DE1573833C

DE1573833C - Device for displaying the permissible change in load on steam and gas turbines. Eliminated from: 1401453

Info

Publication number: DE1573833C
Authority: DE
Inventors: Walther; Sehern Otto; 8520 Erlangen Pilgram
Original assignee: Siemens AG
Current assignee: Siemens AG
Publication date: 1972-09-21

Description

lung 28 versehen sein, die unmittelbar die Belastung in KW bzw. MW anzeigt. Der Zeiger 29 bringt also jeweils die im Augenblick gerade vorhandene Turbinenbelastung zur Anzeige.treatment 28, which immediately shows the load in KW or MW. The pointer 29 thus brings the currently existing turbine load for display.

Mit 30 und 31 sind sektorartige drehbewegliche durchsichtige Blenden bezeichnet, die mit vom Meßwerk 26 getrennten Meßwerken 32 und 33 verbunden sind und über die Meßwertumformer 34 und 35 an die Meßeinrichtung 18 angeschlossen sind. Diese Sektoren, beispielsweise aus gefärbtem durchsichtigem Material, lassen einen freien Bereich erkennen, innerhalb dessen sich der Zeiger 29 gerade bewegt und der den zulässigen Änderungsbereich umfaßt. Der Maschinist darf nun unbedenklich seine Leistung erhöhen oder verringern bis zu den Kanten der durchsichtigen Abdeckscheiben. Bei noch weiteren Leistungsänderungen muß er eine gewisse Vorsicht beachten, da dann zwar die Kraftmaschine noch nicht unmittelbar gefährdet ist, aber im Laufe der Zeit doch möglicherweise leiden kann und ihre Lebensdauer beeinträchtigt wird.With 30 and 31 sector-like rotatable transparent diaphragms are referred to, with the measuring mechanism 26 separate measuring units 32 and 33 are connected and via the transducers 34 and 35 the measuring device 18 are connected. These sectors, for example, made of colored transparent Material, reveal a free area within which the pointer 29 is currently moving and which includes the allowable range of change. The machinist can now safely perform his work increase or decrease to the edges of the clear cover plates. For further changes in performance he must observe a certain degree of caution, since then the prime mover is not yet is imminent but can potentially suffer over time and its lifespan is affected.

Weitere Abdeckplatten im Sinne durchsichtiger Sektorenblenden 36 und 37 schließen sich als äußere Bereiche an und kennzeichnen die auf jeden Fall »verbotenen« Zonen. Hier können wiederum durchsichtige Scheiben geeigneter Farbgebung, z. B. einem dunkleren Rot, vorgesehen sein, die mit getrennten Meßwerken 38 und 39 verbunden sind.
In den F i g. 2 und 3 sind an einem Ausführungsbeispiel eines Anzeigeinstrumentes zwei verschiedene Betriebsfälle dargestellt, von denen der eine Fall, der die F i g. 2 zeigt, einen Augenblickszustand verkörpert, bei dem die Vorgeschichte der Wärmekraftmaschine bereits abgeklungen ist. Bei der in Fig. 3 dargestellten Anzeige ist in einem verhältnismäßig kurzen Zeitraum zuvor eine Laständerung erfolgt, die noch nicht abgeklungen ist, so daß der gerade eingestellte Leistungswert sich im bedingt zulässigen Bereich befindet. Eine zulässige Laständerung ist hier praktisch also nur im Sinne einer Lasterhöhung nicht nur möglich, sondern sogar erwünscht oder gar notwendig. Further cover plates in the sense of transparent sector panels 36 and 37 adjoin as outer areas and mark the definitely "forbidden" zones. Here, in turn, transparent panes of suitable coloring, e.g. B. a darker red, which are connected to separate measuring units 38 and 39.
In the F i g. 2 and 3, two different operating cases are shown on an exemplary embodiment of a display instrument, of which the one case, which is shown in FIG. 2 shows, embodies an instantaneous state in which the history of the heat engine has already subsided. In the display shown in FIG. 3, a load change has taken place in a relatively short period of time, which has not yet subsided, so that the power value that has just been set is in the conditionally permissible range. A permissible change in load is practically only possible here in the sense of an increase in load, it is even desired or even necessary.

Im übrigen ist die Anzeige hier so getroffen, daßIncidentally, the display is made here in such a way that

ao der hier feststehende Zeiger 40 den Augenblickswert der Belastung verkörpert. Die Skala ist als Trommelskala 41 ausgebildet. Geeignete Blenden für die bedingt zulässigen Bereiche sind mit 42 und 43, für die unzulässigen Bereiche mit 44 und 45 bezeichnet.ao the pointer 40, which is fixed here, embodies the instantaneous value of the load. The scale is as a drum scale 41 formed. Suitable apertures for the conditionally permissible areas are 42 and 43, for the inadmissible areas marked 44 and 45.

Hierzu 1 Blatt Zeichnungen1 sheet of drawings

Claims

1 2 Claims · Load change in the interest of the service life of the machine is desirable. For this establishment it is

1. Device for displaying the admissible load. First of all, it is important that the mechanical and thermal load change For steam or gas turbines, the stress state of the machine is detected while recording the mechanical and thermal 5 and the respective stress allowance under appearance Voltage condition of the machine, valuation of suitable measuring signals is calculated. the characterized by a display device with the invention is that such a Einrichmehrereh Measuring mechanisms, one of which is provided with a display device for the eyes existing turbine power and a rere measuring mechanism, one of which the eye other the respective power allowance based on existing turbine power and a different scale indicates. 'res the respective service allowance on scales.

2. Device according to claim 1, shown thereby. In addition to the display of the indicates that in addition to the display of the still permissible, but already undesirable, permissible but already undesirable performance range, a display of the non-range and a display of the inadmissible load change range can also be provided,
permissible load change range is provided. The movable

3. Device according to claim 1 or 2, that parts of the measuring units with sector-shaped or cylindrical characterized in that the moving parts drisch designed diaphragms od. Like. Be provided that of the measuring units with sector-shaped or cylindrical cover the endangered zones transparently. The undesigned Orifices or the like. Are provided, the 20 desired areas can each by one cover endangered zones transparently. colored transparent panel on the one hand and the different

4. Device according to claim 3, characterized in that the areas offered by one further, the first indicates that the aperture covering the undesired areas aperture is on the other hand recognizable by a colored transparent panel and made.

forbidden areas by one further, the 25 The first panel covering panel are clearly explained. The figures show execution power. examples in their essential for the invention

Parts in a greatly simplified, partly schematic representation.

30 In Fig. 1, the force to be monitored drives

The invention relates to a device machine in the form of a steam turbine 1 for displaying permissible load changes from generator 2 and is fed via the live steam line steam or gas turbines with the meter 3 being recorded. 4 with the exhaust steam pipe, with 5 mechanical and thermal stress state of the turbine condenser. A de-machine. 35 take-off line 6 leads to a preheater 7 in the. To protect the machine, one often strives for a feedwater line 8 Steam network 47.
history, that is to say the load conditions of the -.- ■■ The measuring device 10 is taken into account via the signal line 9 from a previous hour. One 40 power signal of the generator !, via the signal has so far mostly only given the operating personnel a live steam temperature signal via instructions, with which maximum load may be increased in the extraction line 6 characterizing signal during load reductions are hardly taken into account along the signal line 13 above the transducer and the speed of which is left to the judgment 45 14, an influence from the sampling line 46 over the capabilities of the operating personnel. Signal line 48 and the transducer 49 and closing load reductions, which take place too quickly, can lend along the signal line 15 the influence of steaming but also reduce the service life of the engine state at the turbine outlet above the measured value. On the other hand, it is also possible to feed converter 16. ...;:
the load change both in the direction of a load 50 The measuring device 10 is followed by an integrating element increase and a load decrease more quickly to 17, which in turn is understood by a device 18 than a table or diagram is connected in which indicates a time decay function , e.g. B. if shortly before an opposite according to curve 19 is formed. In addition to this adjusted change command has been given and sound functions, the device 18 is also unaffected by this load change has not yet affected 55 indirectly influenced via the signal line 20 and 21,
or the live steam temperature of a steam The display device 22 is now constructed in such a way that the turbine changes in the opposite direction to the load or changes several measuring units displays in the same field of view. In the interest of economic exploitation, load changes of the highest and lowest permissible Beauch should not be carried out too slowly if a load change is required too quickly for the current load and are familiar with it. Depending on the turbine power, there would be the possibility of meeting this requirement from generator 2 via signal line 23 for a measured value. Accordingly, it is the object of the invention to create a device that is proportional to the generator power and that continuously displays the permissible load 65 changes occurring, for example, as current or voltage, and thereby recognizes the value that is applied to the path 25 gives the measuring mechanism, as the possibilities of a load change in 26 of the display device is supplied. Accordingly, at every moment, and whether perhaps even one, the scale 27 of the measuring device 22 with a part