aliphatic, primary monoalcohols or their homologues with a complex ester based on branched or branched dicarboxylic acid hexanediol Dicarboxylic acid trimethylhexanediol. ) Lubricant according to claim 1, characterized in that the complex ester used is one of trimethyladipic acid with 1,6-hexanediol or 1,6-trimethylhexanediol with an average molecular weight of 500 to k 000, 109817/1581 Documents (Art 7 § 1 Para. 2 No. 1 b.uz 3 of the "ndfcruny & sj sv 4. 9.1967K"