DE1550756C - Hydrodynamic torque converter - Google Patents

Description

1 2

The invention relates to a hydrodynamically desired sealing gap, wherein the pumping

Torque converter in which the pump blades face the inner side edge of the

in the channel area of the core ring through which flow is radially outward, has a curve shape which

the only partially bladed and with a central leakage flow along the ring, radially outwards

central core provided flow circuit and the 5 leads. ·.;, -.

Turbines - as well as the guide vane ^ in radial direction is finally still provided that the step-like

running areas of the circuit are arranged, expansion of the flow cross-section at the

wherein the flow cross-section is formed by the hub of the pump impeller.

between the guide vanes and the impeller in two embodiments of the invention are shown in FIG

Direction of flow reduced. io of the drawing shown, namely shows

The object on which the invention is based is shown in FIG. 1 a longitudinal section through half of a

it says the flow losses due to the single-stage converter in the circuit,

run to reduce and a particularly favorable Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section through half of a

To achieve efficiency in converters. '' Converter with two guide vane rings, one of which

This object is to be achieved in that 15 one is free running.

a) the narrowing in the last third of the channel bend In the single-stage converter according to FIG. 1 is more than mers before the pump inlet begins and the half of the outer circumference of the working chamber smallest flow cross-sectional area in flow through the inner surface of a two-part Gemungsrichtung shortly before the pump impeller housing la, Ib limited, in a manner not shown in a radial with respect to the Kanalbegrenzungs- ^{20 is} firmly connected to the frame of the transducer. The surface lying cut is reached; remaining outer boundary surface of the working chamber

b) that a sealing gap between the inner radial ™ ^{rd through the} _c ^N ? ^be a pump wheel 2 and len completion of the pump core ring and the one outer side ring 3 ö of a turbine blade inner core jacket surface is formed so that ring 3 a formed et.

• the liquid under overpressure in ²⁵ , with the housing half 1 α a guide vane core space is firmly connected at this point in the flow ring 4 α, the inner end of which enters the circuit and the boundary layer along ^emem . ^ ^{He "nn} | ^{5 be fixed [lst} gt ^{and v} ° ^{n sen} J_ g ^e _r ^tr f of the inside of the pump blades blows gene is the core ring has on the guide vanes (CoandaeffektV ^ ^a side facing away from a recess S a, in.. the so-

. , _, "^ ..,. ,. j 3 ° probably an inner side ring 3 c of the turbine blade

c) that the flow cross section behind the narrow _{3ß a} , _{g also an inner} & _{2 c of the} bucket crane flat cross section directly in front of the _{zes 2 Q deg pump gear 2 m} f _{t matching} connection pump inlet a slight step-like increase _{in the} outer radii of curvature of the core ring 5 arrangement for generating a Carnot shock _{are arranged so that} they can be rotated _

^{w 1S} '35 The pump wheel 2 is connected by means of a multi-groove

It is already known, cross-sectional constrictions dung od. Like. Fixedly mounted on a hollow shaft 6, which make in the direction of flow in circuits of transformers in a ball bearing 7 in the housing half 1a prior to the pumping grid, od this and in a sliding bearing. 8 like. in a turbine constriction, however, is rotatably mounted over larger areas and wheel 3 and the torque converter is constant throughout. 4 ° drives.

Also the blowing off of the boundary layer in the case of show- The pump blades 2 α put one in the

fine of turbo machines is known. Working chamber enclosed under overpressure

It is also known that the pump inlet width of the liquid in circulation, which is passed through the turbine

to make something larger than the idler outlet width. felkranz 3 α flows and the turbine wheel 3 in rotation

In the case of converters, this is done in an offset manner for structural reasons. The turbine shaft 3 d is in one

the, the manufacturing-related and stored without special ball bearings 9 in the housing half 1 b and

Are impact. forms the output shaft of the torque converter.

Due to the invention, as a result of the constriction, the composite outer boundary surface of the vane-free channel in front of the pump, through which the circulation chamber forms, together with the core Coanda effect. - Blowing away part of the boundary 5 ° ring 5 and the inner rings 2 c, 3 c of the blade layer along the inside of the pump blades wreath 2 ά and 3 α a liquid circuit with to prevent detachment and through which one flowed radially outward Channel 10 taking place indirectly in front of the pump inlet Carnot and a corresponding, inward flow, through the vortex before the pump inlet th channel 11, which is created by an outer and a normal boundary layer again, 55 inner vane-free bends 12 and 13 with one- , a particularly favorable flow circuit are connected to one another.

called, in which the flow losses are due to the pump blades 2 α and the turbine

reduced to a small extent. fine 3 α are in the outward flow channel

In an advantageous development of the, invention is rotatably arranged, while the reaction organs

provided that the flow cross-section between 60 serving guide vanes 4 a, which the liquid

the inlet of the bend and the beginning of the deflect in a certain direction, in which after

The constriction is constant, the constriction being firmly attached to the duct 11 through which there is a minimum internal flow,

At least 5% of the cross section of the inwardly through The arrangement of the turbine blades 3 α radially

streamed channel is. outside and the direction of flow in the immediate

Another feature of the invention is that 65 barem connection to the pump blades 2a , enables

that the inner circumferential surface of the core ring in the light an effective utilization of the various

the entire circumference has a protrusion which together are components of the velocity from the pump outlet

with the core ring of the pump blade ring that for the torque conversion.

Claims (5)

3 4 In the embodiment according to FIG. 1 is the flow in FIG. 2, the inner manifold 13 of the flow cross-section of the inward flow in the flow direction that in the frame Channel 11 is slightly larger than the cross section of the longest constriction according to the invention, outwardly flowed through channel 10. The outer flow The inwardly flowed through channel 11 is in the curved connecting channel 12 has essentially 5 cross section by less than 8% larger than that after a constant cross-section. channel 10 with external flow. Here, too, is one Experiments have shown, however, that for the purpose of shoulder-like expansion 2 b of the flow cross Reduction of the outer diameter of the housing 1 a, cut just before the pump inlet on the hub ib a reduction in the flow cross-section of the pump wheel 2 is formed, of "about 10% in the middle of the channel 12 without io as well as with the single-stage torque converter after demonstrable additional losses are possible. Fig. 1 are the pump blades 2a and the tur- The inner manifold channel 13 between the canister blades 3 α in the outward flow 11 and 10, on the other hand, inclines at its core wall of the channel 10 of the circuit. The storage of the much easier to signs of separation. With a pump and the turbine and the connection of its rear view thereof, the inner manifold 13 ER 15 inner rings 2 c and 3 c to the outer periphery of the invention according to a narrowing of at least 5% central core ring 5 are consistent with the entsprechenauf, wherein the maximum constriction On the other hand, the inner circumferential surface of the fixed section AA through the core ring 5 is located in a radial direction that corresponds to the ratios of the single-stage transducer, in relation to the boundary surfaces. At the section housing la, Ib of the working chamber only the loading AA ends the guide and the inner ¹ radius ao boundary surface of the outer circumference of the outer of the recess 5 α, the beginning of the narrowing curvature 12 of the working chamber. The outer loading, lies within an area that comprises two thirds of the boundary of the inward flow channel 11 of the length of the bend 13. ^and the first quarter of the inner curve 13 in In the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 1, the direction of flow is the direction of flow, through the hubs start of the constriction so that the length of the »5 two guide wheels 24, 25 is formed, narrowest part within the scope of the invention the smallest The stator 24 is firmly attached in the housing 1 a, 1 b is, wherein the flow cross-section of the manifold arranges and carries a fixed guide vane ring 24 a, 13 on about two thirds of the elbow length which is about the same radius as the ' is almost constant. Pump blade ring 2 a. The guide vanes 24 a If the cross-section of the inward flow 30 is, as in the previous exemplary embodiment with 'th channel 11, is not more than 5% larger than the core ring 5 and carries the same,
that of the channel 10 through which there is an outward flow, is the stator 25, the blades 25 α of which are located outside the guide vanes 24 α in the radial cross section of the narrowest point smaller than the cross section of the pump inlet. In order for the two-phase converters in a manner known per preventing detachment in the pump inlet 35 way is mounted on a freewheel 14 b the Leiteine step-like extension 2 of the flow wheel 25, for example at start-up in a rich cross section on the hub of the impeller 2 off opposite to the direction of rotation of the pump. The sudden expansion 2 ft causes rades2 and impairs turbine wheel 3. At higher a detachment on the outer circumference and causes a speed ratio acts on the blades Carnot shock and thus a small current vortex 40 25 α an opposing force, so that the stator, which can be taken along a thin 25 at the pump inlet again and in the liquid Boundary layer creates, electricity runs freely. It is therefore particularly important that the Such an extension 2 b is not tied to the flow losses in this guide vane ring 25 a specified cross-sectional ratio of the channels 10 and due to the favorable design of the guide vanes 11, but can also advantageously reduce their curvature and thickness at 45, greater differences between the Flow A the upper guide vanes 25 α cross -sections of these channels are made. binding inner ring 25 c is in this execution-Along the inner radius a detachment is counteracted, for example in a recess of the fixed core ring 5 in the pump inlet, that a is arranged and closes at the limiting sealing gap between the inner radial edge of the 50 surface of the ring 5 to match.
Inner ring 2 c of the pump blade ring and the switching on and off of the upper guide vane interior, shoulder-shaped outer surface of the core ring ring 25 α is designed in indirect dependence on the DrehgesS so that the leakage current ratio of the motor and the adaptation of a Coanda effect, i.e. a blowing away Limit torque converter causes an alternative gear ratio shift. For this purpose, for example, in the case of a differential gear or the like connected downstream, the inner circumferential surface of the core ring 5 is not detailed. Extent.a projection 5 b, which can be used together with the system of the two-phase converter The inner ring 2 c of the pump blade ring can also be used to advantage in the case of converters rotating in opposite directions. Sealing gap forms, the pump blades 2 a facing inner side edge of the inner ring Ic 60 claims:
has a waveform that represents the leakage current the ring 2 c directs along radially outward. The 1st hydrodynamic torque converter, in the event of a leakage flow, reaches a high speed as the pump blades radially outwards and therefore contributes to making the boundary layer of the duct area, through which the flow is only partially lower, and to a separation along the inner blades and with it a central core is provided to counteract the pump blades 2 α . see flow circuit and the turbine. The design according to the invention of the hydraulic blades and the guide blades in the radially extending working chamber of a two-phase converter are arranged in areas of the circuit, with the flow cross-section between the guide vanes and the pump wheel is in Reduced flow direction, characterized in that a) the narrowing begins in the last third of the channel bend (13) before the pump inlet and the smallest flow cross-sectional area in the flow direction is reached shortly before the pump wheel inlet (2 a) in a section (AA) located radially with respect to the channel boundary surfaces; b) a sealing gap between the inner radial end of the pump core ring (2 c) and the inner core jacket surface is designed so that the pressurized liquid in the core space (5 a) enters the flow circuit at this point (S b) and along the boundary layer the inside of the pump blades (2 α) ab- _ao blows (Coanda effect); c) the flow cross-section behind the narrowest ^; Surface cross-section (AA) immediately 'from the pump inlet has a small step-like enlargement (2 b) for generating a Garhotimpuls. 2. Hydrodynamic torque converter according to claim i, characterized in that the flow cross section between the inlet of the curve (13) and the beginning of the constriction (AA) is constant. 3. Hydrodynamic torque converter according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that that the constriction is at least 5% of the cross-section of the inward flow channel (11) is. 4. Hydrodynamic torque converter according to claim 1, characterized in that the inner circumferential surface of the core ring (5) on the entire circumference has a projection (5 b) which forms the desired sealing gap together with the core ring (2 c) of the pump blade ring, the the Pump blades (2 a) facing inner side edge of the core ring (2 c) has a curve shape that guides the leakage flow along the ring (2 c) radially outward. 5. Hydrodynamic torque converter according to claim 1, characterized in that the step-like extension (2 b) of the flow cross section is formed on the hub of the pump impeller. 1 sheet of drawings