DE1542218C3

DE1542218C3 - High pressure autoclave, especially for the synthetic extraction of diamonds

Info

Publication number: DE1542218C3
Application number: DE19651542218
Authority: DE
Inventors: Anmelder Gleich
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1964-11-04
Filing date: 1965-10-30
Publication date: 1977-04-07

Description

bestehenden Hohlzylinder 15 bzw. 115 mit kreisringförmigem, an die Innenwandung der Matrize 13 bzw. 113 unmittelbar anschließendem Querschnitt, aus zwei entgegengesetzt konischen Kolben 11, 11' bzw. 111, 111' mit jeweils einer stumpfen Endfläche und aus zwischen der Matrize 13 bzw. 113 und den Kolben 11, 11' bzw. 111, 11Γ vorgesehenen Dichtungen 22, 22'; 122, 122'. .existing hollow cylinder 15 or 115 with a circular ring-shaped, attached to the inner wall of the die 13 or 113 immediately following cross-section, consisting of two oppositely conical pistons 11, 11 'and 111, 111 'each with a blunt end surface and from between the die 13 or 113 and the piston 11, 11 'or 111, 11Γ provided seals 22, 22'; 122, 122 '. .

Die Matrize 13 bzw. 113 wird von innen nach außen entsprechend dem Winkel <x₂ von z. B. 30 ⁼ dicker, und zwar aus Festigkeitsgründen; in F i g. 1 sind die den Querschnitt der Matrize 13 bestimmenden Eckpunkte mit b, b', c und c' bezeichnet. In den dargestellten Ausführungsbeispielen verläuft die Innenwandung der Matrize 13 bzw. 113 ausschließlich vertikal; sie kann jedoch auch an den Ober- und Unterkanten nach außen hin abgeschrägt oder abgerundet sein. Im übrigen ist die Matrize 13 bzw. 113 durch ringförmige Bandagen 14 bzw. 114 vorgespannt.The die 13 or 113 is from the inside to the outside according to the angle <x ₂ of z. B. 30 ⁼ thicker, for reasons of strength; in Fig. 1, the corner points determining the cross section of the die 13 are denoted by b, b ', c and c'. In the illustrated embodiments, the inner wall of the die 13 or 113 runs exclusively vertically; however, it can also be bevelled or rounded towards the outside at the upper and lower edges. In addition, the die 13 or 113 is pretensioned by annular bandages 14 and 114, respectively.

Im Ausführungsbeispiel nach Fig. 1 haben die Kolben 11, 11' eine Konizität, die durch den Winkel X₁ bestimmt ist. Der Winkel X₁ liegt zwischen 20 und 45°, vorzugsweise zwischen 25 und 40°. Im Ausführungsbeispiel nach F i g. 3 schließt sich an einen Teil der Kolben 111, 111' mit der durch den Winkel X₁ bestimmten Konizität ein Teil an, bei dem der die Konizität bestimmende Winkel kleiner ist als der Winkel ^₁; für diesen Teil der Kolben 111, 111' kann der die Konizität bestimmende Winkel zwischen 0 und 30°, vorzugsweise zwischen 5 und 20°, liegen. Die KolbenIn the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 1, the pistons 11, 11 'have a conicity which is determined by the angle X ₁ . The angle X ₁ is between 20 and 45 °, preferably between 25 and 40 °. In the embodiment according to FIG. 3 adjoins part of the pistons 111, 111 'with the conicity determined by the angle X ₁ , a part in which the angle determining the conicity is smaller than the angle ^ ₁ ; for this part of the pistons 111, 111 ', the angle determining the conicity can be between 0 and 30 °, preferably between 5 and 20 °. The pistons

11, 1Γ bzw. 111, 11Γ sind von ringförmigen Bandagen11, 1Γ and 111, 11Γ are made of ring-shaped bandages

12, 12' bzw. 112, 112' umgeben. .12, 12 'and 112, 112' respectively. .

Im übrigen sind bei den dargestellten Ausführungsformen von erfindungsgemäßen Höchstdruckautoklaven noch weitere Bauelemente vorgesehen, nämlich innerhalb des Hohlzylinders 15 bzw. 115, ein Hohlzylinder 16 bzw. 116, kreisförmige Scheiben 17,17' bzw. 117, 117', kreisringförmige Scheiben 18, 18' bzw. 118,In addition, in the illustrated embodiments of high-pressure autoclaves according to the invention still further components are provided, namely within the hollow cylinder 15 or 115, a hollow cylinder 16 or 116, circular disks 17, 17 'or 117, 117', circular disks 18, 18 'or 118,

ίο 118', kreisförmige Scheiben 19,19' bzw. 119,119' sowie kreisförmige Scheiben 20, 20' bzw. 120, 120'. Die Anordnung und Zuordnung der zuvor erwähnten Bauelemente zueinander kann im einzelnen den F i g. 1 und 3 entnommen werden. Der eigentliche Reaktionsraum, in dem sich ein Reaktionsgemisch 21 bzw. 121 befindet, wird durch den Hohlzylinder 16 bzw. 116 und die kreisförmigen Scheiben 19, 19' bzw. 119, 119' gebildet.ίο 118 ', circular disks 19,19' or 119,119 'as well circular disks 20, 20 'or 120, 120'. The arrangement and assignment of the aforementioned components to each other can in detail the F i g. 1 and 3 can be taken. The actual reaction space, in which there is a reaction mixture 21 or 121 is passed through the hollow cylinder 16 or 116 and the circular disks 19, 19 'and 119, 119', respectively.

Erfindungsgemäß ist die Höhe des in die Matrize 13 bzw. 113 eingesetzten Hohlzylinders 15 bzw. 115 kleiner als die Höhe der Innenwandung der Matrize 13 bzw. 113 und sind die Dichtungen 22, 22' bzw. 122, 122' jeweils in einem durch den Kolben 11, 11' bzw. 111,111', den Hohlzylinder 15 bzw. 115 und die Innenwandung der Matrize 13 bzw. 113 gebildeten Ringraum angeordnet.According to the invention, the height of the hollow cylinder 15 or 115 inserted into the die 13 or 113 is smaller than the height of the inner wall of the die 13 or 113 and the seals 22, 22 'or 122, 122 'each in one through the piston 11, 11' or 111, 111 ', the hollow cylinder 15 or 115 and the inner wall the die 13 or 113 formed annular space arranged.

Die Dichtungen 22, 22' bzw. 122, 122' können unterschiedliche Querschnittsformen P, Q, R, S oder T aufweisen, wie dies in den F i g. 2 A und 2 B dargestellt ist.The seals 22, 22 'or 122, 122' can have different cross-sectional shapes P, Q, R, S or T , as shown in FIGS. 2 A and 2 B is shown.

Hierzu 3 Blatt ZeichnungenFor this purpose 3 sheets of drawings

Claims

1 2 is not yet optimally suited, so that the invention is based on the patent claims: The object is to design the known high-pressure autoclave described at the beginning

1. High-pressure autoclave, in particular zursyn- and further training that it generates extremely thetic extraction of diamonds, consisting of 5 high pressures.

from a die with a substantially vertical The high pressure autoclave according to the invention, at circular cylindrical inner wall, from one in which this object is achieved, is characterized by a die used, made of a material with that the height of the used in the die relatively low compressibility existing hollow hollow cylinder is smaller than the height of the inner cylinder with a circular ring on the inner wall of the die and that the seals in each case training immediately adjoining cross-section, from in one through the piston, the hollow cylinder and the two oppositely conical pistons, each with the inner wall of the die, formed by an annular space blunt end face and from between the are ordered.

Die and the seals provided for the piston, In detail there are different possibilities,

characterized in that the 15 represents the high pressure autoclave according to the invention

Shape the height of the inserted in the die (13; 113) and further develop, which is only in the following

Hollow cylinder (15; 115) is smaller than the height that is to be explained by way of example,

cylindrical inner wall of the die (13; 113) The hollow cylinder preferably consists of aluminum

and that the seals (22, 22 '; 122, 122') are respectively minium oxide, magnesia, silicon oxide, thorium oxide

in one by the piston (11, 11 '; 111, 111'), the 20 or beryllium oxide and consist of the seals

Hollow cylinder (15; 115) and the inner wall of a refractory material, welc'ies agalmatolite

Die (13; 113) formed annular space contains stone and a relatively higher compressibility

are. due to a porosity of 20 to 30%. Especially

2. High-pressure autoclave according to claim 1, in particular it is recommended that the hollow cylinder be made of a material characterized in that the hollow cylinder (15; 25 sintered material whose apparent 115) is made of aluminum oxide, magnesia, silicon oxide, density is almost equal to the true density .
Thorium oxide or beryllium oxide and the solid material achieved by the invention compared to the known seals (22, 22 '; 122, 122') made of a high-pressure autoclave described above, the agalmatolite-like advantage is summarized in the fact that with stone contains and a relatively higher compressibility 30 aid of the high pressure autoclave according to the invention did because of a porosity of 20 to 30%. extremely high pressures can be generated. That's the way it is

3. High-pressure autoclave according to claim 2, for example possible at temperatures from 1300 to, characterized in that the hollow cylinder (15; 1500 C in the reaction chamber, a pressure of 115) consists of a sintered material to maintain 50 kbar. First, the teaching of its apparent density almost equal to the true of the invention results in the seals being between density. Die and the piston are clamped and also

remain clamped when actuating the pistons. the

Seals are not pressed outwards,

they can also fulfill their function when the 40 pistons are actuated. In addition, learns at

The invention relates to a high pressure autoclave, the high pressure autoclave according to the invention in

in particular for the synthetic production of dia- the die used hollow cylinder when actuated

manten, consisting of a Matrize'with essentially piston over the seals an axial pressure, see above

borrowed vertical circular cylindrical inner wall, from that a flow of the material in the axial direction

one inserted into the die and produced from a work 45 with the risk of tearing the hollow cylinder

substance with a relatively low compressibility is prevented.

Hollow cylinder with a circular ring-shaped, to the inner In the following the invention is explained in more detail with reference to a wall immediately adjoining cross-section, from drawings showing only exemplary embodiments, two oppositely conical pistons, each with voltage; it shows
a blunt end face and from between the 50 F i g. 1 schematically and partially, a die and seals provided for the piston. Cross section through a first embodiment of a

In a known high-pressure autoclave of the high-pressure autoclave according to the invention,
before described type (see. BE-PS 6 34 278) is the F i g. 2A various possible embodiments Height of the hollow cylinder inserted into the die in the high pressure autoclave according to FIG. 1 comparison of the height of the inner wall of the die and 55 turned seals,

form the die and each piston (with its Fig. 2B a further possible embodiment

Circular truncated cone) one outwards, i.e. from which the

reaction gaskets and formed from the die and the piston

room-pioneering, acute angles. This has the consequence, schematically and partially, in relation to FIG. 3 that when the piston is actuated, the seal is pressed outwards through a second embodiment of a line, its function in the high-pressure autoclave according to the invention.
so no longer do justice. In addition, the radial pressure exerted on the hollow cylinder as shown in the figures leads to a slight expansion of the material in the axial direction until it is determined by diamonds 13 or 113 with the axis of the piston is approximately perpendicular, essentially circular cylindrical inner wall, from tears. As a result, the known high-pressure autoclave for extremely high pressures that is inserted into the die 13 or 113 is a material with relatively low compressibility