DE1564629C - Catcher for charge carriers in electrical discharge vessels - Google Patents

Description

through mechanical processing from a solid material can be produced. At the open end of the catcher enclosing the cavity 6, it is off Conventional carbon still has an annular diaphragm 14 provided for the entry of electrons, which continues to the inside a coating 15, e.g. made of zirconium, which can be getterable at an elevated temperature, is appropriate. The inner wall of the collector in the cavity 6 is made relatively rough, so that in operation, especially in the manner of a »depressed collector«, practically hardly any secondary electrons or fast, elastically reflected electrons can get out of the collector.

The carbon body 11 is inserted into a corresponding metal casing 12 like a cartridge, which is part of the discharge vessel wall in question. The predominant part of the used as a cartridge Carbon body, d. H. along its cylindrical outer wall, has a small distance from the metal casing, so that the heat is dissipated exclusively through radiation, with the special one Advantage that the carbon body has a balancing effect on the heat distribution and thus local overheating on the metal vessel wall. Of course If necessary, the outer cylindrical surface of the carbon body can also be re-graphitized be provided with a pyrolytic carbon layer, thereby increasing the anisotropic Exploit the effect of heat conduction.

In addition to the illustrated embodiment, the invention has preferred meaning also for transmission tubes, namely, grid-controlled tubes of high power with an external anode.

1 sheet of drawings

Claims (2)

1 2 distribution in the discharge current, especially in the claims: electron beam, and thus the fact that the interceptor 1. Catcher for charge carriers of electrical locally (locally) very different specific loss discharge vessels, z. B. tubes of higher power, 5 power has to endure. For example, it can be which consists essentially of coal, as there is a jet concentration in the collector characterized in that a very high power loss occurs locally and carbon bodies forming part of the catcher at a small distance from it already have this loss line (11) drop to negligible values together with a load also made of coal. Also at standing, the cavity (6) in the direction of the kaio metals still as good thermal conductivity as it method final aperture (14) in the manner of a z. B. copper can still be local Cartridge in a suitable metal casing overheating occurs, which leads to evaporation (12) of the discharge vessel is used in such a way that and thus to disturbances in the operation of the relevant the majority of the carbon grain discharge vessel used lead. pers (11) a small distance from the metal 15 The object on which the invention is based is wrapping owns. is therefore to build the interceptor in such a way that 2. catcher according to claim 1, characterized in that not only characterized for a high heat transfer, that it closes the cavity, but also in the event of local overheating ßende screen procure thick-walled and one is guaranteed that that of the load carriers The hole widening towards the cavity remains stable on ao hit material of the catcher has, the wall with z. B. zirconium as a getterma and in particular not evaporated. material is occupied. This is achieved with a catcher for load carriers electrical discharge vessels, e.g. B. Higher power tubes, consisting essentially of coal 35 consists, according to the invention in that the active Part of the collector forming carbon body together with one also made of coal, close the cavity in the direction of the cathode - The invention relates to a catcher for the shutter in the manner of a cartridge in a corresponding dung carrier electrical discharge vessels, z. B. Roh- 30 chende metal envelope of the discharge vessel so ren higher power, which is mainly used from coal, that the predominant part of the consists. . put the carbon body a short distance from the It is of particular importance for tubes with a high metal cladding. Power, especially high frequency tubes, such as. Coal is a material that can withstand the highest temperatures Time tubes of all kinds, but also grid-controlled 35 withstand. Since carbon bodies also have a very high Tubes. Have emissivity that is not far away It is e.g. from Steyskal, »Working methods of that of the black body, can such und Materialkunde der Hochvakuumtechnik «, 1955, carbon bodies locally very highly heated and their heat P.43, or Knoll-Eichmeier, »Technical, especially about radiation, to the relevant Electronics ", volume 1, 1965, p. 338, known, coal 40 environment. The glowing one or graphite, in particular electrographite, for elec- tric carbon bodies can also be achieved by attaching a Electrode from electrical discharge vessels to suitable coating, from z. B. Zircon to apply for it. While electrographite, however, a porous particularly suitable places still as excellent Structure, so it is only suitable for electrodes that act getters. completely inside an electrical discharge. 45 With particular advantage in the case of carbon bodies generation vessel, it is already e.g. from a very low secondary electron emission. "Swiss archive for applied science and will be sufficient, especially if the upper emissions technology", Jg. 26, 1960, pp. 29 to 38, known, is processed by rough surface. Such a carbon body Pyrolytic coatings on electrodes of this type give gas above all when the Dense hard coal layers or corresponding gradients 50 "depressed collectors" do not give rise to any disturbances to produce phit layers. by secondary or elastically reflected electrons. From the same article, p. 29, high-temperature coal is also easy to work with and practical Ratur vacuum furnaces known, in each of which each shape is accessible, can get out of it without Graphite tube at the same time as a gas-tight envelope and as a difficulty that forms these Heating element is used. 55 disturbing reflections or scattering of electrons In addition, it is z. B. from »Journal American Cera- avoid as far as possible. mic Soc ", Vol. 44, 1961, No. 12, p. 594, known that further details of the invention should be referenced Pyrolytically deposited carbon coatings parallel to that shown purely schematically in the drawing Layer expansion a large, i.e. an increased exemplary embodiment will be explained. Are in it Have thermal conductivity. 60 all those parts that are not necessarily Contribute to the invention in high-frequency tubes for high performance, omitted it is always crucial that the. the power loss at a collector with not too In the figure, a pot-shaped collector is shown. large spatial expansion is housed, as he z. B. with an electron beam then from there to the outside as quickly as possible 65 del working high-frequency tubes, such as. B. to be delivered. The traveling wave tubes, etc., must not be used alone. At 11 is Total power loss are considered, which the Auf- as a base body called a carbon body, as he catcher must allow, but it must also B. by powder metallurgical production or