DE1601128A1 - Device for heat exchange between solids - Google Patents

Description

DR. MOLLER-BORt DIPL.-INQ. GRALFS DR. MANITZDr PATENT LAWYERS

Munich, Aug. 7, 1967

-C 833

CHABBOMAGES DE FBANCE 9, Avenue Percier, Paris 8, France

Device for heat exchange between solids

The invention relates to a device for exchanging heat in countercurrent between coarse and pulverföraigen solids of the type of a rotary tube anusstausch ^ s with an axis of rotation inclined with respect to the horizontal, "in which the pulverulent solids are introduced into the exchanger at the highest or upper end and at withdrawn from the lowest or lower end, while the coarse solids are fed into the lower end and removed from the upper end.

The invention also relates to devices for exchanging heat between solids of different types Robustness, using the device according to the invention will, and in particular a device for

009848/0358

BAU ORlGiNAL

or coking,
Various / eleflrn / assorted carbon compacts.

The device according to the invention is characterized by a rotating axis of rotation which is inclined with respect to the horizontal by an angle <X. Tube, which is bordered at its ends by two Endquerwände! And inside by a plurality of the inner wall of the rotating tube integral internal transverse walls divided into several rooms, wherein the Endquerwände and the inner transverse walls referred to below as partitions in its center with a Opening of a suitable shape are provided, the cross-section of which

essential

/ is greater than the largest dimension of the coarse solids introduced, and each of the spaces is partially divided by a rigid, curved plate, hereinafter referred to as a paddle, which connects the upper partition of the space with the lower partition and at the same time with the Inner wall of the rotating tube through one of its edges _f with the lower partition corresponding to a "lower" curve, the concavity of which is selected such that the opening of the lower partition lies on the convex side of the "lower" curve,

Q0QÖA8 / 03S8

and the upper septum is connected according to an "upper" curve which is tangential to the edge of the opening of the. upper septum runs and. whose concavity is chosen such that the opening of the upper partition lies on the concave side of the "upper" curve, the shape and position of the "lower" curve being chosen such that each intersection line of the blade with a plane running through the axis of the tube forms an angle / 3 with the axis of rotation of the tube, which is at least equal to the angle oL and is in the opposite direction to v / e »

Another advantageous embodiment is the shovel provided with a rigid, curved extension or slide, which extends on part of the edge of the Central opening of the upper septum rests and in engages the upper room.

The shovels, slides and are more advantageous if necessary, provide the inner transverse walls with holes, whose cross-section is greater than the largest dimension of the powdered solids introduced and less than the smallest dimension of the coarse solids introduced is.

009848/0368 ^BAD

According to another advantageous embodiment of the invention, the blades and the slides assigned to them are angularly displaced relative to one another.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the displacement angle between two successive units consisting of a shovel and a chute is constant over the entire length of the pipe.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, the angle of displacement between the successive shovel and chute units is not uniform over the entire length of the pipe.

According to further features of the invention, the upper end of the tube is provided with devices for the supply of pulverulent solids, optionally with a controllable throughput, and devices for removing the coarse solids.

Finally, according to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the lower end of the tube is provided with devices for the supply of coarse-grained solids, if necessary with a controllable throughput, and devices for removing the powdery solids.

009848/0388

The openings are preferably in the end partition walls formed circular.

According to a further advantageous embodiment of the! Invention the blades slides are u nd given · if the inner partition walls provided with holes, whose cross section is greater than the largest dimension of the supplied powdery solids and less than the smallest dimension of the fed coarse Peststoffe.

According to a further embodiment, only the blades and the chutes are provided with holes, the cross section of which larger than the largest dimension of the powdery solids supplied and smaller than the smallest Dimension of the fed coarse-grained solids is.

The invention further comprises means for heat exchange between solids of different granularity in which the m heat exchanger according to the invention

is used, and in particular a device for or coke

Smoldering assorted coal prawns with the help of a powdery or granular thermophores, which is characterized by

- that the solids sorted in the container at the exit

009848/0358 | bad OR _iG , _NAt

1801128

the device are separated by sieving from the powdery solids that they have taken with them,

-that the withdrawn from the »heat exchanger according to the invention before cooled powdery solids their reintroduction into the heat exchanger is reheated in a fluidized bed reactor,

- the pulverulent solids drawn off from the heat exchanger and cooled, and those through sieving separated from the treated sorted solids Solids pneumatically driven by an oxidizing fluid and the base of a to reheat them serving fluidized bed reactor are supplied, wherein the transport fluid serves as a fluidizing agent,

- That the heated powdery solids pneumatically withdrawn from the heating and fluidized bed reactor and removed from the transport fluid by means of a dedusting cyclone be disconnected before being reintroduced into the heat exchanger,

- That all or part of the fuel required to reheat the pulverulent solids

, α ·: -00984 8/0358

from the. entrained by the powdery solids There is coke dust and

- That, if necessary, in the heating reactor Additional fuel is provided in solid, liquid or gaseous form.

According to an advantageous embodiment, the pulverulent solids are conveyed by means of a pass by a second heat exchanger according to the invention preheated, which is arranged between the first heat exchanger and the heating and fluidized bed reactor, this second heat exchanger at its lower end through the sorted, hot and treated solids is fed, which come from the first heat exchanger.

Further details and advantages of the invention will be provided explained below with reference to the drawing * In this shows:

Figure 1 is a partial view of a partially broken "" ifcze lehnet en overview representation of a first Embodiment "of the exchanger according to the invention,

009848/0368

"in which the blades and the inner partitions are provided with holes,

Figure 2 is a longitudinal section of the same embodiment,

Figure 3 is a front view of the lower bulkhead of a exchanger space according to the invention,

FIG. 4 shows a front view of the upper transverse wall of a lukewarm room according to the invention,

Figures 5, 6 and 7 are three views to explain the mode of operation of a shovel,

Figure 8 shows a longitudinal section of a further embodiment of the heat exchanger, in which only the blades Holes are provided,

FIG. 9 shows an overview illustration, partially broken away <* »Another embodiment of the heat exchanger according to the invention,

Figure 10 is a longitudinal section of the embodiment shown in Figure 9,

009848/0358 _BA D

- sir-

Figure 11 is a perspective and partially broken shown partial view of a further embodiment of the invention,

Figure 12 is an end view illustrating the angular displacement of the blades in the embodiment according to FIG. 11, and

FIGS. 13 and 14 show two schematic representations of a device in which the device according to the invention is used for charring pressed coal.

The rotating tubular exchanger shown in the drawing consists of a cylindrical tube 1 which is rotated about the axis x'-x, which forms an angle C ^ ^{with the horizontal HH 1} , by means of any known device which is not shown in FIG Revolution can be offset.

The tube 1 is delimited at its ends by a lower end wall 2 and an upper end wall 3. The inside of the pipe is through transverse walls? 10, 11 and 12, those with the inner wall de3 pipe are firmly connected, in several rooms 4, 5 »6, 7 and 8 divided.

009848/0368

The end transverse walls are provided in their middle with a preferably circular opening Op, 0, and form
thus the end partitions 2 and 3 (the circular
Cross-section allows a simpler one at the ends
Sealing, if required).

The transverse walls 9, 10, 11 and 12 are provided in the middle with openings 00,0 ^ 0,0 ^^, 0 ^ 2, which can be any
have a suitable shape and thus form the inner partitions 9-12. The openings can be egg-shaped, for example, as shown in FIGS. 1, 3, 4, 5 »6, 7» 9, 10 and 12.

All openings in the partitions have a cross section that is significantly larger than the largest dimension of the
coarse solids fed to the exchanger.

The spaces 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8 are partially divided in their longitudinal direction by a blade 14, 15, 16, 17, «» «t 18, which connects the transverse walls above and below a thread chamber with one another and on the same side with one another the inner wall of the rotating tube 1 is firmly connected by means of one of its edges and the two transverse walls which delimit the corresponding chamber upwards and downwards.

00984 8/0358

FIG. 3 shows the track 19 of the blade 16 on the lower transverse wall 10 of the chamber 6. The track 19 is a curve whose radius of curvature decreases as it moves away from the inner wall of the pipe 1. The concavity of the Spui * is such that the lower opening 0 ^ _{n is located} on the convex side of the curve 19.

Figure 4 shows the track 20 of the same blade 16 on the upper transverse wall 11 of the same chamber 6. The track 20 consists of a part adjoining the upper opening O ^ and a curve extending to the inner wall of the tube 1 together.

The position and shape of the track 19 are chosen such that each line of intersection of the blade 16 with a plane running through the pipe axis encloses an angle / 5 with the axis of rotation of the pipe, which is at least equal to the angle <* -, but is directed in the opposite direction (Fig 2).

The exchanger also has the following elements:

At its upper end there are devices 21 (funnel and chute) opening into the opening 0, the upper end septum, for introducing the pulverulent solids

009848/0358

and as overflow devices 22 for discharge the coarse! solid body provided, the opening of which is at the exit of the upper septum and below the devices 21. At the bottom are in the opening Oo the lower end septum opening devices 23 (Funnel and chute) to introduce the coarse Solids soYjie as overflow facilities intended for the removal of the powdery solids.

According to a first embodiment (Figures Λ to. 7) the inner transverse walls 9i10,11 and 12 and the blades 14, 15j 16, 17 and 18 are provided with holes 13, the cross section of which is smaller than the smallest dimension of the coarse solids introduced _{at Op 1 and} is larger than the largest dimension of the powdery solids introduced at O, so that these holes retain the coarse solids and allow the powdery solids to pass through. ^f

The exchanger described works as follows:

During the rotation of the tube 1 in the sight of the arrow F each shovel is immersed in the powder-shaped and coarse solids (Figure 5) and takes a certain volume of this bed with it, with the in

QQ9848 / Q3S8 bad original

1Θ01128

- vr-

holes 13 provided for the blades and the transverse walls let through the powdery pestilents {Figure 6). '

When the concavity of the blade is facing up (Figure 7) >. The coarse pests, separated from the powdered products, slide on the shovel surface and cross the upper septum to fall into the central space above.

Two oppositely directed are thus formed Streams out, viz

- a downward moving continuous stream of powdered pests, and

- an ascending discontinuous stream of coarse Plague bodies that advances one space with each rotation of the tube 1.

Since the transverse walls and the shovels are flown through by the powdery pest, the height arises this powdery pestilence according to the angle of the sucking of these powdery pesticides (the line f in Figure 2 represents the trace of this height in the vertical Section plane), since the lower end transverse wall 2 fully eats,

0098A8 / 0358

- ve -

the partition 2 forms an overflow threshold, which automatically regulates the level f and thus the volume of powdered pesticides present in the exchanger.

According to a second embodiment of the invention (Figure 8) only the blades are provided with holes 13, which let through the fine solids and the coarse solids hold back.

Since the transverse walls are full, the lower partitions of each room form as many overflow openings, which regulate the heights f4 to f8 and consequently the volumes of the beds of coarse and powdery solids present in each tree. The mode of operation of the blades corresponds to that of the embodiment already described, the coarse solids moving on by one space per revolution of the tube 1 and the fine solids largely falling back into the same space.

According to a further development of the invention, which is shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, each of the blades 15 »16, 1? extended by a slide 31, 32, 33, which extends up to a certain distance over the lower partition 10, 11, 12 of the room 6 * 7 »8, which directly

009848/0358

4t ;

is above the blade in question. Each blade is _n only on a part of the edge of the central opening CL, 0 ^, 0 ^ 2 <l ^he associated septum 10 ,, 11, supported 12th

Due to the extension of the shovel in the direction of the The circulation of the solids will be above a certain level Distance "from the lower partition of the upper room poured into this room and distribute Calibration is therefore better in the course of the rotation of the pipe in de »Usable volume of the room.

In addition, the transition of the powdery solids from the upper room to the lower room, since there is less risk of these powdery solids passing through the accumulation of coarse solids on the lower septum of each room is hindered.

It is obvious that this addition only applies to the in concerns blades opening into a space and the blade or exit blade located furthest above (Sehaufel 18 in Figure 10) with the opening 0, the upper En & seheld © - wall 5 is flush.

Each slide 3-1, JS ₅ 33 is provided with holes 15, whose

009848/0359

Cross-section between the largest dimension of the powdery Solid and the smallest dimension of the coarse solid. As with the embodiment according to FIG. 8, only the blades and slides can also be used be provided with holes. The transverse walls 10, 11 and 12 are fully formed in this case, as shown in FIG 11 is shown.

According to a second development shown in FIGS. 11 and 12, the replacement device according to the invention is more advantageous. Way provided with an arrangement for reducing the effects of the imbalance resulting from the eccentric position of the blades with respect to the axis of the device.

This arrangement consists in that the blades are displaced relative to one another by an angle T so that a "winding" with an integral number of turns is obtained over the entire length of the pipe.

Will each of a shovel, % .B. 15 »and the bafiglioh of this vane above the septum 10 formed unit called element, so can be the case in the ligmren

INSPECTED

11 and 12 it can be established that each element derives from the preceding by a displacement parallel to the axis of the hearing wheel © i with the subsequent rotation about these Afeks © -am an angle of F = ^ ~ ^ ~ ( where Έ di <s> is the number of slsments and a is the number of windmsgea of the blades).

For a given total number of revolutions, the wiokslirerscliiebuzig of the elements more or less influences the dwell time of the coarse solids ₉ vm & awar corresponds to the value of the angle tmd the direction "of the

Bs is open & Li @ & t iaß

both angles T * f © rg

Verxieildauer the coarse VestkSaeper is © in © m fena © d © 3? in of a given shark species locally changed xferden sell

Ss Isösatea also septum © with VeröSBUsgen provided

Bsi <ä @ a Μθ ^ θγ '"bssefe

ORIOIMAL WSPBCTBD

Λψ

- The throughput of coarse solids is regulated on the supply side (by acting on the devices 23) and limited by the groove volume of a tree and by the fact that the amount of coarse solids contained in this useful volume per revolution by. whitewashed a tree. It should be noted that the IftitzvOlinsen of a house denotes the volume * that of the maximum quantity. which can be introduced into the room without overflowing downwards . ~ _e

- the -throughput of powdery solids is fed-

side regulated * (di & reli effect of? · SinrieJ & I ^ Mgsa 21) xmü. dw ?? eii the amount, which - the ^ sohTOhs - can convey with the given lieigimg & »xmä of the given broh-speed.

It will thus be seen that the versehi. @ D "men throughputs are depending on the inclination Φ ~ the Adiss the © rfisdungsgemäßen rotary tube and the Brehgeschwiadigkeit this tube and that as a function of the number of rooms, intimate in this way and temporally variable Contact between the two solids with different granularity can be regulated »

A laÖGlisks md advantageous isivan & nng such

LOCAL INSPECTED

1S011

Device ordered in the creation of a heat exchanger with two solids flowing against each other different graininess.

Such a device has compared to the known rotary tube heat exchangers, and in particular Compared to exchangers with a perforated transport screw, the following two main advantages:

- for "identical parameters and conditions - the maximum amount of powdery solids greater than _{4 is} the means of the rotary kiln conveyed isaan ■» *

- the extrapolation of the dimensions & ®S3 Hohree © rf © Igt according to the cap volume of this Hohrs »since the" coarse solids are completely immersed in the sand _s "ι while in an exchanger with a screw the iUeiidenä exists that the relative movement of the powdery solids and of the coarse solids occurs only on the surface of the bed of powdery solids. From a political perspective, the dimensions of the exchanger according to the invention are smaller than the dimensions of the exchanger with screw.

The following is an example of a

ar -, ... ".-. ÖOÜ48 / O3S" 8 ordinal inspected

ϊΰ

are written, in which the exchanger according to the invention is used for carbonization of sorted coal compacts will.

A charring device of this type is shown in FIG 13, with the same reference numerals as in the previous figures to denote the same parts have died.

The pellets to be sorted and charred will be fed at 25, pass through tube 1 and join 22 off again.

The fine solid called "thermophore" (which can consist of sand or brick dust, for example) is used in 21 supplied hot and exits again at 24. The thermophore is led through a 25 "in a Üeituoe A stream of air or a stream of oxidizing gas is set in motion. This line 25 opens at the base a fluidization reactor 26 8 for reheating, where the gaseous drive fluid ensures that a fluidized suspension is formed in the reactor.

All or part of the fuel required to reheat the thermophore is made up of the coke dust

^03δθ ORIGINAL INSPECTED

3Λ-

delivered by the Q2hermophor at the Durongang the heat exchanger 1 was taken. If necessary additional heat is supplied by a fuel added in the middle of the fluidized bed, for example can consist of gas or fuel oil.

The heated thermophore is set in motion pneumatically by the gaseous © .Fluid, by this fluid separated into a cyclone 27 and at 21 back into the drill introduced.

The charred pellets emerging at 22, which have taken some thermophore with them, are sieved at 28 g and the thermophore obtained in this way is introduced into circle 25 for _reheating

It can be thought of the considerable © hearts of the hot, smoldered pellets "to recover with it to preheat the © lermophors »This The process can advantageously be carried out by means of a slide Heat exchanger be carried out between the Separation device and the fluidized bed for reheating is arranged «.

Am Pri & gipselialtbild a humble one

ORIGINAL

»J " ■ *

shown in Figure 14, in which the path of the sorted pellets is symbolized by simple arrows and the way of the! thermophore marked by double arrows JSt.

The sorted pellets are "at 25" in the smoldering device or the exchanger 1 is introduced and exits carbonized and hot "" at 22. They are then sieved at 28 and "at 23 A ia a second Exchanger 1 A introduced according to the invention. they kick then cooled "at 22 A and sieved" at 28 A.

The at 21 eingefüteiis lieiße thermophore in the carbonator 1 occurs when 2h cooled again, is then introduced at 21 A in serving as a preheating exchanger 1 A and enters preheated "at 2M A again. In line 25 it is pneumatically driven and the base of the fluidized bed heater 26, from where it is then withdrawn and reintroduced into the carbonizer while hot, as has already been explained.

The shermophore obtained by sieving at 28 and 28 A is introduced into lines 25 as in the previous case.

ftO 984 8/0 3 S 8 obiuinally inspected

- * ■

In this way, the irritation becomes necessary Amount of heat reduced considerably. This consequently also applies to the dimensions of the fluidized bed heater and the flow rate of gaseous fluid that the! thermophore in 27 drives and ensures that he is in the state a fluidized suspension arrives, as well as for the externally supplied in the form of gas or fuel oil additional warmth.

Of course, the device according to the invention can be modified in various ways. For example, the length of the rooms can be different, and it is possible to design the cross-section of the openings in the partition walls differently, provided that it is larger than the largest dimension of the coarse to be treated Solids remains.

It is also possible to provide a tube with a non-circular cross-section. The cross-section of the total length of the tube may, or ^koaetant: be different. At the same time, full or perforated interior transverse walls can also be provided.

INSPECTED

The gate heating of the thermophore can be used with the described Devices also by means of a device other than take place in a fluidized bed.

It goes without saying that the invention Device can be used in all those cases where there is a relatively intimate contact between two Solids of different granularity should be achieved, as is the case, for example, with surface treatments or with chemical treatments that possibly accompanied by heat treatments, should be the case.

Claims (12)

1801128 Fat en f a η β χ> return Device for exchanging heat in countercurrent between Solids • of different granularity, in particular between coarse-grained and powdery solids, mi ^ a rotary tube heat exchanger whose axis of rotation is inclined to the horizontal, characterized in that the rotating pipe by cross cutting * - walls or partitions that are firmly connected to the drill are, is divided into rooms that the transverse ■ partitions or partitions with a central opening ■ 'a lot ■; ■ .γ. / ■■■' are provided, the dimensions of which are larger than those of the largest solids, that the partitions are connected to one another by rigid, curved plates or blades, which in every room are equally fixed with the inner wall of the rotating tube by one of its long edges, with the lower partition wall corresponding to a unterea Rurv © whose concavity ₉ such that di © opening of the lower septum is ser on the convex side di @ bottom curve, and the upper 'fiksheidewand'entepreOtiend'eiher upper eatsi lsi? ϊ w © le | iü fiis. iPanggate sta Haad der INSPECTED is chosen so that the opening of the upper The septum is on the concave side of the upper curve, the shape and position of the lower curve is chosen such that each line of intersection is one each blade with a plane running through the axis of the tube with the axis of rotation of the tube Includes an angle which is at least equal to'dea e % © »Angle of inclination with respect to the axis of rotation of the Hohres is the horizontal and has opposite direction. 2. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that each blade with a rigid, curved extension or slide is provided on a Part of the edge of the central opening of the upper septum rests and engages in the upper tree. 3 "A device according to claims 1 and _Z% characterized in that the blade" which Butsekea and optionally the Scheidewand® sait holes are provided, whose cross section Größ © ^ than the largest dimension of the fed powdered © r £ 8rmigen solids and less than the smallest size is coarse solids. Device according to claims 1 - 3, characterized in that that the blades and the rod assigned to them see angularly opposite one another? are pushed. 5. Apparatus according to claim 4-, characterized in * net that the angle of displacement «wipe two successive and from shovel uad carriage existing units is constant along the entire length of the pipe. 6. Apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that it is misei l3inet j that the shift angle wisehea successive and from shovel uad existing units on the total length of the Pipe is not uniform » 7 * device according to one or more of the? the claims characterized gekenaseichnet that the upper end of the tube with Einrichtungan "does * variable rate erf olg» ndtn St3ifG5i ^ lJ? @ pul ve rf önaigen solids and "it Ausfühfimg the groi3Qii Pestatoff" the IMT © Ee Üoäe of Sötees if with adjustable - "- BtorcksatiSi- erf ©% ^BATH 16U1128 of coarse pests and means of removal the powdery .peststoffe is provided. 8. Device for heat exchange «wipe solid matter different granularity, especially for carbonization or coking smoldering! »sorted coal compacts, a powdery or granular thermophore being used, characterized in that the treated sorted plague bodies at the exit of a heat exchange device according to claims 1-7 are separated by sieving from the powdery solids carried along by them, while those from the Ifre — feee storage device withdrawn and cooled powdered pesticides before they are reintroduced into the heat a exchange device in a fluidized bed reactor be heated up. 9. Device according to claim 8, characterized in that Warmth* that the from the eaa » exchange device cooled down drawn Vanä. powdery solids and dl · through b # h * adait »ii Screening of the sorted Irish substances separated powdery solids by a 0 * ydi6J ** aAt Fluid pneumatic t and the base of the su 00984 8/0358? . BADORfGiNAi- their heating serving fluidized bed reactor supplied and that the transport fluid acts as a swirling agent serves. \ - * 10. Device according to claims 8 and 9 »thereby marked that the re-heated powder - shaped solids pneumatically from the 'fluidized bed' and the heating reactor and removed from the transport fluid by means of a dedusting cyclone in front of it Warlaee / Reintroduction into the tes «fe» exchange device be separated. ■ - ■ - ■ «· * ■■. 11. Device according to the preceding claims, da- ',: "By in that the * for reheating '. _V of the powdered solids required fuel at least to IEIL resulting from the entrained by the pulverulent j gen Peststoffe coke dust" 12. Device according to the preceding claims, characterized in that the powder-form. Solids for preheating by tine between 1Mi »wi1 λ ·% * exchange device according to the claims 1 -? are performed that the replacement device »wipe / Heat of the first 'exchange device and the fluidized bed and 009848/0358 Heating reactor is arranged and that the second Heat exchange device at its lower end with the sorted ^ hot and treated solids are fed, which come from the first heat exchange device. 009848/0358