DE1542986B - Use of trichloronitroethylene to control fungi and nematodes in the soil - Google Patents

Description

3 4

In addition, the B e i s o i e 1 3 used according to the invention

ten connections do not pose any dangers to themselves, as they do

especially when using the 50 parts of the mixture of Example 1 and 50 parts for humans

highly toxic organic mercury compounds DD are mixed and dissolved. The solution is likely to occur. The use of trichloronitroethylene 5 for soil treatment,
offers over that of 2,3-dibromopropio-.

nitrile has the advantage that it is less suitable for plants

is toxic, can be used as a smoking agent 25 parts of the mixture of Example 1, 50 parts

and especially against Fusarium oxysporum chloropicrin and 25 parts 1,2-dichloropropane f. Lycopersicii is extremely effective, mixed against the io, dissolved and used for soil treatment, the 2,3-dibromopropionitrile only poor effectiveness. · Ι <

having. In the synergistic mixtures Example 5

of trichloronitroethylene and 2,3-dibromopropionitrile 50 parts of trichloronitroethylene and 50 parts of methyl, the disadvantages mentioned of using bromide are mixed, brought to a solution and turn off of 2,3-dibromopropionitrii. 15 used for soil treatment.

The compounds can be used as a soil disinfectant. .

medium as it is or mixed with carriers Example 6

be used. The carrier can present 30 parts of the mixture of Example 1, 20 parts

Case either a solid or a liquid will be dibromoethane and 50 parts solvent kerosene being. For example, a soap or another 20 can be mixed, brought to a solution and used to disperse the soil or emulsifiers with irrigation treatment are used.

I '-. Mixed water for treating the soil. . .

-' will; if desired, it is also possible to use the example /

agent used according to the invention with a solid 20 parts of 2,3-dibromopropionitrile, 20 parts of trichloro

Carrier to mix with a suitable dust 25 nitroethylene, 45 parts xylene, 10 parts polyoxyethylene apparatus To be sprayed on or on the bottom by nonylphenyl ether (10 moles) and 5 parts calcium Bury or other similar means an- dodecylbenzenesulfonate are mixed and dissolved, to be turned. It is also possible to form an emulsifiable concentrate according to the invention according to the agent used in an organic liquid dilution used for soil treatment fluid such as xylene, methylnaphthalene, 30.

Dimethylformamide and petroleum distillates, to be dissolved B e i s d i e 1 8

: and pour the solution on the floor.

It is also expedient to use the 2 parts 2,3-dibromopropionitrile, 4 parts trichloro

used agents in the above-mentioned applications nitroethylene, 10 parts of diatomaceous earth and 84 parts of ί with commonly used agriculturally 35 clay are mixed and ground to as dust-; means such as surfactants to be used.
■ as distribution agents, dispersants or wetting agents. .

average, to mix and thereby their effect to B e 1 s ρ 1 e 1 y

: improve or ensure. The inventive 4 parts of 2,3-dibromopropionitrile and 2 parts of trichloro

In accordance with the used disinfectants, the nitroethylene can be absorbed in granules made by special dilutions with insecticides or nematocides, such as medium. The means: for example, Aldrin, Heptachlor, HCH, DD, 1,2-Di- is used for soil treatment.
: bromoethane, l ^ -dibromo-S-chloropropane and the like, or

L · with fungicides, such as, for example, sulfur compounds - Example 10

fertilize, copper compounds, mercury compounds 45

and nitrogen compoundsj or with bottom desin 4 parts 2,3-dibromopropionitrile, 4 parts trichloro

fectants, such as chloropicrin, methyl nitroethylene, 40 parts and 52 parts carbon disulfide bromidj öder also with plant growth inhibitors, solvent kerosene are with the formation of an oil such as 2,4-D, or mixed and dissolved with certain. A soil treatment fertilizer is obtained be used. 5 ° solvent.

The following examples illustrate the invention, Example 11

without restricting them. The proportions of the

Components are given in parts by weight. 35 parts of the mixture from Example 1, 25 parts

2,3-dibromopropionitrile, 10 parts polyoxyethylene nonyl

; For example 55 phenyl ether (10 mol) and 5 parts calcium dodecyl

benzenesulfonate are mixed and dissolved to form an azeotropic mixture with a boiling point of emulsifiable concentrate which, after ver ; 65 to 80 ° C / 33 mm Hg (consisting of about 60 parts thinning is used as a soil treatment agent. • Trichloronitroethylene, about 20 parts of dichloronitro- In order to increase the effectiveness of the inventively

: methane and about 20 parts of tetrachloronitroethane), 60 used agents to show these were against harmful- ^] how it is checked by treating trichlorethylene with fungi and nematodes in the soil, as 67.5% nitric acid is obtained, is considered to be by the the following experiments are shown:

Floor disinfectant used. . _{,, Λ}

\ Attempt 1

Example _{2 6g} immersion test: samples of fungi were tested using

50 parts of the mixture from Example 1 and 50 parts of a cork drill with a diameter of 5 mm

Solvent kerosene are mixed, taken to the solution, and the sample was in liquid for 1 hour.

brought and used for soil treatment. liquids of different concentrations at 28 ⁰ C

immersed. The excess liquid was filtered off through paper and that which remained Material was poured into the culture medium. A day later, Fungi No. 51 were out for survival checked and 3 days later Fungi No. 102; this determined the minimum lethal concentration.

Fungi used for testing:

No. 51 Pythium aphanidermatum, No. 102 Fusarium oxysporum f. Lycopersicii.

Concentrations: 1000, 300, 100, 30, 10, 3 parts per million (ppm).

Gas action test: For the test, a colony of fungi that had been cut out with a diameter of 5 mm was introduced into the culture medium. The test substance was dissolved in alcohol and dropped onto filter paper to adjust the effective content to 10 to 0.1 mg. After 1 to 3 minutes of air drying, the solvent had evaporated. The filter paper was then kept ^{at 28 °} C. under the lid of a Petri dish (with a diameter of 9 cm). One day later, Fungi No. 51 was checked for survival, and 3 days later, Fungi No. 102 was checked, and the minimum lethal dose of the compound was determined based on the result. The trichloronitroethylene used had a purity of 99% The test results were as follows:

Connections immersion
Minutes let. concentration

(ppm)
No. 51 I No. 102

Let gas effect minutes. dose

(mg / dish) No. 51 I No.

Trichloronitroethylene
Captan

Attempt 2
Disinfectant effect on soil fungi

Harmful soil fungi grown in wheat bran (Pythium aphanidermatum, Pellicularia filamentosa or Fusarium oxysporum f. Lycopersicii) were mixed with a top soil layer in a pot for inoculation. Cucumber seeds were sown, and samples of the compound with the 30th
1000

300
> 1000

1.0 to 10.0

1.0

indicated concentration were poured on ^a m in an amount of 71 per 3.3. The trichloronitroethylene used had a degree of purity of 99%. Ppm of the organomercuric compound are the maximum permissible amount of this active ingredient without causing significant damage to the crops or poisoning the harvest. The tests were carried out after two weeks. The test results were as follows:

Compounds concentration
(ppm)

Germination ratio

Growth ratio

a) Effects against Pythium aphanidermatum

2,3-dibromopropionitrile.

Trichloronitroethylene

2,3-dibromopropionitrile + trichloronitroethylene.

Captan

Organomercuri compound

Inoculated but not treated. Neither vaccinated nor treated.

1000
500
300
1000
500
250

+ 500

+ 250

+ 500

+ 250

2000

1000

20 (Hg)

b) Effects against Pellicularia filamentosa

2,3-dibromopropionitrile.

Trichloronitroethylene

2,3-dibromopropionitrile + trichloronitroethylene.

Captan

Organomercuri compound

Inoculated but not treated.
Neither vaccinated nor treated.

1000
500
300
1000
500
250

+ 500

+ 250

+ 500

+ 250

2000

1000

(Hg)

96.7
90.0
78.3
50.0
43.3
28.3
95.0
95.0
96.8
93.3
48.3
55.0
43.3
0
96.7

82.3
96.7
51.7
91.7
93.3
50.0
98.3
90.0
95.0
95.0
91.7
88.3
81.7
38.3
96.7

80.0

60.0

41.7

25.0

8.3

6.7

80.0

85.0

83.6

70.0

6.7

6.7

15.0

63.3

40.0 50.0 13.3 38.3 35.0

5.0 60.0 76.7 76.7 63.3

8.3 11.7 11.7

0 96.7

Compounds concentration
(ppm)

Germination ratio

O/

/ 0

Growth ratio

o / / o

2,3-dibromopropionitrile.

Trichloronitroethylene

2,3-dibromopropionitrile + trichloronitroethylene.

Captan

Organomercuri compound

Inoculated but not treated. Neither vaccinated nor treated.

c) Effects against Fusarium oxysporum f. Lycopersicii

82.3

96.7

95.0

95.0

95.0

98.3

+ 500 96.7

+ 250 95.0

+ 500 100.0

+ 250 96.7

91.7

95.0

(Hg) 95.0

- 83.3

- 96.7

40.0 50.0 28.3 66.7 55.0 45.0 78.3 71.7 71.7 60.0 41.7 51.7 60.7 5.0 63.3

d) Effects against mixed infection of three types of fungi: Pythium aphanidermatum, Pellioularia

filamentosa and Fusarium oxysporum f. Lycopersicii

2,3-dibromopropionitrile.

Trichloronitroethylene

2,3-dibromopropionitrile + trichloronitroethylene.

Captan

Organomercuri compound.

Inoculated but not treated. Neither vaccinated nor treated.

1000
500
300
1000
500
250

+ 500

+ 250

+ 500

+ 250

2000

1000

(Hg)

86.7
80.0
78.3
28.3
15.0
3.3
91.7
95.0
85.0
85.0
48.3
55.0
33.3
15.0
55.0

40.0

41.7

11.7

3.3

1.7

0.0

85.0

88.3

71.7

78.3

6.7

6.7

1.7

26.7

Experiment 3 Effects against nematodes in the soil

2 kg of soil in which nematodes (meloidogyne incognita var. Acrita) were uniformly distributed were in introduced a porcelain pot with a diameter of 18 cm and a depth of 17 cm. In the center 1 ml of the test substance was added dropwise to the pot. The pot was then left in a room for 7 days left to stand at 25 ° C. The surviving nematodes were extracted using Weilmann's method and counted. Before treatment with the test substance, the moisture content was 8.0% · The Experimental results were as follows:

links

1 Over index 2 Over- index living 0.0 living 0.0 0 0.1 0 0.1 1 0.0 3 0.0 0 0.1 0 0.1 1 0.0 2 0.0 0 0.1 0 0.1 1 0.0 2 0.0 0 2.6 0 0.9 25th 100.0 20th 100.0 953 2341

Average survival index

Trichloronitroethylene agent from Example 2. Agent from Example 3. Means from Example 4. Means from Example 5. Means from Example 6.

DD

EDB

Not treated

0.0 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.0 1.8 100.0

209 548/503

Claims (2)

1 2 in particular its effect selective and specific claims: is sterilizing on the Fusarium group and is effective even with a single application. Another- 1. Use of trichloronitroethylene on the other hand, the well-known 2,3-dibromopropionitrile does not have the formula CCl ₂ = CClNO ₂ to combat 5 only strongly nematocid, but also shows strong fungi and nematodes in the soil. Toxicity to harmful soil fungi, being themselves 2. Use according to claim 1, characterized in that trichloronitroethylene in particular is directed against the harmful soil fungi belonging _{to the pythium group mixed with 2,3-dibromopropionitrile (CH 2 BrCHBrCN).} Surprisingly showed is used. io that mixtures of 2,3-dibromopropionitrile and Trichloronitroethylene are particularly effective against a wide variety of harmful soil microorganisms and this is a synergistic effect of the two Connections is attributable.
15 Trichloronitroethylene is a well-known substance The present invention relates to the use previously proposed as a means for controlling water from trichloronitroethylene of the formula CCI ₂ = CClNO ₂ plants. It is a tear to combat fungus and nematodes in the soil. discharge of irritating liquid with a boiling point Usual disinfectants, such as DDj of 50 ° C / 15mm Hg, which by hydrogen chloride from dibromoethane, tetrachloronitroethane, chloropicrin 20 cleavage from tetrachloronitroethane, addition of NO ₂ Cl and the like Trichlorethylene organism growth in soil has been suggested can be obtained. In the usual distillation they are mostly liquid at room temperature and can be produced synthetically as an azeotrope mixture (bp ₃₃ by evaporation of a disinfecting vapor = 68 to 76 ⁰ C) with pentachloroethane, dinitrodichlor, but with these compounds a methane and / or tetrachloronitroethane is obtained . Required for a long time for them to show toxicity or use as soil disinfectant or Nemader soil to become toxic. In addition, its strong tocid precludes it from being used without any practical disadvantage so as it is possible to imme- diate toxicity for plants. bar after treating the soil with them to The trichloronitro used according to the invention plant or sow. In addition, the larger 30 ethylene and its mixtures with 2,3-dibromopro-part are effective this incense is selective so that it does not act pionitrile as a contact poison or incense, is possible with a single chemical agent and its application to those with nematodes and soil infested with soil nematodes and soil fungi at the same time is extremely effective, destroy fungi which are the main pests for the nematodes mentioned here are such harmful Plants are. 35 nematodes, such as tuber nema- Other suggested chemicals, such as dead or bladder nematodes (Heterodera Schmidt connections that are wise at room temperature, such as 1871); The fungi include, for example, the group pentachloronitrobenzene, Dazomet, or organic pen, Fusarium, Pythium, Pseudomonas, Pellicularia mercury compounds, have not proven themselves as zu- and hypochnus. proved satisfactory, since diffusion and permeability- 4 ° If according to the invention mixtures of the two lity in the soil are insufficient and their effects are used substances, it is possible that are localized accordingly. They are also completely protected from being destroyed by fungi relatively expensive. Further restrict the possible -, Pythium group, the Fusarium group and the, Danger in their handling and the strong toxicity Pellicularia group with smaller doses to preserve, against Humans and animals continue their use. 45 as if their components were applied individually Other proposed means, such as that as Nema- are, and at the same time the plants from an attack tocid proposed 2,3-dibromopropionitrile, let to protect from harmful soil nematodes,
do not use as fumigants and act Particularly important advantages of the invention Very harmful to plants. Uses are the following: Compared to The object of the present invention is to provide the usual soil disinfectants or to order seeds new means of combating fungi and agents, such as organic Nematodes in the soil. Mercury compounds, captan (N-trichloromethyl- _{According to the invention, trichloronitroethylene (tetramethylthiuram disulfide) and PCNB (pentachloride formula CCl 2} = CClNO _2. 55 nitrobenzene) are used to combat mercapto -4 -cyclohexene-1,2-dicarboximide), TMTD fungi and nematodes in the soil, we are the sterilizing agents that are obtained - It is particularly advantageous to use trichloronitroethylene in a manner that is extraordinarily superior. Compared with mixture with 2,3-dibromopropionitrile (CH ₂ BrCHBrCN) chloropicrin, the most effective agent among the use. Particularly expedient mixed soil disinfectants are considered, ratios here are 0.1 to 10 parts by weight, according to the invention, the time span from the Be-trichloronitroethylene per 1 part by weight of 2,3-dibromo treatment to sowing or planting extraordinarily propionitrile. be shortened. The ones used according to the invention When examining the disinfecting we-means can be effective even in the cold season evidence of hydrocarbon halide derivatives without showing any phytotoxicity, and the harmful microorganisms living in the soil do not need to be used in the soil with them namely, it was found that 1,2,2-trichloronitro-65 sheets or tarpaulin or water to cover Ethylene has a medium toxicity against harmful soil - preventing its evaporation in gaseous form. the nematode, but an extremely strong toxi- agents used according to the invention are therefore easy against harmful soil fungi, which has to be handled.